Energy Tracking & Energy Tracking & Storage for an Storage for an

Autonomous System Autonomous System

OASISOASISMir Ziyad AliMir Ziyad Ali

Liron KopinskyLiron Kopinsky

Christopher WallaceChristopher Wallace

Sarah WhildinSarah Whildin

Joseph YadgarJoseph Yadgar

Top Level OverviewTop Level Overview

Work DivisionWork Division

Mir Ziyad AliMir Ziyad Ali PowerPower Sarah WhildinSarah Whildin MovementMovement Joseph YadgarJoseph Yadgar Light Detection Light Detection

System IntegrationSystem Integration Chris WallaceChris Wallace Hardware Design Hardware Design

Implement SoftwareImplement Software Liron KopinskyLiron Kopinsky Software DesignSoftware Design

Implement SoftwareImplement Software

Liron Kopinsky

Liron Kopinsky

Liron Kopinsky

Chris Wallace

FPGA/PCB InterfaceFPGA/PCB Interface

Ribbon Cables to Headers on the PCBRibbon Cables to Headers on the PCB Configurable CMOS-CMOS Level Configurable CMOS-CMOS Level

Shifters.Shifters. VCC determines input levelVCC determines input level VDD voltage determines output levelVDD voltage determines output level 6 Shifters per package6 Shifters per package

Chris Wallace

Power Save Mode HardwarePower Save Mode HardwarePIC16F688-Program Memory: 7168 bytes-RAM: 256 bytes

Chris Wallace

-Data EEPROM 256 bytes-Timer(8-bit, 16bit), Interrupts

Chris Wallace

User Input and LCDUser Input and LCD

Push buttons on Spartan board to Push buttons on Spartan board to toggle information on LCD.toggle information on LCD.

Optrex 16x4 parallel display.Optrex 16x4 parallel display. Uses HD44780 controller chipUses HD44780 controller chip Will use GPIOs for writing to LCD.Will use GPIOs for writing to LCD.

Chris Wallace

Parts ListParts List

7 - MC14504B CMOS-CMOS level 7 - MC14504B CMOS-CMOS level shiftersshifters

1 – Optrex 16x4 LCD1 – Optrex 16x4 LCD 1 – Spartan 3 Starter Board1 – Spartan 3 Starter Board 3 – 40 Pin Headers3 – 40 Pin Headers 1 – PIC16F6881 – PIC16F688 1 – IRF640 HEXFET Power MOSFET1 – IRF640 HEXFET Power MOSFET

Chris Wallace

Power SystemPower System

Three Solar PanelsConnected in series to produce

27 Watts (18V x 1.5A)

Ste

p d

ow

n

Sig

na

lA/D Conversion for sending signal to FPGA to know how much output Current coming

from the PV Cells

Charge Controller for the Solar Panel. It’s

using PWM charging principle to optimize

battery charging.

Optimized Output

12V

27

Ah

De

ep

Cyc

le

Lea

d A

cid

Ba

ttery

PV Cell Output Battery Output

Step-Down DC-DC Switching Regulator to

produce 1.5 A, 5V for the FPGA

To FPGA

A/D Conversion for sending signal to FPGA to know how

much charge left into the battery

Ste

p d

ow

n

Sig

na

lT

o M

oto

r D

rive

rMir Ziyad Ali

Space Age Solar PanelsSpace Age Solar PanelsHighest Power to Size RatioHighest Power to Size Ratio

SPE – 500SPE – 500 Dual Output Panels for 6 & 12 Volt Charging Systems. Dual Output Panels for 6 & 12 Volt Charging Systems. Single-crystal silicon super cells used in space satellite Single-crystal silicon super cells used in space satellite

applications. Lightweight and durable design-panels are applications. Lightweight and durable design-panels are encapsulated, temperature and weather resistant.encapsulated, temperature and weather resistant.

Three Panels connected in parallel to produce 27 Watts (1.5A, Three Panels connected in parallel to produce 27 Watts (1.5A, 18V) for the entire system.18V) for the entire system.

Total weight is about 57 oz (3.52 lbs)Total weight is about 57 oz (3.52 lbs) Size W" x L" : 12.25" x 26.25"Size W" x L" : 12.25" x 26.25"

+ - + - + -Charge

Controller

Mir Ziyad Ali

Charge ControllerCharge Controller

Mir Ziyad Ali

R3

120

C4

100nFC6

4.7nF

R1

800k

V20-18 Vdc

R2

2.8k

D4

D1N750

C5

22uF

R8

796

C2

220uF

TSC427

34

87

65

21

GNDIN B

NCOUT A

VddOUT B

IN ANC

C1

220uF

R4

33k

V112 Vdc

C8

47nF

C3

100nF

Q1IRF640

Load

100

LF 356

OPAMP

+

-

OUT

V112 Vdc

UC3525A

14

16

13

11

123

6

78 9

54

10

12

15

Output B

VREF

Vc

Output A

Inv InputN.I. InputSync

RT

DischargeSoft-Start Compensator

CTOsc Output

Shutdown

GND

+Vin

C7

1uF

L2

333uH

1

2

D1

MUR820

L1

66uH

1 2

R6

10k

C3

440uF

Deep Cycle BatteryDeep Cycle Battery BP28-12 Maintenance - Free BP28-12 Maintenance - Free

Rechargeable Sealed Lead-Acid Rechargeable Sealed Lead-Acid 6 cell (in series) Battery.6 cell (in series) Battery.

28 Ah 12V Storage capacity, 28 Ah 12V Storage capacity, which will supply power to our which will supply power to our system for 6 hrs before system for 6 hrs before recharging it for 18 hours with recharging it for 18 hours with 1.5A charging current. 1.5A charging current.

