energy efficient clean cookstoves: invented by s.khuntia, scientist, 1986-2013

7/28/2019 Energy efficient Clean Cookstoves: Invented by S.Khuntia, Scientist, 1986-2013

1/33

Energy efficient smokeless cook stoves fordomestic and community uses

Invented by

S.KhuntiaEx-Chief Scientist of CSIR-IMMT, Govt. of India

Bhubaneswar-751013, IndiaInventor: Various Improved cook stoves & Rural technologies

Member of Core committee of MNRE-GOI on Biomass cook stove pgm.

Member of BIS on Biomass & Gasification

E.mail: [email protected]: 09437012679

March 2013


2/33

As per World Health Organisation,Traditional cook stoves are secondbiggest contributor to global

warming, after the industrial use offossil fuels


3/33

Fuel saving : 0.7 million ton firewood /year

or more than Rs.100 crores/year

Survival of full grown trees: 7 lakhs /yr

Reduction in release of carbonDioxide gas into atmosphere : 1.2 million ton/yr

Reduction in release of carbon

Monoxide gas into atmosphere: 0.10 million ton/yrAverage employment generation: 3 lakhs man days/yr

Tentative benefits from 5 lakhs units ofImproved cook stoves/ chulhas

Tentative benefits from 5 lakhs units ofImproved cook stoves/ chulhas


4/33

TRADITIONAL COOK-STOVESTRADITIONAL COOK-STOVES

One of the oldest technologies in the world Known since 100,000 BC to prepare & preserve food and to

provide warmth

Traditional Chulhas: Constructed by housewives without outside influences Highly energy intensive Smoky flame (temperature : 550 6500C)

High level of pollution (CO/CO2 : more than 20%) Excess fuel consumption (10-20 kg fire wood / day) Thermal efficiency : 5-10%, Incomplete combustion Different size & shape of Chulhas: Open fire, Three stone, U-

shape, spherical etc; submerged or elevated over the ground;with/without pottery lined hearth.

Classification of chulhas as per culture, family size, type & size of fuels,type of cook pot, etc


5/33

Objectives Complete combustion of fuels

Burning of different solid fuels in a stove

Reduction of emissions:(CO/CO2 < 0.04) (CO< 5 g/MJd )

High flame temperature (750oC 850oC)

High thermal efficiency ( more than 25% )

Significant fuel saving & conservation of biomass

Production & marketing in rural areas

Type of Cook Stoves Portable cook stove - Natural & Forced draft

Fixed chulha with & without chimney

IMPROVED COOK-STOVESIMPROVED COOK-STOVES


6/33

Improved cook stoves invented by S.Khuntia

& utilized in NPIC of MNRE, Govt. of Indiaduring 1988 to 2003

Harsha multifuel portable stoves ( Family &

Community): India Patent No-166168 of 1986 Fixed chulhas with chimney (SK-1, SK-2, SK-3, SK-4, SK-

Agni, SK-Delux etc)

The stoves propagated by OREDA, Govt. of Odishaduring 1990 to 2003 in Odisha & also in other states

under NPIC national prgm of MNRE, Govt. of India

More than 3.0 million units of above design cookstoves disseminated in different parts of India.

OREDA had disseminated more than 1.5 million units

of above stoves in Odisha.


7/33

IMPROVED COOK STOVES DEVELOPED BY

S.KHUNTIA, Scientist

IMPROVED COOK STOVES DEVELOPED BY

S.KHUNTIA, ScientistMulti-fuel & Biomass Cook-stoves

(Efficient burning of different solid fuels; wood, animaldroppings, coal, briquettes, agro-waste etc)

Portable & fixed in position(With & without chimney )

Different cooking capacity

(Family, medium & community sizes for cooking capacityfrom 5 500 persons)

Chimney position & height(Short / long height, with / without bend, protrude through

Wall / roof of kitchen)

High acceptability among the usersSimple design, easy fabrication- installation- maintenance,

full satisfaction for different family size & society


8/33

MULTI-FUEL COOK STOVESMULTI-FUEL COOK STOVES

India Patent No-

166168 of 1986


9/33

Novelty:

Corrugated grate with ash scraper, perforatedcombustion chamber with air jacket, supply of pre-heated air in primary & secondary streams through

natural draught. Carbon & volatile matters of fuel burn independently in

troughs of grate & combustion chamber respectively,resulting to complete combustion, high temperature &

reduction of emission.

Short & clean high temperature flame with less excessair obtained by multiple preheated secondary air jets.

Self ignition & continuous burning of fuels without airblowing & power.


