english hindi legal glossary - arcourts.gov

English/Hindi Legal Glossary 62

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1. DAMAGES - Money that the losing side must pay to the winning side to make up for losses or injuries. There are two kinds of damages: (1) "compensatory," meaning money to pay for the actual cost of an injury or loss; and (2) "punitive" or "exemplary," meaning an amount of money that's more than the actual damages. This is a punishment for willful or malicious acts.

2. DEADLY WEAPON – Any weapon, instrument or object that is capable of being used to inflict

death or great bodily injury. 3. DEATH PENALTY - Death imposed by the state as punishment for a serious crime. (See

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT.) 4. DEATH ROW - The area of a state or federal prison where criminals who are sentenced to death

are confined until their sentence is commuted or carried out. 5. DECEDENT – In criminal law, it means a murder victim; in probate law, it means a dead person. 6. DECISION - A court's judgment or decree that settles a dispute. (See also DECREE,

JUDGMENT.) 7. DECLARATION - A statement that a person writes and files with the court. It tells the judge why

the person should win the case. Sometimes, a person signs this under penalty of perjury. 8. DECLARATION OF PATERNITY – Form signed by unmarried parents, generally at the

hospital, where the parents declare who is the father of the child. 9. DECLARATORY JUDGMENT - A judgment of the court that explains what the existing law is

or expresses the opinion of the court without the need for enforcement. 10. DECREE - A court decision. It can be (1) "interlocutory," which means it is not a final decision,

or (2) "final," which means all issues of the case are settled. 11. DE FACTO PARENT – A person found by the court to have assumed, on a day-to-day basis, the

role of parent, fulfilling both the child's physical and psychological needs for care and affection, and who has assumed that role for a substantial period.

12. DE FACTO - To exercise power in a juvenile dependency case. Latin meaning "from the fact." 13. DEFAMATION - When one person hurts another person's character, fame, or reputation by

making false and malicious statements that are not protected by law. 14. DEFAULT - When a defendant in a civil case doesn't file an answer or go to court when they're

supposed to, but was properly notified. 15. DEFAULT JUDGMENT - A court decision in favor of the plaintiff when the defendant doesn't

answer or go to court when they're supposed to. 16. DEFENDANT - In a civil case, the person or company being sued. In a criminal or traffic case,

the person accused of the crime. 17. DEFENSE - In a civil case, the facts or arguments presented by the defendant to show why the


plaintiff doesn't have a right to the relief asked for. In a criminal case, the reasons why a defendant should not be convicted of the charge(s).

18. DEFENSE ATTORNEY - In a criminal case, the lawyer that represents the accused person

(called the "defendant"). 19. DEFRAUD – To make a misrepresentation of an existing material fact, knowing it to be false or

making it recklessly without regard to whether it is true or false. To practice fraud; to cheat or trick. To deprive a person of property or any interest, estate, or right by fraud, deceit or artifice.

20. DEGREE - Scope of an action or charge. 21. DELIBERATE - To consider all the evidence and arguments related to a case that were presented

in court. 22. DELIBERATION - When a jury, for either a civil or criminal case, goes into the jury room to

discuss the evidence and testimony and reach a verdict. 23. DELINQUENCY COURT - The division of the Juvenile Court hearing cases where juveniles

have been charged with committing a crime. 24. DELINQUENCY, JUVENILE - Antisocial behavior by a minor; especially behavior that would

be criminally punishable if the minor were an adult, but instead is usually punished by special laws pertaining only to minors.

25. DEMURRER - When a defendant says the facts presented by a plaintiff may be true, but they

aren't enough to prove the defendant's legal responsibility. 26. DENNIS H. – A hearing to determine if there is sufficient evidence to sustain a juvenile court

petition. 27. DE NOVO - Starting a case all over again as if it had not been heard before. In Latin, novo means

"new." (See TRIAL DE NOVO.) 28. DEPENDENCY COURT - The division of the Juvenile Court hearing cases of child abuse and

neglect. 29. DEPENDENT CHILD - In family law, this usually means a child that is financially supported by

another person. In juvenile law, this means a minor that is in the custody of the court because he or she was abused, neglected, or molested or is physically dangerous to the public because of a mental or physical disorder.

30. DEPORTATION - The act of removing a person to another country. Order issued by an

immigration judge, expelling an illegal resident from the United States. A deportation has certain consequences regarding the number of years within which a deportee may not legally immigrate. There are also criminal consequences for reentry within a prescribed time period.

31. DEPOSITION - Written or oral testimony given under oath in front of an authorized third person

like a court reporter. Depositions take place outside of the court. They allow the parties to get a record of a person's testimony, or to get testimony from a witness that lives far away. They can help the lawyers prepare their court papers called "pleadings." (See also DISCOVERY.)

32. DEPRIVATION OF CUSTODY - The court transfer of legal custody of a person from parents or

legal guardian to another person, agency, or institution. It may be temporary or permanent.


33. DEPUTY - One appointed to substitute for another with power to act for him in his name or on his behalf. For example, a Deputy County Clerk is appointed on behalf of the County Clerk.

34. DEPUTY D.A. - An assistant lawyer to the district attorney. 35. DESCENT AND DISTRIBUTION STATUTES - State laws that provide for the distribution of

estate property of a person who dies without a will. Same as INTESTACY LAWS. 36. DESTRUCTIVE DEVICE / EXPLOSIVE - any substance, the purpose of which is detonation

or rapid combustion, and which is capable of rapid release of gas and heat. 37. DETENTION - When a person is temporarily locked up until the court makes a final decision. 38. DETENTION HEARING - The initial hearing in Dependency Court soon after the child has

been removed from the parent. 39. DETERMINATE (SENTENCE) - Confinement for a fixed period as specified by statute. 40. DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED - Those persons, not psychotic, who are so

developmentally disabled from infancy or before reaching maturity that they are incapable of managing themselves and their affairs independently, with ordinary prudence, or of being taught to do so, and who require supervision, control, and care for their own welfare, or for the welfare of others, or for the welfare of the community. (Formerly termed "mentally retarded.")

41. DEVISE - A gift of real property by a will. 42. DEVISEE - A person who receives real property by will. 43. DIRECT EVIDENCE - Proof of facts by witnesses who saw acts done or heard words spoken. 44. DIRECT EXAMINATION - When a witness testifies and answers questions asked by the party

that asked them to testify. (Compare CROSS-EXAMINATION.) 45. DIRECTED VERDICT - An instruction by the judge to the jury to return a specific verdict. Now

called Judgment as a Matter of Law. 46. DISBARMENT - Form of discipline of a lawyer resulting in the loss (often permanently) of that

lawyer's right to practice law. It differs from censure (an official reprimand or condemnation) and from suspension (a temporary loss of the right to practice law).

47. DISCLAIM - To refuse a gift made in a will. 48. DISCLAIMER - The repudiation or renunciation of a claim or power vested in a person or which

he had formerly alleged to be his. The disavowal, denial, or renunciation of an interest, right, or property imputed to a person or alleged to be his.

49. DISCOVERY - The gathering of information (facts, documents, or testimony) before a case goes

to trial. Discovery is done in many ways, such as through depositions, interrogations, or requests for admissions. It can also be done through independent investigation or by talking with the other side's lawyer.

50. DISCOVERY MOTION - A motion to have evidence disclosed to the moving party. 51. DISCRIMINATION – An act which confers particular privileges on a class arbitrarily selected.


52. DISMISS - To terminate legal action involving outstanding charges against a defendant in a criminal case.

53. DISMISSAL WITH PREJUDICE - When a court dismisses a case and will not allow any other

suit to be filed on the same claim in the future. 54. DISMISSAL WITHOUT PREJUDICE - When a court dismisses a case, but will allow other

suits to be filed on the same claim. 55. DISORDERLY CONDUCT - Any behavior, contrary to law, which disturbs the public peace or

decorum, scandalizes the community, or shocks the public sense of morality. 56. DISPARITY – Marked difference in quantity or quality between two things. 57. DISPOSITION - The final decision by the court in a dispute. 58. DISPOSITIONAL HEARING – The hearing held after a petition is sustained (allegation found

true), to determine whether the child will become a dependent of the court, where the child will reside, and what reunification services, if any, will be provided to the parent.

59. DISSENT - To disagree. An appellate court opinion setting forth the minority view and outlining

the disagreement of one or more judges with the decision of the majority. 60. DISSOLUTION - A marriage that is ended by a judge's decision, also known as a "divorce."

(Compare NULLITY.) 61. DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE - The act of terminating a marriage; divorce; but the term

does not include annulment. 62. DISTINCTIVELY MARKED – A vehicle, operated by a peace officer, is “distinctively marked”

when in addition to a lighted red lamp and activated siren, the vehicle is of such appearance that a reasonable person would be able to recognize it as a peace officer’s vehicle, and a person fleeing is on reasonable notice that pursuit is by a peace officer.

63. DISTRICT ATTORNEY - A lawyer appointed or elected to represent the state in criminal cases

in his or her respective judicial districts. (See PROSECUTOR.) 64. DISTURBING THE PEACE - Conduct which tends to annoy all citizens, including unnecessary

and distracting noisemaking. 65. DIVERSION - Instead of going to jail, a defendant goes to a rehabilitation ("rehab") program and

is supervised by a probation officer. When the defendant finishes the program, the charges are dismissed and the defendant is not sentenced. (Compare ELECTRONIC MONITORING, HOME MONITORING.)

66. DIVORCE - A common name for a marriage that is legally ended. See DISSOLUTION. 67. DOCKET - A record with the complete history of each case a court hears. It contains short

chronological summaries of the court proceedings. 68. DOCKET NUMBER - Identification number that the court clerk's office gives a case. This

number is on all papers filed in the case. Also called CASE NUMBER. 69. DOE - Used in law courts, legal papers, etc., to refer to any person whose name is unknown.


70. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE - An assault committed by one member of a household against another.

71. DOMICILE - The place where a person has his or her permanent legal home. A person may have

several residences, but only one domicile. 72. DOUBLE JEOPARDY - The constitutional prohibition under the Fifth Amendment against a

person being put on trial more than once for the same offense. 73. DRIVE-BY MURDER - Murder perpetrated by means of discharging a firearm from a motor

vehicle intentionally at another person outside of the vehicle. When the perpetrator specifically intended to inflict death, the murder is of the first degree.

74. DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED (DWI) - The unlawful operation of a motor vehicle while

under the influence of drugs or alcohol. In some jurisdictions it is synonymous with DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE (DUI), but in others, driving while intoxicated is a more serious offense than driving under the influence.

75. DRUNK DRIVING - The operation of a vehicle in an impaired state after consuming alcohol that

when tested is above the state's legal alcohol limit. 76. DUE PROCESS OF LAW - The regular way that the law is administered through the courts. The

U.S. Constitution says that everyone has to have a day in court, has the right to be represented by a lawyer, and the right to benefit from court procedures that are speedy, fair, and impartial.

77. DURESS – Consists in any illegal imprisonment or threats of bodily harm in order to coerce the

will of another and inducing him to do an act contrary to his free will.


1) MSeStst+ % og /kujkf'k tks gkjus okys i{k ds }kjk thrus okys i{k dks igqaph

gkfu vFkok pksV dh iwfrZ djus ds fy, nsuh vko';d gksrh gSA

gtZkus dh nks fdLesa gSa & ¼1½ eqvkots ds :i esa] ftldk vFkZ gS

fdlh gkfu vFkok pksV ds okLrfod ewY; ds Hkqxrku ds fy,

/kujkf'k] rFkk ¼2½ tqekZus ds :i esa] ftldk vFkZ gS og /kujkf'k tks

okLrfod gkfu ls vf/kd gksrh gSA ;g tkucw> dj rFkk nqHkkZouk iw.kZ

d`R;ksa ds fy, ltk ds :i esa gksrh gSA

2) MSMyh oSiu % ,slk dksbZ gfFk;kj] ;a=k vFkok oLrq ftlds iz;ksx ls fdlh dh e`R;q

dh tk lds vFkok xaHkhj 'kkjhfjd pksV igqapkbZ tk ldsA

3) MSFk iSuYVh % xaHkhj vijk/kksa dh ltk ds :i esa jkT; }kjk fdlh dh e`R;q dks

dk;kZfUor djokukA

4) MSFk jks % jkT; vFkok la?k dkjkokl dk og {ks=k tgka e`R;qnaM dh ltk ikus

okys vijkf/k;ksa dks rc rd j[kk tkrk gS tc rd fd mudh ltk

dks de djus dk fopkj gks jgk gks vFkok mUgsa e`R;qnaM ns fn;k

tk,A

5) fMflMSaV % vkijkf/kd dkuwu esa bldk vFkZ gS] gR;k dk f'kdkj O;fDr][ izkscsV

dkuwu esa bldk vFkZ gS] ,d e`r O;fDrA

6) fMlhtu % fdlh >xM+s dks fuiVkus ds fy, vnkyr }kjk fn;k x;k fu.kZ;

vFkok fMØhA

7) fMDyjs'ku % fdlh O;fDr }kjk vnkyr esa nk;j fd;k x;k fyf[kr c;kuA ;g

tt dks ;g crkrk gS fd ml O;fDr dks eqvkotk D;ksa thruk

pkfg,A dHkh&dHkh fdlh O;fDr dks /kks[kk/kM+h dh lt+k ds :i esa bl

ij gLrk{kj djus iM+rs gSaA

8) fMDysjs'ku vkQ

iSVjfuVh

% vfookfgr ekrk&firk }kjk vDlj vLirky esa Hkjk tkus okyk QkeZ

ftlesa ekrk&firk ;g ?kksf"kr djrs gSa fd cPps dk firk dkSu gSA

9) fMDysjsVjh tteSaV % vnkyr dk og fu.kZ; ftlesa orZeku dkuwu dks Li"V fd;k tkrk gS

vFkok ykxw djus dh vko';drk ds vfrfjDr vnkyr dh jk; dks


O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA

10)

fMdjh % vnkyr dk fu.kZ;A ;g ¼1½ baVjyksD;wVjh gks ldrk gS ftldk vFkZ

gS fd ;g vafre fu.kZ; ugha gS vFkok ¼2½ QkbZuy gks ldrk gS]

ftldk vFkZ gS fd lHkh eqíksa dk fuiVkjk gks pqdk gSA

11)

Mh&QSDVks isjsaV % og O;fDr ftls vnkyr us nSfud vk/kkj ij cPps ds ekrk ;k firk

dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gq, ik;k tks cPps dh ns[kHkky vkSj Lusg ds fy,

'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ djrk gks vkSj tks ;g

Hkwfedk yacs le; ls fuHkk jgk gksA

12)

Mh QSDVks fMQses'ku % fdlh vkfJr ckyd ds eqdíes esa vf/kdkj dk iz;ksxA

13)

fMQses'ku % tc dksbZ O;fDr >wBs vkSj nqHkkZoukiw.kZ oDrO;ksa] ftUgsa dkuwuh lqj{kk

izkIr ugha gS] }kjk fdlh nwljs O;fDr ds pfj=k] izflf) vkSj lEeku

dks Bsl igqapkrk gSA

14)

fMQkYV % tc fdlh nhokuh eqdíes esa dksbZ izfroknh mfpr <ax ls lwfpr djus

ds ckn Hkh vnkyr esa mÙkj ugha nsrk vFkok is'kh okys fnu mifLFkr

ugha gksrkA

15)

fMQkYV tteSaV % oknh ds i{k esa ml le; fn;k x;k vnkyr dk fu.kZ; tc dksbZ

izfroknh vnkyr dks mÙkj ugha Hksrk vFkok is'kh okys fnu vnkyr esa

mifLFkr ugha gksrkA

16)

fMQSaMSaV % fdlh nhokuh eqdíes esa] og O;fDr vFkok daiuh ftlds fo:) eqdík

pyk;k tk jgk gksA fdlh vkijkf/kd vFkok VªSfQd laca/kh eqdíes esa]

og O;fDr ftl ij fdlh vijk/k dk vkjksi gksA

17)

fMQSal % fdlh nhokuh eqdíes esa] izfroknh }kjk ;g fn[kkus ds fy, is'k fd,

rF; vFkok rdZ fd oknh ekaxh xbZ jkgr dk gdnkj D;ksa ugha gSA

fdlh vkijkf/kd eqdíesa esa dkj.k fd izfroknh dks yxk, x, vkjksiksa

ds fy, nks"kh D;ksa ugha Bgjk;k tk,A

18)

fMQSal vVkuhZ % fdlh vkijkf/kd eqdíes esa] vkjksih O;fDr dk izfrfuf/kRo djus okyk

odhyA


19)

fMÝkSM % fdlh fo|erku egRoiw.kZ rF; dks xyr <ax ls is'k djuk] ;g tkurs

gq, Hkh fd ;g vlR; gS vFkok tYnckth esa bl ckr dk fopkj fd,

fcuk fd ;g lR; gS ;k vlR;A Ny diV djuk] Bxuk vFkok mYyw

cukukA fdlh O;fDr ls Ny diV] /kks[kk/kM+h }kjk mldh laifÙk vFkok

dksbZ fgr] tk;nkn vFkok vf/kdkj gfFk;kukA

20)

fMxjh % fdlh dk;Zokgh vFkok vkjksi dk dk;Z{ks=k

21)

