english guide book for teacher and student

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English guide book/Material /Kind of text Page 1


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KATA PENGANTAR

Dengan memanjatkan Puji serta Syukur kehadirat Illahi Rabbi Allah Swt, karena

atas rahmat-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan diktat panduan untuk guru mata

pelajaran Bahasaa Inggris, yang berjudul English Guide book for teacher, khususnya di

lingkungan komisariat Sukaraja kabupaten Sukabumi.

Adapun maksud dan tujuan penyusunan diktat ini sebagai panduan untuk guru

Bahasa Inggris agar memiliki persepsi yang sama tentang bahan ajar, introduction

conversation in class, essential English grammar, kind of text and language feature.

Pada penyusunan diktat panduan ini penulis banyak mendapatkan bimbingan dan

bantuan dari berbagai pihak, lebih khusus penulis menyampaikan banyak terima kasih kepada

Obing Hobir, SPd, MMPd, selaku pengawas mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris atas segala

bimbingan dan masukannnya selama penulisan ini.

Pada kesempatan ini, penulis mengucapkan banyak terima kasih juga kepada :

1. Drs. Ade Fadilah MMPd, selaku Kordinator Pengawas Kabupaten Sukabumi

2. Dr. Hj. Himatul Aliyah, MPd, selaku Kepala Sekolah SMPN 1 Sukaraja

3. Sri Sulastri, SPd, selaku Ketua MGMP Bahasa Inggris Komisariat Sukaraja

4. Seluruh guru SMP Negeri 1 Sukaraja Kabupaten Sukabumi yang telah membantu

penulis selama penyusunan diktat..

5. Guru-guru peserta MGMP Bahasa Inggris komisariat Sukaraja Kabupaten Sukabumi,

yang selalu memberikan motivasi

6. Istri tercinta serta anakanak tersayang yang selalu memberikan dorongan, dan doa

hingga selesainya diktat ini.


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Diktat ini masih jauh dari sempurna oleh karena itu, saran dan kritik dari semua

pihak sangat penulis harapkan demi kesempurnaan penulisan.

Sukabumi, Desember 2012

Penulis,

Tim MGMP Bahasa Inggris Gugus Sukaraja

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iNTRODUCTION

Komunikasi Dalam Bahasa Inggris

Saling bertukar makna dalam teks bahasa Inggris , baik lisan maupun tertulis

Sarah:Good morning! How are you?

Toto : Hi! Morning. Im fine thanks. And

yourself?

Sarah: Not bad. Thanks

Teks Lisan

Percakapan Transaksional:

* Percakapan yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, misalnya: jual-beli,

meminjam sesuatu, job interview, meminta maaf, mengharap kehadiran dsb.

* Berbicara seperlunya, topiknya Tertentu

Teks Tulis

Short functional texts:

Label, notices, pengumuman, kartu ucapan dsb.

Genres:

Descriptive, report, recount dsb.

Genre

Memiliki:

Tujuan komunikasi (communicative purpose)

Struktur teks (generic structure)

Ciri-ciri kebahasaan (linguistic features)

Apa hubungannya

Tujuan komunikatif dicapai dengan cara menyusun teks (struktur teks) sedemikian

rupa agar mudah difahami oleh pendengar dan pembacanya. Bahasa dipilih

sedemikian rupa agar mudah difahami oleh pendengar dan pembacanya


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Recount

Tujuan komunikatif:

Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatandengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur.

Struktur teks:

* Pendahuluan (orientasi), yaitu memberikan informasi tentang apa, siapa, di mana dan

kapan;

* Laporan (rentetan) peristiwa, kegiatan yang terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan secara

berurut;

* Komentar pribadidan/atau ungkapan penilaian (jika ada

Recount

Ciri kebahasaan:

* nouns dan pronounssebagai kata ganti orang, hewan atau benda yang terlibat, misalnya

David, the monkey, we dsb.

* action verbs atau kata kerjatindakan, misalnya go, sleep, run dsb.

* past tense, misalnya We went to the zoo; She was happy dsb.

* conjunctions dan time connectives yang mengurutkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan,

misalnya and, but, then, after that, dsb.

* adverbs dan adverb phrases untuk mengungkap tempat, waktu dan cara, misalnya

yesterday, at my house, slowly dsb.

* adjectives untuk menerangkan nouns, misalnya beautiful, funny, dsb

Narrative

Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:

Menghibur pendengar atau pembaca dengan pengalaman nyata atau khayal. Ciri naratif

adalah adanya unsur konflik (masalah) dan resolusi (penyelesaian masalah). Jumlah masalah

atau penyelesaiannya mungkin hanya satu, mungkin juga lebih.

Struktur Teks:

* Pengenalan latar: tokoh, waktu, dan tempat:


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* Pengembangan konflik;

* Penyelesaian konflik;

* Koda: perubahan yang terjadi pada tokoh atau pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari cerita.

Ciri Kebahasaan

nouns tertentu sebagai kata ganti orang,dalam cerita, mis: stepsisters, housework, dsb.

adjectives yang membentuk noun phrase, mis: long black hair, two red apples, dsb.

time connectives dan conjunctions untuk mengurutkan kejadian mis: then, before

that,dsb.

adverbs dan adverbial phrases untuk menunjukkan lokasi kejadian atau peristiwa, mis:

here, in the mountain, happily ever after,dsb.

action verbs dalam past tense; stayed, dsb.

saying verbs yang menandai ucapan seperti: said, told, dan thinking verbs yang

menandai pikiran, perasaan tokoh mis: thought, felt, dsb.

Descriptive

Tujuan Komunikatif :

Mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri seseorang, suatu benda atau tempat tertentu.

Struktur Teks:

* Pengenalan benda, orang atau sesuatu yang akan dideskripsikan.

* Deskripsi: menggambarkan ciri-ciri benda tersebut,misalnya berasal dari mana, warnanya,

ukurannya, kesukaannya dsb. Deskripsi ini hanya memberikan informasi mengenai benda

atau orang tertentu yang sedang dibahas saja, misalnya deskripsi tentang My Dog. Ciri-ciri

anjing saya tersebut dapat berbeda dengan anjing yang lain.

Dsecriptive

Ciri Kebahasaan:

nouns tertentu, misalnya teacher, house,my rabbit, dsb.

simple present tense.


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detailed noun phrase untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek, misalnya She a

sweet young lady.

berbagai macam adjectives, yang bersifat describing, numbering, classifying, mis: two

strong legs, two white fangs, dsb.

relating verbs untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek, misalnya, My mum is

realy cool, It has very thick fur, dsb.

Descriptive

thinking verbs dan feeling verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis

tentang subjek, mis: Police believe the suspect is armed, I think it is a clever animal,

dsb. action verbs, misalnya Our new puppy bites our shoes, dsb.

abverbials untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang perilaku tersebut, misalnya

fast, at the tree house, dsb.

bahasa figurative, seperti simile, metafor, misalnya John is white as chalk, sat tight,

dsb

Procedure

Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:

Memberi petunjuk cara melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian tindakan atau langkah.

Struktur Teks:

Tujuan kegiatan atau judul

Bahan-bahan;

Langkah-langkah.

Ciri Kebahasaan:

Pola kalimat imperative, misalnya, Cut, Dont mix, dsb.

Action verbs, misalnya turn, put, dont, mix, dsb.

Connectives untuk mengurutkan kegiatan, misalnya then, while, dsb.

adverbials untuk menyatakan rinci waktu, tempat, cara yang akurat, misalnya for five

minutes, 2 centimetres from the top, dsb.


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Kind Of Text

1. Caution

Kata atau ungkapan yang digunakan untuk memperingatkan atau memberi peringatan pada

orang agar menghindari sesuatu atau tidak melakukan sesuatu.

Contoh:

Do not accept if the seal is broken

Warning

Do not aim the camera directly into the sun or

at other intense light resources that could damage your eyesight

2. Greeting Card

Pesan tertulis yang biasanya berisi ucapan selamat, turut bahagia, dan sejenisnya,

disampaikan pada momen tertentu seperti lebaran, natal, ulang tahun, pernikahan, dan lain-

lain.

Contoh:

Dear Kania,

Congratulation on your success to be the student of the first rank.

Yours,

Putri

3. Short Message

Teks yang berisi satu atau sejumlah kecil kabar, informasi, atau perintah dari satu orang

untuk seseorang yang lain. Umumnya diramu dalam bahasa yang singkat dan padat.


