Engineering Geodesy

Martin Vermeer

7th September 2010

Contents ii

Contents

1 General 1

2 Construction surveying 22.1 Tolerances, definition, working with tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2 Measurements in-factory and on building site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 Setting-out measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.4 Inspection measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3 Geodetic networks 2D and 3D; horizontal and vertical control 33.1 Points, base networks for construction surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.2 GNSS in engineering surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 Designing and measuring tacheometer networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.4 Integration of tacheo and GNSS, combined adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . 3

4 High-precision measurements 44.1 Precise measurement of lengths, angles and height differences . . . . . . . 44.2 Industrial measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3 Various tools and implements for engineering geodetic measurement . . . . 44.4 Laser scanning in engineering geodesy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

5 Road surveying 55.1 Geodesy in road construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 Machine guidance in road construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

6 Applications 66.1 Earthwork surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 Pipeline, tunnel and mine surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.3 Railroad surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.4 Bridge surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5 Deformation Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6.5.1 Geodetic monitoring of natural hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5.2 Monitoring of reservoirs and reservoir dams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5.3 Deformation measurements on bridges, towers, other large structures 6

6.6 Scientific installation surveys (accelerators, telescopes, ...) . . . . . . . . . 6

1

Chapter 1

General

Principles; control; economy of accuracy; consistency; the independent check; safeguarding

(Schofield and Breach, 2007, pp. 2-4, section 1.2)

2

Chapter 2

Construction surveying

(Salmenpera, 2004)

(Kavanagh, 2006) pp. 365-366: II.1, II.2; Chapter 16, pp. 532-551.

2.1 Tolerances, definition, working with tolerances

Engineering tolerance

2.2 Measurements in-factory and on building site

2.3 Setting-out measurements

2.4 Inspection measurements

3

Chapter 3

Geodetic networks 2D and 3D;horizontal and vertical control

3.1 Points, base networks for construction surveying

3.2 GNSS in engineering surveys

3.3 Designing and measuring tacheometer networks

3.4 Integration of tacheo and GNSS, combined adjustment

4

Chapter 4

High-precision measurements

4.1 Precise measurement of lengths, angles and heightdifferences

4.2 Industrial measurements

4.3 Various tools and implements for engineering geodeticmeasurement

4.4 Laser scanning in engineering geodesy

5

Chapter 5

Road surveying

5.1 Geodesy in road construction

Setting out curves; (Schofield and Breach, 2007) pp. 372-380, section 10.2.

Highway curves; (Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 11, pp. 380-440 (forget about American special-ties and feet!)

Highway construction surveys (Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 12, pp. 442-463.

Municipal street construction surveys (Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 13, pp. 464-488.

5.2 Machine guidance in road construction

(Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 10, pp. 368-379.

6

Chapter 6

Applications

6.1 Earthwork surveying

Quantity and Final Surveys (Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 17, pp. 552-578.

6.2 Pipeline, tunnel and mine surveying

(Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 14, pp.489-513.

6.3 Railroad surveying

6.4 Bridge surveys

(Kavanagh, 2006) Chapter 15, pp. 514-531.

6.5 Deformation Monitoring

(Salmenpera, 2002)

6.5.1 Geodetic monitoring of natural hazards

6.5.2 Monitoring of reservoirs and reservoir dams

6.5.3 Deformation measurements on bridges, towers, other largestructures

6.6 Scientific installation surveys (accelerators, telescopes,...)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 7

Bibliography

Kavanagh, B. F. (2006). Surveying with Construction Applications. Prentice Hall, 7thedition.

Salmenpera, H. (2002). Valvonta- ja muodonmuutosmittaukset. Tampereen teknillinenyliopisto / Geoinformatiikan laboratorio, Tampere.

Salmenpera, H. (2004). Talonrakennuksen mittaukset. Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto /Geoinformatiikan laboratorio, Tampere.

Schofield, W. and Breach, M. (2007). Engineering Surveying. Elsevier, 6th edition.