Energy – What is it?Energy is the ability of things to change or to cause change

in other things

Work takes place when energy is transferred to an object causing it

to move or change.

It is measured in Joules (J) (the energy needed to push with a force of 1

newton for a distance of 1 meter)

Kinetic and Potential

All energy exists as either kinetic or potential energy

Potential Energy:

energy that is due to

position; stored

What are the 2 basic forms of energy?

Gravitational Chemical Elastic

Energy potential that comes from

and object’s height and

weight

Energy potential comes from the

atoms it contains and the chemical

reactions that take place within

the object

Energy potential an object being compressed or

stretched

Three types of potential energy:Three types of potential energy:

Kinetic Energy : the energy of motion

• It is energy in use. All moving objects have kinetic energy.

• It can do work

• Depends on mass and velocity

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy

Heat (Thermal) EnergyHeat (Thermal) Energy

Heat energy is caused by the kinetic energy (movement) of the molecules (particles) within an object. The faster the

particles move, the more heat energy is produced.

Chemical Energy

Chemical energy is the energy that is located in the chemical

bonds within a substance. When these bonds are broken

and reform to create new substances, chemical energy is

released.

Electrical Energy

Electrical energy is energy of electrical charges caused by moving electrons.

Mechanical EnergyMechanical energy is the total amount of potential and kinetic

energy in a moving object.

It can be potential mechanical energy or kinetic mechanical

energy

A pendulum is a good example of an object that has mechanical energy. It

continually changes kinetic energy into potential energy and back into

kinetic energy as it swings back and forth.

Nuclear EnergyNuclear energy is found within the nucleus of an atom.

•Fusion is when 2 or more nuclei come together (sun)•Fission is when nuclei get split apart (nuclear power)

Electromagnetic EnergyElectromagnetic Energy

Energy that travels in waves. They have both electrical and magnetic properties.

Light (Radient) EnergyLight energy is a form of electromagnetic

energy that moves in waves. These waves allow you to see the world around you.

Eye Spy

Can you find a connection (transformation) with light, heat, and chemical energy?

Hint: Look at the pictures!

A match’s stored chemical energy can be turned into

light and heat energy.

There is not just one form of energy for an object

Energy conversions are always happening

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy can NEVER be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another

This happens in a closed system.

Examples:

•Solar calculator (light to electrical)

•Windmill (mechanical to electrical)

•Glow stick (chemical to light)

•Firecracker (chemical to sound and light)

What type of energy transformations are shown??

Electrical light/heat Mechanical (p) Mechanical (k)

Mechanical (p) Mechanical (k) Electrical

Chemical Radiant (Em), thermal, sound Chemical light, heat