energy transformation
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Energy Transformation . in an Ecosystem. Ecology. The study of the interactions between living and non-living things. All living things rely on other things to survive. Review-Levels of Organization. Organism =individual living thing - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ecology• The study of the
interactions between living and non-living things.
• All living things rely on other things to survive.
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Organism=individual living thing
Population=group of the same species that lives in one area
Community=group of different species that live together in one area
Ecosystem=all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks, and other nonliving things in a given area. Ecosystems can
vary in size.
Biome=major regional or global community of organisms
Review-Levels of Organization
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Energy in Ecosystems• All organisms must have a source of energy to
survive.– Must have food!
• Energy is transferred between organisms in food webs from producers to consumers.
• The energy is used by organisms to carry out complex tasks.
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Where does the energy come from?
• Producers (autotrophs): make their own food• Consumers (heterotrophs): obtain energy by
eating other living or dead organisms– Herbivores– Carnivores– Omnivores– Detritivores– Decomposers
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Producers (Autotrophs)• Make their own food• Converts the energy absorbed from the
sun into chemical energy through photosynthesis
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• Organisms that eat only plants• Primary
consumers-eat producers
Herbivores
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Carnivores• Organisms that
eat only animals• Secondary
consumers-eat primary consumers
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Omnivores• Organisms that
eat both plants and animals• Tertiary
consumer-eat secondary consumer
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Detritivores Organisms that
eat detritus, or dead organic
matter
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Decomposers Detritivores
that break down organic matter
into simpler compounds
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Showing Transformation of Energy• Food Chains• Food Webs • Energy Pyramids
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Trophic Levels
• Levels of nourishment in a food chain or energy pyramid.
• Energy flows up the food chain/energy pyramid from the lowest trophic level to the highest.
• 10% of total energy is transferred to the next level
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Food Chain• Diagram that follows just one path as animals find food• Arrows are used to show the direction of energy movement
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Food Webs• Diagram used to show how plants and
animals are connected in many ways to help them all survive– Shows what-eats-what
• Arrows are used to show the direction of energy movement
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Energy Pyramids• Diagram that illustrates how available
energy is distributed among trophic levels in an ecosystem.
• As you move up an energy pyramid:– Amount of energy being transferred decreases– Population size also decreases
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Energy Pyramid
Rabbit(Herbivore)
1st Trophic Level
2nd Trophic Level
3rd Trophic Level
Energy is transferred up…from the grass, to the rabbit, and then to the hawk.