Energy Engineering - MCQs with answers

1. Energy is released from fossil fuels when they are___________________ a) Pumped b) Cooled c) Burned d) Pressurized

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Fossil fuels are fuels because they release heat energy when they are burned. They are fossil fuels because they were formed from the remains of living organisms billions of years ago. Some of the examples of fossil fuels are coal, oil and natural gas. 2. Oil release sulfur dioxide gas when they burn. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Oil release sulfur dioxide gas when they burn. This sulfur dioxide gas causes breathing problems for living creatures. Along with the health issue this sulfur dioxide which is emitted from oil also causes acid rain. 3. The most nuclear fuel used in the world is________________ a) Thorium – 232 b) Uranium – 238 c) Uranium – 235 d) Plutonium – 239

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: The most used nuclear fuel is Uranium – 235. It is a radioactive metal. Nuclear fuels like Uranium do not burnt to release energy. Instead, the fuels are involved in nuclear reaction in nuclear reaction in the nuclear reactor. 4. The blades in wind turbines are connected to________________ a) Nacelle b) Tower c) Foundations d) String

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: A nacelle is a cover housing that houses all of the generating components in a wind turbine. Wind turbines have huge blades mounted on a tall tower. The blades are connected to a nacelle. Thus the nacelle in wind turbines helps to work the wind turbines. 5. In the production of wave energy which form of energy is used? a) Potential energy b) Kinetic energy c) Solar energy d) Wind energy

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: The water in the sea rises and falls because of waves on the surface. Wave machines use the Kinetic

energy in this movement to drive electricity generators. Wave energy also known as ocean energy. Wave energy is essentially power drawn from waves. 6. A tidal barrage is a barrier built over a___________________ a) River bed b) River estuary c) River end d) River starting

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: A tidal barrage is a barrier built over a river estuary to make use of the kinetic energy in the moving water. Huge amounts of water move in and out of river mouths each day because of the tides. The barrage contains electricity generators. 7. In hydroelectricity power_________________ a) Kinetic energy is transferred to potential b) Potential energy is transferred to kinetic c) Solar energy is transferred to wind energy d) Wind energy is transferred to solar energy

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Hydroelectricity power stations use the kinetic energy in moving water. But the water comes from behind a dam built across a river valley. The water high up behind the dam contains potential energy. 8. Solar panels generate electricity. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Solar panels do not generate electricity. They just heat up water by the external electricity connection given to them. This solar panels are often located on the roofs of the building where they can receive heat energy directly from the sun. 9. In order to produce solar energy during sunlight, where the energy is stored in the batteries? a) Nickel Sulfur b) Zinc Cadmium c) Nickel Cadmium d) Nickel Zinc

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Nickel Cadmium cells offers along service life thereby ensuring a high degree of the economy. In the PV industry, Nickel Cadmium battery cells are majorly used for the energy storage technology from manufacturers and users of PV of grid systems. 10. How many forms of fossil fuels are there________________ a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: There are three major forms of fossil fuels they are coal, oil and natural gas. They formed from organic remains of plants and animals that were converted into coal, oil and natural gas by exposure to heat and the pressure of the earth’s crust over millions of years. 11. According to WHO, how many premature deaths annually linked to air pollution causing by the burning of fossil fuels? a) One million b) Three million c) Five million d) Seven million

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: Fossil fuels are not environmental friendly. Burning of fossil fuels result in pollution and can cause serious environmental concerns. According to WHO, 7 million premature deaths annually linked to air pollution by the fossil fuels burning. 12. Energy in the form of heat and light is obtained by________________ a) Biomass b) Fossil fuels c) Sun d) Wind

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Energy in the form of heat and light is obtained by sun. Sunlight contains a large amount of energy. The Sun’s energy warms the planet’s surface, powering titanic transfers of heat and pressure in weather patterns and ocean currents. 13. SI unit for energy is_____________ a) Watt b) Kilogram c) Newton d) Joule

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: SI unit for energy is joule. Metric unit of measurement for energy or work equal to a force of one Newton applied through a distance of one meter. One joule is equivalent to 0.737324 ft-lbs. Joule is a SI unit of work, energy and heat. 14. Trapped heat inside the earth is known as_______________ a) Heat energy b) Kinetic energy c) Geothermal energy d) Thermal energy