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Contoh:

Please call my wife and tell her Im attending the meeting.

Tell her Ill be home at 7:30.

Our phone no is 022-5403518

Seanu Zaka

4. Invitation

Informasi atau pesan tertulis yang tujuannya mengajak atau mengundang seseorang atau

sejumlah kecil orang untuk hadir pada event tertentu.

Contoh:

My special day is coming

I turn to seven and keep growing

Mom and Dad are having a party

They say it is for me

Your smiling gace we hope to see

So come and bring your family, it will be lots of fun

The party begins at three and at five its all done

Saturday, February 14, 2009

Mahadewis house 12 Tebu Ireng Street, Pasir Jati Housing Complex

5. Announcement

Suatu tulisan untuk mengabarkan kepada khalayak tentang suatu event atau kegiatan

(umumnya) yang akan berlangsung atau diselenggarakan.

Contoh:

Announcement


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To celebrate the 40th school anniversay, each class is supposed to send one volleyball team,

one basketball team, and 2 badminton players for the sport competitions. They will be held

from May 21 until June 10. For further details, read the information board next to the wall

magazine or contact Seanu Ratu, the chief of the committee, at 085323013144 at any time

you wish.

6. Advertisement

Memberitahukan sekaligus menawarkan produk dan jasa, atau juga meminta produk dan jasa.

Bahasa yang digunakan umumnya singkat padat, namun komunikatif dan informatif.

Beberapa kata acapkali disingkat untuk penghematan kolom dan spasi display.

Contoh:

Vacancy

We need educators who meet these qualifications:

(S-1) in English

Less than 35 years old

Good performance

Send Your:

a pplication letter, CV, certificate, academic transcript, recent photograph to:

SMART COURSE

Jl. Ahmad YaniBandung

Ph. 022 75312


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7. Letter

Pesan atau informasi yang disampaikan oleh satu seorang untuk seseorang. Informasi penting

umumnya termaktub dalam body of the letter, yakni bagian antara salam pembuka (Dear )

dan salam penutup (Sincerely yours).

Contoh:

Jl. Tjut Nyak Dien Dalam 36

CijohoKuningan

January 4, 2008

Dear Zaka,

It has been a long time two years since I last visited your town. In this coming holiday I am

planning to have a vacation in your hometown. Ill be glad if you can accompany me to go to

some interesting places there. Dont forget to take me traditional food courts.

Would you please pick me up at the airport as I will fly there so that I can come to your

hometown faster.

I am looking forward to seeing you again next week. I cant wait to have a good time together.

Sincerely,

Farhan

8. Label

Suatu tulisan singkat (kata/frasa) yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan atau menggambarkan

identitas suatu barang.


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Contoh:

9. Descriptive

Teks yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan sesuatu yang spesifik: seseorang, suatu benda,

suatu tempat, seekor binatang. Teks description meng-highlight satu orang/benda/tempat/

binatang secara khusus. Teks description menyodorkan banyak informasi tentang orang/

benda/tempat/binatang tertentu secara gamblang, [sering] rinci, [acapkali] dapat

divisualisasikan.

Teks description umumnya memiliki struktur:

- identification, pengenalan subjek atau hal yang akan dideskripsikan.

- description, penginformasian ciri-ciri subjekmisalnya sifat-sifat psikologis, perilaku,

tampilan fisik, fitur-fitur khas, kualitas, dan sejenisnya.

Contoh:

My Pet

I have a pet. It is a dog and I call it Brownie.

Brownie is a Chinese breed. It is small, fluffy, and cute. It has got thick brown fur. When I

cuddle it, the fur feels soft. Brownie does not like bones. Every day it eats soft food like

steamed rice, fish or bread. Every morning I give her milk and bread. When I am at school,

Brownie plays with my cat. They get along well, and never fight maybe because Brownies

does not bark a lot. It treats the other animals in our house gently, and it never eats shoes.

Brownie is really a sweet and friendly animal.
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10. Report

Hasil pengamatan, penelaahan, penelitian, observasi, atau studi tentang benda, binatang,

orang, atau tempat. Participant (yang dideskripsikan) pada report cenderung general. Data

yang tersaji umumnya berupa simpulan umum akan karakteristik, ciri, dan atau keberadaan

dan keadaan participant. Tujuan teks report adalah untuk menggambarkan participant apa

adanya. Bila yang dibicarakan suatu benda, teks report lebih menyoroti fungsi dari benda

tersebut.

Teks report lazimnya menyodorkan suatu generalisasi akan participant yang diulas;

generalisasi ini umumnya didapat lewat membandingkan yang satu dengan yang lain yang

tergolong participant sejenis.

Teks report umumnya memiliki struktur:

- general classification, pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan

klasifikasinya.

- description, penginformasian ciri-ciri umum/generalisasi yang dimiliki subjekmisalnya

sifat-sifat psikologis, perilaku, tampilan fisik, fitur-fitur khas, kualitas, dan sejenisnya.

Contoh:

Although gorillas look ferocious, they are really rather quiet apes. They live in family groups

in the thickest parts of the jungles.

A gorillas feet, hands, and wrinkled face are bare and black. His fur may be short or long,

depending on where he lives.

The short-haired gorilla lives in the hot, damp, tropical forests of western Africa, and the

long-haired gorilla lives in the cooler air in the high mountains of central Africa.

A gorillas arms are so long; they almost touch the ground, even when he is standing up!

Some wild mountain gorillas weigh as much as you, your father, and your mother all weigh

together.

At night the father gorilla sleeps on the ground. But the mother and the baby gorillas sleep in

big nests of stick and leaves on the ground, or in the lower branches of trees, where they are

safer from prowling animals.


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11. Narrative

Jenis teks berupa cerita atau dongeng yang bertujuan menghibur pembaca. Ciri utama teks

narrative adalah terdapatnya masalah (atau hal yang dianggap masalah atau pelik) dan

langkah yang diambil untuk merespon masalah tersebutini umumnya berupa solusi atau

penyelesaian. Konten teks narrative dapat berupa cerita khayalan atau kisah nyata yang

mendapatkan bumbu-bumbu perekayasa.

Teks narrative umumnya memiliki struktur:

- orientation, pendahuluan atau pembuka berupa pengelanalan tokoh, waktu, dan tempat.

- complication/crisis, pengembangan konflik atau pemunculan masalah.

- resolution, penyelesaian konflik atau langkah yang diambil untuk merespon masalah.

- reorientation, penutupungkapan-ungkapan yang menunjukkan cerita sudah berakhir, ini

sifatnya opsional.

- coda, perubahan yang terjadi pada tokoh dan pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari cerita;

sifatnya opsional.

Contoh:

There was once a king who was very powerful and rich. But he was unhappy, because he felt

ill all the time. No doctors knew how to cure him, nor did any medicine do him good. One

day, he called all his wise men to his palace and asked them what to do. There is only one

way, said a very old man. If you can find a happy man, take his shirt and wear it, youll be

so on cured.

So the king sent his men to search for all the happy men. They traveled all over the country,

but they could not find one. There was nobody who was completely satisfied.

The men were very tired of being long search, and did not know when to go home. Just as

they were worrying about that, they saw a workman who was singing merrily while he was at

work.

Are you happy? they asked the man.

Yes, I am happy as a lark, answered the man.

Give us your shirt, said the men. Well give you as much money as you need.

Alas! cried the man, I havent got a shirt.


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Contoh:

Rose Flovered Agar Agar

32 g agar agar strips, cut into short strands and cooked for 1 hour.

1,5 liter water

700 g rock sugar, broken into smaller pieces

5 pandan leaves, tied into a knot

1 tsp rose essence

2 drops pink or red food coloring

1. Put agar agar strips and water into a pan and bring to a gentle boil over a medium

low fire till agar agar dissolved.

2. Add rock sugar and pandan leaves and boil for about 5 minutes or until it is dissolved.

Discard pandan leaves. Add essence and coloring. Stir to mix well. Pour the mixture

into a square tin or agar agar moulds.

3. Leave to cool for 5 to 10 minutes, then put it in the fridge to set for 3 hours. Serve

sliced into squares or any shape you fancy.


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BAHAN AJAR KELAS VII

Kompetensi Dasar:

1.Membaca

Memahami berbagai makna dan langkah-langkah pengembangan retorika dalam teks tertulisterutama yang berbentuk procedure.

2. MenulisMengungkapkan berbagai makna dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan retorika yang

benar dalam teks tertulis terutama yang berbentuk procedure.