MSyhczsV % fdlh eqdíes ls lacaf/kr vnkyr esa is'k fd, x, lHkh lcwrksa vkSj

rdks± ij fopkj&foe'kZ djukA

22)

MSyhczs'ku % tc fdlh fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL; pkgs nhokuh vFkok vkijkf/kd

eqdíeksa esa lcwrksa rFkk xokgh ij fopkj&foe'kZ djus ds fy, twjh&:e

esa tkrs gSa rFkk fdlh fu.kZ; ij igqaprs gSaA

23)

MSfyadqoSalh dksVZ % fdlh cky&vnkyr dk og foHkkx tks vijk/k ds vkjksih cPpksa ds

eqdíeksa dh lquokbZ djrk gSA

24)

MSfyadqoSalh] tqoSukbZy % fdlh voL;d }kjk lekt&fojks/kh O;ogkj] fo'ks"kdj ,slk O;ogkj

ftlds mls vkijkf/kd dkuwu ds vuqlkj ltk nh tkrh gS] ;fn og

O;Ld gksrk] ijrq bldh ctk, mls fo'ks"k rkSj ls cPpksa ds fy, cuk,

x, dkuwu ds vuqlkj gh lt+k nh tkrh gSA

25)

MSejj % tc dksbZ izfroknh ;g dgs fd oknh }kjk izLrqr rF; lR; gks ldrs gSa

ijUrq os izfroknh dks dkuwuh :i ls ftEesnkj Bgjkus ds fy, i;kZIr

ugha gSaA

26)

MSful gh;fjax % ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, dh xbZ lquokbZ fd D;k fdlh cky

vnkyr ;kfpdk cgky j[kus ds i;kZIr izek.k gSA

27)

Mhuksoks % fdlh eqdíes dh u, fljs ls iqu% lquokbZ djuk] tSls fd igys bldh

lquokbZ dh gh u xbZ gksA

28)

fMiSaMSalh dksVZ % cky vnkyr dk og foHkkx tks viekfur vkSj vogsfyr cPpksa ls

lacaf/kr eqdíeksa dh lquokbZ djrk gSA

29) fMiSaMSaV pkbZYM % ikfjokfjd dkuwu esa] bldk lk/kkj.k vFkZ gS og cPpk ftls fdlh


vU; O;fDr ls vkfFkZd lgk;rk feyrh gSA cky&dkuwu esa] bldk vFkZ

gS og voL;d tks vnkyr dh fgQktr esa gS D;ksafd mls viekfur]

vogsfyr vFkok ijs'kku fd;k x;k Fkk vFkok tks 'kkjhfjd :i ls

yksxksa ds fy, [krjukd gS D;ksafd og 'kkjhfjd vFkok ekufld chekjh

ls ihfM+r gSA

30)

fMiksVsZ'ku % fdlh O;fDr dks ,d ns'k ls nwljs ns'k esa Hkstus dh dk;ZokghA fdlh

bfexzs'ku tt }kjk tkjh vkns'k ds vk/kkj ij fdlh voS/k ukxfjd dks

la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ls fu"dkflr dj fn;k tkrk gSA fu"dklu ds

dqN ifj.kke gksrs gSa tSls fd o"kks± dh la[;k ftlds vanj og

fu"dkflr O;fDr dkwuuh :i ls iqu% okfil ugha vk ldrk gSA

fu/kkZfjr vof/k ds lekIr gksus ls igys iqu% izos'k ds dqN vkijkf/kd

ifj.kke Hkh gSaA

31)

fMikst+h'ku % fdlh rhljs vf/kd`r O;fDr] tSls vnkyr dk fjiksVZj] ds lkeus 'kiFk

ysdj ekSf[kd vFkok fyf[kr xokgh nsukA xokgh vnkyr ds ckgj nh

tkrh gSA bl izdkj eqdíes ds i{k ml O;fDr dh xokgh izkIr dj

ldrs gSa vFkok ml izR;{kn'khZ dh xokgh izkIr dj ldrs gSa tks dkQh

nwj jgrk gSA buls odhy viuh nyhysa rS;kj dj ldrs gSaA

32)

MSfizos'ku vkWQ dLVMh % vnkyr }kjk fdlh O;fDr dh dkuwuh fgQktr dh ftEesnkjh ekrk&firk

vFkok dkuwuh laj{kd ls gVkdj fdlh vU; O;fDr] ,tsalh vFkok

laLFkk dks lkSaiukA ;g vLFkkbZ vFkok LFkkbZ rkSj ij gks ldrh gSA

33)

fMiqVh % og O;fDr ftldh fu;qFdr fdlh vU; O;fDr ds fodYi ds :i es

adh xbZ gks vkSj ftls mlds uke ij ;k mldh txg dk;Z djus dk

vf/kdkj izkIr gksA mnkgj.k ds fy, dkÅaVh DydZ ds fodYi ds :i esa

fMiqVh dkÅaVh DydZ dh fu;qfDr dh tkrh gSA

34)

fMiqVh Mh-,- % ftys ds ljdkjh odhy dk lgk;d odhyA

35)

fMLlSaV ,s.M

fMLVªC;w'ku LVSP;wVl

% os izkarh; dkuwu ftuesa fdlh ,sls O;fDr dh tk;nkn ds caVokjs dk

izko/kku gS tks fcuk olh;r fd, ej x;k gksA


36)

fMLVªfDVo fMokbl @

,sDlIyksflo

% dksbZ Hkh ,slk inkFkZ ftldk mís'; foLQksV djuk vFkok vfXu }kjk

rRdky fouk'k djuk gks vkSj tks rRdky xSl vkSj rki NksM+ ldrk

gksA

37)

fMVSa'ku % tc fdlh O;fDr dks vnkyr ds vafre fu.kZ; rd vLFkk;h rkSj ij

tsy esa can dj fn;k tkrk gSA

38)

fMVSa'ku gh;fjax % fdlh cPps dks mlds ekrk&firk ls vyx djds rqjar ckn fMiSaMSalh

dksVZ esa izkjafHkd lquokbZA

39)

fMVehZusV ¼lSaVSal½ % dkuwu }kjk fu/kkZfjr fuf'pr vof/k ds fy, dkjkokl dh ltkA

40)

fMoSyieSaVyh fMLlscYM % os O;fDr tks euksjksxh ugha gSa vkSj tks cpiu ls gh vFkok O;Ldr

gksus ls igys ls gh fodflr rkSj ij brus vikfgt gksa fd os lk/kkj.k

lw>cw> ls viuk rFkk vius dk;ks± dk Bhd izca/k djus esa vleFkZ gksa

vFkok ,slk djus ds fy, ftUgsa fl[kkuk vlaHko gks vkSj ftudh

ns[kHkky] fu;a=k.k vkSj muds dY;k.k ds fy, /;ku nsus dh vko';drk

gks] vFkok vU; yksxksa ds dY;k.k vFkok leqnk; ds dY;k.k dh

vko';drk gksA

41)

fMokbZt+ % olh;r }kjk tk;nkn dk rksgQkA

42)

fMokbZth % og O;fDr tks olh;r }kjk rksgQs esa tk;nkn izkIr djrk gSA

43)

MkbZjSDV ,sohMSal % mu izR;{knf'kZ;ksa }kjk rF;ksa dh iqf"V djuk ftUgksaus viuh vka[kksa ls

fd, x, d`R;ksa dks ns[kk vkSj cksys x, 'kCnksa dks vius dkuksa ls lqukA

44)

MkbZjSDV ,sXtkehus'ku % tc dksbZ izR;{kn'khZ xokgh nsrs le; ml i{k ds iz'uksa dk mÙkj nsrk gS

ftlus mls xokgh nsus ds fy, cqyk;k gksA

45)

MkbZjSDVsM ofMZDV % tt ds }kjk fu.kkZ;d e.My dks nh xbZ og fgnk;r ftlesa mUgsa dksbZ

fo'ks"k fu.kZ; nsus dks dgk x;k gksA

46)

fMLckjeSaV % fdlh odhy ds fy, vuq'kklu dk og :i ftlds QyLo:i ml

odhy dk odkyr djus dk vf/kdkj ¼vDlj LFkk;h rkSj ij½ lekIr


gks tkrk gSA ;g lSa';ksj ¼vkSipkfjd izrkM+uk vFkok HkRlZuk½ rFkk

lLiSa'ku ¼odkyr djus ds vf/kdkj ij vLFkk;h jksd½ ls fHké gSA

47)

fMLdyse % fdlh olh;rukesa esa mfYyf[kr rksgQs dks Lohdkj djus ls badkj djuk

48)

fMLDysej % fdlh O;fDr }kjk vius nkos ;k vf/kdkj dk ifjR;kx djuk vFkok

ftls og igys viuk lgk;d dgrk FkkA fdlh O;fDr ds uke yxkbZ

xbZ vFkok rFkkdfFkr fdlh dh laifÙk vFkok fdlh fgr] vf/kdkj dk

ifjR;kx vFkok mls Lohdkj djus ls badkjA

49)

fMLDojh % eqdíes dh dk;Zokgh ls igys lwpuk ¼rF;] nLrkost vFkok xokgh½

,d=k djukA ;g lwpuk dbZ rjg ls ,d=k dh tkrh gS] tSls xokgh

ds }kjk] iwNrkN ds }kjk] vFkok LohdkjksfDr ds fy, izkFkZuk }kjkA ;g

dk;Z Lora=k Nkuchu vFkok fojks?kh i{k ds odhy ds lkFk ckrphr

djds Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA

50)

fMLDojh eks'ku % og ;kfpdk ftlesa oknh i{k dks izek.k ds ckjs esa tkudkjh iznku djus

dh izkFkZuk dh tkrh gSA

51)

fMfLØfeus'ku % og d`R; ftlds }kjk euethZ ls pqus x;s oxZ dks fo'ks"k vf/kdkj ns

fn, tk,aA

52)

fMlfel % fdlh vkijkf/kd eqdíes ls fdlh izfroknh ds fo:) yxk, x, vkjksiksa

okyh dkuwuh dk;Zokgh dks lekIr djukA

53)

fMlfely fon

izStwMkbZl

% tc dksbZ vnkyr fdlh eqdíes dks [kkfjt dj ns vkSj mUgha nkoksa ds

vk/kkj ij Hkfo"; esa nwljk eqdíek nk;j djus dh vkKk u nsA

54)

fMlfely fonkÅV

izStwMkbZl

% tc dksbZ vnkyr fcuk eqdíes dks [kkfjt dj nsrh gS ijUrq mlh nkos

ds vk/kkj ij vU; eqdíes nk;j djus dh vkKk ns nsrh gSA

55)

fMlvkSMZjuh d.MDV % dkuwu ds fo:) ,slk O;ogkj tks lkoZtfud 'kkafr ,oa O;oLFkk dks Hkax

djrk gS] leqnk; dks cnuke djrk gS vFkok tks yksxksa dh uSfrd

Hkkoukvksa dks Bsl igqapkrk gSA

56)

fMLiSfjVh % nks oLrqvksa dh ek=kk vkSj fo'ks"krk esa Li"V varjA


57)

fMLikst+h'ku % fdlh >xM+s esa vnkyr dk vafre fu.kZ;A

58)

fMLikst+h'kuy gh;fjax % fdlh ;kfpdk dks lgh ekuus ds ckn ¼vkjksiksa dks lR; ikdj½ ;g

fuf'pr djus ds fy, dh tkus okyh lquokbZ fd D;k cPpk vnkyr ds

vkJ; esa jgsxk] og dgka jgsxk rFkk ekrk&firk dks iquj&,dhdj.k dh

D;k lsok,a iznku dh tk;saxhA

59)

fMLlSaV % vlgefr izdV djukA fdlh vihyh; vnkyr dh jk; ftlesa vYier

dh jk; dks lEeq[k j[kk tkrk gS vkSj cgqer ds fu.kZ; ls ,d ;k ,d

ls vf/kd ttksa dh vlgefr dh :ijs[kk nh tkrh gSA

60)

fMLlksY;w'ku % og fookg tks fdlh tt ds fu.kZ; }kjk lekIr dj fn;k tkrk gSA bls

^MkbZokslZ ¼rykd½ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

61)

fMLlksY;w'ku vkWQ

eSfjt

% fdlh fookg dks lekIr djus dh dk;Zokgh] rykd

62)

fMlfVafDVoyh ekdZM % og okgu ftls iqfyl vf/kdkjh pyk jgk gks vkSj ftldh vyx gh

igpku gks] tc ml ij tyrh gqbZ yky cÙkh ds lkFk ctrk gqvk

lkbZju ns[kdj dksbZ Hkh le>nkj O;fDr tku tkrk gS fd og fdlh

'kkafr dk;e djus okys vf/kdkjh dk okgu gS vkSj dkuwu ls Hkkxus

okys O;fDr dks mfpr Hk; gks tkrk gS fd dksbZ iqfyl vf/kdkjh mldk

ihNk dj jgk gSA

63)

fMfLVªDV vVkuhZ % dksbZ iq:"k @ L=kh odhy ftls vius ftys esa vkijkf/kd eqdíeksa essa

jkT; dh vksj ls izfrfuf/kRo djus ds fy, fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS

vFkok pquk tkrk gSA

64)

fMLVjfcax nk ihl % ,slk O;ogkj tks lHkh ukxfjdksa dks ijs'kku dj ldrk gS rFkk ftlesa

vuko';d rFkk ?kcjkgV iSnk djus okyk 'kkSj 'kkfey gksrk gSA

65)

MkbZo'kZu % tc dksbZ izfroknh tsy tkus dh ctk, fdlh iquokZl dk;ZØe esa tkrk

gS vkSj mldk fujh{k.k fdlh izkscs'ku vf/kdkjh }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

tc izfroknh ml dk;ZØe dks iwjk dj ysrk gS rks mlds fo:)

vkjksiksa dks [kkfjt dj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj mls ltk ugha Hkqxruh


iM+rh gSA

66)

MkbZokslZ % ml fookg dk lk/kkj.k uke ftls dkuwuh izfØ;k }kjk lekIr dj fn;k

tkrk gSA

67)

MkSdsV % fdlh vnkyr }kjk lqus x, izR;sd eqdíes dk iw.kZ fooj.kA blesa ml

vnkyr dh dk;Zokgh dk oSfnd Øe laca/kh lkj lfEefyr gksrk gSA

68)

MkSdsV uEcj % dksVZ&DydZ ds n¶rj }kjk fdlh eqdíes dh igpku ds fy, ml ij

yxk;k x;k uEcjA ;g uEcj ml eqdíesa esa nk;j fd, x, lHkh

nLrkostksa ij yxk;k tkrk gSA

69)

fM~;w % bldk iz;ksx dkuwuh vnkyrksa dkuwuh nLrkostksa vkfn esa fdlh ,sls

O;fDr ds ckjs esa fd;k tkrk gS ftlds uke dk irk u gksA

70)

MkseSfLVd ok;ksySal % fdlh ifjokj ds ,d lnL; ds }kjk fdlh nwljs lnL; ds lkFk dh xbZ

ekjihVA

71)

MksehlkbZy % og LFkku tgka fdlh iq:"k @ L=kh ndk LFkkbZ fuokl gksA fdlh O;fDr

ds jgus ds vusd LFkku gks ldrs gSa ijUrq LFkk;h fuokl LFkku ,d gh

gksrk gSA

72)

Mcy ft;ksikMhZ % ,d gh vijk/k ds fy, ,d ls vf/kd ckj fdlh O;fDr ds fo:)

eqdíek pykus ds f[kykQ ikaposa la'kksa/ku esa laoS/kkfud jksdA

73)

MªkbZo&ckbZ eMZj % fdlh okgu ds vanj ls canwd&fiLrkSy vkfn ls okgu ls ckgj fdlh

O;fDr dh gR;kA ;fn gR;kjk tkucw> dj fo'ks"k bjkns ls gR;k djuk

pkgrk Fkk rks og gR;k igys ntsZ dh gR;k ekuh tk;sxhA

74)

MªkbZfoax OgkbZy

bUVkSDlhdsVsM

% fdlh u'khyh nok vFkok 'kjkc ds u'ks esa fdlh okgu dks xSj&dkuwuh

<ax ls pykukA

75)

fMªad MªkbZfoax % 'kjkc ds u'ks ls fcxM+h gkyr esa okgu pykuk vkSj ijh{k.k djus ij

vYdksgy dh ek=kk jkT; }kjk fu/kkZfjr lhek ls vf/kd ikbZ tkukA

76)

fM~;w izkSlSl vkQ ykW % vnkyrksa ds ek/;e ls dkuwu dks ykxw djokus dk fu;fer <axA la;qDr

jkT; vesfjdk ds lafo/kku esa dgk x;k gS fd ;fn fdlhdks fdlh fnu

vnkyr esa tkuk iM+s rks mls fdlh odhy dk izfrfuf/kRo izkIr djus

dk vf/kdkj gS rFkk vnkyr dh mu dk;Zokfg;ksa ls ykHkkfUor gksus dk


vf/kdkj gS tks rst&j¶rkj] U;k; laxr vkSj fu"i{k gSA

77)

M~;wjSl % xSj&dkuwuh :i ls fdlh dks canh cukuk vFkok fdlh dks bPNk cnyus

ij etcwj djus ds fy, 'kkjhfjd gkfu igqapkus dh /kedh nsuk rFkk

mldh bPNk ds foijhr dksbZ dke djokus esa ;g 'kkfey gksrh gSA


----E-----

1. EASEMENTS – A right of use over the property of another. 2. ELEAZER MOTION - A motion to require prosecution to disclose the whereabouts of an

informant or show that reasonable effort has been made to locate him. 3. ELECTRONIC MONITORING – Use of an electronic device to keep an eye on where a

sentenced person is in the community and to restrict his or her activities, instead of putting the person in jail. (See also HOME MONITORING).

4. ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY - includes, but is not limited to computer modem, magnetic

media, optical disk, facsimile machine, or telephone. 5. ELEMENTS OF A CRIME - Specific factors that define a crime which the prosecution must

prove beyond a reasonable doubt in order to obtain a conviction. The elements that must be proven are 1) that a crime has actually occurred, 2) that the accused intended the crime to happen, and 3) a timely relationship between the first two factors.

6. EMANCIPATION – A legal way for children to become adults before they are 18. Once a child is

emancipated, his or her parents don't have custody or control of him or her anymore. 7. EMBEZZLE - To willfully take or convert to one's own use, another's money or property, which

the wrongdoer initially acquired lawfully, because of some office, employment, or some position of trust.

8. EMBEZZLEMENT – Taking property by a person to whom the property has been entrusted. 9. EMINENT DOMAIN - The right of the state to take private property for public use after giving

fair compensation to the owner. 10. EN BANC - Court sessions where all the judges of a court participate, instead of the usual

number. For example, the U.S. circuit courts of appeals usually use panels of three judges, but all the judges in the court may decide certain matters together. When that happens, they are sitting "en banc" (sometimes spelled "in banc"). It comes from the French language and means "on the bench."

11. ENDORSE - To sign your name on a document to authorize its contents or transfer (as in a check

that is endorsed to transfer money). 12. ENDORSED-FILED COPIES - Copies of court papers that are stamped in the top right corner to

show when they are filed. (Compare with CERTIFIED COPY.) 13. ENDORSEMENT, FORGERY BY – Falsely writing or endorsing check to cheat another

person. 14. ENHANCE - To make greater in value, to increase. 15. ENHANCEMENT - An allegation added to a basic charge which, if proven, increases the basic

sentence. Example: “use of a gun in the commission of a crime” may be added to the felony charge.

16. ENJOINING - An order by the court telling a person to stop something.


17. ENTER A GUILTY PLEA - The formal statement before the court that the accused admits

committing the criminal act. 18. ENTRAPMENT - A defense to criminal charges alleging that agents of the government induced a

person to commit a crime he or she otherwise would not have committed. 19. ENTRY OF DEFAULT - The clerk's record that the defendant has defaulted by not answering, or

not answering on time. The plaintiff must request this record entry. 20. EQUAL PROTECTION - The guarantee in the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

that all persons be treated equally by the law. 21. EQUITABLE ACTION - An action which may be brought for the purpose of restraining the

threatened infliction of wrongs or injuries, and the prevention of threatened illegal action. 22. EQUITY - A system of law that supplements the statutory and case law and is based on principles

of what is "fair and right." 23. ERROR CORAM NOBIS - Petition filed in trial court seeking relief from conviction based on

new facts. 24. ERROR CORAM VOBIS - Petition filed in appellate court seeking relief from conviction based

on new facts. 25. ESCAPE BY FORCE OR VIOLENCE – Using force to escape from custody. 26. ESCHEAT (ES-CHET) - The process by which a deceased person's property goes to the state if

there is no will or no heirs. 27. ESCROW - Money or a written instrument such as a deed that, by agreement between two

parties, is held by a neutral third party (held in escrow) until all conditions of the agreement are met.

28. ESTATE - Everything a person (alive or dead) owns and owes. There are different types of

estates, like probate, nonprobate, trust and taxable estates. Probate estate: The property in someone's will. Or, if they do not have a will, the property the probate court handles. Nonprobate estate: The property the probate court does not handle. For example, if there's a trust or joint tenancy. Trust estate: Property in a trust. A trustee controls the trust. Taxable estate: The property subject to federal estate tax when a person dies. For example, life insurance.

29. ESTATE TAX - Generally, a tax on the privilege of transferring property to others after a person's

death. In addition to federal estate taxes, many states have their own estate taxes. 30. ESTOPPEL - An act or statement that prevents a person from later making claims to the contrary. 31. ET AL - In Latin, this means "and others." Refers to parties not included in the formal name of a

court case. 32. ET SEQ - An abbreviation for et sequentes, or et sequentia. Latin meaning "and the following,"

ordinarily used in referring to a section of statutes. 33. ET UX - In Latin, this means "and wife." 34. EVICTION - Recovery of land or rental property from another by legal process. (See

UNLAWFUL DETAINER.)


35. EVIDENCE - Any proof legally presented at trial through witnesses, records, and/or exhibits. 36. EVIDENCE, CIRCUMSTANTIAL - Conclusion drawn from proven facts. 37. EVIDENCE, DIRECT - Evidence in form of a witness's testimony, who actually saw, heard, or

touched the subject in question. 38. EVIDENCE, EVANESCENT - Evidence which can disappear relatively quickly, such as the

amount of alcohol in a person's blood. 39. EXAMINATION, DIRECT - The first examination of a witness by the counsel who called the

witness to testify. 40. EXAMINATION, RECROSS - A second examination of a witness by the opposing counsel after

the second examination (or redirect examination) by the counsel who called the witness to testify is completed.

41. EXAMINATION, REDIRECT - A second examination of a witness by the counsel who called

the witness to testify. This examination is usually focused on certain matters that were discussed by the opposing counsel's examination.

42. EXCEPTIONS - Declarations by either side in a civil or criminal case reserving the right to

appeal a judge's ruling upon a motion. Also, in regulatory cases, objections by either side to points made by the other side or to rulings by the agency or one of its hearing officers.

43. EXCESSIVE FORCE – Use of unreasonable amount of force by police officer. 44. EXCLUSION OF WITNESSES - An order of the court requiring all witnesses to remain outside

the courtroom until each is called to testify, except the plaintiff or defendant. The witnesses are ordered not to discuss their testimony with each other and may be held in contempt if they violate the order.

45. EXCLUSIONARY RULE - The rule preventing illegally obtained evidence to be used in any

trial. 46. EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION - The matter can only be filed in one court. 47. EX CONTRACTU - Arising from a contract. 48. EXCULPATORY EVIDENCE - Evidence which tends to indicate that a defendant did not

commit the alleged crime. 49. EXECUTE - (1) To carry out all terms of a contract or court order; (2) to sign (a document); (3)

to kill. 50. EXECUTION - The name of a court order issued to a sheriff, marshal, or constable authorizing

and requiring him to carry out the judgment of the court. 51. EXECUTION OF SENTENCE SUSPENDED - Imposing a sentence that will not be served.

This is frequently ordered in combination with grants of probation. If the defendant is subsequently found in violation of probation, the suspension will be lifted and the sentence carried out.

52. EXECUTOR - Person or company named in a will to carry out the will's instructions and

requests. The executor is usually supervised by the probate court.


53. EX DELICTO - Arising from a wrong, breach of duty. (See TORT.) 54. EXEMPLARY DAMAGES - Monies awarded to the plaintiff that exceed the normal or expected

amount. Serve as punishment for willful or malicious acts by the defendant, rather than act of negligence.

55. EXEMPLIFICATION - An extremely formal type of certification in which the Clerk signs the

certification of the document or record. The Presiding Judge then signs attesting to the fact of the identity of the Clerk, and that the signature is authentic. Finally, the Clerk signs again, this time attesting to the fact that the judge is a Judge of that county’s General Jurisdiction Court, and that the signature is authentic.

56. EXHIBIT - A document or an object shown and identified in court as evidence in a case. 57. EXHIBIT, PEOPLE'S - Exhibit and/or evidence that is offered by the prosecution. 58. EXONERATE - To clear of blame or to relieve from responsibility. 59. EX PARTE - A court procedure with only one side. For emergencies only. 60. EX PARTE PROCEEDING - The legal procedure in which only one side is represented. 61. EXPERT TESTIMONY - Testimony given in relation to some scientific, technical, or

professional matter by experts, i.e., person qualified to speak authoritatively by reason of their special training, skill, or familiarity with the subject.

62. EXPLOSIVE/DESTRUCTIVE DEVICE – Any substance, or combination of substances, the

primary or common purpose of which is detonation or rapid combustion, and which is capable of a relatively instantaneous or rapid release of gas and heat, or any substance, the primary purpose of which, when combined with others, is to form a substance capable of a relatively instantaneous or rapid release of gas and heat.

63. EX POST FACTO - Latin meaning, "after the fact." The Constitution prohibits the enactment of

ex post facto laws. These are laws that permit conviction and punishment for a lawful act performed before the law was changed and the act made illegal.

64. EXPUNGEMENT - Official and formal erasure of a record or partial contents of a record. 65. EXTENUATING CIRCUMSTANCES - Circumstances which render a crime less aggravated,

heinous, or reprehensible than it would otherwise be. 66. EXTORTION - The act of obtaining the property of another person through wrongful use of

actual or threatened force, violence, or fear. 67.EXTRADITION - Bringing a person that is in custody in one state to the authorities of another

state where that person has been accused or convicted of a crime. 68. EXTRAORDINARY WRIT - A court order, often issued by an appellate court, making available

remedies not regularly within the powers of lower courts. They include writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition and quo warranto.

69. EYE WITNESS - One who saw the act, fact, or transaction to which he or she testifies.


1) bZt+eSaVl % fdlh nwljs dh laifÙk dks iz;ksx djus dk vf/kdkjA

2) byht+j eks'ku % og izLrko ftlds }kjk vfHk;kstu i{k dks fdlh eq[kfcj dk irk

fBdkuk crykus ds fy, dgk tkrk gS vFkok ;g trkus ds fy, fd

mls <wa<us ds fy, mfpr iz;kl fd, x, gSaA

3) bySDVªksfud ekSuhVfjax % dksbZ ltk izkIr O;fDr leqnk; esa dgka gS] ml ij utj j[kus ds fy,

rFkk ml iq:"k @ L=kh dks tsy esa Mkyus dh vis{kk mldh xfrfof/k;ksa

dks lhfer djus ds fy, iz;ksx fd, tkus okyk bySDVªksfud ;a=kA

4) bySDVªkSfud VSDuksykWth % blesa 'kkfey gS] ijUrq ;g dEI;wVj ds fofHké :iksa] pqEcdh; ek/;eksa]

vkIVhdy fMLd] QSlhekbZy e'khu vFkok VsyhQksu rd lhfer ugha gSA

5) ,syheSaVl vkWQ ,

ØkbZe

% vijk/k dks ifjHkkf"kr djus okys os dkjd ftUgsa vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk

lansg dh mfpr lhek ls ijs rd fl) djuk vko';d gS rkfd

vijk/kh dks ltk fnyokbZ tk ldsA ftu rRoksa dks fl) djuk

vko';d gS os gSa] ¼1½ fd vijk/k okLro esa gqvk gS] ¼2½ fd vkjksih

vijk/k djus dk bjknk j[krk Fkk] rFkk ¼3½ igys nksuksa dkjdksa ds chp

lkef;d laca/kA

6) beSalhis'ku % cPpksa ds fy, 18 o"kZ dh vk;q ls igys O;Ld cuus dk dkuwuh <axA

,d ckj tc cPps dks cjh dj fn;k tkrk gS rks mlds ekrk&firk ml

yM+ds ;k yM+dh dks viuh fgQktr ;k fu;a=k.k esa ugha ysrsA

7) ,sEcSt+y % fdlh ds ml /ku vFkok laifÙk dks tkucw> dj ys ysuk vFkok vius

iz;ksx esa ykuk ftls ml vijk/kh us 'kq: esa fdlh in] ukSdjh vFkok

fdlh fo'oluh; fLFkfr ds dkj.k dkuwuh <ax ls gkfly fd;k FkkA

8) ,sEcSt+yeSaV % laifÙk dks ml O;fDr }kjk gfFk;k fy;k tkuk ftlds ikl ;g vekur

ds :i esa j[kh xbZ FkhA

9) ,seheSaV Mksesu % jkT; dk og vf/kdkj ftlds vUrxZr fdlh dh futh laifÙk dks

lkoZtfud iz;ksx ds fy, mlds ekfyd dks mfpr eqvkotk nsdj fy;k

tk ldrk gSA


10)

,su cSad % vnkyr dh os cSBdsa ftuesa ttksa dh lkekU; la[;k dh ctk, ml

vnkyr ds lHkh tt Hkkx ysrs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,] la;qDr jkT;

vesfjdk ds lfdZV dksVZl vkQ vihy lkekU; :i ls rhu ttksa ds

iSuy dk iz;ksx djrs gSa ijUrq dqN eqdíeksa esa rhuksa tt feydj

fu.kZ; ns ldrs gSaA tc dHkh ,slk gksrk gS rks dgk tkrk gS fd os ^,su

cSad* cSBs gSaA

11)

,sUMkst+Z % fdlh nLrkost dh fo"k; oLrq dks vf/kd`r vFkok gLrkafjr djus ds

fy, ml ij vius uke ds gLrk{kj djuk] ¼tSls /kujkf'k ds gLrka=k.k

ds fy, fdlh pSd dks ,sUMkst+Z fd;k tkrk gSA½

12)

,sUMkstZM& QkbZYM

dkSiht+

% vnkyrh nLrkost+ksa dh os udysa ftu ij nkbZ vksj lcls Åij fVdVsa

yxh gksrh gSa rkfd ;g irk py lds fd mUgsa dc nk;j fd;k x;k

FkkA

13)

,sUMkst+ZeSaV QkstZjh ckbZ % fdlh O;fDr dks Bxus ds fy, NyiwoZd pSd Hkjuk vFkok ml ij

gLrk{kj djukA

14)

,sUgSal % ewy vkjksi esa tksM+k x;k dksbZ vkjksi tks] ;fn fl) gks tk, rks] ewy

ltk dks c<+kok nsrk gSA tSls fdlh vijk/k ds d`R; esa canwd ds iz;ksx

dk vkjksi tksM+k tk ldrk gSA

16)

,sUtkS;fuax % vnkyr dk og vkns'k ftlds }kjk fdlh O;fDr dks dksbZ dke djus

ls jksdk tkrk gSA

17)

,sUVj , fxYVh Iyh % vnkyr ds le{k fn;k tkus okyk vkSipkfjd C;ku ftlesa vkjksih

vijk/k djus dks Lohdkj djrk gSA

18)

,sUVªSieSaV % izfroknh }kjk vius cpko esa fn;k x;k og C;ku ftlesa ;g vkjksi

yxk;k x;k gks fd ljdkjh ,tsaVksa esa fdlh O;fDr dks ykyp nsdj og


vijk/k djok;k vU;Fkk ftls og ugha dj ikrkA

19)

,saVªh vkQ fMQkYV % DydZ dk og fjdkMZ tks crkrk gS fd izfroknh us mÙkj u nsdj vFkok

le; ij mÙkj u nsdj fMQkYV fd;k gSA oknh dks bl fjdkMZ ,saVªh dh

ekax vo'; djuh pkfg,A

20)

bZDoy izksVSD'ku % la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ds lafo/kku esa 14osa la'kks/ku ds vuqlkj dkuwu

ds }kjk lHkh yksxksa ds lkFk lekurk dk O;ogkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

21)

bZDohVscy ,sD'ku % og dk;Zokgh tks mu vU;k;iw.kZ dk;ks± rFkk gkfu dks jksdus ds fy, dh

tk ldrh gS ftuds ckjs esa /kefd;ka nh tk pqdh gksaA

22)

bZfDoVh % og dkuwu iz.kkyh tks LVSpqVjh vkSj dsl&ykW dh iwjd gS vkSj tks ^D;k

mfpr vkSj Bhd gS* ds fl)karksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA

23)

,sjj dksje uksfcl % Vªk;y dksVZ esa nk;j dh xbZ og ;kfpdk ftlesa u, rF;ksa ds vk/kkj

ij nh xbZ lt+k ls jkgr ekaxh xbZ gksA

24)

,sjj dksje cksfcl % vihyh; vnkyr esa nk;j dh xbZ og ;kfpdk ftlesa u, rF;ksa ds

vk/kkj ij nh xbZ lt+k ls jkgr ekaxh xbZ gksA

25)

,sLdsi ckbZ QkslZ vkSj

ck;ksySal

% fgjklr ls Qjkj gksus ds fy, cy&iz;ksxA

26)

,sLphV % og izfØ;k ftlds }kjk fdlh e`rd dh laifÙk jkT; dks izkIr gksrh gS

;fn mlus dksbZ olh;r u NksM+h gks vkSj mldk dksbZ okfjl u gksA

27)