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Geothermal energy is the heat from the earth. It’s clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the ground to water and hot rock. The term geothermal originates from the Greek words. 1. Where does India stand on solar energy production? a) First

b) Third c) Fifth d) Seventh

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: Based on total PV installed capacity India ranks seventh in the solar production which is stated by International Energy Agency (IEA). First position is taken by China, third by Germany, fifth by Italy and seventh by India with the total production of 9000 MW. 2. India’s position in the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) is_________ a) fourth b) third c) second d) first

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: According to Global Wind Energy Council in 2016 India ranked fourth in the Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index with cumulative installed wind power generation. This gives the capacity of 28700 MW with the world’s share of around 6%. 3. Which country leads in the production of biofuel in the world? a) United States of America b) Brazil c) Germany d) Argentina

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: The United States is the largest producer of biofuel in the world, accounting to 42% of global biofuel production. The United States produced 31 metric tons of oil equivalents, while Brazil which stands second in the production of biofuel produced 18 million metric tons of oil equivalents. 4. India is placed within the top 25 nations, in terms of oil production in the world. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: India stands in the 24th position in terms of oil production in the world. The total amount of oil produced in India is 734,180 Barrel per day (bbl/day). Whereas the first three place go to Russia, Saudi Arabia and United States respectively. 5. The Arab states of the Persian Gulf are known for the production of ___________ a) Coal b) Copper c) Gold d) Petroleum

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: The Arab states of the Persian Gulf are the seven states in Arab which border the Persian Gulf, namely Iraq, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE. All these Arab states have significant production of petroleum. There GDP is highly depending on the production of petroleum.

6. India stands in the first position, in the production of coal in the world. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: India stands second position in the production of coal in the world. China stands in the first position in the production of coal in the world. According to 2016 survey India produces 3,411 million tons of coal, whereas China produces 7,461 million tons of coal. 7. Which country produces the largest share of electricity generated by nuclear power? a) India b) France c) China d) Japan

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: France produces the largest share of electricity generated by nuclear power. France accounts 75% of total electricity produced by nuclear power. India stands in the 27TH position with 306% of total electricity produced by nuclear power. 8. Total primary energy consumption of fuel in the world is lead by ___________ a) Coal b) Nuclear c) Hydro d) Oil

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: Consumption of primary energy of fuel in the world is lead by oil with the consumption of 33%. The consumption of coal is 30%. The consumption of Nuclear is 4%. The consumption of hydro is 7%. 9. India’s energy consumption growth in 2016 is_________ a) 3.6% b) 4.6% c) 2.9% d) 1.5%

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Many countries energy consumption has seriously slowed overed few years. But India is managed to increased its consumption growth. One of the main reason for the increase in energy consumption growth in India is the decision took for continued to support world energy consumption. 10. Which is the world’s biggest oil consuming country? a) United States of America b) Japan c) India d) China

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: The United States is the largest consumer of oil in the world, accounting 20% of global oil production. The United States consumed 18.5 million barrels of oil per day, while Japan stands third, India in fourth place and China in second place.

11. State true or false. Nordic countries consumption of energy per capita is among the highest in the world. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Nordic countries are the countries which are situated in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic. The Nordic countries generate only moderate emission levels of greenhouse gases compared to other developed countries. This is related to their lower dependency on fossil fuels. However, their consumption of energy per capita is among the highest in the world. 12. The world’s top consuming country of domestically produced hydroelectricity is ___________ a) India b) Brazil c) China d) Japan

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: China is the largest consumption of hydroelectricity in the world. It consumed 163 million tonnes of oil-equivalent(mtoe) which is of 6.7% of its total energy consumption. India consumes 25 mtoe, Brazil consumes 90 mtoe, Japan consumes 19 mtoe. 13. India stands first position in the consumption of electricity in the world. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: India stands third position in the consumption of electricity in the world. China stands in the first position in the consumption of electricity in the world. According to 2016 survey India consumes 1,408,624,400,000 KiloWatt Hours per year(kW-h/yr). 14. India’s total primary energy consumption is ____________ a) 24.3 BTU b) 19.01 BTU c) 120 BTU d) 30.1 BTU

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: According to 2014 estimation India’s total primary energy consumption is 24.3 BTU, China consumes 120 BTU, Japan consumes 19.01 BTU, Russia consumes 30.1 BTU. India’s energy consumption is increasing exponentially due to the large population of the country. This set of Energy Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Generation of Wind Energy”. 1. What does Heating and cooling of the atmosphere generates? a) Thermo line circulation b) Radiation currents c) Convection currents d) Conduction currents