Setelah mempelajari ini siswa dapat:

1. Mengidentifikasi makna gagasan dalam wacana: makna kata, frasa atau kalimat,gagasan pokok, informasi faktual, informasi rinci.

2. Menggunakan dengan tepat: verb bentuk I, kalimat perintah, kata-kata yang terkaitdengan tema, ejaan dan tanda baca.

3. Menggunakan piranti kohesi (discourse markers) untuk menyatakan sequence.4. Menggunakan berbagai sub keterampilan dalam membaca.5. Menulis teks procedure.6. Menggunakan struktur yang berterima dalam teks procedure.

Materi

Lots of people like fried noodles. They are very delicious and easy to prepare. Do you know

how to prepare them? If so, do you know how to share it with other people? Stay in this

program for more information.

Procedural Texts show you how to do things, step by step. In these texts you will findinstructions or directions on how to cook your favorite dishes, to make a creative toy or

handicraft, to operate an equipment, etcetera.


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The following show you the samples of procedural texts.

Study this text.

HOW TO MAKE FRIED NOODLES

Fried noodles are easy to make. All you need are 350 g of flat egg noodles, 45 ml

vegetable oil, 225 g of mushrooms, 200 g of chicken strips, 25 g of chopped garlic, 100 g of

bean sprouts and 15 ml of soy sauce.

First I cook the noodles in boiling water and drain it. Then I pour the oil into a hot

sauce pan and add the strips of chicken. After that I put the mushrooms in. Next I add the

garlic and the bean sprouts and fry it for 3 minutes. Then I add the noodles and the soy sauce

and stir it.

When its cooked, I take it out and put it in a large plate. Finally I decorate my fried

noodles with slices of cucumber and tomatoes.

(Adapted from Functional English, Tony Rogers, Widya Utama, 2004.)

Do you understand the text?

Are ready to answer questions about it?

Read this text carefully.

Some people like taking pictures and have lots of photo collections. They usually put

the pictures in an album. Sometimes, they also put the pictures in frames. In this way, they

can put their pictures on the wall or on their desks for decoration. Do you also have acollection of photographs? Do you want to put your pictures in frames too? Why dont you

make your own frames for the photos? It is very simple to make your own photo frame.

There are five things you need to make this photo frame. They are a styrofoam, some

origami paper, a photograph, a glue stick and some varnish. These materials are easy to get.Maybe they are even found in your surroundings.

These are the steps to make a photo fish frame. First, draw a fish on the styrofoam tray.The fish should be a little smaller than the photograph you want to frame. Then, cut the

origami paper into small pieces. Next, glue the pieces of origami paper to the tray and to the

fish cut-out. This fish cut-out will serve as the frames stand. After that varnish the frame and

the fish and let them dry. Then glue the fish to the back of the frame and use it to hold the

frame. Finally attach your picture to the back of the frame with sellotape. And your photo

fish frame is ready.

(Adapted from Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas VII, Depdiknas, Dikdasmen,

DirektoratPendidikan Lanjutan Pertama, 2004.)


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Study this text.

HOW TO MAKE FRIED NOODLES

Fried noodles are easy to make. All you need are 350 g of flat egg noodles, 45 mlvegetable oil, 225 g of mushrooms, 200 g of chicken strips, 25 g of chopped garlic, 100 g of

bean sprouts and 15 ml of soy sauce.

First I cook the noodles in boiling water and drain it. Then I pour the oil into a hot

sauce pan and add the strips of chicken. After that I put the mushrooms in. Next I add the

garlic and the bean sprouts and fry it for 3 minutes. Then I add the noodles and the soy sauce

and stir it.

When its cooked, I take it out and put it in a large plate. Finally I decorate my fried

noodles with slices of cucumber and tomatoes.

Do you understand the text?

Are ready to answer questions about it?

Writing

HOW TO COOK RICE

Cooking rice is easy especially if you use a rice cooker

First put some rice in a bowl. Then wash it in running wa

put it in the pan. After that put some water into the pan.

the pan into the rice cooker. Finally plug the cord in an

the button on. Wait for about 30 minutes until the c

done. You will notice it from the light. When the light

yellow, your rice is ready to serve.

Writing a procedural text is not difficult. Still, you need to know several things to be able to

do it as follow:

- Giving Instruction

- Sequence

- Vocabulary
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Writing : Giving Instructions

When you give instructions to other people, it means that you tell them to do something.

Also, when someone gives you an instruction, it means he wants you to do something for

him.

Study these sentences.

1. Open the door.2. Draw a fish on a Styrofoam tray.3. Cut the paper into small pieces.4. Put some rice in a bowl.5. Plug the cord in and switch the button on.

Pay attention to the underlined words. Are they nouns, adjectives or verbs? Thats right. Theyare VERBS- in the first form (verb I). All sentences above start with verb I. They are

instructions. They tell people to do something. These instructions are called Imperatives.

Imperatives are often used to show procedures.

Pay attention to these sentences:

1. Dont close the window.2. Dont come late.3. Dont boil the noodles too long.4. Dont put too much water into the pan.

All the sentences above start with Dont + Verb I. We use Dont + Verb I if we want to tell

others NOT TO DO SOMETHING. The sentences above are also imperative sentences but

they are in the negative form.

We can make our instructions sound nicer or more polite by adding words like please, can,

could, will or would. Compare the sentences on the left with the ones on the right.


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Do you notice the differences?

Thats right. The sentences on the right are more polite than the only sentence on the left.The instructions sound even nicer with the word could or would.

Writing : Sequence

Read these sentences. They are from the text.

1. First put some rice in a bowl.2. Then wash it in running water.3. Next put it in the pan.4. After that put some water in the pan.5. Finally plug the cord in.

The underlined words are used to show order of actions. They are called discourse markers

to show sequence (piranti kohesi untuk menunjukkan urutan).Do you know other words to show sequence? Lets see whether you can identify them.


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Descriptive

Kompetensi

Siswa dapat mengidentifikasikan makna gagasan dalam wacana: gagasan utama,

informasi faktual, informasi rinci, makna kata, frasa, dan kalimat

Siswa dapat menggunakan dengan tepat: kalimat bentuk simple present tense,

descriptive adjectives , huruf ejaan, dan tanda baca.

Siswa dapat menggunakan berbagai sub keterampilan dalam membaca.

Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi langkah retorika teks berbentuk descriptive.

Materi

Generic Structure

Materi ini menjelaskan tentang teks descriptive , yaitu teks yang mempunyai ciri kebahasaan

(grammar) menggunakan kalimat Present Tense dan mempunyai langkah retorika yaituIdentification-Description serta mempunyai fungsi sosial (social function) untukmenggambarkan manusia maupun suatu benda secara mendetail, (to describe parts,qualities and characteristics).

Materi ini dilengkapi dengan latihan dan tes yang cukup banyak dan bervariasi sehinggasiswa dapat memperoleh kesempatan berlatih yang cukup banyak tentang penggunaan

Present Tense and adjectives dalam kaitannya dengan teks descriptive.

Key words:

descriptive text, identification- description, present tense, adjective

Descriptive Text

Descriptive is to describe a particular person, place or thing. It means you describe theircolors, shapes, sizes, weight, height, width, density, contents, and so on. In writing the text,

you use the Simple Present Tense.

The structure of the text is:

Identification : identifies phenomenon to be described. Description : describes parts, qualities and characteristics


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Grammar Present Tense

Remember the patterns ofPresent Tense with be : statements, subject pronouns

How do you get information?

1. We use the Simple Present to talk about things in general , or something happensall the time or repeatedly, or something is true in general . It is not important

whether the action is happening at the time of speaking or not.

Subject Is/ am/ are Object/ Complement

Robert/He

Liana/She

Bali / It

Robert and Liana/ They

A snake/ It

The boys/ They

I

is

is

is

are

is

are

am

a student

helpful

in Indonesia

students

a wild animal

very educated people

the only child

Robert, Liana, Bali and a snake are nouns. He, She, It, I and They are subject pronouns forthese nouns. Robert and Liana , and the boys are plural subjects. A student=one person,

students= more than one person. Nouns, adjectives , and places can come after be.

A snake is a wild animal The boys are very educated people I am the

only child


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THE SIMPE PRESENT TENSE : POSITIVE

Positive: I

+ Verb + Object / ComplementWe

You

They

He

+ Verb using - s/ -es + Object / ComplementShe

It

Time Signal (ts) = every ..................