,sLØks % /kujkf'k vFkok dksbZ fyf[kr nLrkost tSls fd dksbZ bdjkjukek tks

nksuksa i{kksa ds chp lgefr ls fdlh rhljs rVLFk O;fDr ds ikl rc

rd j[kk jgrk gS tc rd dh mldh lkjh 'krs± iwjh ugha dh tkrhA

28)

,sLVsV % og izR;sd oLrq tks fdlh ¼thfor vFkok e`r½ O;fDr ds ikl gS ;k tks

mls nsuh gksrh gSA ,sLVsVl fHké&fHké izdkj dh gksrh gS tSls izkscsV]

uku&izkscsV] VªLV ,oa VSDlscy ,sLVsVA izkscsV ,sLVsV] fdlh dh olh;r

esa mfYyf[kr laifÙkA ;fn dksbZ olh;r u gks rks izkscsV dksVZ }kjk izca/k

dh tkus okyh laifÙkA uku&izkscsV ,sLVsV % og laifÙk ftldk izca/k

izkscsV dksVZ }kjk ugha fd;k tkrkA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;fn dksbZ VªLV

vFkok la;qDr iV~Vsnkjh gksA VªLV ,sLVsV % fdlh VªLV esa yxkbZ xbZ


laifÙkA VªLV dk fu;a=k.k fdlh VªLVh }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA VSDlscy

,sLVsV % og laifÙk ftl ij mlds Lokeh dh e`R;q ds le; QsMjy

,sLVsV VSDl ykxw gksrk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] thou chekA

29)

,sLVsV VSDl % lk/kkj.kr;k] fdlh O;fDr dh e`R;q ds ckn fdlh vU; dks laifÙk ds

gLrka=k.k ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkj ij yxus okyk VSDlA QSMjy ,sLVsV VSDl ds

vfrfjDr dbZ jkT;ksa }kjk vius&vius ,sLVsV VSDl yxk, tkrs gSaA

30)

,sLVksiy % dksbZ ,slh dk;Zokgh vFkok C;ku tks fdlh O;fDr dks ckn esa foijhr

nkok djus ls jksdrk gSA

31)

,sV ,sy % ykrhuh Hkk"kk esa bldk vFkZ gS] ÞrFkk vU;ßA ftldk vFkZ gS] os i{k

ftudks eqdíes ds vkSipkfjd uke esa lfEefyr ugha fd;k x;k gSA

32)

,sV flDo % ,sV lhDoSafVl* vFkok ^,sV lhDoSafV;k dk laf{kIr :i

33)

,sV~V vDl % ykrhuh Hkk"kk esa bldk vFkZ gS ÞrFkk iRuhß

34)

,sfoD'ku % dkuwuh izfØ;k }kjk fdlh ls viuh Hkwfe vFkok fdjk, ij gh xbZ

laifÙk [kkyh djokukA

35)

,sohMSal % dksbZ Hkh izek.k ftls Vªk;y esa izR;{knf{k;ksa] fjdkMZ vFkok izek.k laca/kh

nLrkostksa ds tfj, dkuwuh rkSj ij izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA

36)

,sohMSal]

ljdelVkaf'k;y

% izekf.kr fd, x, rF;ksa ls fudkyk x;k fu"d"kZA

37)

,sohMSal] MkbZjSDV % ml izR;{kn'khZ dh xokgh ds :i esa izek.k ftlus fopkjk/khu ?kVuk dks

Lo;a ns[kk] lquk vFkok tks mlds laidZ esa jgk gksA

38)

,sohMSal] boSulSaV % og izek.k tks vU; izek.kksa dh rqyuk esa 'kh?kz gh yqIr gks tkrk gS] tSls

fdlh ds jDr esa vYdksgy dh ek=kkA

39)

,sXt+kehus'ku] MkbZjSDV % fdlh izR;{kn'khZ ls ml odhy dh igyh ftjg ftlus mls xokgh ds

fy, cqyk;k gksA

40)

,sXt+kehus'ku] jhØkl % fdlh izR;{kn'khZ ls mldks is'k djus okys odhy dh nwljh ftjg ds

ckn foi{kh odhy dh nwljh ftjgA


41)

,sXt+kehus'ku]

jhMkbZjSDV

% fdlh izR;{kn'khZ ls mls is'k djus okys odhy dh nwljh ftjgA ;g

ftjg vDlj foi{kh odhy }kjk viuh ftjg esa mBk;s x, eqíksa ij

dsafnzr gksrh gSA

42)

,sDlSI'kul % fdlh nhokuh vFkok vkijkf/kd eqdíesa esa fdlh izLrko ij tku dj

fu.kZ; ds fo:) vihy ds vf/kdkj dks lqjf{kr j[krs gq, fdlh ,d

i{k dk C;kuA jSxwysVjh lquokbZ djus okys fdlh vf/kdkjh ds fu.kZ;ksa

ds izfr fdlh ,d i{k }kjk mBk, x, ,srjktA

43)

,sDlSflo QkslZ % fdlh iqfyl vf/kdkjh }kjk vuqfpr ek=k esa cy&iz;ksxA

44)

,sDlDywt+u vkWQ

foVuSlst+

% vnkyr dk og vkns'k ftlds }kjk oknh rFkk izfroknh dks NksM+dj

lHkh izR;{knf'kZ;ksa dks rc rd vnkyr ds dejs ls ckgj jgus ds fy,

dgk tkrk gS tc rd fd mUgsa ckjh&ckjh ls xokgh ds fy, cqyk;k u

tk,A izR;{knf'kZ;ksa dks ;g Hkh vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS fd os viuh xokgh

ds ckjs esa ,d&nwljs ls fopkj u djsa vkSj ;fn os bl vkns'k dk

mYya?ku djrs gS arks mUgsa vnkyr dh vogsyuk ds fy, tsy Hkstk tk

ldrk gSA

45)

,sDlDywt+ujh :y % voS/k :i ls izkIr fd, x, izek.k dks Vªk;y esa iz;ksx fd, tkus dks

jksdus ds fy, fu;eA

46)

,sDlDywflo

twfjLMD'ku

% fdlh fo"k; ij eqdíek dsoy ,d gh vnkyr esa gh nk;j fd;k tk

ldrk gSA

47)

,sDl dUVªSDVw % fdlh le>kSrs ls mRié gksus okykA

48)

,sDldYisVjh ,sohMSal % og izek.k ftlls izfroknh }kjk rFkk dfFkr vijk/k u fd, tkus dk

ladsr feyrk gksA

49)

,sDlhD;wV % ¼1½ fdlh le>kSrs vFkok vnkyrh vkns'k dh lHkh 'krks± dks ykxw

djuk] ¼2½ ¼fdlh nLrkost ij½ gLrk{kj djuk] ¼3½ Qkalh nsuk vFkok

gR;k djukA

50) ,sDlhD;w'ku % vnkyr }kjk ftys ds eq[; vf/kdkjh] ek'kZy vFkok flikgh ds uke


tkjh ml vkns'k dk uke ftlesa mUgsa vnkyr ds fu.kZ; dks ykxw djus

ds fy, dgk tkrk gSA

51)

,sDlhD;w'ku vkWQ

lSaVSal lLiSaMsM

% ,slh lt+k dk vkns'k nsuk ftls Hkqxruk ugha iM+rkA bldk vkns'k

le;≤ ij izkscs'ku ds vkns'k ds lkFk fn;k tkrk gSA ;fn ckn esa

izfroknh dks izkscs'ku dh 'krks± dk mYya?ku djrs gq, ik;k tk, rks lt+k

ij yxh jksd dks gVk fy;k tkrk gS vkSj ltk ykxw dj nh tkrh gSA

52)

,sDlhD;wVj % fdlh olh;r esa ukekafdr og O;fDr vFkok daiuh ftls ml olh;r

ds funsZ'kksa rFkk vkosnuksa dks ykxw djus ds fy, ukekafdr fd;k x;k

gksA ,sDlhD;wVj vDlj izkscsV dksVZ ds fujh{k.k esa jgrk gSA

53)

,sDl MSfYDVks % dÙkZO; ds vU;k;iw.kZ mYya?ku ls mRiéA

54)

,sDtSAIyjh MSestst+ % izfroknh dks lkekU; vFkok vk'kkrhr jkf'k ls vf/kd /kujkf'k;ka fn,

tkus dk vkns'kA izfroknh dks ykijokgh dh dk;Zokgh dh vis{kk

tkucw> dj nqHkkZoukiw.kZ d`R;ksa ds fy, ltk ds :i esa ,slk vkns'k

fn;k tkrk gSA

55)

,sXtSaIyhfQds'ku % vR;ar vkSipkfjd fdLe dk izek.khdj.k ftlesa izek.khdj.k ds fy,

nLrkost vFkok fjdkMZ ij DydZ gLrk{kj djrk gSA mlds ckn

ihBklhu tt ml DydZ dh igpku rFkk mlds gLrk{kjksa dks lR;kfir

djus ds fy, gLrk{kj djrk gSA

56)

,sXt+hfcV % fdlh eqdíeksa esa lcwr ds rkSj ij izLrqr ,oa vnkyr }kjk ekU; dksbZ

nLrkost vFkok oLrqA

57)

,sXt+hfcV] ihiy*l % vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk izLrqr ,sXt+hfcV rFkk vFkok lcwrA

58)

,sXt+ksujsV % vkjksi eqDr djuk vFkok mÙkj nkf;Ro ls NqVdkjk nsukA

59)

,sDliksVZ % dsoy ,d gh i{k dh mifLFkfr esa vnkyrh dk;Zfof/kA dsoy vkikr

fLFkfr;ksa ds fy,A

60) ,sDl ikVsZ izkslhfMax % og oS/kkfud dk;Zfof/k ftlesa dsoy ,d gh i{k dk izfrfuf/kRo gksrk


gSA

61)

,DliVZ VSLVheuh % fdlh oSKkfud] rduhdh vFkok O;kolkf;d fo"k; ds laca/k esa fdlh

ekfgj O;fDr vFkkZr tks vius fo'ks"k izf'k{k.k] fuiq.krk vFkok ml

fo"k; ds izfr tkudkjh ds vk/kkj ij odrO; nsus dh ;ksX;rk j[krk

gks] }kjk nh xbZ xokghA

62)

,sDLiykSflo @

fMLVªfDVo fMokbZl

% ,slk dksbZ inkFkZ vFkok inkFkks± dk feJ.k ftudk izkFkfed vFkok

lkekU; iz;ksx foLQksV vFkok rhoz ngu ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj

tks fdlh vU; inkFkZ dh vis{kk rRdky vFkok rhoz xfr ls xSl rFkk

rki NksM+us dh lkeF;Z j[krs gSa] vFkok dksbZ ,slk inkFkZ ftls vU;

inkFkks± ds lkFk feykdj ,slk inkFkZ cuk;k tk ldrk gS ftldk iz;ksx

nwljs inkFkks± dh vis{kk rRdky rhoz xfr ls xSl vkSj rki NksM+us ds

dkfcy gksA

63)

,sDl iksLV QSDVks % ykrhuh Hkk"kk esa bldk vFkZ gS ÞrF; ds cknßA lafo/kku esa ,sDl iksLV

iksLV QSDVks dkuwu cukus ij izfrca/k gSA ;s os dkuwu gSa tks mu

oS/kkfud dk;ks± ds fy, nks"kh Bgjk;s tkus rFkk ltk fnykus ds fy,

vkKk nsrs gSa ftUgsa dkuwu es ifjorZu dj voS/k ?kksf"kr djus ls igys

fd;k x;k FkkA

64)

,sDliateSaV % fdlh fjdkMZ vFkok mlds fdlh va'k esa iz'kklfud rFkk vkSipkfjd

rkSj ij dkaV&NkaV djukA

65)

,sdVSuq,fVax

ljdElVkalst

% os ifjfLFkfr;ka tks fdlh vijk/k dks vf/kd mxzrkiw.kZ] ?k`f.kr rFkk

fuUnuh; cukrh gSaA

66)

,sDVks'kZu % /kedh vFkok okLrfod cy iz;ksx }kjk fgalk vFkok Hk; fn[kkdj

vU;k;iw.kZ <ax ls fdlh nwljs dh laifÙk dks ysukA

67)

,DLVªkMh'ku % fdlh O;fDr dks ,d jkT; ls fdlh nwljs ,sls jkT; esa ys tkuk tgka

ml ij fdlh vijk/k dks djus dk vkjksi gS vFkok mls vijk/k ds

fy, ltk nh xbZ gSA

68)

,DLVªkvkSMhZujh fjV % vDlj vihyh; vnkyrsa }kjk tkjh fd, tkus okyk og vkns'k ftlds

}kjk os mipkj miyC/k djk, tkrs gSa tks fupyh vnkyrksa ds vf/kdkj


{ks=k esa ugha gksrsA buesa gSfc;l dkSjil] eSaMsel] izkSfgch'ku rFkk Doks

okjaVks tSlh ;kfpdk,a 'kkfey gksrh gSaA

69)

vkbZ foVuSl % og iq:"k vFkok L=kh ftlus fdlh d`R;] rF; rFkk ysu&nsu dks]

ftlds ckjs esa xokgh nsrs gSa] Lo;a viuh vka[kksa ls ns[kk gksA


------F------

1. FACTUAL BASIS - The underlying facts supporting a defendant’s guilty or NOLO CONTENDERE plea.

2. FACTUALLY INNOCENT - No reasonable cause exists to believe the person arrested committed

the offense. 3. FAILURE TO APPEAR - The act of not appearing in court after being presented with a subpoena

or summons. 4. FAILURE TO COMPLY - The act of not following an order that is directed by the court. 5. FAIR HEARING - A hearing in which certain rights are respected such as the right to present

evidence, to cross examine and to have findings supported by evidence. 6. FAIR MARKET VALUE – The cash value price that the property would have brought at the time

it was taken. 7. FALSE ARREST - Any unlawful physical restraint of another's personal liberty, whether or not

carried out by a peace officer. 8. FALSE IMPRISONMENT - The unlawful restraint by one person of another person's physical

liberty. 9. FALSE PRETENSES - Representation of some fact or circumstance which is not true and is

calculated to mislead, by which a person obtains another's money or goods. 10. FALSE TOKEN – Any tangible object or a document that is not genuine, is not what it appears or

claims to be, and is intended to be used and is used to deceive the person to whom it is presented. 11. FAMILY ALLOWANCE - A small amount of money kept from the estate of the deceased to

provide for the surviving family members during the administration of the estate. 12. FEDERAL EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY ACT – Federal workers’ compensation law which

protects railroad employees. 13. FEES - A specific amount of money that's paid in exchange for a service, such as filing a court

paper. 14. FEE SIMPLE - The most complete, unlimited form of ownership of real property, which lasts

until the current holder dies without an heir. 15. FEE WAIVER - Permission not to pay the court's filing fees. People with very low income can

ask the court clerk for a fee waiver form. 16. FELONY - A serious crime that can be punished by more than one year in prison or by death.

(Compare INFRACTION, MISDEMEANOR). 17. FELONY MURDER - A murder committed during the commission of a felony such as robbery,

burglary, or kidnapping.


18. FIDUCIARY - A person that acts for another person's benefit, like a trustee or guardian. It also means something that is based on a trust or confidence. (See also TRUSTEE.)

19. FIELD SOBRIETY TEST - A method of determining whether a person is intoxicated using a

motor skills test which is administered by testing the driver's speaking ability and/or physical coordination.

20. FIFTH AMENDMENT - Among other rights, the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

guarantees that a person cannot be forced to present self-incriminating testimony in a criminal proceeding.

21. FILE - When a person officially gives a paper to a court clerk and that paper becomes part of the

record of a case. 22. FIND GUILTY - For the judge or jury to determine and declare the guilt of the defendant. 23. FINDING - When a judicial officer or jury says something is a fact. 24. FINDINGS OF FACT - An oral or written statement by a judge after a review of the evidence

stating that the facts given are found to be true. 25. FINE - The money a person must pay as punishment for doing something illegal or for not doing

something they were supposed to do. 26. FINGERPRINT - The distinctive pattern of lines on human fingertips that are used as a method

of identification in criminal cases. 27. FIREARM - A weapon which acts by force of gunpowder, such as a rifle, shotgun or revolver. 28. FIRST APPEARANCE - The initial appearance of an arrested person before a judge to

determine whether there is probable cause for his or her arrest. Generally, the person comes before a judge within hours of the arrest, and are informed of the charges against him or her and of his or her rights to a preliminary hearing, to counsel, and to bail. No plea is asked for at this time. Also called INITIAL APPEARANCE.

29. FITNESS HEARING – A court hearing to decide if a juvenile (minor) should be tried as an

adult. 30. FORCIBLE AND ATROCIOUS CRIME – Any felony that by its nature and the manner of its

commission threatens, or is reasonably believed by the defendant to threaten life or great bodily injury so as to instill in him a reasonable fear of death or great bodily injury. Murder, mayhem, rape, and robbery are all forcible and atrocious crimes.

