English 12English 12

Introduction to Poetry Introduction to Poetry

Types of Poetry ReviewTypes of Poetry Review

““If a Poem Could Walk”If a Poem Could Walk”by Lorna Crozierby Lorna Crozier

Please read “If a Poem Could Walk” Please read “If a Poem Could Walk” on page 174 in Imprints 12 on page 174 in Imprints 12

What is Crozier saying about reading What is Crozier saying about reading poetry?poetry?

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Lyric Poetry: Primary function is to Lyric Poetry: Primary function is to express a state of mind or a powerful express a state of mind or a powerful emotion.emotion. Can be intensely personal and is usually Can be intensely personal and is usually

written in 1written in 1stst person (I) person (I) Evoke emotion in the readerEvoke emotion in the reader

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Sonnet: Type of lyric poetry that Sonnet: Type of lyric poetry that traditionally follows strict rules of traditionally follows strict rules of meter, rhyme, structure, and length.meter, rhyme, structure, and length. 14 lines14 lines Ten syllables per lineTen syllables per line Formal rhyme schemeFormal rhyme scheme

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Light verse: Comic poemLight verse: Comic poem Intention humorous, clever, possibly Intention humorous, clever, possibly

ruderude Playful tonePlayful tone WittyWitty Eg. limerickEg. limerick

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Satirical poetry: Humorous poem for Satirical poetry: Humorous poem for the serious purpose of effective the serious purpose of effective positive change in people or societypositive change in people or society Identify the person/thing being ridiculedIdentify the person/thing being ridiculed

—behaviour, belief, attitude or human —behaviour, belief, attitude or human failingfailing

Criticizes corruption in societyCriticizes corruption in society

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Didactic poetry: Poem that offers Didactic poetry: Poem that offers advice or moral lessons in a subtle advice or moral lessons in a subtle fashion. fashion.

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Descriptive poetry: Poetry that, Descriptive poetry: Poetry that, through memorable descriptions that through memorable descriptions that appeal to our senses, engages our appeal to our senses, engages our minds, our hearts, and our minds, our hearts, and our imaginations.imaginations. Gives the reader a sense of an Gives the reader a sense of an

experience/place/personexperience/place/person

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Narrative Poetry: Tells a storyNarrative Poetry: Tells a story It is concerned with character, contexts It is concerned with character, contexts

(time, place, situation) and conflict.(time, place, situation) and conflict. Protagonist’s thoughts and feelings are Protagonist’s thoughts and feelings are

centralcentral Reader must engage in creative process Reader must engage in creative process

to fill the gaps left by the brevity of the to fill the gaps left by the brevity of the narrativenarrative

Types of PoetryTypes of Poetry

Reflective Poetry: Poetry that explores Reflective Poetry: Poetry that explores concepts of truth and meaning.concepts of truth and meaning. Ask an essential question—questions that Ask an essential question—questions that

explores matters of identity, purpose to explores matters of identity, purpose to life, nature of emotions such as happinesslife, nature of emotions such as happiness

Who am I? Who am I? What is the meaning of life?What is the meaning of life? What does it mean to be happy?What does it mean to be happy?

Class workClass work

Read “The World” (pg 211) as a class and discuss Read “The World” (pg 211) as a class and discuss

Read “Acquainted with the Night” (pg 212) as a Read “Acquainted with the Night” (pg 212) as a class and discuss class and discuss

Read “Grief of Mind” (pg. 213)individually/pairs Read “Grief of Mind” (pg. 213)individually/pairs Read “ABC” (pg. 213) individually/pairsRead “ABC” (pg. 213) individually/pairs

Assignment: Assignment: Questions 1 a,b,c; 2; 4 pg. 214Questions 1 a,b,c; 2; 4 pg. 214Hand in tomorrow.Hand in tomorrow.

Poetry Literary TermsPoetry Literary TermsLiterary Terms bookletLiterary Terms booklet

90. Sonnet (14 lines) that consists of 90. Sonnet (14 lines) that consists of three quatrains (4 line stanza) three quatrains (4 line stanza) finishing with a rhyming couplet.finishing with a rhyming couplet. Rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg Iambic Pentameter (ten syllables per Iambic Pentameter (ten syllables per

line)line)

Poetry Literary TermsPoetry Literary TermsLiterary Terms bookletLiterary Terms booklet

77. Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet: Sonnet 77. Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet: Sonnet (14 lines) that consists of two parts: the (14 lines) that consists of two parts: the #66 octave (first 8 lines which presents #66 octave (first 8 lines which presents a question or problem) and the #88 a question or problem) and the #88 sestet (final six lines which presents the sestet (final six lines which presents the solution or conclusion)solution or conclusion) Rhyme scheme is abbaabbacdecdeRhyme scheme is abbaabbacdecde Often celebrate a beautiful ladyOften celebrate a beautiful lady

96. Stanza: A “chunk” or paragraph of poetry96. Stanza: A “chunk” or paragraph of poetry 93. Sonnet: 14 line lyric poem with a set form and 93. Sonnet: 14 line lyric poem with a set form and

rhyme scheme.rhyme scheme. 81. Quatrain: four line stanza (Shakespearean sonnet)81. Quatrain: four line stanza (Shakespearean sonnet) 84. Rhyme Scheme: The pattern of rhymes in a poem 84. Rhyme Scheme: The pattern of rhymes in a poem

marked by lower case letters.marked by lower case letters. 85. Rhythm: The arrangement of stressed and 85. Rhythm: The arrangement of stressed and

unstressed syllables into a pattern. unstressed syllables into a pattern. 50. Internal rhyme: Rhyme occurs within a line (end 50. Internal rhyme: Rhyme occurs within a line (end

rhyme is when the rhyme occurs at the end of lines rhyme is when the rhyme occurs at the end of lines which marks rhyme scheme)which marks rhyme scheme)

14. Caesura: Natural break within a line of poetry14. Caesura: Natural break within a line of poetry 13. Blank verse: Unrhymed iambic pentameter (10 13. Blank verse: Unrhymed iambic pentameter (10

syllables per line, with stressed syllables on every syllables per line, with stressed syllables on every second syllable.)second syllable.)

EG. Paradise Lost EG. Paradise Lost A dungeon horrible on all sides roundA dungeon horrible on all sides round As one great furnace flamed, yet from those flamesAs one great furnace flamed, yet from those flames No light, but rather darkness visibleNo light, but rather darkness visible

46. Iambic Pentameter: 10 syllables per line with 46. Iambic Pentameter: 10 syllables per line with stressed syllable on every second syllable. Each stressed syllable on every second syllable. Each rhymes.rhymes.