For the example :

I eat breakfast every morning

S + Verb + O/C + ts

She follows an English course every Saturday

S + Verb (s/es) + O/C + ts

Am, are and is as the three forms of the verb be are in the Simple Present Tense .

Contractions between subject pronouns and am, are , and is appear in informal usage. A

contraction always contains an apostrophe (), which represents the omitted missing letter.

Singular (one) Plural (more than one)

I am We are

You are You are

He/She/It is They are

Formal : Conversational :I am I`m

He is He`s

She is She`s

It is It`s

We are We`re

You are You`re

They are They`re


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2. The verb after she, he, it (3 rd person singular) has a final -s

Subject Verb Object Complement Time Sign

A zebra has four legs - -

Giraffes eat leaves - -

Imelda speaks English with her mom everyday

I sleep - - every night

A zebra has four legs Giraffes eat leaves Imelda speaks

English with her

mom everyday

I sleep every night

PRESENT TENSE USING ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY : ALWAYS, USUALLY,

OFTEN, SOMETIMES, SELDOM, RARELY, NEVER

Adverbs of frequency come between the subject and the Simple Present verb :

Subject +

Always

+ Verb

Usually

Often

SometimesRarely

Seldom

Never

Adverbs of frequency sometimes come either at the beginning or at the end of asentence.

For examples:


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Sometimes I get up at 7:00

I sometimes get up at 7:00

I get up at 7:00 sometimes

always usually often sometimes seldom rarely never

100% 99-90% 90-75% 75-25% 25-10% 10-1% 0%

always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely , and never are called adverbs of

frequency

Examples:

Pesta always comes to class on time.

Liana usually comes to class.

We often watch TV at night. I sometimes drink juice at dinner.

I seldom go to movies.

Robert rarely makes a mistake.

I never eat fresh peaches.


How do you ask questions?

1. The Simple Present Tense: Yes/ No questions

Is/ Are/ Does/ Do Subject Verb Object/ Complement

Is

Are

Does

Do

the animal

those animals

the giraffe

the penguins

-

-

eat

live

rare?

tame?

leaves?

in the South Pole?


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Is the animal rare? Are those animals

tame?

Does the giraffe eat

leaves?

Do the

penguins live

in South

Pole?

2. The Simple Present: Asking Questions with what, where

Question word Is/ are/ does/ do Subject Verb

What

What

Where

is

does

does

a zebra

he

Pesta

like?

look like?

live?

Grammar Comparison

Remember the patterns of Comparison

1. When you describe people, animals or things, you use adjectives. Sometimes there aretwo or more adjectives. We put the adjectives in this order.


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How big (size) How old (age) What color (color) Noun

A tall

A long

young

new

black

white

man

chair

A

tl

l

A longYou

ngNew Black White Man Chair

2. When we use adjectives to compare two people, animals or things, we use the

following pattern.

We useer for the comparative degree of short adjectives. We useer with one-syllable

adjective and some two-syllable adjectives. For examples:

Big-bigger,

hot-hotter,

clever-cleverer,


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easy-easier, busy-busier,

funny-funnier, and lucky-luckier .

We use more in front of adjectives that have two or more syllables, (except adjectives thatend iny) . For example: interesting-more interesting, beautiful-more beautiful,

difficult-more difficult.

3. We useest to form the superlative degree of the adjectives. In general, we useestfor shorter words with some two-syllable adjectives. For example: long-the longest,

hot-the hottest, easy-the easiest and hard-the hardest.

We use most for the long words with three-syllable adjectives. For example: most carefully,

most comfortable

There are five irregular comparative and superlative forms:

Adjectives/ adverbs Comparative Superlative

goodBetter

best

badWorse

worst

littleLess

least

many, much

More

most

far farther, further farthest, furthest

Adjective

Order of descriptive adjectives

Sometimes we use two or more adjectives together:

Pesta lives in a nice new house.

In the kitchen there was a beautiful large round wooden table

Adjectives like new/large/round/wooden are fact adjectives . They gives us objective

information about something ( age, size, color, etc ). Adjectives like nice/beautiful areopinion adjectives . They tell us what someone thinks of something. Opinion adjectives

usually go before fact adjectives. Examples are as follows:


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Evaluation/Opinion

Appearance Age Color Origin

Good

Bad

Ugly

Interesting

Nice

Intelligent

Size/measure

Big

Small

Shape

Round

Square

Triangular

Condition

Chipped

Broken

Rotten

Old

Young

New

Antique

Red

Green

Blue

Bright

green

Dark

blue

Deep

purple

Geographical

French

Italian

Japanese

Material

Wooden

Vegetable

Cotton

Brass

Reading Comprehension

Latihan

Read carefully text below.

One of the most interesting animals in the zoo is the elephant. This animal may be 3 or 4

meters tall. The weight may be 5 or 6 tons.

The elephant of flesh is wrapped in a wrinkled suit of rough gray skin. Its legs are like pillars.

Its huge ears flap gently back and forth like wings. It may consume up to 200 kg of grass a

day. It is fond of banana plants, gingers, and leaves of various plants. Look at the long trunk.

When you throw some peanuts, the trunk picks up the peanuts with the fingers` at the tip of

the trunk. Then, the huge beast will put it into its mouth and eat it happily. The elephant is als

remarkable for its tusks. Tusks are long teeth that continue to grow throughout its life. Thenumber of these animals, however, has decreased a lot. More and more of them are killed for

their tusks. Many die because trees in their forest have been cut down. They cannot find food

and protection in the forest anymore. If people aren`t able to save them, these animals, sooner

or later, may vanish from the earth.

Read carefully text below.

I have friends. Their names are Ari and Ario. Almost everyone who meets them thinks they

are twins , because they look similar and are always together. In fact, they are not twins but

only friends. When they go out to work , everyone in his profession knows and respects them.


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They work as a team. Ari is a journalist and Ario is a photographer.

They both work for a famous picture magazine. Ari writes the articles and Ario takes a

pictures. They do not only cover the domestic events but foreign ones as well . So the

magazine often sends them all over the world to cover important events. They have won many

awards. Because of their good achievement in their profession, many famous magazines and

newspapers offer them good positions, but they refuse. They want to devote themselves

entirely to the magazine where they are working now. They are really a solid team.


To see th patterns about Grammar Present Tense

Grammar ComparisonRead carefully text below.

Tiger orchid is the largest orchid in the world. It is from Sumatra , Malaysia , and Polynesia .

We can find it on the crowns of trees. They grow high above the ground. We often find the

near streams.

The young stems are upright . The mature stems bend in graceful curves. When the plants are

flowering, it is a magnificent sight. Some of the collective flower of a plant reaches 3 meters.

The collective flower of a plant can have 100 individual flowers. One flower can be 15 cm in

diameter.

The sprays are upright, w e can see the flowers clearly. The color of the flower is yellowish orgreenish yellow. They have various marking. It is dull orange- brown to maroon-purple.

Orchid farmers do not cultivate it much. It must have full sun. We do not need soil to plant it.

We need brick fragments and charcoal mixed with decaying leaves.


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Kompetensi

Setelah mempelajari ini :

1. Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi tujuan teks fungsional2. Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi makna dari functional texts.3. Siswa dapat menggunakan dengan tepat: verbs bentuk pertama, imperatives, content

words terkait dengan teman

4. Siswa dapat menulis undangan dan memo sederhana.

Materi

ReadingInvitation

Sarah is going to celebrate her 13th birthday. She wants to have a small party at home. She

also wants to invite some friends and relatives. Now, she is writing invitation cards for

them. This is one of her cards. Beautiful, isn`t it?

Invitation cards are examples offunctional texts . Other examples are announcements,

shopping lists, memos, and etcetera. In this program, you will read and write functional

texts, but only in the form ofinvitation cards and memo .

Reading - Invitation

Read the following and answer the questions. Give short answers. Type your answers in theblank spaces.

WritingInvitations

Study these invitations.

What information can you find in both invitations?

occasion ,


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date , time , and place .

When we write an invitation, we need to state clearly what the occasion is, for example my

sister`s birthday (invitation 1) or a surprise birthday party (invitation 2).

We must state the date and time of the occcasion, too. Finally we must`t forget to mention

the place. Remember, the words or the sentences that we use may be different, but the

purpose must be clear, to invite someone . How do we express an invitation in words?

Let`s find out.

WritingInvitations-Imperative

Study these sentences. They are from the sample invitations.

Come to my home on Wednesday 11

Share your happiness at my sister`s birthday.