31. FORCIBLE ENTRY AND DETAINER - Ordinarily refers to a summary proceeding for

restoring possession of land to one who has been wrongfully deprived of possession. 32. FORECLOSURE - Procedure by which mortgaged property is sold on default of the mortgagor

in satisfaction of mortgage debt. 33. FORFEIT - To lose, or lose the right to. In Traffic – to forfeit means to enter an implied guilty

plea and pay total bail to close a case. 34. FORFEITURE - When a person must give up money or property because he or she didn't meet a

legal obligation. (See also BAIL FORFEITURE). 35. FORGERY - The act of claiming one's own writing to be that of another.


36. FORMAL PROBATION - Court-ordered terms and conditions placed upon a defendant instead

of a sentence. Formal probation involves supervision of the defendant by a probation officer. Summary probation involves no probation officer; the defendant is responsible directly to the court.

37. FORUM NON CONVENIENS - A doctrine patterned upon the right of the court in the exercise

of its equitable powers to refuse the imposition upon its jurisdiction of the trial of cases even through the venue is properly laid if it appears that for the convenience of litigants and witnesses and in the interest of justice the action should be instituted in another forum where the action might have been brought.

38. FOSTER CARE - A program that gives money to a person, family, or institution to raise

someone else's child. 39. FOUNDATION - In a trial, a foundation must be laid to establish the basis for the admissibility of

certain types of evidence. For example, an expert witnesses's qualifications must be shown before expert testimony will be admissible.

40. FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT - Among other matters, the 14th Amendment to the U.S.

Constitution prohibits states from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without adequate DUE PROCESS.

41. FRAUD - Deceiving someone on purpose in a way that financially hurts others.


1) QSDpqvy csfll % fdlh izfroknh dh nks"k & LohdkjksfDr ds leFkZu esa vUrjfufgr rF;A

2) QSDpqvyh bUukslsaV % fdlh fxj¶rkj fd, x, O;fDr dks vijk/k djus dk nks"kh ekuus ds

fy, dksbZ mfpr dkj.k u gksukA

3) QSY;ksj Vw vih;j % lEeu feyus ds ckn Hkh vnkyr esa mifLFkr u gksukA

4) QsY;ksj Vw dEIykbZ % vnkyr }kjk fn, x, funsZ'kkRed vkns'k dk ikyu u djukA

5) Qs;j gh;fjax % ,slh lquokbZ ftlesa dqN vf/kdkjksa dks lEeku fn;k tkrk gS] tSls

izek.k izLrqr djus dk vf/kdkj] ftjg djus dk vf/kdkjr Fkk lcwrksa

ij vk/kkfjr fu.kZ; izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjA

6) Qs;j ekdhZV oSY;w % fdlh laifÙk dk og udn ewY; tks mls izkIr djus ds le; mls cspus

ls izkIr gks ldrk FkkA

7) QkYl vjSLV % fdlh dh O;fDrxr Lora=krk ij voS/k 'kkjhfjd izfrca/k] pkgs og

fdlh 'kkafr dk;e j[kus okys vf/kdkjh }kjk gh D;ksa u yxk;k x;k

gksA

8) QkYl bfEiztueSaV % fdlh ,d O;fDr }kjk nwljs O;fDr dh 'kkjhfjd Lora=krk ij izfrca/k

yxkukA

9) QkYl fizVSalst+ % fdlh nwljs vFkok eky dks gfFk;kus ds mís'; ls fdlh rF; vFok

ifjfLFkfr dks vlR; :i ls rksM+&ejksM+ dj is'k djukA

10)

QkYl Vksdu % dksbZ ,slh Bksl oLrq vFkok dksbZ nLrkost tks vlyh ugha gS] oSlh ugha

gS tSlh ;g fn[kkbZ nsrh gS vFkok tSlh gksus dk nkok fd;k tkrk gS

rFkk ftldk iz;ksx ml O;fDr dks Bxus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS ftls

;g nh tkrh gSA

11)

QSfeyh ,ykÅal % fdlh e`rd dh tk;nkn dh O;oLFkk ds nkSjku tk;nkn esa ls mlds

ifjokj ds thfor lnL;ksa d xqtkjs ds fy, j[kh xbZ FkkM+h lh /ku

jkf'kA

12)

QSMjy ,saIykS;j*l

yk;fcfyVh ,DV

% la?kh; deZpkfj;ksa dks eqvkotk nsus dk dkuwu tks jsyos deZpkfj;ksa dks

lqj{kk iznku djrk gSA

13) Qhl % fdlh lsok ds cnys nh tkus okyh ,d fuf'pr /kujkf'k] tSls vnkyr


esa dksbZ nLrkost nk;j djus ds fy, QhlA

14)

Qh flEiy % fdlh okLrfod laifÙk ds LokfeRo dk og vR;kf/kd laiw.kZ vlhfer

Lo:i tks orZeku Lokeh dh e`R;q ds lkFk lekIr gks tkrk gS ;fn

mldk dksbZ okfjl u gksA

15)

Qh oscj % dksVZ Qhl dk Hkqxrku u djus dh vkKkA cgqr de vk; okys yksx

dksVZ DydZ ls Qh&oscj QkeZ dh ekax dj ldrs gSaA

16)

QSyuh % dksbZ xaHkhj vijk/k ftlds fy, ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd dh tsy dh ltk

vFkok Qkalh dh ltk nh tk ldrh gSA

17)

QSyuh eMZj % pksjh] MdSrh vFkok vigj.k tSls nq"deks± ds nkSjku dh xbZ gR;kA

18)

fQMqf'k;jh % og O;fDr tks fdlh nwljs ds ykHk ds fy, dk;Z djrk gS tSls VªLVh

vFkok laj{kdA bldk vFkZ ml fo"k;&oLrq ls Hkh gS tks VªLV vFkok

fo'okl ij vk/kkfjr gksA

19)

QhYM lksCjkbZVh VSLV % eksVj fLdyt VSLV ds iz;ksx }kjk ;g lqfuf'pr djus dk ,d <ax fd

fdlh O;fDr us u'kk dj j[kk gS ;k ugha] tks pkyd dh cksyus dh

lkeF;Z rFkk @ vFkok mldh 'kkjhfjd voLFkk ls ij[kk tkrk gSA

20)

fQ¶Fk veSaMeSaV % vU; vf/kdkjksa ds lkFk&lkFk] la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ds lafo/kku esa

ikapoka la'kks/ku bl ckr dh xkjaVh nsrk gS fd fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks

fdlh vkijkf/kd eqdíes esa vius f[kykQ xokgh nsus ds fy, etcwj

ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA

21)

QkbZy % tc dksZ O;fDr vf/kdkfjd rkSj ij dksbZ nLrkost dksVZ DydZ dks nsrk

gS rks og nLrkost ml eqdíes ds fjdkMZ dk vax cu tkrk gSA

22)

QkbZUM fxYVh % fdlh tt vFkok fu.kkZ;d e.My }kjk fdlh izfroknh dk nks"k fuf'pr

dj mls nks"kh ?kksf"kr djukA

23)

Qkb±fMax % tc dksbZ U;kf;d vf/kdkjh vFkok fu.kkZ;d e.My ;g dgs fd veqd

ckr lR; gSA

24)

QkbZfMaxl % izek.k ij iqufoZpkj ds ckn fdlh tt }kjk ekSf[kd vFkok fyf[kr

odrO; ftlesa dgk tkrk gS fd is'k fd, x, rF; lR; gSaA


25)

QkbZu % og /ku jkf'k tks fdlh O;fDr dks dksbZ voS/k dk;Z djus vFkok og

dk;Z u djus ds fy,] ftls djus ds fy, og mÙkjnk;h Fkk] dh ltk

ds :i esa pqdkuh vko';d gksrh gSA

26)

fQaxjfizaV % euq"; dh maxfy;ksa ds fljs ij js[kkvksa ds fHké&fHké uewus ftudk

iz;ksx vkijkf/kd eqdíeksa esa igpku j[kus dh fof/k ds :i esa fd;k

tkrk gSA

27)

Qk;jvkeZ % og gfFk;kj tks ck:n dh 'kfDr ls dk;Z djrk gS] tSls jkbZQy]

'kkVxu vFkok fjokYojA

28)

QLV vih;jSal % fxj¶rkj fd, x, fdlh iq:"k vFkok L=kh dh fdlh tt ds le{k] ;g

fuf'pr djus ds fy, fd D;k mldh fxj¶rkjh ds fy, laHkkfor dkj.k

gS] igyh ckj mifLFkfrA lkekU; rkSj ij ml O;fDr dks fxj¶rkjh ds

dqN gh ?kaVksa da vanj tt ds le{k is'k fd;k tkrk gS tgka mls mlds

fo:) vkjkiksa rFkk mlds vf/kdkjksa ls voxr djk;k tkrk gS tSls

izkFkfed lquokbZ dk vf/kdkj] odhy dh lsok ysus dk vf/kdkj rFkk

tekur dk vf/kdkjA bl le; dksbZ nyhy ugha lquh tkrh gSA

29)

fQVuSl gh;fjax % og vnkyrh lquokbZ ftlesa ;g fuf'pr fd;k tkrk gS fd D;k fdlh

cPps ds fo:) ,d O;Ld ds :i esa eqdík pyk;k tk ldrk gSA

30)

QkslhZcy ,s.M

,sVªksf'k;l ØkbZe

% dksbZ Hkh ,slk nq"deZ tks LoHkkfod rkSj ij rFkk ftls djus ds <ax ls

Hk;Hkhr djrk gS vFkok ftlds ckjs esa izfroknh dks mfpr rkSj ij

fo'okl gS fd mlls e`R;q vFkok xaHkhj 'kkjhfjd gkfu igqapkbZ tk

ldrh gSA gR;k] vax&Hkax] cykRdkj rFkk MdSrh vkfn lHkh cykr~ rFkk

Øwj vijk/k gSA

31)

QkslhZcy ,saVª ,s.M

fMVsuj

% lkekU;r;k bldk laa/k ml laf{kIr dk;Zokgh ls gS tks fdlh ,sls O;fDr

dks Hkwfe dk dCtk iqu% okfil fnykus ds fy, dh tkrh gS] ftlls og

vU;k;iw.kZ <ax ls gfFk;k yh xbZ FkhA

32)

QksjDykst+j % og izfØ;k ftlds }kjk fxjoh j[kh xbZ laifÙk dks mlds Lokeh }kjk

dtZ pqdkus esa pwd ds dkj.k csp fn;k tkrk gSA

33) QksjQhV % xaok nsuk vFkok fdlh oLrq ds izfr vf/kdkjdks xaok nsukA VªSfQd


dkuwu ds vUrxZr nks"k&LohdkjksfDr ds lk/ku dks xaok nsuk rFkk eqdíes

dks can djus ds fy, tekur dh iwjh jkf'k dk Hkqxrku djukA

34)

QksjQhpj % tc fdlh O;fDr ds fy, /ku vFkok laifÙk dk ifjR;kx vko';d gksrk

gS D;ksafd ml iq:"k @ L=kh us viuh oS/kkfud ftEesnkjh dks ugha

fuHkk;kA

35)

QkstZjh % fdlh O;fDr }kjk viuh fy[kkbZ dks fdlh vU; dh fy[kkbZ gksus dk

nkok djukA

36)

QkSeZy izkscs'ku % fdlh ltk dh ctk, vnkyr }kjk fdlh izfroknh ij yxkbZ xbZ 'krs±A

QkSeZy izkscs'ku ds vUrxZr izfroknh fdlh izkscs'ku vf/kdkjh ds fujh{k.k

esa jgrk gSA lejh izkscs'ku esa dksbZ izkscs'ku vf/kdkjh 'kkfey ugha gksrk

gS] izfroknh lh/kk vnkyr ds izfr mÙkjnk;h gksrk gSA

37)

Qksje uku dUohfu;al % og fl)kar tks vnkyr ds ml vf/kdkj ij vk/kkfjr gS ftlds

vuqlkj vnkyr vius mfpr vf/kdkjksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vius dk;Z

{ks=k esa eqdíeksa dh la[;k esa o`f) djus ls badkj dj ldrk gSA

gkykafd dk;Zokgh ds LFkku ij lkjs izca/k gSa] D;ksafd eqdíeksa ls lacaf/kr

yksxksa rFkk xokgksa dh lqfo/kk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, rFkk U;k; ds fgr

esa eqdíes dh dk;Zokgh fdlh vU; Qksje esa 'kq: dh tkuh pkfg, tgka

og dk;Z gqvk gksA

38)

QkSLVj ds;j % og dk;ZØe ftlds vUrxZr fdlh O;fDr] ifjokj vFkok laLFkk dks

fdlh vU; ds cPps dk ikyu iks"k.k ds fy, /kujkf'k nh tkrh gSA

39)

QkÅaMs'ku % fdlh Vªk;y esa dqN fuf'pr izdkj ds izek.kksa dh Lohdkjrk ds fy,

vk/kkj dh LFkkiuk dh tkuh pkfg,A mnkgj.k ds fy, fdlh ekfgj dh

xokgh dks Lohdkj djus ls igys mldh 'kS{kf.kd ;ksX;rk dks iznf'kZr

fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

40)

QksVhZUFk veSaMeSaV % vU; fo"k;ksa ds vfrfjDr] la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ds lafo/kku esa 14oka

la'kks/ku fcuk mfpr izfØ;k ds jkT; }kjk fdlh dk thou] Lora=krk

vFkok laifÙk Nhuus ij izfrca/k yxkrk gSA

41) ÝkSM % bjkns ds lkFk fdlh dks /kks[kk nsuk ftlls mls vkfFkZd gkfu gksA


------G-----

1. GAG ORDER - Orders restraining parties and counsel to a criminal proceeding from talking about the case to the press or public.

2. GAMBLING - The act of staking money, or other thing of value, on an uncertain event or

outcome. 3. GARNISH - To withhold a debtor's money, and turn it over to another in order to pay a debt.

Typically, the one withholding the money is the debtor's employer. 4. GARNISHMENT - A legal process that allows part of a person's wages or property to be withheld

for payment of a debt. 5. GENERAL ASSIGNMENT - The voluntary transfer, by a debtor, of all property to a trustee for

the benefit of all of his or her creditors. 6. GENERAL JURISDICTION - Refers to courts that have no limit on the types of criminal and

civil cases they may hear. 7. GLUE SNIFFING - The act of inhaling glue in order "to get high." 8. GOOD CAUSE - A good reason. For example, a person must have good cause (better than not

having a car or a baby-sitter ) for not coming to a court hearing. 9. GOOD FAITH - An honest belief, the absence of malice, and the absence of design to defraud. 10. GOOD SAMARITAN RULE - One who assists a person in imminent and serious danger, though

negligence of another cannot be charged with negligence in attempting a rescue. 11. GOOD TIME - A reduction in sentenced time in custody as a reward for good behavior. It

usually is one-third to one-half off the maximum sentence. 12. GRAND JURY - A group of 16 to 23 citizens that listen to the prosecutor's evidence of criminal

allegations and decide whether there is probable cause to believe a person committed a crime and to charge them with that crime.

13. GRAND THEFT - Taking and carrying away the personal property of another person of a value

in excess of an amount set by law with the intent to deprive the owner or possessor of it permanently.

14. GRANTOR OR SETTLOR - The person who sets up a trust. 15. GREAT BODILY INJURY – Injury which involves a substantial risk of death, serious

permanent disfigurement, or loss of function of any part of an organ of the body. Is a graver and more serious than ordinary battery.

16. GROSS NEGLIGENCE – A negligent act(s) which is reckless or flagrant and which is such a departure from conduct of an ordinary, prudent person under the same circumstances as to be contrary to a proper regard for human life or to constitute indifference to the consequences of those acts. The facts must be such that the consequences of the negligent act(s) could reasonably have been foreseen and it must appear that the death/danger to human life was not the result of


inattention or mistaken judgment, but the natural and probable result of reckless or flagrantly negligent act.

17. GROUNDS - A foundation or basis; points relied on. 18. GUARDIAN - A person appointed by will or by law to assume responsibility for incompetent

adults or minor children. If a parent dies, this will usually be the other parent. If both die, it probably will be a close relative. In Juvenile Dependency cases, once a guardian is appointed, dependency may be terminated.

19. GUARDIAN AD LITEM - An adult appointed by a court who represents a minor child or legally

incompetent person. (See also AD LITEM). 20. GUARDIANSHIP - A court proceeding where a judge chooses someone to care for a person

under age 18 or to manage the minor's estate (property), or both. In some states, conservatorship of an adult is called guardianship, but not in California. (Compare with CONSERVATORSHIP.)

21. GUILTY - A court decision that a defendant committed a crime. 22. GUILTY PLEA - When a person admits in court that he or she is guilty of a crime.


