england tightens control over the colonies. after the french and indian war, britain wanted to...
TRANSCRIPT
England tightens control over the
colonies
After the French and After the French and Indian War, Britain Indian War, Britain wanted to governwanted to govern all its landholdings in North America equally
Parliament began to Parliament began to impose new laws and impose new laws and restrictions restrictions on colonists
After the period of Salutary Neglect, many colonists felt their colonists felt their freedoms were being freedoms were being limitedlimited
Forbid colonists from Forbid colonists from settling west of the settling west of the Appalachian MountainsAppalachian Mountains
England wanted to prevent further conflict with the Natives, especially after Pontiac’s Rebellion
Colonists wanted to move into the fertile valley of the Ohio River and many felt they had earned the right by helping to win the war
England needed troops in the colonies troops in the colonies to enforce restrictions to enforce restrictions the Proclamation.
Quartering Act (1765) Quartering Act (1765) –Required colonists to –Required colonists to house British soldiers house British soldiers and provide them with and provide them with suppliessupplies
Most of the troops were stationed in New York with General Thomas Gage
England had a huge debt from the war, and the quartering act required even more money.
Colonial assemblies had been responsible for creating taxes to support the colonial military
Sugar Act Sugar Act – tax on – tax on sugar, molasses and other products shipped to products shipped to colonies;colonies; included a harsh punishment for harsh punishment for smugglingsmuggling
Many colonial merchants had been trading smuggled goods and reacted angrily to the new enforcement
Colonial leaders criticized Colonial leaders criticized the direct taxation the direct taxation by Parliament
James Otis argued that Parliament had no right to tax the colonies because they had no because they had no direct representation in direct representation in ParliamentParliament
England argued that since colonists benefited from English laws they were subject to be taxed.
Required that all legal & all legal & commercial documents commercial documents have an official stamp have an official stamp showing a tax had been showing a tax had been paid for thempaid for them
Stamp ActStamp Act: new type of : new type of tax tax – not on imported goods, but applied to items within the colonies. directly on colonistsdirectly on colonists
Colonial leaders continued to question the legality of being taxed without representation
Met in New York City; first time colonies met to act together in protest
Created petition to petition to King protesting the King protesting the actact
Declared right to tax the colonies rested with colonial legislatures
Colonial merchants merchants boycotted British goodsboycotted British goods
Colonists formed secret societies to secret societies to oppose British oppose British policiespolicies
Most were people who’s businesses were most affected by the tax
Many groups staged protests against the taxes; some were violent with fires set and tax collectors tarred and feathered
•The protests had an The protests had an effect on British effect on British MerchantsMerchants. They were scared their trade with the colonies would be hurt
•William Pitt agreed with colonists about taxation and representation and criticized the Stamp Act
•Parliament repealed Parliament repealed the Stamp Act in 1766the Stamp Act in 1766
•Declaratory Act (1766) Declaratory Act (1766) – Parliament declared it – Parliament declared it had supreme power over had supreme power over the coloniesthe colonies