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Wind energy can be economically used for the generation of electrical energy. Heating and cooling

of the atmosphere generates convection currents. Heating is caused by the absorption of solar energy on the earth surface. 2. How much is the energy available in the winds over the earth surface is estimated to be? a) 2.9 X 120 MW b) 1.6 X 107 MW c) 1 MW d) 5MW

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: The energy available in the winds over the earth surface is estimated to be 1.6 X 107 MW which is almost the same as the present day energy consumption. Wind energy can be utilized to run wind mill which in turn, is used to drive the generators. 3. How much wind power does India hold? a) 20,000 MW b) 12,000 MW c) 140,000 MW d) 5000 MW

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: India has a potential of 20,000 MW of wind power. Wind power accounts nearly 9.87% of India’s total installed power generation capacity. Generation of wind power in India mainly account from southern state of India. 4. What is the main source for the formation of wind? a) Uneven land b) Sun c) Vegetation d) Seasons

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Wind is free and renewable form of energy, which throughout history has been used to grind grain, power ships, and pump water. Wind is created when the sun unevenly heat the earth surface. 5. Which country created wind mills? a) Egypt b) Mongolia c) Iran d) Japan

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: The earliest known wind mills were in Persia (Iran). These early wind mills looked like large paddle wheels. Centuries later, the people of Holland improved the basic design of wind mill. Holland is famous for its wind mills. 6. “During the day, the air above the land heats up more quickly than the air over water”. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: During the day, the air above the land heats up more quickly than the air over water. The warm air over the land expands and raises, and the heavier, cooler air rushes in to take its place, creating winds. 7. What happens when the land near the earth’s equator is heated? a) All the oceans gets heated up b) Small wind currents are formed c) Rise in tides d) Large atmospheric winds are created

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: The large atmospheric winds that circle the earth are created because the land near the earth’s equator is heated more by the sun than the land near the north and south poles. Wind energy is mainly used to generate electricity. 8. What type of energy is wind energy? a) Renewable energy b) Non-renewable energy c) Conventional energy d) Commercial energy

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Wind is called a renewable energy source because the wind will blow as long as the shines. Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation, consumes no water, and uses little land. 9. What are used to turn wind energy into electrical energy? a) Turbine b) Generators c) Yaw motor d) Blades

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Wind turbine blades capture wind energy, a form of mechanical energy, and put it to work turning a drive shaft, gearbox, and generator to produce electrical energy. Many factors affects wind turbine efficiency including turbine blade aerodynamics. 10. What is the diameter of wind turbine blades? a) 320 feet b) 220 feet c) 80 feet d) 500 feet

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Large utility-scale wind turbines can now generate more than a MW of electrical power each and deliver electricity directly in to the electric grid, these turbines are placed at 200 feet height at the rotor hub and have blades which are 220 feet or more in diameter . 11. At what range of speed is the electricity from the wind turbine is generated? a) 100 – 125 mph b) 450 – 650 mph

c) 250 – 450 mph d) 30-35 mph

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: Wind turbines are designed with cut-in wind speeds and cut-out speeds i.e. the wind speeds when the turbines start turning or shut off to prevent drive train damage. Typically, maximum electric generations occurs at speeds of 30-35mph. 12. When did the development of wind power in India began? a) 1965 b) 1954 c) 1990 d) 1985

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: The development of wind power in India began in 1990s. Presently India is the world’s fourth largest wind power generator. The Indian energy sector has an installed capacity of 32.72 GW. Today India is a major player in the global wind energy market. 1. How much power does the small scale wind machine generate? a) 18 KW b) 2 KW c) 12 KW d) 30 KW

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: These might be used on farms remote applications and other places requiring relatively low power. The generating capacity is up to 2kW. Small scale wind machines lower your electricity bills by 50% – 90%. 2. Which type of wind machines are used at several residence or local use? a) Large size machines b) Remote machines c) Small size machines d) Medium size machines

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: These wind turbines may be used to supply less than 100 kW rated capacity, to several residences or local use. These do not require much space they can be installed on roof tops or on some high elevated areas. 3. Which type of wind turbines produce 100 kW or greater? a) Large machines b) Small machines c) Medium machines d) Remote Machines

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Large wind turbines are those of 100 kW rated capacity or greater. They are used to generate power for distribution in central power grids. They can have single generator at a single site or multiple generators sited at several places over an area.

