English 11 Honors:

November 9 & 10, 2016

Agenda - 11/9/2016

Quarter 1 Grade Sheets – Informational

Q2 Late Passes & IR Weekly Assignment Dates

Collect Patrick Henry Speech Packet

Patrick Henry/Literary Term Quiz

Quarter 1 Reflection/Vocab.com (Ch. 16 & 17)

Reason and Revolution

Guided Notes

Benjamin Franklin

“Pursuit of Moral Perfection”

Aphorisms

Ben Franklin’s Poor Richard’s Almanac

Homework: Create two aphorisms and finish Ch. 16 & 17 on

Vocab.com – Due 11/11!

Q2 - IR Weekly Assignment Due Dates

Book Approval – November 15 &16

Week 1: November 21 & 22

Week 2: November 30 & December 1

Week 3: December 8 & 9

Week 4: December 14 & 15

Final Project: January 5 & 6

Reason and Revolution –

Unit Objectives In this unit, students will examine some of the historical documents

that helped shape the nation with an emphasis on the rhetorical skills of Revolutionary Era writers and speakers. Students will be asked not only to identify elements of rhetoric within the documents, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of these elements to better understand the colonial voices that, in the course of time and under the pressure of novel ideas and events, contributed to the American Revolution.

Essential Questions

What historical people and items influenced the literature of this period?

What was the purpose of writing during the American Revolution?

How do writers of non-fiction texts use examples, evidence, and other rhetorical strategies to convince a reader of their claim?

Why was defining an American so important to Americans during this time period?

Themes found during the

Reason and Revolution time period (1750-1810)

or the literary movement of Classicism:

• Reason is the dominating characteristic of nature

and human nature

• Classicism values

• CLARITY

• BALANCE

• ORDER

• REASON

• Simplicity, reason, and common sense valued

over imagination

Reason and Revolution Time Period:

• Language is the source of growing American power:o Most literature in America in the 18th century was

political: newspapers, pamphlets, broadsides, essays, letters. Themes: free thought; human potential; power of the mind

to shape own destiny; power of language to express that destiny

Subjects: liberty, government, law, reason, individual and national freedom

o Prose: writing is predominately informative and political; reflecting the rationalism of the age. Travel literature and scientific works on a large scale

o Drama: religious opposition to drama so stubborn in America that plays were not legally presented in Philadelphia until 1787 and in Boston until 1791.

o Novel: objections to frivolous or immoral fiction colored the earliest novels which were heavily didactic.

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

• Printer/Publisher/Author:

Autobiography

Poor Richard’s Almanac –every year for 25 years

Pennsylvania Gazette

scientific essays

printed money for Congress

• Scientist: lightening experimentation, static electricity, a variety of other studies.

• Inventor: bi-focal lenses; glass harmonica; Franklin Stove; lightening rod.

Franklin Stove

During Franklin's time in colonial America, the severe winters would

make it extremely cold in people's houses. Not only was this a result

of poor insulation, but homes back then were built purely of wood.

Many colonists counteracted this problem of cold spells by building

open fires inside. Indeed, this was tremendously dangerous and

harmful to the welfare of both families and their dwellings. Franklin

rectified this unsafe method of heating by inventing the iron furnace

stove, also know as the Franklin Stove. The appliance allowed people

to warm their homes less dangerously and with less wood.

Franklin's Glass Harmonica

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

• Politician:

Committee to draft the Declaration of Independence

Delegate to the Continental Congress

Committee to draft the Constitution

President of Pennsylvania

Ambassador to France

First Post Master General

• Merchant: retired at age 40 a millionaire.

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

• Philanthropist:

Helped establish he first public hospital:

Pennsylvania Hospital

Helped establish the public education

system – network of schools evolve to

become the University of Pennsylvania

Helped establish the first public library

Established first all-volunteer fire brigade –

Union Fire Co.

