energy integration.pptx

8/14/2019 ENERGY INTEGRATION.pptx

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U S I N G P I N C H T E C H N O L O G Y

ENERGY INTEGRATION


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PINCH ANALYSIS

The design of a process starts with the reactors.

Once feeds, products, recycle concentrations andflow rates are known, the separators can be

designed. The basic process heat and material balance is

now in place, and the heat exchanger network canbe designed.

Now for designing these heat exchanger networkwe use pinch technology.


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Methodology for minimizing energy consumption ofprocess by:

1. Calculating minimum energy consumption.2. Achieving them by optimizing heat recovery

systems , energy supply methods, processoperating conditions.


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PINCH TECHNOLOGY

Process data represented as

1. Set of energy flows or streams

2. Function of heat load against temperature.

These data are combined for all streams in plant togive composite curves one for all

1. Hot streams

2. Cold streams


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Point of closest approach between hot and coldcomposite curves is Pinch point with a pinchtemperature for hot stream and one for cold

stream.

Now using two separate heat exchanger systems

1. One for below pinch temperature.2. One for above pinch temperature.


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CASE STUDY: AMMONIA PRODUCTION

Process:1. Converting natural gas (i.e., methane) or LPG or petroleum

naphtha into gaseous hydrogen[STEAM REFORMING]2. Sulfur removal requires catalytic hydrogenation to convert

sulfur compounds in the feedstocks to gaseous hydrogen

sulfide:H2 + RSH RH + H2S(gas)

3. The gaseous hydrogen sulfide is then adsorbed andremoved by passing it through beds of zinc oxide where it isconverted to solid zinc sulfide:

H2S + ZnO ZnS + H2O4. Catalytic steam reforming of the sulfur-free feedstock is thenused to form hydrogen plus carbon monoxide:

CH4 + H2O CO + 3H25. The next step then uses catalytic shift conversion to convertthe carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and more hydrogen:

CO + H2O CO2 + H2


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6. The carbon dioxide is then removed by absorptionin aqueous ethanolamine solutions.

7. The final step in producing the hydrogen is to usecatalytic methanation to remove any small residualamounts of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide fromthe hydrogen:

CO + 3H2 CH4 + H2O

CO2 + 4H2 CH4 +2H2O8. Now using these pure hydrogen to produce liquidammonia by Haber-Bosch process.


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REFRENCES

http://en.wikipedia.org/

http://www.ou.edu

http://www.sciencedirect.com

Yu H, Yao P, Yuan Y. Study of total process energy integration.

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 1999;7(2):1828. Linnhoff B, D.W. Townsend, D. Boland, G.F. Hewitt, B.E.A.

Thomas, A.R.Guy, and R.H. Marsland, User Guide on ProcessIntegration for the Efficient Use of Energy, IChemE, Rugby,U.K. (1982).

AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION :Article written by J. C.Copplestone (Petrochem) and Dr. C. M. Kirk (TaranakiPolytechnic) with revisions by S. L. Death, N. G. Betteridge andS. M. Fellows (all of Petrochem) and editing by HeatherWansbrough
http://en.wikipedia.org/http://www.ou.edu/http://www.sciencedirect.com/http://www.sciencedirect.com/http://www.ou.edu/http://www.ou.edu/http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/

energy integration.pptx

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