Please arrive on time.

These sentences start with the first form of the verb or (V1). They are imperativesentences . We use imperatives to telll other people to do something.

Study these memos.

Study these sentences. They are from the sample memos.

1. I`ll be out all afternoon.2. I`ll be home late today.3. Please do the dishes when you get home.4. Wash the vegetables and cut them up.5. Please feed the fish and lobsters.6. Don`t forget to water the plants.7. Can you tidy the living-room?

We often use these types of sentences in writing memos. Sentences 1 and 2 are simple

future tense , sentences 26 are imperatives , and sentence 7 uses Can to tell other people

to do something.WritingMemoSimple Future Tense

Study these sentences.

a. I am going to leave at nine tomorrow morning.

= I `m going to leave at nine tomorrow morning.

a. I will leave at nine tomorrow morning.


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= I `ll leave at nine tomorrow morning.

c. She is going to be at the meeting tonight.

= She` s going to be at the meeting tonight.

d. She will be at the meeting tonight.

= She `ll be at the meeting tonight.

We use be going to and will to express future time. After be going to and will , we use thefirst form of the verbs ( V1 ). We can shorten be going to and will by using an apostrophe(`). Study the following forms.

FORMS WITH WILL

STATEMENT

I

will work tomorrow

(I`ll)

You (You`ll)

They (They`ll)

We (We`ll)

He (He`ll)

She (She`ll)

It (It`ll)

NEGATIVE

I

will not work today

You

They

We

He won`t

She

It

QUESTION Will

I

work tomorrow ?

you

they

we

he

she

it

SHORT ANSWER Yes,

I

willyou

they

we


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he

she

it

No,

I

won`t

you

they

we

he

she

it

FORMS WITH BE GOING TO

STATEMENT I am going to work

He

is going to work

We

areShe You

It They

NEGATIVE I am not going to play

He

is not going to play

We

areShe You

It They

QUESTION Am I going to work? Is

he

going to work? Are

we

she youit they

SHORT

ANSWER

Yes, I am.

Yes,

he

is Yes,

we

she you

it they

No, I`m not

No,

he

isn`t No,

we

she you

it they

Forms of will

Complete each sentence with will or won`t and the suitable verb from the list.

fell visit

stay ride

study call

rain be


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REPORT

Setelah mempelajari modul ini :

1. Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi makna gagasan dalam teks report2. Siswa dapat mengidentifkasi langkah-langkah retorika teks report3. Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi dan menggunakan dengan tepat to be, dan the simple

present tense.

Materi

Generic Structure

Grammar

Salah satu ciri ciri kebahasaan (generic structure) yang dibahas dalam teks report di sini

adalah dengan menggunakan :

to be

simple present tense

1. To be

A sentence with be as the main verb has five basic patterns:

a. be + a nounb. be + an adjectivec. be + a prepositional phrased. be+ progressive verbe. be + passive verb

Contoh penggunaan to be :

The Andes is an example of a block-fault mountain

The examples of volcanoes are the mountains in Hawaii

These mountains are still beneficial Volcanic rock is used in the manufacture

Almost all mountains are formed in chains or ranges.

2. Simple Present

The Simple Present Tense is used to express that something was true in the past, is true in

the present, and will be true in the future.It is used for general statements of fact.

Example:


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1. Every continent has mountain chains.2. The power of forming comes from the depth in the earth.3. It snows in Alaska4. Diana washes her hair everyday.5. They have beautiful garden

SimulasiMatch the picture of the place with the words in the box provided by clicking and

dragging the words

Latihan

Generic Structure


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REPORT PART 2

Kompetensi

1. Mengidentifikasi makna gagasan dalam teks report2. Menggunakan dengan tepat noun as a thing dan noun as a person3. Menggunakan dengan tepat the patterns of the expressing something using too and

enough

4. Mengidentifkasi langkah-langkah retorika teks report

Generic Structure

Pendahuluan

Dalam materi ini anda akan mempelajari salah satu jenis

teks (genre), teks report yang mempunyai langkah retorika

yaitu General ClassificationDescription dan mempunyai

fungsi sosial ( social function ) untuk menjelaskan sesuatu

apa adanya, yang menyangkut kejadian alam, karya

manusia, dan fenomena sosial di sekitar kita. Teks ini

mempunyai ciri kebahasaan khusus (lexico grammar), di antaranya penggunaan nouns

(noun as a thing dan noun as a person) dan the patterns of expression using too andenough. Berbagai jenis latihan reading comprehension, grammar dan vocabulary yang

diberikan secara intensif dan bervariatif akan lebih mempermudah anda memahami teks.

Generic Structure

Teks report adalah salah satu jenis teks (genre) dalam bahasa Inggris yang menjelaskan

sesuatu apa adanya. Teks ini mempunyai langkah-langkah retorika (generic structure) yang

terdiri dari : General Classification dan Description.

a. General Classification: Klasifikasi umum tentang apa yang dijelaskan (tells what

the phenomenon under discussion is)b. Description: menjelaskan fenomena-fenomena yang sedang dijelaskan dalam

bentuk bagian-bagian, kualitas, kebiasaan dan tingkah laku (tells what the

phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behavior).

Fungsi sosial teks report (social function of report text) adalah untuk menjelaskan sesuatu

apa adanya


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Grammar

Salah satu ciri kebahasaan (lexico grammar) yang dibahas dalam teks report ini adalah

Noun as a thing and noun as a person

The pattern using the expression of too and enough

1. Noun as a thing and noun as a persona. Noun as a thing : adalah kata yang berfungsi sebagai benda yang dibentuk

dari kata kerja (verb)

Contoh:

Verb NounAct An action

Dance A dancing

Paint A painting

Direct A direction

Illustrate An illustration

Achieve An achievement

b.

Noun as a person : adalah kata yang berfungsi sebagai orang yang dibentukdari kata kerja maupun kata benda

Contoh :

Verb Noun

Act An actor

Dance A dancer

Paint A painter

Direct A directorIllustrate An illustrator

An art An artist

A poem An poet

Shopping A Shopper

2. Contoh penggunaan dalam kalimat :1. Titi Kamal is an actress, she always acts very attractively on stage.2. The foreign dancer performed a very spectacular dancing last night.3. My job is as a writer. I usually write articles for newspapers and magazines.


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4. Tiara wants to be a photographer, so she practices taking photographs everytime.

5. Mr. Rudi is an English teacher. He teaches in a junior high school.6. She didnt illustrate it clearly but I can give you a very clear illustration.7. That choreographer created a fantastic choreography.

3. The patterns using expressing of too and enough4.

Subject + be + too + adjective

5.

Subject + be + adjective + enough

6. Penggunaan too menunjukkan makna negatif dalam pikiran si pembicara

atau sesuatu yang tidak bisa dilakukan. (In the speaker`s mind, the use of

too implies a negative meaning or it is impossible to do something)

too diletakkan sebelum kata sifat sedangkan enough diletakkan sesudah

kata sifat

Contoh :

That box is too heavy to lift.

That ring is too expensive to buy.

The test is too difficult to do.

I am strong enough to lift this box.

Jack is old enough to vote.

That show is interesting enough to see.

Vocabulary

Kosa-kata yang berhubungan dengan seni (Vocabulary related to arts)

Reading
http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/regi/My%20Documents/data%202007/SMP/B.%20Inggris/Report%20-%20Painting/PRODUK/materi2.html%23atas


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Rock music is part of popular music today. It is played and listened to almost in all

countries in the world. Rock and roll was the name given to the music that developed in the

early 1950s. It is believed that the term rock and roll was first used y a disk jockey, AlanFreed.

In 1955, records of a young singer from Tennessee, Elvis Presley, was heard across the

US. After he appeared on nationwide television, Elvis Presleys singing and his performing

style came to mean rock and roll was all over the world. Then came to Bill Haley and The

Comets. Rock mainly became the music of the young. They understood its beat and sound,

and its lyrics.

The 1970s were the time of big developments in the rock industry. Rock became a very

big business, earning more money annually than any other form of entertainment 0including

the film industry

Source: Lets Talk Grade IX, Pakar Raya.

Bandung


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Kompetensi Dasar

Membaca:

Dengan mempelajari materi ini, siswa dapat merespon makna yang terdapat dalam teks

tulis fungsional pendek secara sangat sederhana secara akurat, lancar dan berterima yang

berkaitan dengan lingkungan terdekat.

