english in life sciences - do.chem.uni.wroc.pldo.chem.uni.wroc.pl/system/files/2015_04_eils_elements...
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English in Life Sciences
Elements of life
29.10.2015
TyvekTyvek® brand protective material is a family of tough, durable spunbonded
olefin sheet products that are stronger than paper and more cost-effective
and versatile than fabrics. Tyvek® has a higher strength-to-weight ratio than
paper, absorbs little or no moisture, is strong and rip-resistant, and is made
of environmentally responsible material. Both bright white and silky
smooth, Tyvek® has a distinctive look and feel that enhances graphic
images and instantly sets it apart from all other materials.
It is a durable, lightweight fabric that provides a breathable barrier that
cannot be washed or worn away. Because of its properties, Tyvek® can be
used in a variety of applications including building homewrap, protective
apparel, and medical packaging.
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TyvekDuPont™ Tyvek® coveralls provide the protection and durability you need
so you can focus on the task at hand.
Engineered by DuPont scientists, DuPont™ Tyvek® coveralls are made of
flash-spun, high-density polyethylene which creates a unique, nonwoven
material. The protection is built into the fabric itself; it can’t be abraded or
worn away. Our Tyvek® coveralls are engineered with our unique comfort-
fit design to give wearers what they want — a greater range of movement,
improved mobility, a more tailored fit, and better overall comfort.
DuPont™ Tyvek® coveralls
• Provide light-weight inherent barrier protection against hazardous dry
particles and aerosols, and nonhazardous light liquid splash
• Are good for industrial workers in a variety of applications including
general maintenance/operations, asbestos and lead abatement, mold
remediation, and environmental cleanups
• Provide excellent abrasion resistance
• Helps protect workers against small size hazardous particles
Flash-spun?
Flashspun fabric is a nonwoven fabric formed from fine fibrillation
of a film by the rapid evaporation of solvent and subsequent
bonding during extrusion.
A pressurised solution of, for example HDPE or polypropylene in a
solvent such as fluoroform is heated, pressurised and pumped
through a hole into a chamber. When the solution is allowed to
expand rapidly through the hole the solvent evaporates to leave a
highly oriented non-woven network of filaments.
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• describes the beneficial or adverse effects
of a substance on living matter.
– dose-dependent effects
– acute effects
• elements
• inorganic compounds
• organic compounds
• natural and man-made substances
Biological activity
http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/educational-resources.html
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http://www.iupac.org/fileadmin/user_upload/publications/cd/Chemical-Safety/IUPACTOX1.pdf
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In toxicology, the median lethal dose,LD50 (abbreviation for “lethaldose, 50%”), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 (lethalconcentration & time) of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen
is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested populationafter a specified test duration.
LD50 figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance'sacute toxicity.
The mass of substance administered per unit mass of test subject,typically asmilligrams of substance perkilogram of body mass
EC50 (half maximal effective concentration)IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration)
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http://media.iupac.org/didac/Didac%20Eng/Didac01/frame%20Didac01.htm
http://media.iupac.org/didac/Didac%20Eng/Didac01/frame%20Didac01.htm
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Homework
• Select one element which could be found in
human body and briefly describe its function
• select one toxic element from periodic table
and briefly describe the character of toxicity
(the element or its compounds)
One nice sentence for element from human
body and one for the toxic one.