10/33

Harsha Multi-fuel stove family size, Patent No-166168 of 1986

woodRaw coal

Cow dung


11/33

Harsha Multi-fuel Community stove SK-Delux Multifuel community

fixed stove


12/33

SK-Deluxe Multi-Fuel fixed Chulha (family size)

WOOD

DUNG CAKE

RAW COAL


13/33

Jyostna Multi-fuel stove


14/33

Performance of Multi-fuel stoves

ModelMaterials for

construction

Present

cost

(Rs)

Thermal

efficiency

(%)

CO/CO2TSP

(Mg/M3)

Cooking

capacity

(person)

As per BIS -- -- > 25% < 0.04 < 2mg/M3

--

Portable

Stoves:

Harsha

Mild steel

(MS)600 30-43 0.007 1.8 8

Jyostna MS 550 30-42 0.0075 1.82 8

Harsha

(community)MS 4000 30-51 0.0055 1.71 50-400

Fixed Stoves

SK-Delux MS and clay 250 28-40 0.0065 1.75 8

SK-Delux

(community)MS and clay 1250 30-42 0.0055 1.70 50-400

NOTE : Exhaust gas drawn from a hood, 350 mm from top of stove (with dilution)


15/33

LOW COST FIXED CHULHAS

Pottery-lined mud chulha with chimney with simple construction.

Vertical cylindrical combustion chamber connected with achimney through a U type tunnel.

Chimney sucks room air into combustion chamber forcontinuous burning of fuels and disposes exhaust to outside.

The air stream burns carbon on hearth and volatile matters incombustion chamber with long flame resulting to complete

combustion. High rate of heat transfer from flame to cook pot as the flame

glides on the bottom surface of cook pot inside combustionchamber.

40-50% fuel saving with smoke & gas free kitchen.


16/33

Pottery-lined SK-series fixed chulhas with chimneySK-3 Single pot stove with chimney

SK-1 double pot stove with chimney


17/33

SK-3 Pottery-lined fixed chulha with chimney

(Nearly 2.5 million stoves sold in India)


18/33

SK-Agni Fixed Chulha

(Without chimney)


19/33

Performance of fixed improved chulha

Model Materials forconstruction

Present

cost

(Rs)

Thermal

efficiency

(%)

CO/CO2 Cooking

capacity

(person)

SK-1

(double pot familysize)

Pottery, clay,

and AC pipe

130 31 0.038 5-10

SK-1

(double pot

community size)

Brick, clay

and AC pipe

350 30% 0.029 200-500

SK-3 (single pot

family size)

Pottery, clay,

and AC pipe

100 125 26 0.035 8-30

SK-3 (short chimney

with bend family

size)

Pottery, clay,

and AC pipe

100 25 0.035 8

SK-3 (single pot

community size)

Brick, clay

and AC pipe

300 25% 0.034 200-400

SK-Agni (without

chimney)

MS and clay 60 29 0.030 8

Fuels : Biomass, agro wastes, dung cake

NOTE : Exhaust gas drawn from chimney of Chulha (without dilution)


20/33

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF COMMUNITY

SMOKELESS STOVES FOR RESIDENTIAL

SCHOOLS IN ODISHA: BY S.KHUNTIA

DURING DECEMBER 2012


21/33

Residential school in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India : 350 SC & ST students


22/33

Traditional Cook Stove in schools U Type brick stove (chulha) without grate.

Fuel: Firewood. Pot size : 36 to 24 inch diameter, flat bottom.

Present cooking for: 300-400 children

Food preparation: Rice, dal & vegetable, two times.

Cooking period: 120 to 135 minutes (depending upon

items)

Smoke & shoot: excessive

Room temperature: High (intolerable) Exhaust of gas & smoke from kitchen: Through door &

window


23/33

Traditional cook stove & kitchen


24/33

Black shootcoating inside the

kitchen due to

excessive smoke


25/33

KHUNTIA IMPROVED COMMUNITY FIXED CHULHA WITH CHIMNEY


26/33

Chimney outside of kitchen


27/33

Cooking by KHUNTIA- Smokeless stove)


28/33


29/33

Inside hearth and top plate to accommodate small size pots


30/33

P f d f KHUNTIA


31/33

Performance study of KHUNTIA stove:

Comparison with Traditional stoveSl. Parameter Traditional stove KHUNTIA- Cook Stove1. Construction Red Brick & clay Red brick, cement sand

mortar & steel chimney

2. Cooking capacity 300 400 children 300 400 children

3. Firewood consumption 105 kg/day 75 kg/day

4. Fuel saving over

traditional

- 29% at present

(Designed for 30%)

5. Cooking period 120 135 minutes 85 100 minutes

6. Smoke Excessive & burning eye Almost Nil

7. Room temperature Quite high (intolerable) Normal as outside

9. Tentative life 5 10 years More than 10 years

9. Cost About Rs. 2000/- About Rs.10,000/-

10. Recovery of cost Within two months


32/33

C O N C L U S I O NC O N C L U S I O N

Complete combustion of fuels at low excess air can increaseefficiency of cook stoves.

Higher heat transfer to the cook pot at high temperature isessential for cooking in Improved stove.

Simple design, low cost and high efficiency cook stove canbe sustainable in the society.

Multi-fuel burning capability of the stove will be more

appropriate for rural India.

Cost effective, energy efficient & durable Improved stove canreduce rural energy crises at present.

Improved chulha is a source of carbon trading under CDM.


33/33

Thanking you

energy efficient clean cookstoves: invented by s.khuntia, scientist, 1986-2013

Documents