Menulis:

Di akhir kegiatan pembelajaran ini siswa akan dapat mengungkapkan makna gagasan dalam

teks fungsional pendek sangat sederhana secara akurat, lancar dan berterima yang berkaitan

dengan lingkungan terdekat.

Materi Pokok

Announcement

Pendahuluan

Jika kita perhatikan, di tempat-tempat umum seperti sekolah, rumah sakit, bank, dsb, ada

label yang maknanya dapat berupa petunjuk atau perintah, atau bahkan pengumuman.

Dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris, label , notice (himbauan) dan pengumuman itu

masuk ke dalam kategori teks fungsional pendek. Nah, Anda akan kami bawa dalam paket

yang singkat tetapi juga membawa anda ke kompetensi pemahaman membaca dan

memproduksi sebuah teks.

Ada kompetensi pendukung yang perlu dikuasai pengguna materi pembelajaran di

samping materi pokok mengenai teks fungsional pendek itu sendiri. Kompetensi

kebahasaan, kompetensi pembentuk wacana, adalah contoh dua kompetensi yang juga

diperlukan untuk menguasai teks yang sedang dibahas. Maka, pada penyajian materi ini

juga terdapat sub materi mengenai tata bahasa, dan fungsi komunikatif teks.

Materi Latihan dan Tes disediakan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur sejauh mana

pemahaman anda dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Materi akan berisi label, notice ataupengumuman yang biasa ditemui di sekitar kita. Sekolah, pasar, bank, mushola sebagai

tempat kita temukan pengumuman dan himbauan itu akan diambil sebagai contoh nyatakeberadaannya. Selamat Belajar!


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We sometimes read those sentences on the whiteboard in the classroom, right?! We call it

a text . It is a short one but still it conveys meaning. People generally name it an

announcement. We put or we find it on a board to let everybody knows the information

in certain places. see it on the wall magazine at school. Thus. it tells all of the students and

all community in the school to gather on the Independence Day. We find it in the

classroom. The writer or Ms.Mirda wants the listed students to submit their letters.

If we review the meaning ofANNOUNCEMENT from a dictionary, the information is

either for the present time or the future time.


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The Simple Present Tense

We use this tense to state facts.

Simple sentence has at least: Subject + Predicate

a. Subject + Predicating Verbs

Predicating Verbs are non action verbs ( for example : want, hate, believe, like, etc)

Affirmative Sentence(+):

I like cookies. Sinta likes cookies.

You like cookies. Adi likes cookies.We like cookies. The cat likes cookies.

They like cookies.

Notice that for the third singular subject, we adds/es on the predicating verbs. Now we

move to the section to make the negative and questions. We use do and does (auxiliary).

Negative Sentence (-):

I do not like cakes. Sinta does not likes gossip tabloids.

You do not like a fortune teller. Adi does not likes chocolate.We do not like horror films. The cat does not likes vegetable.

They do not like junk food.

Interrogative Sentence(?):

Do I look like an artist? Does Sinta want a glass of water

Do you hate me? Does Adi love Mc. Ds?

Do we believe her story? Does the cat need help?

Do they remember you?

b. Subject +Be(Linking Verbs)

Be + Noun Be+ Adjective Be +Preposition

Phrase

I am a doctor. I am happy. I am at work.

Anto is a singer. He is rich. Iwan is in a hurry.

Lia is a nurse. She is beautiful. Ita is in her room.

This is a cat. The tie is black. This is Tuesday.
http://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blhow%20are%20you.htmhttp://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blhow%20are%20you.htmhttp://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blhow%20are%20you.htmhttp://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blhow%20are%20you.htm


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We are students. We are tired. We are in the class.

They are doctors. The boys are smart. The boys are out of the bus.

c. Subject + Finite Verbs

A finite verb is a lexical verb with or without auxiliaries that acts as the full verb in the

predicate Affirmative Sentence (+):

I work in a bank. She works in a bank.

They work in a bank. He works in a bank.

You work in a bank. It (The system) works.

We work in a bank.

Negative Sentences (-) :

I do not eat meat. She does not live with her parents.

They do not comefrom China. He does not smoke cigarettes.

You do not play badminton. It does not work.

We do not meet everyday.

Imperative

Although you find the word please in the expression, and you consider it as a request ,the main idea is a command ("Have a drink", "Wash the dishes", and "Try the cookies").So you know now that the word please makes a command into a request.

In this case, actually the guests are asked to drink. This is what we call an imperativesentence: the sentence expresses a command. In real situation, of course we listen to

command or we read commands.

It doesn`t matter whether it is spoken or written .

We often find such label in many places. Traffic signs are the real examples that have the

same patterns. Here they are:

Do you understand the labels? How if you dont? Do they matter to you or not? Allright,

now how about taking a review of the second label. Look at second sign or label, what

will happen if a driver turns right and do exactly something he must not do?

Actually labels that instruct someone to do or not to do something can be easily

understood with pictures addition, right?! We also have pictures to understand the labels

of instruction (imperative)


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FUNCTIONAL TEXT

Kompetensi

Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi tujuan teks fungsional. Siswa dapat mengidentifikasi makna dari teks fungsional.

Siswa dapat menggunakan dengan tepat : verb bentuk pertama, imperative, dan

content words terkait dengan tema.

Siswa dapat menulis instruction dan shopping list

Materi

Reading : Fungsional Text

Functional Text

Apakah yang dimaksud dengan functional text?

Functional Text adalah teks khusus yang berisi perintah, pengarahan, sesuatu yang harus

dilakukan atau tidak boleh dilakukan yang dapat berupa pesan singkat (short message),

daftar belanja (shopping list), peringatan (notice), pengumuman (announcement), dan

lain-lain yang mengandung makna dan digunakan dalam komunikasi sehari-hari.

Perhatikan contoh berikut!

Example 1: Short Message

Read the short message above!

Pay attention to the questions below and click the box to see the answer!

1. To whom is the message for ?


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2. What does he have to do after eating ?

3. Where does he have to put the key ?

4. What subject does he attend ?

Example 2: Notice

Notice is a short passage, symbol or text to

inform or instruct people to do or not to do

anything.This notice means dont smoke. It means

people must not smoke in that place. We

usually see this notice in public places such

as in a bus, in a lobby, or in air conditioned

rooms.

Other examples of notice are Dont Park,

Dont Stop, etc.

Example 3 : Shopping ListAnother example of a functional text is a shopping list. Read the shopping list below!

Day : Monday Date : July 22, 2007

4 loaves of bread

3 kilos of beans1 kilo of apples

2 kilos of sugar

1 kilo of carrots

1 kilo of oranges

1 can of soft drink

Now, see the answer of the questions below by clicking the box on the left column!

1. The text is a kind of ....


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2. The purpose of text is to remind the customer of what to.

3. How many kinds of vegetables are there in the text ?

4. Is there a soft drink in the shopping list ?

Example 4 : AnnouncementRead the following announcement,

Our school basketball matches will begin on Saturday, January 1. The events will run

from 8.0010.00 for the next four weeks. The final tournament will be held on February

7. For more information, contact Rizka ( 021 12345678 )

1. The text is a kind of

2. How long will the events run ?

3. What month will the final round be held on ?

4. When will their school basketball matches begin ?

5. Who can we contact for more information ?

Example 5: InstructionRead the text .Prepare a pan and some eggs

Put some water in the pan

Put some eggs in the pan

Turn on the stove

Put the pan on it

Wait until the water is boiled

Wait for 4 minutes

The boiled eggs are ready

1. How many household appliances do we need ?

2. The text is a kind of

3. Turn on the stove . What is the antonym in the sentence of turn on ?

4. Where do you put the pan ?


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Writing : Imperatives

How do you ask people to do something? We ask people to do something using

imperatives.

Imperatives usually start with a verb. The word please can be put before or after the

instruction to show politeness. If you dont want people to do something, start with

dont. For examples,

Open the door, please!

Close your book!

Could you line up here ?

Dont pick up the flower!

Pay attention to the other examples of imperatives below!

Dont

Could you

open

open

Open

the door

the door

the door

please!

please?

please!

Please

Dont

come

come

Come

here!

here

here!

please!

Now study the following commands!

Dont show your work to the others! ( to give the command to other

friends/people)

Collect the answer sheet ( to give the command to students/ other friends)

Dont leave the room without permission!(to give the command to students/other

friends)

Write your test number! ( to give the command to students/ testees)

Distribute the answer sheet! ( to give the command to students/ testees)

Read the test rules! ( to give the command to students/ testees)


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RECOUNT EXCURSIONKompetensi

STANDARD OF COMPETENCY :

Communicating in oral and written texts, using proper language fluentlyand accurately in the interactional discourse and/ or monologue,

especially in the passages of recount.