20 hour rate F.V.(1.75V/cell) 20 hour rate F.V.(1.75V/cell) (1400 mA to 11.50 volts)(1400 mA to 11.50 volts)

Approximate Weight 9600g Approximate Weight 9600g (21.17lbs)(21.17lbs)

Maximum charge current is Maximum charge current is 8.5A8.5A

Dimension (inch)Dimension (inch)o Length ..........6.89Length ..........6.89o Width ............6.54Width ............6.54o Height............4.92Height............4.92

Mir Ziyad Ali

Switching RegulatorsSwitching Regulators

For all step-down DC-DC voltages, I’ll be using state-of-the-For all step-down DC-DC voltages, I’ll be using state-of-the-art TI’s PTN78000W: a series of high-efficiency, step-down art TI’s PTN78000W: a series of high-efficiency, step-down Integrated Switching Regulator (ISR). This ISR will help me Integrated Switching Regulator (ISR). This ISR will help me to reduce system power loss significantly contrary to linear to reduce system power loss significantly contrary to linear voltage regulator that has considerable loss. It features voltage regulator that has considerable loss. It features

1.5-A Output Current1.5-A Output Current Wide-Input Voltage (7 V to 36 V)Wide-Input Voltage (7 V to 36 V) Wide-Output Voltage Adjust (2.5 V to 12.6 V)Wide-Output Voltage Adjust (2.5 V to 12.6 V) High Efficiency (Up to 95%)High Efficiency (Up to 95%) On/Off InhibitOn/Off Inhibit Output Current LimitOutput Current Limit Overtemperature ShutdownOvertemperature Shutdown Operating Temp: –40°C to 85°COperating Temp: –40°C to 85°C

Mir Ziyad Ali

Parts ListParts List MUR 820MUR 820 200V 8A TO-220AC Ultrafast POWER Diode 200V 8A TO-220AC Ultrafast POWER Diode IRF640IRF640 HEXFET Power MOSFET 200V 18A HEXFET Power MOSFET 200V 18A UC3525AUC3525A PWM Chip 100kHz Pulse PWM Chip 100kHz Pulse TSC427TSC427 MOSFET Gate Driver MOSFET Gate Driver LF356LF356 Operational Amplifiers Operational Amplifiers 220 220 μμF [4], 10 F [4], 10 μμF[4], 1 F[4], 1 μμF [2], 1 nF [4] CapacitorsF [2], 1 nF [4] Capacitors Transformers [2] (Inductance is determined)Transformers [2] (Inductance is determined) 1N4730 Diode1N4730 Diode 1k – 800 k1k – 800 kΩΩ range Resistors. range Resistors. SPE-500 18V, 500mA Solar Panel [3]SPE-500 18V, 500mA Solar Panel [3] BP28-12 Lead Acid BatteryBP28-12 Lead Acid Battery PTN78000W [2] and PT78ST105 [2] Switching RegulatorsPTN78000W [2] and PT78ST105 [2] Switching Regulators

Mir Ziyad Ali

LED Light SensorsLED Light Sensors

Joseph Yadgar

8:1 Multiplexer8:1 Multiplexer

Joseph Yadgar

Part ListPart List

Green LEDs (10)Green LEDs (10) ADC0804 Analog to Digital Converter ADC0804 Analog to Digital Converter

Chips (10)Chips (10) LF356N Op Amp Chips (10)LF356N Op Amp Chips (10) MAX308 8-Channel Analog Multiplexers (8)MAX308 8-Channel Analog Multiplexers (8)

Joseph Yadgar

Printed Circuit BoardPrinted Circuit Board

Four layer boardFour layer board Everything will be on the PCB except Everything will be on the PCB except

for the power system.for the power system. We will be mounting the devices We will be mounting the devices

using both surface mounts and DIPs.using both surface mounts and DIPs. We plan to have our first PCB layout We plan to have our first PCB layout

done in the next week.done in the next week.

Joseph Yadgar

Motor Control SystemMotor Control SystemOverviewOverview

Logic signals sent from Logic signals sent from microprocessor to motor control microprocessor to motor control system. system.

Motors operate in forward or reverse. Motors operate in forward or reverse. Shaft encoders detect position Shaft encoders detect position

information.information.

ΔV

Sarah Whildin

Motor Control SchematicMotor Control Schematic

VCC

In1

CE1

IN2

M

B?

Motor Step

100pF

C?

Cap

U?

Optoisolator1

U?

Optoisolator1

U?

Optoisolator1

12345678 9

10111213141516

KA3100D

Vcc

PGNDSGNDIN1OUT2VS1OUT1CE1

PGNDCE2OUT3VS2OUT4IN2NCNC

*

Component_3

*B

Component_4

ENC OUT

Sarah Whildin

Part ListPart List 2 Stepper Motors with shaft encoders – 2 Stepper Motors with shaft encoders –

Model AM23-150-2-ENC from Advanced Model AM23-150-2-ENC from Advanced Micro Systems, INC.Micro Systems, INC.

2 Motor Drivers – KA3100D from Fairchild 2 Motor Drivers – KA3100D from Fairchild SemiconductorSemiconductor

6 Optoisolators – Model 6N1386 Optoisolators – Model 6N138 2 quadrature decoders – Model HCTL – 2 quadrature decoders – Model HCTL –

2032 from Agilent. 2032 from Agilent. Various Capacitors and ResistorsVarious Capacitors and Resistors

Sarah Whildin

QuestionsQuestions

OASISOASISMir Ziyad AliMir Ziyad Ali

Liron KopinskyLiron Kopinsky

Christopher WallaceChristopher Wallace

Sarah WhildinSarah Whildin

Joseph YadgarJoseph Yadgar