EnergyPOTENTIAL AND KINETIC

Objectives

Explain the concepts of kinetic and potential energy.

Understand that energy can change from one form into another.

Law of conservation of energy

Energy

3 different items:

Battery

Apple

Jonah sitting on his stool

What do all of these items have in common?

Energy

Battery has electrical energy (in the form of electrical, potential or stored energy), which can be used by a flashlight or a portable CD player.

The food contains chemical energy that is used by the body as fuel

Jonah sitting on a stool has potential energy (sometimes called gravitational potential energy)

What is energy

Defines as the ability to cause change

Types include Electrical

Thermal

Radiant/ Light

Sound

Nuclear

chemical

2 types of mechanical energy

Potential energy- stored energy. Ex- waiting at the top of a slide

Kinetic energy- energy in motion. Ex. Going down the slide KE- depends on the mass and the velocity of the moving object

Potential energy

Chemical PE- energy stored in chemical bonds-

ex. Glass of milk has CPE- you drink it then calories are used as energy for your body

ex. Photosynthesis- energy from sun into chemical energy

Elastic PE- energy stored by something that can stretch or compress Ex .spring or rubber band

Gravitational PE

Anything that can fall has GPE Ex. Jonah falling from his stool

Energy

Energy can be converted from one form to another.

Law of conservation of energy- energy can be transformed from one form to another, but energy cannot be crated or destroyed. (total amount of energy never changes)

Ex. Photosynthesis- Sun’s radiant energy into chemical energy

Ex. Jonah had potential energy when sitting on the stool, which completely changed into kinetic energy when he moved.