BASICCOMPETENCY:Expressing the nuance of meaning, using the correct rhetorical steps

in the written texts of recount , and using simple written languages.

WRITINGAchievement Indicator :

Writing texts of recount using correct rhetorical steps and acceptable text structure.

Materi

Generic Structure

Unforgettable Experience

In 2003 we, the first grade students, made a five-day living in Kalirejo, a

transmigration area in South Lampung. We were 212 students all together. We left

Jakarta for Lampung at midnight and our trip was about six hours. Arriving there, we

were warm welcomed. After a little talking, we were taken to our respective hosts.Every host accommodated four to five students. The transmigrants lead a very simple

life. Most of their houses are made of wood or bamboo and only some are made of

bricks.

Living there, all of us helped the transmigrants plow and fertilize the soil,

harvest cassava, rice, corn or other crops, or washed and fed the cattle. At home, most

girls produced cassava crisps, cassava cake and fried corn. Though dirty, we were very

happy to help them since the works were new and even strange for us. It is unusual for

them to stay till night. They go to bed at about 8 p.m. Because of us, they were willing

to chat until we asked them to sleep or they trained us to play gamelan music.


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One morning, our courageous friend climbed up a ten

meter coconut tree to pick coconuts. Unfortunately, just reaching

about five meter, he trembled. He couldnt continue his climbing.

We we all laughed at him. But the situation changed. Looking down,

his face grew pale and said nothing. We were afraid of him fallingdown. Then we encouraged him to climb down inch by inch. He

followed our advice. It took ten minutes for him to reach the ground.

Stepping on the ground, he said, I wont do such a fool again.

Commented the host, Youre really a citizen, boy.

The last day of living, we gather together with the hosts in

front of the sub-district office to say goodbye. Shaking hands, both

the students and the hosts couldnt bear to cry. We felt as if we had

been a real big family.

Languages Features

EXPLANATION

We use Past Simple Tense to talk about :

o Finished states and actions in the past.

i.e. : - I saw my best friend in the street yesterday.

- My parents met him in 1970.

o Repeated actions in the past

i.e. : - I took the same bus to go to school everyday.

- She always went swimming on Monday.

The pattern :

Positive : S + V2

Negative : S + did + not + V1

Interrogative : Did + S + V1 ?

Adverb of Time :

Yesterday

Last month

Two days ago


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In November 1997, etc.

Sentence connectors is a connection between a sentence with other sentence

1. Finally : It can be used to suggest that one has been waiting for a long time fsomething.

2. At first It can be used to introduce the situation which happens before other

3. When : It can be used to introduce the longer background situation, whichbefore the shorter event, and perhaps went on after it.

4. However : It can be used to mean in what ever way, no matter how.

5. Thus : it can be used as a logical consequence.

Writing a Recount

Write a recount based on the following pictures below. Use your own words to

create your recount.

A recount tells the reader what happened. They retell a past event.

e.g. a visit to a farm two months ago

It begins by telling the reader who was involved, what happened, where this


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event took place and when it happened. This is called the orientation.

The sequence of events is then described in some sort of order,

e.g. time

There may be a re-orientation at the end which summarizes the event.

Writing recounts :

When writing recounts you should :

Focus on individual person i. e. use the word I or we

Use words which indicate when (e.g. after breakfast) and where the events took

place. (e.g. at school)

Write the past tense e.g. had, visited, went.

Use action words e.g. helped, climbed. This was a very long day but I enjoyed it .

Language features

Name the underlined words based on the terms of language features, By writing

the letter in front of the following words into the box given below the text.

A. SPECIFIC PARTICIPANT

B. ACTION VERB

C. LINKING VERB

D. ADVERB OF TIME

E. SAYING VERB

F. PAST TENSE

G. SEQUENCE CONNECTOR

H. ADVERB OF PLACE

Today (1) was a very good day for me. I had been looking for a new job for quite a

while. I (2) listed my name at a few employment agencies and was given information

about several positions, but I wasnt (3) interested in any of these jobs. Last week (4) I

filled out an application form (5) for a new company in town and arranged (6) for a

personal interview. Several men were (7) interviewed for this job, and I didnt know if I


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would get it. This morning (8) someone from the company called up (9) and asked to

see me at two o clock(10). When (11) I came into his office (12), he told me that I was

hired. Ill begin working on Monday. I know Ill like this job. Ill be paid very well and

my work will be extremely interesting.

Read the following passage and identify the language features. Determine theSPECIFIC PARTICIPANT, ACTION VERB, LINKING VERB, PAST TENSE,

SEQUENCE CONNECTOR, ADVERB OF TIME, ADVERB OF PLACE, SAYING

VERB,

I was (1) feeling so happy, I decided to cancel all my appointments for the rest of the

day, and I went right home to tell my wife the good news. But before (2) I could say

anything to her, she told (3) me what a bad day she was having. None of the lights in the

house (4) were working. She had telephoned many electricians, but they all said (5) they

were too busy. Finally (6) one agreed to come and she had been waiting him almost all

day.

When (7) I was able to get her to stop talking about her troubles and listen to me. I told

her about the new job and we made plans to go out for dinner and then go to the movies

and perhaps go somewhere else after that. We made up our minds to forget about the

electrician and decided to celebrate until down. Then (8) we wouldnt need any lights,

anyway.


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RECOUNT BOTANIC GARDEN

Kompetensi Dasar:

1.MembacaMemahami berbagai makna dan langkah-langkah pengembangan retorika dalam teks

tertulis terutama yang berbentuk recount.

2. MenulisMengungkapkan berbagai makna dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan retorika yang

benar dalam teks tertulis berbentuk recount.

Setelah mempelajari siswa

1. Mengidentifikasikan makna gagasan dalam wacana: makna kata frasa atau

kalimat, gagasan utama,references, informasi faktual, gagasan pendukung, informasi rinci.

2. Menggunakan dengan tepat: kata kerja bentuk II, simple past tense, kata-kataterkait dengan tema, ejaan dan tanda baca.

3. Menggunakan piranti kohesi kata ganti waktu.4. Menggunakan berbagai keterampilan dalam membaca recount.5. Mengidentifikasikan langkah-langkah retorika dalam wacana recount.6. Menulis teks recount sederhana.7. Menciptakan struktur yang berterima dalam teks recount.


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Introduction

This is a picture of the Botanic Garden located in Cibodas. Its beautiful, isnt it? Do

you want to know more about it? Well, go on to the next pages and have fun!

In life, we experience various events. Some of them are happy events and sometimes we

also experience sad events. Many times we like to share our past events to others, we are

actually giving them a recount. If you keep a diary and write your memorable events in

the diary, you are also making recounts. History books and biographies also we recounts

because they tell us about past events.

Lets take a look at these recounts and see whether you can understand them.

- Reading - Text I

- Reading - Text II

reading I

A TOUR TO THE BOTANIC GARDEN

On Thursday 24 April, Year Seven students went to the Botanic Gardens. Around 7

oclock, we went out of the school and got into the bus.

After we arrived at the gardens, we walked down to the Education Center. We went to

have a look around. First, we went to the Orchid Farm and Mrs.Rita, the tour guide, read

us some of the information. Then we looked at all the lovely plants. After that we went

down to a little spot in the Botanic Gardens and had morning tea.

Next we took some pictures and then we went back to the Education center to have

lunch. After that we went for a walk to the lake.A lady introduced herself and took us around, and then she explained what we

were going to do. Next she took us in to the green house. It was the most interesting.

Soon after we had finished, we went back outside. Then we got into the bus and

returned to school.

(Adapted from Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris kelas VII, Depdiknas,

Dirjen Dikdas, Dirjen PLP, 2004, halaman 133)
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LATIHAN I

Could you answer all the questions?

Now, look at questions numbers 1-3 again. You can find the answers at the beginning ofthe text. This part is orientation. In the orientation we can find who the characters areand where and when the events took place. The items in number 4 are Nidas activities

during the trip. They are put in the order they happened. This part is called events orseries of events. The last part of the story is called reorientation.

LATIHAN II

Identify parts of the text. Type orientation, event, or reorientation in the space

provided

WRITING A RECOUNT TEXT

Zahra`s Letter

Jl. Darmo No.62

Surabaya

June 17, 2006

Dear Intan,

On Friday I went to Mount Bromo. I stayedat Nias and Hasans house at Cemaralawang Probolinggo.