4. Which part of the wind mill acts as a housing for the turbine? a) Wind Vane b) Shaft c) Wind mill head d) Turbine

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: The wind mill head supports the rotor, housing, and rotor bearings. It also has control mechanism like changing the pitch of the blades for safety devices, tail vane to orient the rotor to face the wind. Its body is the size of the mini bus. 5. A rotor installed in a fixed orientation with the swept area perpendicular to the pre dominate wind direction is called ______ a) Nacelle b) Yaw fixed machines c) Blades d) Anemometer

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: In the locations with the prevailing wind in one direction, the design of a turbine can be greatly simplified. The rotor can be installed in a fixed orientation with the swept area perpendicular to the pre dominate wind direction. This machine is called yaw fixed. 6. How is the action of yaw controlled in small turbines? a) Tail vane b) Blades c) Shaft d) Yaw motor

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: In small turbines, yaw action is controlled by a tail vane while is larger machines a servomechanism operated by a wind-direction sensor controls the yaw motor keeping the turbine properly oriented. 7. Which part of the wind turbines senses wind speed, wind direction, shaft speed and torque? a) Turbine blade b) Shaft c) Rotor d) Controller

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: The controller senses wind speed, wind direction, shafts speeds and torques, output power and generator temperature, Control signals are generated with the electrical output corresponding to the wind energy input. 8. Which type of wind turbine has low RPM? a) Small wind turbine b) Large wind turbine c) Medium wind turbine d) Remote wind turbine

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: The rate of rotation of large wind turbine generators operating at rated capacity or below is controlled by varying the pitch of the rotor blades. It has low rpm, about 40 to 50. It is necessary to increase greatly the low rotor rate of turning using transmission mechanism. 9. Why recommendation of fixed ratio gears done for top mounted equipment? a) Because they are easy install b) Requires less space c) Due to its low cost d) Because of their high efficiency

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: Fixed ratio gears are recommended for top mounted equipment because of their high efficiency, and minimum system risk. For bottom mounted equipment requiring a right angle drive transmission costs can be reduced on the hub by increasing rotor speed to generator. 10. Which type of generator are made use in wind turbines? a) Recreational generators b) Synchronous generator c) Asynchronous generator d) Alternator

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Generators may be either constant or variable speed type. Variable speed units are expensive and/or unproved. Constant speed generator in use are synchronous induction and permanent magnet types. Synchronous unit is used for large aero generator systems. It is very versatile and has an extensive data base. 11. In which part do we find sensors and actuators? a) Fixed gears b) Turbines c) Control systems d) Blades

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Control systems involves sensors and actuators. The modern large wind turbine generator requires a versatile and reliable control system. A control system is used for 1) changing the orientation of the rotor into the wind. 2) Start up and cut-in of the equipment. 3) Power control of the rotor by varying the pitch of the blades. 12. How many types of supporting tower for wind mill are generally used? a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 5

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: Four types of generating tower are used generally: 1) The reinforced concrete tower 2) The pole tower 3) The built up shell tube tower 4) The truss tower.

13. On what does the selection of supporting structure depends? a) Length of blades b) Rotating capacity c) Capacity of generator d) Transmission systems

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: The type of the supporting structure and its height is related to cost and the transmission system incorporated. Horizontal axis wind turbines are mounted on towers so as to be above the level of turbulence and other ground related effects. 14. At what type of location vibrations are more in the wind turbine? a) Downwind location b) Up wind location c) Windward d) Leeward

View Answer

15. At what type of location vibrations are less in the wind turbines? a) Windward b) Leeward c) Downwind location d) Upwind Location

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: If the turbine is downwind from the tower, vibrations are less but the blades are subjected to severe alternating forces as they pass through the tower wake. Downwind rotors are generally preferred for large aero generators. 1. What is the major problem in nuclear plants? a) Drawing out energy b) Fusion of particles c) Disposal of nuclear waste d) Handling of fuel

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: One of the major problems in the nuclear power plant is the disposal of waste products which are highly radioactive. They emit large quantities of γrays and these high energy γ rays destroy all living matter through which pass. 2. A 400 MW nuclear power station would produce a equivalent radium of _____________ a) 100 tons daily b) 1000 tons daily c) 500 tons daily d) 10 tons daily

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: The radio-active products of a 400MW power station would be equivalent to 100 tons of radium daily and the radioactive effect of this plant product if exposed to atmosphere would kill all the living organisms within the area of about 100 sq miles.

