energy principle? · topic 5: energy changes flashcards . what is the conservation of energy...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AQA Chemistry GCSETopic 5: Energy Changes
Flashcards
www.pmt.education
![Page 2: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is the conservation of energy principle?
www.pmt.education
![Page 3: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is the conservation of energy principle?
Energy is conserved in chemical reactions. The amount of energy in the universe at the end of a chemical reaction is the same as before the reaction takes place
www.pmt.education
![Page 4: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is an exothermic reaction? Give examples
www.pmt.education
![Page 5: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is an exothermic reaction? Give examples
A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings so that the surroundings temperature increases – combustion, oxidation reactions and
neutralisation (acid + alkali) reactions. Negative sign of energy change.
www.pmt.education
![Page 6: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is an endothermic reaction? Give examples
www.pmt.education
![Page 7: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is an endothermic reaction? Give examples
A reaction where energy is taken in from the surroundings so the surroundings temperature decreases – thermal decomposition, reaction of citric acid and
sodium hydrogencarbonate. Negative sign of energy change.
www.pmt.education
![Page 8: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is activation energy?
www.pmt.education
![Page 9: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is activation energy?
Minimum amount of energy that particles need to react
www.pmt.education
![Page 10: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is a reaction profile?
www.pmt.education
![Page 11: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What is a reaction profile? Reaction profile is a graph which shows the relative energies of reactants and
product, as well as activation energy of the reaction.
www.pmt.education
![Page 12: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What occurs in a chemical reaction in terms of bond energies? Describe
exothermic and endothermic reactions in terms of bond breaking/forming.
Higher Tier Only
www.pmt.education
![Page 13: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What occurs in a chemical reaction in terms of bond energies? Describe exothermic and endothermic reactions in terms of bond
breaking/forming. Energy is supplied to break bonds and energy is released when bonds are made;
exothermic – energy released from forming bonds is greater than that needed to break the bonds; endothermic – energy needed to break bonds is greater than energy released making them
Higher Tier Only
www.pmt.education
![Page 14: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What is the equation to find enthalpy change in terms of
bond energies?Higher Tier Only
www.pmt.education
![Page 15: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What is the equation to find enthalpy change in terms of bond energies?
Energy of reaction = sum of bonds broken – sum of bonds made
Higher Tier Only
www.pmt.education
![Page 16: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What is a cell?
www.pmt.education
![Page 17: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What is a cell?
A cell is composed of two electrodes dipped in an electrolyte solution. It produces electricity from a chemical reaction.
www.pmt.education
![Page 18: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
What is a battery?
www.pmt.education
![Page 19: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
What is a battery?
A battery consists of two or more cells connected in series.
www.pmt.education
![Page 20: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What determines the voltage obtained from a cell?
www.pmt.education
![Page 21: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
What determines the voltage obtained from a cell?
Identities of metals used as electrodes and the identity and concentration of an electrolyte.
www.pmt.education
![Page 22: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
State the advantages and disadvantages of using cells
and batteries.
www.pmt.education
![Page 23: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
State the advantages and disadvantages of using cells and batteries.
(+) more or less cheap, some are rechargeable, a convenient source of electrical energy
(-) harmful chemicals
www.pmt.education
![Page 24: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Describe rechargeable and non-rechargeable cells
www.pmt.education
![Page 25: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Describe rechargeable and non-rechargeable cells
Rechargeable – chemical reactions are reversed when an external current is supplied
Non-rechargeable – reactants are used up, cannot be recharged
www.pmt.education
![Page 26: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
What is a fuel cell? What is the overall reaction in a hydrogen
fuel cell? What are the half equations?
Reactions Higher tier only
www.pmt.education
![Page 27: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
What is a fuel cell?
Fuel cells are supplied by fuel and oxygen to oxidise the fuel to generate electricity.
Reactions Higher tier only
www.pmt.education
![Page 28: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What is the overall reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell? What are the
half equations?
Reactions Higher tier only
www.pmt.education
![Page 29: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What is the overall reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell? What are the half equations?
Cathode: 2 H2 → 4 H+ + 4 e−
Anode: O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e−→ 2 H2O
Overall: → 2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O Reactions Higher tier only
www.pmt.education
![Page 30: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen
fuel cells?
www.pmt.education
![Page 31: energy principle? · Topic 5: Energy Changes Flashcards . What is the conservation of energy principle? ... Give examples A reaction where energy is transferred to the surroundings](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062415/5fc24a0c7a5b41026529027a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen fuel cells?
Advantages: no pollutants, no recharging
Disadvantages: flammable, H2 difficult to store, fossil fuel production, toxic chemicals, expensive production of H2 by electrolysis
www.pmt.education