Established first fire insurance company –

Philadelphia Contributionship

Established the Franklin Fund – loans given

to selected apprentices in the cities of

Philadelphia and Boston

Fund expired in 1990 as per his will

Never patented his inventions

Fire Department: In 1736, Benjamin

Franklin started the first fire department

ever. Located in Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania, it was called the Union

Fire Company.

FIRE SEAL

The following picture is that of a fire seal. Its

purpose was to indicate which homes had fire

insurance

Interesting Fact…

In his will, Franklin bequeathed $1,000 lbs sterling, roughly $4,000 (the salary he received as President of Pennsylvania), to the Commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. The purpose of these funds was to supply the artisans of the cities of Philadelphia and Boston with low interest loans so that they might pursue the mastering of their trade without incurring great financial burden. He instructed that this be invested for two hundred years and at the end of that period, the funds were to be dissolved and the money should be used to do good. Franklin died in 1790. In 1990, his gift to Philadelphia had grown to over $2 million while Boston's portion stood at $458,846.

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

• Theology:

The most acceptable service to

God is doing good to man.”

For Franklin, the act of worship

was carried out most sincerely

when I was directed toward the

betterment of man in his

practical, everyday human

relationship.

Adopted the Puritan teachings of

the 13 Virtues for their practical

usefulness.

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

Franklin was a Deist.

The tenants of Deism:

o There exists a Supreme Power (a

benevolent God)

o The Supreme Power must be

worshipped

o Rejection of the miraculous and

mystic

o All vices and crimes should be

expiated and effaced by

repentance

o God is a clockmaker: He creates

man, winds him up, and lets him go

without any intervention for man

is master of his own fate.

Moral Perfection

"It was about this time I conceiv'd the bold and difficult project of arriving at moral perfection. I wish'd to live without committing any fault at any time; ...

Aphorisms

a terse saying embodying a

general truth, or astute

observation

Power tends to corrupt, and absolute

power corrupts absolutely.

Don’t cry over spilled milk.

A penny saved is a penny earned.

Chiasmus the figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to

each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point; that is, the clauses display inverted parallelism.

"You forget what you want to remember, and you remember what you want to forget."(Cormac McCarthy, The Road, 2006)

"In the end, the true test is not the speeches a president delivers; it’s whether the president delivers on the speeches."(Hillary Clinton, March 2008)

"I had a teacher I liked who used to say good fiction's job was to comfort the disturbed and disturb the comfortable."(David Foster Wallace)

"I flee who chases me, and chase who flees me."(Ovid)

"Fair is foul, and foul is fair."(William Shakespeare, Macbeth I.i)

Litotes

ironical understatement in which an

affirmative is expressed by the negative of

its contrary (double negative)

EXAMPLE: You won't be sorry (meaning

you'll be glad)

“Pursuit of Moral Perfection”

As you read/annotate, look for the following:

Point of View

Rhetorical Devices (Lit Terms)

Ethos, Pathos, Logos

All of the ones from your notes!

Anecdotes (a short account of a real incident or person, often

humorous or interesting)

Juxtaposition (comparing one thing to another)

Diction

Tone and tonal change throughout

At the end of the excerpt answer the following questions:

How does his tone change at the end of the piece?

Ultimately, what does Franklin learn by doing this experiment?

Original Aphorisms

Ben Franklin was very well known for his aphorisms,

as we saw in his piece “Moral Perfection.” It is your

task to create your own unique and original

aphorisms. Your parents and teachers have probably

told you many aphorisms in your lifetime, but those

are not unique. You need to create two of your own.

You will then decorate these aphorisms and it will

displayed in the room. They will be worth 20 pts. each

(That’s 40 pts!). You will also need a short explanation

on the back of your aphorism. Make sure this

explanation is correct in grammar and spelling and

that it adequately explains what your aphorism

means.

Aphorism Rubric

Aesthetics – creative and neat

5 4 3 2 1

Paragraph on back – explanation and grammar 5 4

3 2 1

Originality

5 4 3 2 1

Tersely worded and easy to remember

5 4 3 2 1

TOTAL: _____/20 x 2