3. How are moderate active solid wastes disposed? a) Buried underground b) Buried under sea c) Sent to outer space d) Left out in streams or rivers

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: In a nuclear fuel cycle, the solid, liquid and gaseous radioactive wastes are produced at different stages. These radioactive wastes must be disposed off in such a manner that there is no hazard to the human and plant life. Moderate active solid wastes are buried in the ground. 4. Moderate liquid nuclear wastes are disposed into ___________ a) Deep pits b) Buried underground c) Left into rivers d) Left into deep oceans

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Moderate liquid wastes after preliminary treatments are discharged in deep pits or day well from which they sweep out into the surrounding. Certainly liquid wastes are mixed with some kind of other chemical in order to lower their radioactivity. 5. Which type of disposal of nuclear waste is cheapest and easiest method of all? a) Ground b) Air c) Space d) Water

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: This is one of the easy and cheapest methods of disposal because soil absorbs radioactive material easily. This disposal is suitable mostly in areas of low rainfall at points which are high above the ground water level. 6. How are active liquids of nuclear waste disposed? a) Stored in concrete tanks and buried underground b) Stored in concrete tanks and buried in sea c) Mixed with other chemicals and left into free atmosphere d) They are reused and burnt away in gaseous fumes

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Active liquids are kept in concrete tanks and these tanks are buried in the ground till their decay of radio activity. Many times the radio activity increases the temperature of the liquid waste or sometimes these liquids boil and the activity decreases with time. 7. What are the ways in which most of radio activeness is removed? a) Infusing them with other metal b) Neutralizing them by diluting in chemical solutions c) Storing them d) Segregating them into small packs

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Most of the radio activeness of waste is removed just by storage. The storage problem is simplified by separating cersium and strontium which are extremely radioactive. These are generally stored in tanks which are buried in ground and then disposed in to the sea after 13 years of storage. 8. Can vacated coal mines be used for waste disposal? a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Yes, vacated coal mines can be used for waste disposal. The wastes are disposed in the salt heaps provided in the mines, because salt is a powerful absorber of radioactive emissions. It will be easy and more economical method to dispose of liquid waste by freezing. 9. How is High Level solidified nuclear wastes (HLW) stored? a) Concrete tanks b) Canisters c) Packed rock salt d) Soil bins

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: The solidified waste is placed in canisters that are stored in holes formation for thousands of years. The solidified waste is placed in canisters that are stored in holes drilled in rock salt with a spacing of 10 m to allow efficient dissipation of energy without exceeding temperature limits of either canister or salt. Each canister requires 100 m2 of salt for cooling.

10. What is the approx cost of disposing nuclear waste into sea per cubic meter? a) 50 rs b) 300 rs c) 500 rs d) 1000 rs

View Answer

Answer: b Explanation: In many places the liquid waste is disposed off to the sea through the pipes carried from the plant to the point of disposal. While disposing into the sea it should be seen that the activity level should not affect the marine life. The approximate cost of disposal by this method is 300 rs per cubic meter. 11. Absorption of radioactive element by human, affects their offspring’s. a) True b) False

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Absorption of neutron or radioactive element by a tissue nucleus leads to radioactive nucleus which

results change in chemical nature, mal-functioning of cell. Due to this, cell damages leading to genetic modification. Inhale of radioactive material through air, food and water result radiation hazard. 12. For how many days is radioactive solid waste kept is kept under water at 6m deep for initial cooling? a) 15 days b) 50 days c) 30 days d) 100 days

View Answer

Answer: d Explanation: It is necessary to keep the radioactive solid waste first in the water of 6m depth nearly for 100 days. It was found that after 100 days cooling of radioactive waste of 28MW plant in water still has a radioactivity equal to million grams of radium. About 50% radioactive elements disappear during cooling. 13. What are released into biosphere from nuclear power plants? a) Gaseous effluents b) Waste Product c) Smoke d) The obtained product

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Under normal operation, gaseous effluents are released slowly from the power plants into the biosphere and become diluted and dispersed harmlessly. Releasing at slow rates gives it time to blow of slowly. 14. Tailings forms are the residues from ____________ a) Uranium b) Thorium c) Cadmium d) Boron

View Answer

Answer: a Explanation: Tailings are residues from uranium mining and milling operations. They contain low concentration of naturally occurring radioactive materials. They are generated in large volumes and are stored at the mine or mill sites. 15. LLW stands for ____________ a) Low Level Water b) Low Laser width c) Low Level Waste d) Loss of Levels in water

View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Low Level Waste contains less than 10 nCi per gram of transuranium contaminants containing low but potentially hazardous concentrations of radioactive materials. These are generated in almost all activities involving radioactive materials, require little or no shielding.