1) eSx vkMZj % fdlh vkijkf/kd eqdíes ls lacaf/kr i{kksa rFkk odhyksa ij izSl vFkok

vke turk ds lkFk eqdíes ds ckjs esa ckr djus ij ikcanhA

2) xSacfyax % fdlh vfuf'pr ?kVuk vFkok ifj.kke ij nko ds :i esa /ku vFkok

dksbZ ewY;oku oLrq yxkukA

3) xkfuZ'k % dtZ pqdrk djus ds fy, fdlh dtZnkj dh /kujkf'k dks jksd dj fdlh

nwljs dks nsukA bldk fo'ks"k mnkgj.k dtZnkj dks ukSdjh nsus okyk

mldh /ku jkf'k dks jksdukA

4) xkfuZ'keSaV % og dkuwuh izfØ;k ftlds vUrxZr fdlh O;fDr ds osru vFkok laifÙk

dk dqN Hkkx dks dtZ ds Hkqxrku ds fy, jksdus dh vuqefr gksrh gSA

5) tujy vlkbueSaV % fdlh dtZnkj }kjk LosPNk ls viuh lkjh laifÙk dks fdlh VªLVh ds

uke gLrkaf=kr djuk rkfd og mlds lHkh ysunkjksa dk Hkqxrku dj

ldsA

6) tujy twfjlfMD'ku % bldk laca/k mu vnkyrksa ls gS ftuds }kjk lqus tkus okys nhokuh

vFkok vkijkf/kd eqdíeksa dh fdLeksa dh dksbZ lhek ugha gksrhA

7) Xyw fLufQax % egRoiw.kZ fn[kkbZ nsus ds fy, Lokl }kjk ljsl dk lsou djukA

8) xqM dkSy % ,d vPNk dkj.kA mnkgj.k ds fy, fdlh O;fDr ds ikl vnkyr esa

vuqifLFkr jgus dk vPNk dkj.k gksuk pkfg,A

9) xqM QsFk % ,d bZekunkjh iw.kZ fo'okl] nqHkkZouk rFkk /kks[kk/kM+h dh ;kstuk dh

vuqifLFkfrA

10)

xqM lekfjVu :y % og O;fDr tks fdlh dh izR;{k rFkk xaHkhj [krjs ds le; lgk;rk

djrk gS ;|fi cpko ds iz;kl esa fdlh nwljs dh vlko/kkuh ds fy,

ml ij vlko/kkuh dk vkjksi ugha yxk;k tk ldrk gSA

11)

xqM VkbZe % vPNs O;ogkj ds ikfjrksf"kd ds :i esa tsy esa fgjklr dh vof/k esa

dehA blds }kjk vR;kf/kd ltk esa ,d&frgkbZ ls ysdj vk/kh ltk

de dj nh tkrh gSA


12)

iw.kZ fu.kkZ;de.My % 16 ls 23 ukxfjdksa dk ,d lewg tks fdlh O;fDr ds fo:) yxk, x,

vkijkf/kd nks"kksa ds ckjs esa vfHk;kstd ds izek.kksa dks ;g tkuus ds fy,

lqurs gSa fd D;k ml O;fDr us dksbZ vijk/k fd;k gS vkSj ml ij

nks"kkjksi.k djrs gSaA

13)

cM+h pksjh % dkuwu ds }kjk fuf'pr ewY; ls vf/kd ewY; dh fdlh vU; dh laifÙk

dks /kkjd dks lnk ds fy, blls oafpr djus dh n`f"V ls mBk dj ys

tkuk

14)

laLFkkid % fdlh fudk; dh LFkkiuk djus okyk O;fDr

15)

xaHkhj 'kkjhfjd ?kko % ,slk ?kko ftlls e`R;q dk [krjk gks] xaHkhj fLFkj dq:irk] ;k 'kjhj ds

fdlh vax }kjk dke can dj nsus dk [krjk jgrk gSA ;g lk/kkj.k pksV

ls vf/kd xaHkhj gksrk gSA

16)

?kksj ykijokgh % ykijokgh dk og dk;Z tks vfopkjh vkSj 'keZukd gks tks leku

ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,d lk/kkj.k O;fDr ds O;ogkj ls iw.kZr% fHké vkSj

ekuo thou ds fo:) vFkok ml dk;Z ds ifj.kke ds izfr ykijokghA

ftldk iwokZuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk Fkk vkSj ,slk izrhr gksuk pkfg, fd

e`R;qA eqR;q ds [krjs dk dkj.k vlko/kkuh vFkok xyr fu.kZ; ugha Fkk

cfYd bldk dkj.k 'keZukd ;k ?kksj ykijokgh dk dk;Z FkkA

17)

vk/kkj % uhao] os rdZ ftu ij Hkjkslk fd;k x;k gksA

18)/

19)

laj{kd % LosPNk vFkok dkuwu }kjk cPpksa vFkok v{ke O;Ld O;fDr;ksa ds fy,

mRrjnkf;Ro laHkkyus okyk O;fDrA ekrk&firk esa ls fdlh ,d dh e`R;q

ds ckn nwljk vDlj laj{kd gksrk gSA ;fn nksuksa dh e`R;q gks tk, rks

laHkor% dksbZ fudV laca/kh laj{kd gksxkA cPpksa dh fuHkZjrk ds ekeyksa

esa ,d ckj laj{kd dh fu;qfDr ds ckn fuHkZjrk dks lekIr dj fn;k

tkrk gSA

20)

,-dh- fyV~Ve % fdlh U;k;ky; }kjk fdlh f'k'kq vFkok dkuwuh rkSj ls v{ke O;fDr dk

izfrfuf/kRo djus ds fu;qDr fd;k x;k O;Ld O;fDrA vnkyrh dk;Zokgh


esa tc fdlh O;fDr dks 18 o"kZ ls de vk;q ds cPpksa dh tk;nknA

laifRr vFkok nksuksa dk /;ku j[kus ds fy, fu;qDr djrk gSA dqN

jkT;ksa esa O;Ldksa }kjk j{k djus dks laj{k.k dgk tkrk gSA ijUreq

dSyhQksfju;k esa ughaA

21)

nks"kh % vnkyr dk fu.kZ; fd cpkodÙkkZ us vijk/k fd;k FkkA

22)

nks"k dh LohdkjksfDr % vnkyr esa fdlh iq:"k ;k L=kh }kjk vijk/k djus dh ckr dks Lohdkj

djukA


-----H-----

1. HABEAS CORPUS - The name of a writ used to bring a person before a court or judge to decide whether that person is being unlawfully denied his or her freedom. The term comes from Latin.

2. HANDCUFFS - Chains or shackles for the hands to secure prisoners. 3. HARASSMENT - Words, gestures, and actions which tend to annoy, alarm, and verbally abuse

another person. 4. HARMLESS ERROR - An error committed during a trial that was corrected or was not serious

enough to affect the outcome of a trial and therefore was not sufficiently harmful (prejudicial) to be reversed on appeal.

5. HARVEY WAIVER – The facts, relating to a charge that was dismissed as part of a plea bargain,

are “related to” the particular charge for which the minor is being sentenced may be considered at the time of disposition.

6. HEARING - A formal court proceeding with the judge and opposing sides present, but no jury. 7. HEARING, CONTESTED - A hearing held for the purpose of deciding issues or fact of law that

both parties are disputing. 8. HEARING DE NOVO - A full, new hearing. 9. HEARING, PRELIMINARY - The hearing given to person accused of crime, by a magistrate or

judge, to determine whether there is enough evidence to warrant the confinement and holding to bail the person accused.

10. HEARSAY - Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question, but heard

about it from someone else. Hearsay usually can't be used as evidence in court. 11. HEIR - A person that has the right to inherit money or property from someone who dies without a

will. 12. HIT AND RUN - Crime in which the driver of a vehicle leaves the scene of an accident without

identifying himself or herself. 13. HITCH MOTION - A request to exclude evidence. 14. HOLDING CELL - A temporary location inside a courthouse where prisoners are held before

and after their court appearance. 15. HOLOGRAPHIC WILL - A handwritten will. The court needs to see proof of the person's

handwriting. No one has to witness or notarize a handwritten will. 16. HOME MONITORING - An alternative to imprisonment where an individual is confined to his

or her home and monitored electronically. 17. HOME SUPERVISION – Temporary house arrest for a minor while awaiting the court’s final

decision. Also used as punishment after the court’s final decision. 18. HOMICIDE - The unlawful killing of one human being by another.


19. HOSTILE WITNESS - A witness whose testimony is not favorable to the party who calls him or her as a witness. May be asked leading questions and may be cross-examined by the party who calls him or her to the stand.

20. HUNG JURY - A jury whose members cannot agree upon a verdict. 21. HYPOTHETICAL QUESTION - An imaginary situation, using facts previously admitted into

evidence, upon which an expert witness is permitted to give an opinion as to a condition resulting from the situation.


1) gSfc;l dkSjil % ,sls vkns'kksa dk uke ftldk iz;ksx fdlh O;fDr dks vnkyr vFkok tt

ds le{k ;g fu.kZ; djus ds fy, fd mls xSj dkuwuh <ax ls Lora=krk

ls oafpr fd;k tk jgk gSA ;g 'kCn ykrhuh Hkk"kk ls vk;k gSA

2) gFkdM+h % dSfn;ksa dks dkcw esa j[kus ds fy, gkFkksa esa Mkyh tkus okyh tathj

3) ijs'kkuh % ,sls 'kCn] ladsr vkSj dk;Z ftuls fdlh vU; dks [kh> gks vkSj ok.kh

}kjk fdlh vU; dks xkfy;ka nsukA

4) gkfujfgr Hkwy % eqdíesa dh lquokbZ ds nkSjku dh xbZ ,slh Hkwy ftls lq/kkj fy;k x;k

vFkok tks eqdíes ds ifj.kke dks izHkkfor djus ds fy, vf/kd vihy

ds ckn cnyuk iM+sA

5) gkjos osoj % [kkfjt fd, x, nks"k ls lacaf/kr rF; ftu ij fdlh ckyd ds nks"k ds

fy, ltk nsrs le; nyhyksa ds :i esa fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA

6) lquokbZ % fu.kkZ;d e.My ds fcuk tt rFkk ijLij fojks/kh i{kksa dh mifLFkfr esa

vnkyr dh vkSipkfjr dk;ZokghA

7) lquokbZ ds fo:)

rdZ

% fdUgha ,sls eqíksa vFkok dkuwuh rF;ksa ds ckjs esa fu.kZ; nsus ds fy, dh

xbZ lquokbZ ftu ij nksuksa i{kksa esa erHksn gksaA

8) gh;fjax Mh uksoks

¼ubZ lquokbZ½

% iw.kZ :i ls u, fljs ls lquokbZ

9) izkjafHkd lquokbZ % fdlh eftLVªsV ;k tt }kjk ;g tkuus ds fy, fd nks"kh O;fDr dks

fgjklr esa j[kus ;k tekur ij fjgk djus ds fy, D;k i;kZIr izek.k

gSa] nks"kh dh ckr dks lquukA

10)

lquh&lqukbZ ckr % fdlh ,sls xokg dk C;ku ftlus ?kVuk dks Lo;a ugha ns[kk vkSj u gh

lquk cfYd mldks ?kVuk dh tkudkjh fdlh vU; ls izkIr gqbZA

lquh&lqukbZ ckr dks vDlj vnkyr esa Xokgh ds :i esa Lohdkj ugha

fd;k tkrk gSA

11)

mÙkjkf/kdkjh % dksbZ ,slk O;fDr tks fdlh dh fcuk fojklrukek fy[ks e`R;q ds ckn

mlds /ku vkSj laifÙk dks fojklr esa ikus dk vf/kdkjh gksA

12) VDdj ekj dj Hkkx % ,slk vijk/k ftlesa fdlh okgu dk pkyd iq:"k@L=kh viuh igpku


tkuk crk, fcuk nq?kZVuk okys LFkku ls pyk tk,A

13)

fgp eks'ku % xokgh dks lfEefyr u djus ds fy, izkFkZuk

14)

gksfYMax lSy % vnkyr Hkou ds vanj ,d vLFk;h txg tgka dSfn;ksa dks vnkyr esa

is'kh ls igys vkSj ckn esa j[kk tkrk gSA

%

15)

gksyksxzkfQd foy % gLrfyf[kr fojklrukekA vnkyr dks ml O;fDr dh fy[kbZ dk izek.k

ns[kuk iM+rk gSA fojklr ukes ds ckjs esa fdlh dh xokgh vFkok ntZ

djokus dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA

16)

gkse eksuhVfjax ¼?kjsyw

fujh{k.k½

% tsy dk oSdfYid LFkku tgka fdlh iq:"k@L=kh dks vius gh ?kj esa

fgjklr esa j[kk tkrk gS vkSj bysDVªksfud ek/;e ls ml ij utj j[kh

tkrh gSA

17)

gkse lqijoht+u % vnkyr ds vafre fu.kZ; vkus rd fdlh ckyd dks vLFkkbZ

utjcanh@vnkyr ds vafre fu.kZ; ds ckn ltk ds :i esa Hkh bldk

iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

18)

gksehlkbZM ¼uj&gR;k½ % fdlh euq"; dh fdlh nwljs euq"; }kjk xSj&dkuwuh :i ls gR;kA

19)

gkSLVkbZy foVuSl

¼fojks/kh xokg½

% ,d ,sls iq:"k@L=kh dh xokgh tks mls xokgh ds fy, cqykus okys ds

i{k esa u gksA mlls t:jh iz'u iwNs tk ldrs gSa rFkk mls xokgh ds

fy, cqykus okyk i{k mlls ftjg dj ldrk gSA

20)

gax twjh % ,slk fu.kkZ;d e.My ftlds lnL; fdlh QSlys ij lger u gksaA

21)

gkbZiksFkSVhdy iz'u % igys nh xbZ xokgh esa Lohd`r rF;ksa }kjk fufeZr ,slh ifjfLFkfr ftlds

vk/kkj ij ml ifjfLFkfr ls mRiUu n'kk ds ckjs esa ekfgj xokg ds

fopkj fy, tkus dh vuqefr gksrh gSA


----I-----

1. IDIOCY- It is the complete absence of mind that is generally the result of a birth defect rather than a disease.

2. IGNORANCE OF FACT- The lack of knowledge of some fact or facts relating to the subject

matter at hand. May sometimes be used as a defense or ground for relief. 3. ILLEGAL - Against, or not authorized by law. 4. IMMINENT PERIL – Certain, immediate, and impending danger. 5. IMMUNITY - A right to be excepted from duty or penalty. (See also PRIVILEGE.) 6. IMPANEL - To seat a jury. When voir dire is finished and both sides have exercised their

challenges, the jury is impaneled. The jurors are sworn in and the trial is ready to proceed. 7. IMPEACHMENT OF WITNESS - To call into question the truthfulness of a witness. 8. IMPLIED – Where intention is not manifested by explicit words, but is gathered by implication. 9. IMPLIED CONTRACT - A contract in which the promise made by on party is not expressed,

but inferred by that party's conduct or is implied in law. 10. IMPOUND - To take and keep an animal or an object in custody. 11. IMPRISONMENT – The act of putting or confining a man in prison, or the restraint of a man’s

personal liberty. 12. INADMISSIBLE - Cannot be admitted as evidence in a trial or hearing. 13. IN CAMERA - A hearing held in the judge's chambers or in a court with all spectators (including

the jury) excluded. From the Latin that means "in chamber.” 14. INCAPACITY - The lack of power or the legal ability to act. 15. INCARCERATE - To put in jail or prison. 16. INCEST - Sexual intercourse between persons so closely related that marriage between them

would be unlawful. 17. INCOMPETENCY - Lack of capacity to understand the nature and object of the proceedings, to

consult with counsel, and to assist in preparing a defense. 18. INCRIMINATE - To hold yourself or another person responsible for criminal actions. 19. INDECENT EXPOSURE - Showing private body parts in a lewd or indecent manner in a public

place. 20. NDEMNIFY - Liability for loss is shifted from one person held legally responsible to another. 21. INDEMNITY - An obligation to provide compensation (usually money) for a loss, hurt or

damage.


22. NDEPENDENT EXECUTOR - A special kind of executor, permitted by the laws of certain

states, who performs the duties of an executor without intervention by the court. 23. INDETERMINATE SENTENCE - A sentence of imprisonment to a specified minimum and

maximum period of time, specifically authorized by statute, subject to termination by a parole board or other authorized agency after the prisoner has served the minimum term.

24. INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ACT (ICWA) - Federal law to protect the integrity of Indian

families. 25. INDICTMENT - A formal charge by a grand jury saying there is enough evidence that the

defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial. Used primarily for felonies. 26. INDIGENT - A person who is poor, needy, and has no one to look to for support. 27. INDIVIDUAL EDUCATION PLAN (IEP): Plan for a student who is entitled to special

education services. 28. INDORSEMENT - That which is written on the back of a negotiable instrument. It is also used

with reference to writs, insurance policies, certificates of stocks, etc. 29. IN FORMA PAUPERIS - When the court says a person does not have to pay a filing fee because

the person can't afford it. In Latin, means "in the manner of a pauper.” 30. INFORMANT - An undisclosed person who confidentially discloses material information of a

crime to the police, which is usually done in exchange for a reward or special treatment. 31. INFORMATION - A written accusation charging a person with a crime. It is presented in court

by a prosecuting officer under oath and does not come from a grand jury. 32. NFRACTION - A minor violation of a law, contract, or right that is not a misdemeanor or a

felony and can't be punished by time in prison. Minor traffic offenses are generally considered infractions.

33. INHABITED – Act of residing actually and permanently in a given place or dwelling.

Synonymous with domicile, dwell, live, sojourn. 34. INHABITED DWELLING – A structure which is currently used as a residence whether

occupied or not. Courts flexibly interpret this term. It is still inhabited even if the occupants are temporarily absent.

