ENERGY MANAGEMENT

TECHNIQUESGROUP 3

BY JERIN ANTONY

ENERGY MANAGEMENT

Energy management is the process of monitoring, controlling, and

conserving energy in a building or organization

THE GLOBAL NEED TO SAVE ENERGY Reduce the damage that we're

doing to our planet, Earth. As a human race we would probably find things rather difficult without the Earth, so it makes good sense to try to make it last.

Reduce our dependence on the fossil fuels that are becoming increasingly limited in supply.

CONTROLLING AND REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AT YOUR ORGANIZATION

Reduce costs – this is becoming increasingly important as energy costs rise.

Reduce carbon emissions and the environmental damage that they cause - as well as

the cost-related implications of carbon taxes and the like, your organization may be

keen to reduce its carbon footprint to promote a green, sustainable image. Not least

because promoting such an image is often good for the bottom line.

Reduce risk – the more energy you consume, the greater the risk that energy price

increases or supply shortages could seriously affect your profitability, or even make it

impossible for your business/organization to continue. With energy management you

can reduce this risk by reducing your demand for energy and by controlling it so as to

make it more predictable

HOW BEST TO MANAGE YOUR ENERGY CONSUMPTION

1. Metering your energy consumption and collecting the data

2. Finding and quantifying opportunities to save energy

3. Targeting the opportunities to save energy

4. Tracking your progress at saving energy

ENERGY SAVING TIPS there are some relatively simple techniques that can reduce

your company’s energy consumption, lower costs, and advance your conservation goals

LIGHTING Replace incandescent lighting with compact fluorescent lighting indoors and

outdoors. CFL is almost four times as efficient as incandescent bulbs and lasts

about 12 times longer

For outdoor lights, use a timer or photocell so they turn off automatically

during the daylight hours

For indoor lights, adjust lighting levels to your needs with three-way lamps,

dimmer switches for overhead lights, and task lighting

Use 4-foot fluorescent fixtures with T5 or T8 lights with reflective backing on

the fixture and electronic ballasts

Take advantage of natural light by placing work areas near windows

Install occupancy sensors, so lights go off automatically in unoccupied rooms

MOTORS When purchasing a new motor choose the most energy efficient one you can

afford. Premium efficiency motors cost about 20 percent more, but can have a

relatively short payback to off-set these costs.

Motors are oversized when they power end uses that require less horsepower

than the motor is capable of producing. Select a lower power motor and

operate it at a higher load factor near optimal efficiency to help justify the

motor replacement. Motors operated at low load factors have lower power

factors, thus having less efficiency.

Optimize transmission efficiency by using synchronous belts instead of v-belts.

V-belts can slip and deteriorate reducing efficiency at higher loads.

Consider using a variable speed drive motor system instead of traditional

motors when loads vary significantly over the course of daily use.

Make sure the voltage of the motor is as close to the design limits, found on the

nameplate, as possible. Voltage at the motor that is not within the design limits

leads to a decrease in power factor. Low power factors may be monetarily

penalized by your power company.

COMPRESSED AIR You can reduce compressed air costs by analyzing compressor operation

and reducing leaks.

Use a systems approach while operating and maintaining a compressed

air system.

Compressors can be staged with controls to optimize performance.

Implement a company-wide compressed air management policy to

eliminate unnecessary uses, fixing leaks and synchronizing use with

supply and demand.

Smaller compressors can be used to operate during unoccupied periods.

HVAC(HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING)

Reduce your facility’s load allowing the existing system to operate less

frequently.

Implementation of an energy management system can provide great savings

to your HVAC equipment.

Set zones to turn off exhaust fans when not needed and control the

temperature of spaces at night.

When purchasing new equipment, select units that are Energy Star qualified.

Consider energy recovery ventilation systems to reclaim waste energy from

exhaust and use it to condition the incoming air.

Combine a dehumidification component to your HVAC system to increase

customer or employee comfort and reduce the need for larger equipment.

REFRIGERATION Regular maintenance of refrigeration components such as coils, fans,

seals, etc. will help keep the system running at its designed efficiency level

Check temperature settings to ensure they are not lower than necessary

Keep refrigeration systems out of areas that have frequent fluctuations

in temperature - areas in direct sunlight or away from outside doors

Install a variable speed drive to control the level of refrigeration

necessary to keep items cool

Defrost cycles can be reduced by adding a sensor at the evaporator and

by running defrost at night

Use air curtain technology to seal in cool air and keep dust or other

contaminants out

THERMAL ENERGY Plug all oil leakage as leakage of one drop of oil per second amounts to a loss

of over 2000 liters/year.

Filter oil in stages. Impurities in oil affect combustion.

Incomplete combustion leads to wastage of fuel. Observe the color of smoke

emitted from chimney. Black smoke indicates improper combustion and fuel

wastage. White smoke indicates excess air and hence loss of heat. Hazy brown

smoke indicates proper combustion.

The maintenance in plant should follow the "zero leak" philosophy,

particularly in the areas of steam and utilities so that loss of energy could be

totally eliminated

BOILERS All possible attention- should be paid to control excess air by monitoring oxygen level

in flue gas and also by visual inspection of flame color.

Remove soot deposits when flue gas temperature rises 40°C above the normal. A

coating of 3mm thick soot on the heat transfer surface can cause an increase in fuel

consumption of as much as 2.5%.

Soot blowers can always be maintained in perfect working condition so that their

regular and periodic use does not suffer.

Recover heat from steam condensate. For every 6°C rise in boiler feed water

temperature through condensate return, there is 1% saving in fuel.

Improve boiler efficiency. Boilers should be monitored for flue gas losses, radiation

losses, incomplete combustion, blow down losses, excess air etc. Proper control can

decrease the consumption upto 20%.

Use only treated water in boilers. A scale formation of 1 mm

thickness on the waterside increases fuel consumption by 5-8%.

Stop steam leakage. Steam leakage from a 3 mm-diameter hole

on a pipeline carrying steam at 7kg/cm2 would waste 32 kl of fuel

oil per year amounting to a loss of Rs. 3 lakh.

Maintain steam pipe insulation. It has been estimated that a bare

steam pipe, 150 mm in diameter and 100m in length, carrying

saturated steam at 8kg/cm2 would waste 25 kl of furnace oil in a

year amounting to an annual loss of Rs. 2.5 lakh.

DIESEL GENERATING SET Maintain Diesel engines regularly.

A poorly maintained injection pump increases fuel consumption by

4gm/kWh.

Blocked filters increase fuel consumption by 2gm/kWh.

Measure fuel consumption per KWH of electricity generated regularly.

Take corrective action in case this shows a rising trend.

ENERGY MANAGEMENT CYCLE

Energy conservation… A little less now. A little more for the future……

THANK YOU…….