On Saturday Nia and I went to Gunung Batok. There, we rode on horseback and

enjoyed the beautiful scenery. It was a little scary but it was also fun. Then we went toget a closer look at the mountain. It was wonderful. Next we took pictures of the

amazing sceneries there.

On Sunday we went to Wonokromo Zoo. At the zoo, we watched some cockatoos

having a shower. After that we went around the place to see other animals. When we

got a little tired, we took a rest and ate lunch in the park. In the afternoon, we went

home.

In the evening, I went back to Surabaya. My father picked me up. I really enjoyed myweekend in Probolinggo.

Love,


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Zahra

(Adapted from Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas VII, page 131, Depdiknas, Dirjen

Dikdas, Dirjen PLP, 2004)

In her letter, Zahra tells Intan about her weekend in Probolinggo.

What about you? Do you talk about your holiday to other people too? Do you do it in

English? If not, lets find out how you can write about your holiday or other past

experiences in English, or click below:

- Past Events- Time Sequence

- Writing Letters

Writing : Past Events

1. VERB II

These Verbs are taken fromZahra`s letter

Pay attention to the form.

1. Went

2. Stayed

3. Rode4. Enjoyed

5. Was

6. Took

7. Watched

8. Got9. Ate

10. Picked up

Are the verbs in the present or past tense?

Thats right. They are in the past form (Verb II) because they talk about past activities

2. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

When we talked about past activities, we use the past form of the verbs to talk about our

actions. Notice the following sentences.

1. I met Mr.Umair at the airport yesterday.

2. Last month, we went to Cibodas for a study tour.

3. I usually play tennis on Sundays, but last Sunday I played badminton.4. The classroom was very dirty, so the students cleaned it up before they started to

study.

For negative sentences and questions we use did.Pay attention to these examples

Negatives:
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1. I didnt eat breakfast this morning.

2. I got 100 for English but I did not get a good score for physics.3. Yuki wrote a letter to Farah but shedidnt send her an e-mail.

4. My parents worked on Sunday but they did not work on Monday.

Questions:1.Did you meetFarah at yesterdays party? Yes, I did.2. Did Sarah comewith her brother? No, she didnt.3. Did you and your friendshave a good holiday? Yes, we did.4. Did Imam winthe match? Yes, he did.

LATIHAN

Are you ready for some practice? Good. Let`s start.

Writing : Time Conjunctions

Can you find the words that show time conjunction inZahra`s letter? What are they?

In a recount text, we should tell events in the order they happened. We can do it by

using adverbs of time such as the following.

- On Friday - In the afternoon

- On Saturday - On Sunday evening

- On Sunday - Last Monday

We can also use time conjunctions as follow:

- First - Then

- Next - When- Afterwards - After that

- While - Finally

Writing : Writing Letters

Lets look at Zahras letter again. If we analyze the letter, we will find that it actually

consists of 6 parts

They are as follows:

Nadia writes a letter to her pen pal, Helen.

Find out what she writes. Type a letter in the box!
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Kompetensi Dasar:

Mengungkapkan berbagai makna dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan retorika yang

benar dalam teks tertulis terutama yang berbentuk deskriptif.

Setelah mempelajari ini, siswa dapat:

1. Menulis teks deskriptif.2. Menggunakan dengan tepat: noun dan pronoun, adjective, kalimat pernyataan,

possessive verb, kata yang terkait dengan tema, ejaan dan tanda baca.

3. Memilih topik yang tepat dan bahasa yang sesuai dengan audience.4. Menggunakan piranti kohesi: kata penunjuk orang/benda dan kata ganti

kepunyaan.

5. Meningkatkan penguasaan unsur-unsur bahasa.

6. Menggunakan kamus

Materi

My pet, Bombi

Do you like animals? Do you keep a pet at home? What pet do you have? Is it a cat, a

rabbit, or a fish?

Do you sometimes talk about your pet to other people in your surroundings?

Why dont you try to describe your pet in writing? In this way, you can tell more people

about it. You can put your pet description on the wall magazine at school or share itwith a relative living far away from you. You can also write about your pet to a pen pal.

Now, go on to the next page for more information on how to describe a pet

My Bombi

Bombi is my playful pet. It is a cat. The cat is always playful. It likes playing withanything. It sometimes plays with me. It likes playing with a ball very much. It is very

clever, but sometimes it is very naughty. My Bombi is not very big. It is medium. It has

soft fur. Its fur is grey and white. Bombi has a long tail. Its eyes are round. It looks cute.

It is always near me.

Notice the paragraph about Bombi again. It is a descriptive paragraph. It describes thewriters pet, Bombi. The sentences at the beginning of the paragraph are printed in bold.

This part is identification. We start a description with identification. In identification,

we identify the phenomenon (aspect or thing) that we will describe.

Following identification is description. In description, we describe parts,

characteristics, and etcetera.

Both in identification and description, we need to use certain patterns and words. The


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following are some elements you need to know to be able to describe a pet.

Pronoun

Study this table.

Subject Object

Iwe

youthey

he

SheIt

I like SarahWe like Sarah.You like Sarah.They like Sarah.He likes Sarah.She likes SarahIt likes Sarah.

Sarah likes me

Sarah likes usSarah likes you

Sarah likes them

Sarah likes himSarah likes her.

Sarah likes it.

meus

youthemhim

herit

Study the following table.

it - its

she - her

he - his

you - yourthey - their

we - our

Imy

I like my petWe like our pet.

You like your pet.

They like their petHe likes his pet

She likes her pet.Yogyakarta (It) is famous for its gudeg

We use my/your/their, etc. before a noun.

Verbs showing posession

To show possession, we can use the verbssuch as own, possess, have or has. This time,

we will discuss the use ofhave /has.We can use have or has to show possession.

Study the following.


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In Ramadhan's opinion, what's the resort like?

A. Silly

B. Nice

C. Sunny

D. Horrible

Jawaban yang benar adalah D ===> Jawaban anda adalah (tidak menjawab) (SALAH)

Penyelesaian soal 1:

Soal : 2

Frans : Who won the ... performance in thet contest?Sherly : The Bali's tradisional dance team.

A. good

B. well


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C. best

D. better

Jawaban yang benar adalah C ===> Jawaban anda adalah (tidak menjawab) (SALAH)


Soal : 3

The suitable word for 18.3 is ..

A. egg

B. salt

C. cooking oil

D. water



Soal : 4


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What can the visitors do in Keong Mas Theatre?

A. Show an Imax screen of Indonesian Panoramas?

B. Enjoy the beautiful of Indonesian Panoramas through the Imax screen.

C. Watch special drama with effects.

D. Open the building of the Indonesian Panoramas



Soal : 5

Arrange the following sentences into a good paragraph!

1. To protect the orangutan, the Government has built special areas where they can live safely.2. One of the wild animal is the orangutans.3. Today there is a danger that the orangutans will extinct because the forest is disappearing.4. The orangutans are found in the forests.

A. 1 3 4 2

B. 3 1 2 4

C. 2 4 3 1

D. 2 1 4 3




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What is the main idea of paragraph three?

A. Marias life is very good now

B. Maria struggled to live in United States

C. Marias carrier improves because of her English

D. Marias background in Peru



Menentukan ide utama paragraph 3. Kata kunci Maya studied hard. She learned English and she got a job as a secretary.

Soal : 8


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What is Altima 2.5 S ?

A. The cars type

B. The cars brand

C. The Nissan Sentra

D. The cars offer code

Jawaban yang benar adalah A ===> Jawaban anda adalah (tidak menjawab) (SALAH)


Menentukan informasi tertentu : Altim 2.5 S : jenis/type mobil.

Soal : 9


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A. Fed

B. Be fed

C. Feed

D. Feeding

Jawaban yang benar adalah B ===> Jawaban anda adalah (tidak menjawab) (SALAH)


Menentukan kata yang tepat. Telah jelas jawaban B

Soal : 10

Rearrange the words to make a good sentence.

A. 5 6 3 2 8 4 7 1.

B. 5 6 3 2 8 7 1 4.

C. 8 7 1 4 - 5 6 3 2.

D. 8 7 1 4 - 5 6 3 2.

Jawaban yang benar adalah B ===> Jawaban anda adalah (tidak menjawab) (SALAH)


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Pilihan jawaban yang benar untuk me