35. INHERITANCE TAX - A state tax on property that an heir or beneficiary under a will receives

from a deceased person's estate. The heir or beneficiary pays this tax. 36. INITIAL APPEARANCE - In criminal law, the hearing at which a judge determines whether

there is sufficient evidence against a person charged with a crime to hold him or her for trial. The Constitution bans secret accusations, so initial appearances are public unless the defendant asks otherwise; the accused must be present, though he or she usually does not offer evidence. Also called FIRST APPEARANCE.

37. INJUNCTION - A court order that says a defendant can't perform, or must perform, a specific

act. (See RESTRAINING ORDER.) 38. IN LOCO PARENTIS - Latin meaning "in the place of the parent." Refers to actions of a

custodian, guardian, or other person acting in the parent's place.


39. INMATE - A person confined to a prison, penitentiary, or jail. 40. INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY - A belief in the American legal system which states

that all people accused of a criminal act are considered not to have committed the crime until the evidence leaves no doubt in the mind of the court or the jury that the accused did or did not commit the crime.

41. IN PERSONAM - An act or proceeding done or directed against or with reference to a specific

person. 42. IN PROPIA PERSONA (IN PRO PER) - When a person represents himself or herself without a

lawyer. This comes from the Latin for "in one's own proper person." (See also PRO PER AND PRO SE.)

43. IN REM - A procedural term used to designate proceedings or actions instituted against the thing

in contrast to actions instituted IN PERSONAM or against the person. 44. INSANITY PLEA - A claim by a defendant that he or she lacks the soundness of mind required

by law to accept responsibility for a criminal act. 45. INSTRUCTIONS - The explanation of constitutional rights given by a judge to a defendant. 46. INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Property that you own, but do not physically have. For example,

stocks, bonds, bank accounts, copyrights, patents, etc. 47. INTENT - The purpose to use a particular means to bring about a certain result. 48. INTENT TO DEFRAUD –To have in mind a purpose to cheat or trick someone. For example,

purposely writing a bad check. 49. INTER ALIA - Among other things. 50. INTER VIVOS GIFT - A gift made during the giver's life. 51. INTER VIVOS TRUST - A trust made while the owner is still alive. Another name for a living

trust. 52 INTERLINEATIONS - The act of writing between the lines of a document. 53. INTERLOCUTORY - Provisional; not final. An interlocutory appeal concerns only a part of the

issues raised in a lawsuit. (Compare to DECREE.) 54. INTERPLEADER - When two or more people say they have a claim to the same thing held by a

third party. The third party may force them to go to trial with each other to settle their dispute. 55. INTERPRETER - A person who is certified as being able to translate, orally or in writing,

spoken or sign language into the common language of the court. 56. NTERROGATORIES - Written questions asked by one party in a lawsuit for which the

opposing party must answer them in writing. 57. INTERVENOR - A person who voluntarily interrupts in an action or other proceeding with the

leave of the court.


58. INTERVENTION - An action by which a third person who may be affected by a lawsuit is permitted to become a party to the suit. Differs from the process of becoming an AMICUS CURIAE.

59. INTESTACY LAWS - See DESCENT AND DISTRIBUTION STATUTES. 60. INTESTATE - To die without making a will or leaving instructions for disposal of your property

after death. (See TESTATE.) 61. NTESTATE SUCCESSION - The process by which the property of a person who has died

without a will passes on to others according to state law. 62. INTOXICATION – A diminished ability to act with full mental and physical capabilities because

of alcohol or drug consumption; drunkenness. 63. INTRODUCTORY INSTRUCTIONS – Pre-trial admonitions or statements by judge or other

court official that explain to the jury, lawyers, and/ or audience their duties, and obligations during court proceedings.

64. INVESTIGATION - A legal inquiry to discover and collect facts concerning a certain matter. 65. INVOLUNTARY MANSLAUGHTER – The unlawful killing of a human being in which there

is no intention to kill or do grievous bodily harm, but that is committed with criminal negligence or during the commission of a crime not included within the felony murder rule. (Also called negligent manslaughter.)

66. INVOLUNTARY INTOXICATION – The ingestion of alcohol or drugs against one’s will or

without ones knowledge. This may be used as an affirmative defense to a criminal negligence charge.

67. IRRELEVANT - Evidence not sufficiently related to the matter at issue. 68. IRREVOCABLE TRUST - A trust that cannot be changed or cancelled after it is made. 69. ISSUE - 1) The disputed point in a disagreement between parties in a lawsuit. 2) To send out

officially, as when a court issues an order.


1) bZfM;kslh ¼tM+rk½ % ;g ckSf)d 'kfä dh iw.kZ vfLrRoghurk gS tks vDlj fdlh chekjh dh

vis{kk tUetkr =kqfV ds dkj.k gksrh gSA

2) rF; dh vufHkKrk % ;g gkFk esa fy, x, fo"k;&oLrq ls lacaf/kr rF;ksa dh tkudkjh dh deh

gSA dHkh&dHkh bldk mi;ksx cpko vFkok jkgr izkIr djus ds fy,

fd;k tk ldrk gSA

3) xSj&dkuwuh % dkuwu ds fo:) vFkok dkuwu }kjk vuf/kd`r

4) Li"V [krjk % rkRdkfyd ,oa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyk fuf'pr [krjk

5) bE;fuVh izfrj{kk % dÙkZO; vFkok n.M ls cpus dk vf/kdkjA

6) bEiSuy % fu.kkZ;d e.My dk xgu djukA nksuksa i{kksa ds }kjk viuk&viuk nkok

is'k fd, tkus ds ckn fu.kkZ;d e.My dk xBu fd;k tkrk gSA

fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL;ksa dks 'kiFk fnykbZ tkrh gS vkSj eqdíek vkxs

c<+us ds fy, rS;kj gksrk gSA

7) bEihpeSaV vkWQ

foVuSl

% xokg ds lR;oknh gksus ij iz'u mBkukA

8) bEiykbZM ¼vUrj

fufgr½

% tgka mís'; dh tkudkjh Li"V 'kCnksa ls ugha cfYd rkRi;Z ls gksrh gSA

9) bEiykbZM dkUVªSDV % ,slk le>kSrk ftlesa fdlh ,d i{k }kjk fn;k x;k opu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr

ugha gksrk cfYd ml i{k ds O;ogkj ls bldk vuqeku yxk;k tkrk gS

;k dkuwu esa fufgr gksrk gSA

10)

bEikaÅM ¼tCr

djuk½

% fdlh i'kq vFkok fdlh oLrq dks ys tkdj fgjklr esa j[kukA

11)

bfEiztueSaV ¼tsy esa

cn djuk½

% fdlh O;fDr dks tsy esa can djuk vFkok mldh O;fDrxr Lora=krk ij

jksd yxkukA

12)

bu,sMfelhcy

¼vekU;½

% fdlh eqdíesa esa ftls xokgh ds rkSj ij Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk

gSA

13)

bu&dSejk ¼can dejs

esa½

% tt ds pSEcj vFkok vnkyr ds dejs esa lquokbZ tgka n'kZd rFkk

fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL; mifLFkr u gksaA


14)

vleFkZrk % dk;Z djus ds fy, vko';d 'kfDr ;k dkuwuh lkeF;Z dh dehA

15)

budkjkcsV ¼canh

cukuk½

% tsy ;k dSn[kkus esa MkyukA

16)

bulSLV % nks ,sls fudV lacaf/k;ksa ds chp ySafxd laHkksx ftuds chp fookg dkuwuh

:i ls voS/k gSA

17)

budEihVSalh

¼v;ksX;rk½

% eqdís ds :i vkSj mís'; dks le>us dh odhy ds lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ

djus dh vkSj cpko ds fy, vk/kkj rS;kj djus dh vleFkZrk

18)

bufØeh usV

¼nks"kkjksi.k½

% vkijkf/kd dk;ks± ds fy, Lo;a vFkok fdlh vU; dks ftEesokj BgjkukA

19)

buMhlSaV ,sDlikst+j % lkoZtfud LFkku ij 'kjhj ds xqIrkaxksa dk dkeqd vFkok vHknz izn'kZu

20)

buMSeuhQkbZ % dkuwu }kjk gkfu ds fy, mÙkjnk;h O;fDr ds mRrjnkf;Ro dks fdlh

nwljs O;fDr ij MkyukA

21)

bugSefuVh % fdlh gkfu] pksV ;k uqdlku ds cnys eqvkotk ¼vke rkSj ij /ku½

pqdkus dh ftEesnkjhA

22)

Lora=k izca/kd % dqN jkT;ksa ds fu;eksa }kjk vuqefr izkIr fo'ks"k izdkj dk izca/kd tks

vnkyr dh n[kyvankth ds fcuk izca/kd ds dÙkZO;ksa dk lapkyu djrk

gSA

23)

vfuf'pr ltk % dkuwu }kjk fo'ks"k :i ls vf/kd`r de ls de vkSj vf/kd ls vf/kd

vo/kh ds fy, tsy tkus dh ltk ftls canh }kjk de ls de vo/kh

rd ltk dkV ysus ds ckn iSjkst cksMZ ;k fdlh vf/kd`r ,tsalh }kjk

lekIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

24)

Hkkjrh; f'k'kq dY;k.k

dkuwu

% Hkkjrh; ifjokjksa dh ,drk dks lqjf{kr j[kus ds fy, la?kh; dkuwuA

25)

bafMdVeSaV

¼nks"kkjksi.k½

% iw.kZ fu.kkZ;d e.My dk oDrO; fd cpko dRrkZ us vijk/k fd;k Fkk

ftlds fy, i;kZIr izek.k gSa ftlds vk/kkj ij eqdíek pyk;k tk

ldrk gSA izkFkfed rkSj ij ?kksj vijk/kksa ds fy, bldk iz;ksx fd;k


tkrk gSA

26)

buMhtSaV ¼fu/kZu½ % ,slk O;fDr tks xjhc vkSj t:jrean gS vkSj tks fdlh dh vksj ls

lgk;rk dh vk'kk ugha j[krk gSA

27)

O;fDrxr f'k{kk

;kstuk

% ,sls fo|kFkhZ ds fy, ;kstuk tks fo'ks"k f'k{kk lsokvksa dk vf/kdkjh gksA

28)

i`"Bkadu % udnh esa ifjorZuh; nLrkostksa ds ihNs fy[kk gqvkA bldk iz;ksx vkns'kksa]

chek ikfyfl;ksa] LFkd izek.k&i=kksa vkfn ds laca/k esa Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA

29)

bu Qksjek ikSifjl % tc vnkyr ;g dgs fd fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k ds fy, eqdíek nk;j

djus ds fy, Qhl tek djkus dh vko';drk ugha gS D;ksafd og ,slk

djus esa vleFkZ gSA ykrhuh Hkk"kk esa bldk vFkZ gS ^,d xjhc ds :i

esaA*

30)

eq[kcj % ,d xqIr O;fDr tks fdlh vijk/k dh lwpuk xqIr :i ls iqfyl

dksvDlj buke ikus ds cnys vFkok fo'ks"k O;ogkj ds cnys nsrk gSA

31)

lwpuk % fdlh O;fDr ds fo:) vijk/k dk fyf[kr nks"kkjksi.kA bls vnkyr esa

vfHk;kstu vf/kdkjh dh vksj ls is'k fd;k tkrk gS u fd iw.kZ fu.kkkZ;d

e.My }kjkA

32)

buQSD'ku % fdlh dkuwu] le>kSrs vFkok vf/kdkjh dk rqPN mYya?ku tks dksbZ

nqjkpj.k ;k vijk/k ugha gS vkSj ftlds fy, dqN le; ds fy, tsy

Hkstus dh ltk vko';d ugha gSA ;krk;kr ds NksVs&NksVs vijk/k blh

Js.kh esa vkrs gSaA

33)

bugSfcVsM % og <kapk tks orZeku esa fuokl ds fy, iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA U;k;ky;

bl 'kCn dh O;k[;;k cM+s yphys <ax ls djrs gSaa ;fn blesa jgus okys

vLFkk;h rkSj ij vuqifLFkr gksa rks Hkh ;g fuokl LFkku gh jgrk gSA

35)

bugSjhVSal VSDl % olhgr ds vk/kkj ij fdlh okfjl dks e`rd dh tk;nkn esals tks laifÙk

izkIr gksrh gS ml ij yxus okyk jkT; dk VSDlA ;g VSDl okfjl

vFkok ykHk mBkus okys }kjk pqdk;k tkrk gSA

36)

buhf'k;y vih;jSal % vkijkf/kd dkuwu esa lquokbZ djus okyk tt ;g fuf'pr djrk gS fd

vijk/k ds nks"kh ds fo:) eqdíek pykus ds fy, i;kZIr izek.k gS ;k


ughaA lafo/kku jgL;kRed nks"kkjksi.k ij ikacanh yxkrk gS] blfy,

izkjafHkd lquokbZ lkoZtfud gksrh gS tc rd fd cpko i{k blds

foijhr u pkgsA nks"kh iq:"k@L=kh dk mifLFkr jguk vko';d gS] ;|fi

os dksbZ izek.k is'k ugha djrs gSaA bls igyh lquokbZ Hkh dgrs gSaA

38)

bu yksdks isjsafVl % bldk ykrhuh vFkZ gS] ^ekrk&firk ds LFkku ijA* bldk laca/k

ekrk&firk ds LFkku ij vfHkHkkod] laj{kd ;k fdlh vU; O;fDr ds

dk;Z&Dykiksa ls gSA

39)

buesV % fdlh tsy esa can O;fDr

40)

bUukslSaV lafVy izwou

fxyVh

% vesfjdk dh dkuwuh izfØ;k esa ,d fo'okl gS fd os lHkh yksx ftu ij

vijk/k dk nks"k yxk;k x;k gks rc rd funksZ"k gksrs gSa tc rd izek.kksa

ds vk/kkj ij vnkyr vFkok fu.kkZ;d e.My ds eu esa mu O;fDr;ksa

dks nks"kh vFkok funksZ"k gksus ds ckjs esa dksbZ lansg u jg tk,A

41)

bu ijlksue % fdlh fo'ks"k O;fDr ds laca/k esa ;k fo:) dh xbZ dk;Zokgh@ eqdíekA

42)

bu izksfi;k ijlksuk % tc dksbZ iq:"k@L=kh fcuk odhy ds Lo;a is'k gksrk gSA ;g 'kCn

ykrhuh Hkk"kk ls vk;k gS ftldk vFkZ gS] ^Lo;a vius O;fDrxr :iA*

43)

bu jSe % izfØ;k laca/kh 'kCn ftldk iz;ksx O;fDrxr :i ls vkjaHk fd, x,

fØ;k&dykikas ds LFkku ij ftl ckr ds fo:) dk;Zokgh ;k eqdíek

pyk;k x;k gSA

44)

bulsfuVh Iyh % fdlh iq:"k@L=kh cpko oxZ }kjk ;g nkok fd mleas vijk/k dh

ftEesnkjh dks Lohdkj djus ds fy, vko';d fnekxh 'kfDr dh deh gSA

45)

bUVªD'ku % tt }kjk cpkodÙkkZ dks laoS/kkfud vf/kdkjksa dh nh xbZ O;k[;kA

46)

Li'kkZrhr laifÙk % og laifÙk ftlds vki Lokeh gS ijUrq HkkSfrd :i ls ;g vkids ikl

ugha gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] LVkd ckSaM] cSad [kkrs] dkihjkbZV] isVsaV

vkfnA

47) edln % fuf'pr ifj.kke izkIr djus ds fy, fdlh lk/ku fo'ks"k dk iz;ksx djus


dk mís';

48)

/kks[kk/kM+h dk bjknk % fnekx esa Bxus dk mís'; j[kukA mnkgj.k ds fy,] tku&cw> dj Qt+hZ

pSd nsukA

49)

baVj ,fy;k % vU; ckrksa esa

50)

baVj fooksl fx¶V % nsus okys ds thoudky esa fn;k x;k rksgQk

51)

baVj fooksl VªLV % Lokeh ds thoudky esa cukbZ xbZ VªLV

53)

baVj yksD;wVjh % vLFkk;h] u fd vafreA ,d vLFkk;h vihy dk laca/k eqdíes ds ,d

Hkkx ls gh gksrk gSA

54)

baVj iyhMj % tc nks ;k nks ls vf/kd fdlh rhljs ds ikl iM+h oLrq ij

viuk&viuk gd trk,aA rhljk i{k mUgsa vius >xM+s dk fuiVkjk

djus ds fy, vnkyr esa eqdíek djus ds fy, etcwj dj ldrk gSA

55)

nqHkkf"k;k % og O;fDr ftls mPpkfjr vFkok lkadsfrd Hkk"kk dk ok.kh }kjk vFkok

fyf[kr :i esa vnkyr dh vke Hkk"kk esa vuqokn djus esa leFkZ gksus ds

fy, izekf.kr fd;k x;k gksA

56)

buVSjksxsVjht+ % eqdíes esa fdlh ,d i{k }kjk fyf[kr iz'u ftudk fyf[kr mÙkj nsuk

fojks/kh i{k ds fy, vko';d gSA

57)

bUVjohuj % tks O;fDr LosPNk vFkok vnkyr dh vuqefr ls eqdíes esa n[ky nsrk

gSA

58)

n[kyvankth % og dk;Z ftlds }kjk fdlh rhljs O;fDr dks] tks ml eqdíes ls

izHkkfor gksrk gks] vnkyr dh vuqefr ls eqdíes dk i{k cuk fn;k

tkrk gSA

60)

bUVSlVsV % fcuk fojklrukek fy[ks e`R;q dks izkIr gksuk vFkok e`R;q i'pkr viuh

laifÙk ds fuiVkjs ds ckjs dksbZ funsZ'k NksM+s fcuk ej tkukA

61)

bUVSlVsV lDlS'ku % og izfØ;k ftlds }kjk fdlh ,sls O;fDr dh laifÙk tks fcuk olh;r

fy[ks ej x;k gks] jkT; ds dkuwu ds vuqlkj nwljksa ds ikl pyh tkrh


gSA

62)

bUVkSDlhds'ku % vYdksgksy] u'khyh nok vFkok 'kjkc ihus ds dkj.k iw.kZ ekufld o

'kkjhfjd {kerk ds lk"Fk dk;Z djus dh lkeF;Z esa dehA

62)

bUVªksDlhds'ku % vYdksgksy] u'khyh nok vFkok 'kjkc ihus ds dkj.k iw.kZ ekufld o

'kkjhfjd {kerk ds lkFk dk;Z djus dh lkeF;Z esaa dehA

63)

bUVªksbDVjh baLVªD'ku % eqdíes dh dk;Zokgh ls iwoZ tt vFkok vnkyr ds vU; vf/kdkjh dh

psrkouk vFkok oDrO; tks fu.kkZ;d e.My] odhyksa vkSj n'kZdksa dks

vnkyrh lquokbZ ds nkSjku muds dÙkZO;ksa vkSj ftEesnkfj;ksa dk Kku

djkrs gSaA

64)

bUoSLVhxs'ku % fdlh [kkl ekeys ds laca/k esa dkuwuh tkap iM+rky }kjk rF;ksa dk irk

yxkuk vkSj mUgsa ,d=k djukA

65)

xSj&bjknru uj gR;k % fdlh euq"; dh ,slh gR;k ftlds fy, gR;k ;k ?kkrd pksV igqapkus dk

dksbZ bjknk u gks ysfdu tks vkijkf/kd ykijokgh ls dh xbZ gks ;k ,sls

vijk/k ds nkSjku dh xbZ gks tks eqdíeksa ls lacaf/kr fu;kesa ds Js.kh esa

ugha vkrkA ,sls ykijokgh ls dh xbZ uj gR;k Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

66)

xSj&bjknru u'ks dh

gkyr

% fdlh dh bPNk ;k tkudkjh ds fcuk 'kjkc vFkok u'khyh nokvksa dk

fiyk;k tkukA bldk iz;ksx vkijkf/kd ykijgokgh ds nks"k ls cpus ds

fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA

67)

vlaxr % os izek.k tks i;kZIr :i esa fopkjk/khu ekeys ls lacaf/kr u gksA

68)

vifjorZuh; VªLV % og VªLV ftls xBu ds ckn cnyk ;k lekIr u fd;k tk ldsA

69)

eqík % 1- fdlh eqdíes esa i{kksa ds chp vlgefr ds fy, erHksn dk fo"k;

2- vnkyr }kjk fdlh vkns'k dks vkf/kdkfjd rkSj ij tkjh djuk


----J------

1. JAIL - A place of confinement that is more than a police station and less than a prison. It is usually used to hold persons convicted of misdemeanors or persons awaiting trial.

2. JEOPARDY - Risk to a defendant of possible conviction and punishment. In a criminal case, the

defendant is usually said to be "in jeopardy" after the preliminary hearing has taken place and the jury has been sworn in.

3. JOHNSON MOTION - A motion to discuss grand jury indictment. 4. JOIN - To unite, to combine, to enter into an alliance. 5. JOINDER - Generally, a bringing or joining together. For example, plaintiff's joining in a suit, or

a joining of actions or defense. 6. JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITY - A legal doctrine that makes each of the parties who are

responsible for an injury liable for all the damages awarded in a lawsuit if the other parties responsible cannot pay.

7. JOINT TENANCY - When two or more people own something and have rights of survivorship.

This means that if one tenant dies, his or her share goes to the other tenants. 8. JOINT VENTURE - An association of persons jointly undertaking some commercial enterprise.

Unlike a partnership, a joint venture does not entail a continuing relationship among the parties. 9. JOYRIDING - Illegally taking an automobile without intent to deprive the owner permanently of

the vehicle, often involving reckless driving. 10. JUDGE - An elected or appointed public official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court

of law. 11. JUDGMENT (JUDGEMENT) - The judge's final decision in a case. It says how much the

person who lost has to pay the person who won, and when. Sometimes, you can change part of the judgment with a hearing.

12. JUDGMENT CREDITOR - The person who wins the case. 13. JUDGMENT DEBTOR - The person who loses the case. 14. JUDICIAL COUNCIL - The constitutionally mandated body responsible for improving the

administration of justice in the state. The council is made up of judges, court executives, attorneys, and legislators. It was established to standardize court administration, practice, and procedure by adopting and enforcing court rules.

15. JUDICIAL NOTICE - A court's recognition of the truth of basic facts without formal evidence. 16. JUDICIAL OFFICER - Judges, referees, and commissioners who make court decisions as a

judge.


17. JUDICIAL REVIEW - The authority of a court to review the official actions of other branches of government. Also, the authority to declare unconstitutional the actions of other branches.

18. JURAT - Certificate of officer or person before whom writing was sworn to. The clause written at

the foot of an affidavit, stating where, when, and before whom the affidavit was sworn. 19. JURISDICTION - (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. (2) The geographic

area over which the court has authority to decide cases. (3) the territory, subject matter, or persons over which lawful authority may be exercised by a court.

20. JURISDICTIONAL HEARINGS – A hearing at which the court determines whether the child

falls within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. 21. JURISPRUDENCE - The study of law and the structure of the legal system. 22. JUROR - Member of the jury. 23. JUROR, ALTERNATE - Additional juror impaneled in case of sickness or disability of another

juror. 24. JURY - A group of citizens picked according to law and authorized to decide a case. 25. JURY BOX - The specific place in the courtroom where the jury sits during the trial. 26. JURY COMMISSIONER - The local official responsible for giving the court lists of qualified

potential jurors. 27. JURY FOREMAN - The juror who is in charge of the jury during deliberations and speaks for

the jury in court when announcing the verdict. 28. JURY, HUNG - A jury which is unable to agree on a verdict after a suitable period of

deliberation. 29. JURY INSTRUCTIONS - Directions that the judge gives the jury right before they decide a

case. They tell the jury what laws apply to that particular case. 30. JURY TRIAL - A trial that is heard and decided by a jury. 31. JUSTIFICATION – A lawful or sufficient reason for one’s acts or omissions. A defense of

justification is a showing of a sufficient reason for an action by defendant. For example, in an assault prosecution against a defendant, a justification would be that the violence was necessary.

32. JUSTIFIABLE - Issues and claims capable of being properly examined in court. 33. JUSTIFIABLE HOMICIDE – The intentional killing of another human being without any evil

design, and under such circumstances of necessity or duty as render the act proper, and relieve the party from any shadow of blame.

34. JUVENILE - A person under 18 years old. (See also MINOR.) 35. JUVENILE COURT – Part of the Superior Court that handles delinquency and dependency cases

involving minors. 36. JUVENILE HALL - The facility where juvenile offenders are held in custody.


37. JUVENILE WAIVER - A procedure by which a charge(s) against a minor is transferred from a

juvenile to circuit court.


1) tsy % fgjklr esa j[kus dk og LFkku tks iqfyl LVs'ku ls cM+k vkSj dkjxkj

ls NksVk gksA bldk iz;ksx ltk izkIr dj pqds vijkf/k;ksa vkSj mu

vijkf/k;ksa dks j[kus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS tks eqdíes dh dk;Zokgh dh

izrh{kk esa gksA

2) [krjk % fdlh cpkodÙkkZ dks nks"kh Bgjk, tkus vkSj ltk lquk, tkus dk

laHkkfor [krjkA fdlh Hkh vkijkf/kd ekeys esa izkFkfed lquokbZ vkSj

fu.kkZ;d e.My }kjk 'kiFk xzg.k ds ckn cpko dÙkkZ dks vDlj ^[krjs

esa& dgk tkrk gSA

3) tkulu eks'ku % iw.kZ fu.kkZ;d e.My ds vfHk;ksx&i=k ij fopkj&foe'kZ djus ds fy,

izLrkoA

4) tqM+uk % la;qDr gksuk] ,d gksuk] fdlh xBtksM+ esa 'kkfey gksuk

5) tkbUMj % vDlj] ,d lkFk ykuk vFkok ,d lkFk feyukA mnkgj.k ds fy,

vkosnudÙkkZ dk fdlh eqdíes esa 'kkfey gksuk vFkok fdlh dk;Zokgh ;k

cpko esa 'kkfey gksukA

6) la;qDr ftEesnkjh % ;g ,d dkuwuh fl)kar gS ftlds vuqlkj eqdíes esa 'kkfey i{kksa ds

izR;sd lnL; dks gkfu ds fy, gjtkus dk ftEesnkj Bgjk;k tk ldrk

gS ;fn nwljk i{k bls nsus esa vleFkZ gksA

7) la;qDr iV~Vsnkjh % tc nks ;k vf/kd yksx ,d gh pht+ ds ekfyd gksa vkSj mlds izfr

mÙkjthoh gksaA bldk vFkZ gS fd ;fn dksbZ ,d iV~Vsnkj dh e`R;q gks

tk, rks mldk fgLlk nwljs iV~Vsnkj dks pyk tkrk gSA

8) la;qDr m|ksx % dqN O;fDr;ksa }kjk lkewfgd :i ls fdlh O;kikfjd laLFkku dk

lapkyuA lka>snkjh ds foijhr blds lnL;ksa ds chp ijLij fujarj

laca/kksa dh ftEesnkjh ugha gksrh gSA

9) tkap&okbZfMax % xSj&dkuwuh <ax ls fdlh ds okgu dks ys tkuk ftlesa okgu ds ekfyd

dks LFkk;h :i ls blls oafpr djus dk bjknk u gksA vDlj okgu dks

[krjukd rst+ xfr ls pyk;k tkrk gSA

10) tt % dkuwu }kjk LFkkfir vnkyr esa eqdís lquus vkSj mu ij fu.kZ; nsus ds


fy, pquk x;k vFkok fu;qDr fd;k x;k ljdkjh vf/kdkjhA

11)

tteSaV % fdlh eqdíes esa fdlh tt dk vafre QSlykA ;g crkrk gS fd gkjus

okys O;fDr ds }kjk thurs okys dks dc vkSj D;k nsuk gSA dHkh&dHkh

lquokbZ ds ckn QSlys ds fdlh Hkkx dks cnyk tk ldrk gSA

12)

tteSaV ØSfMVj % eqdíek thrus okyk O;fDrA

13)

tteSaV MSVj % eqdíek gkjus okyk O;fDr

14)

T;wMhf'k;y dkÅafly % jkT; esa U;kf;d iz'kklu esa lq/kkj ds fy, lafo/kku }kjk vf/kdkj izkIr

laLFkkA bl ifj"kn esa tt] vnkyr ds vf/kdkjh] odhy vkSj fo/kk;d

lfEefyr gksrs gSaaA bldh LFkkiuk vnkyr ds fu;eksa dks ykxw djds

vnkyrh iz'kklu] dk;Zokgh vkSj izfØ;k dk Lrj c<+kus ds fy, dh

tkrh gSA

15)

T;wMhf'k;y uksfVl % vkSipkfjd lquokbZ ds fcuk vnkyr ds }kjk izkFkfed rF;ksa dks ekU;rk

nsukA

16)

U;kf;d vf/kdkjh % tt] fu.kkZ;d vkSj dfe'kuj tks ,d tt dh rjg vnkyrh QSlys

djrs gSaA

17)

U;kf;d iqufoZpkj % fdlh vnkykr }kjk ljdkj dh vU; 'kk[kkvksa ds ljdkjh dke&dkt

ij iqufoZpkj djus dk vf/kdkjA vU; 'kk[kkvksa dh dk;Zokgh dks

vlaoS/kkfud ?kksf"kr djus dk vf/kdkj Hkh 'kkfey gSA

18)

T;wjV % ml vf/kdkjh dk izek.k&i=k ftlds lkeus 'kiFk&i=k ij gLrk{kj fd,

x, gksaA 'kiFk&i=k ds uhps fy[kh xbZ ykbZu ftlesa crk;k tkrk gS fd

'kiFk&i=k ij dc] dgka vkSj fdl vf/kdkjh ds le{k gLrk{kj fd,

x,A

19)

vf/kdkjh {ks=k % 1- fdlh vnkyr dks eqdíes dh lquokbZ djus vkSj QSlyk nsus dk

dkuwuh vf/kdkjA

2- og HkkSxksfyd {ks=k ftlesa eqdíeksa dk QSlyk djus dk vnkyr dks

vf/kdkj izkIr gSA


3- {ks=k] fo"k; vkSj O;fDr ftuds ckjs esa QSlyk nsus dk vnkyr dks

vf/kdkj izkIr gksA

21)

U;k; 'kkL=k % dkuwu vkSj dkuwuh izfØ;k ds <kaps dk v/;;uA

22)

twjh lnL; % fu.kkZ;d e.My dk lnL;

23)

twjh lnL; dk

fodYi

% fu.kkZ;d e.My ds fdlh lnL; dh chekjh] vleFkZrk dh n'kk esa

fodYi ds rkSj ij fdlh vfrfjDr lnL; dk ukekadj.kA

24)

twjh % ukxfjdksa dk ,d lewg ftUgsa fdlh eqdíes dk fu.kZ; djus ds fy,

dkuwu vuqlkj pquk tkrk gSA

25)

twjh ckWDl % vnkyr ds dejs esa og fuf'pr LFkku tgka fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL;

eqdíes dh dk;Zokgh ds nkSjku cSBrs gSaA

26)

twjh dfe'kuj % og LFkkfud vf/kkdjh tks vnkyr dks fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL;ksa ds

:i esa fu;qFdr dsfy, ;ksX; ,oa leFkZ O;fDr;ksa dh lwph miyC/k djkus

ds fy, mÙkjkf/kdkjh gksA

27)

twjh QksjeSu % fu.kkZ;d e.My dk og lnL; tks vnkyr esa fopkj&foe'kZ ds nkSjku

fu.kkZ;d e.My dk bapktZ gksrk gS vkSj ogha fu.kkZ;d e.My ds QSlys

dh ?kks"k.kk djrk gSA

28)

twjh] gax % og fu.kkZ;d ftlds lnL; mfpr vof/k rd fopkj&foe'kZ ds ckn gh

fdlh QSlys ij lger u gksaA

29)

twjh ds funsZ'k % fdlh eqdíes dk QSlyk djus ls Bhd igys fu.kkZ;d e.My dks tt

}kjk fn, x, funsZ'kA ;s funsZ'k fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL;ksa dks crkrs gSa

fd ml eqdíes ij dkSu&dkSu ls dkuwu ykxw gksrs gSaA

30)

twjh }kjk lquokbZ % og lquokbZ tks fu.kkZ;d e.My ds lnL;ksa }kjk dh tkrh gS vkSj

ftldk QSlyk Hkh os gh djrs gSaA

31)

vkSfpR; % fdlh ds dk;Z&Dykiksa vFkok xyfr;ksa ds fy, dkuwuh vFkok i;kZIr

dkj.kA vkSfpR; }kjk cpko ds fy, cpkodÙkkZ dks vius dk;Z ds fy,

i;kZIr dkj.k fl) djuk iM+rk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy, ekjihV ds fdlh


eqdíes esa cpkodÙkkZ dks fl) djuk iM+rk gS fd ekjihV t:jh FkhA

32)

U;k; ;ksX; % os eqís vkSj nkos ftudh vnkyr }kjk mfpr <ax ls tkap&iM+rky dh

tk ldrh gSA

33)

U;k;&;ksX; gR;k % fcuk fdlh lkft'k ds fdlh dh tku&cw> dj gR;k D;ksafd ml le;

dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,slk djuk t:jh Fkk vr% ;g dk;Z mfpr gksus ds

dkj.k gR;k djus okys ij dksbZ nks"k ugha NksM+rkA

34)

ckyd tqoSukbZy % 18 o"kZ ls de vk;q dk O;fDr

35)

tqoSukbZy dksVZ % cky&vijk/kksa vkSj vkfJr cPpksa ds eqdíes lquus okyh Åijh vnkyr

dk HkkxA

37)

tqoSukbZy osoj % og izfØ;k ftlds vUrxZr fdlh ckyd ds fo:) eqdíes dks

cky&vijk/k vnkyr ls {ks=kh; vnkyr esa Hkst fn;k tkrk gSA

english hindi legal glossary - arcourts.gov

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