+

Endocrine Disruptors

Paula E, Ruby G, Adolfo P, Josue R, Tionsy K.

+ BPA

What is BPA?

Bisphenol A (BPA)

Is a chemical substance produced in large quantities for the use

primarily in products of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins.

Examples of Polycarbonate plastics: Containers that store food

and beverage such as water and infant bottles.

Examples of Epoxy resins are used as lacquers to coat metal

products such as food cans, bottle tops, and water supply

pipes. Some dental sealants and composites may also

contribute to BPA exposure

-(CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2

+HOW DOES IT GET INTO YOUR

BODY?

The primary source of exposure to BPA for most people is

through the diet, and can imitate our body’s own hormones.

BPA can leach into food from the protective internal epoxy resin

coatings of canned foods and from consumer products such as

polycarbonate food containers.

The degree to which BPA leaches from polycarbonate bottles

into liquid may depend more on the temperature of the liquid or

bottle, than the age of the container.

+WHY SHOULD YOU BE

CONCERN?

Exposure to BPA is the main concern because of possible health

effects of BPA on the brain, behavior and prostate gland of

fetuses, infants and children.

The 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

(NHANES III) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention (CDC) found detectable levels of BPA in 93% of 2517

urine samples from people six years and older.

Recent study found that men with prostate cancer have BPA in

their urine at levels 2- to 4- fold higher than cancer-free men- -

BPA concentrations were especially high in patients under the age

of 40.

+HOW CAN YOU PREVENT

EXPOSURE TO BPA?

However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has said that BPA is safe at the very low levels that occur in some foods. They are continuing its review of BPA, including supporting ongoing research. In the meantime, if you're concerned about BPA, you can take take theses precautions to reduce your exposure: Don’t microwave polycarbonate plastic food containers. Polycarbonate is strong and durable, but over time it may break down from over use at high temperatures.

Seek out BPA free products

Reduce your use of canned foods.

When possible, opt for alternatives such as glass, porcelain or stainless steel containers, particularly for hot food or liquids.

Use baby bottles that are BPA free.

+Methylmercury

What is it?

--A heavy liquid metal

What is it used for?

Found in: seed grain for longer

duration (livestock), bacterial

water (foreign countries).

IUPAC Name

Methylmercury

+ Chemical Structure/ Molecular

Formula and Health Effects/

Hazards

Chemical Structure

Molecular Formula

[CH3Hg]+.

Health Effects/ Hazards

Intellectual Disabilities that include:

-Down syndrome

-Cerebral palsy

-Microcephaly

As well as:

-Blindness

-Deafness

Allowed Amount of Exposure

Pregnant women, children, and infants are at greater risk

of exposure to mercury.

Sea food:

-Most fish have low amounts of methylmercury and

can be eaten safely in moderate amounts.

-Large, predatory, fish have high levels of

methylmercury. Limit portion size of fish. That

includes shellfish, swordfish, tilefish, tuna, marlin,

lobster, catfish. Etc

Alternatives !!

Decrease the amount of fish consumed

When traveling: stray away from water consumption, & limit portion

size of meats.

http://www.epa.gov/hg/exposure.htm

Other Countries, What are they

doing?

-Nothing. Exposure to Methylmercury is in their culture.

-There has been studies to prove that consumption of the

disruptor is not a threat.

-The federal government has put into action

restrictions, that advice pregnant and nursing women

and women who may become pregnant to stay away

from fish.

-

+Pesticides

Insect Repellent

DEET

IUPAC Name: N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide

+Chemical Structure

+Molecular Formula/ What is DEET?

Molecular Formula: C12H17NO

DEET- is an active ingredient in many insect repellent products. It is used to repel biting pests such as mosquitoes and ticks which may carry Lyme Disease or the West Nile Virus on mosquitoes.

These products are in a variety of liquids, lotions and sprays and impregnated materials. (Ex. Wrist bands)

+Short Term Hazards/ Long Term

Hazards

Short Term Hazards: Insect repellent depending on exposure

can lead to skin reactions such as blisters, burning and scars,

insomnia, and mood changes. If swallowed it has its own

serious hazards.

Long Term Hazards: More research is needed for long-term

health effects especially on children.

+Exposure

Exposure: Prolong use on game wardens and military

personnel may cause rashes. Over spraying or more than

normal use can be hazardous to health during the day.

No DEET should be sprayed on infants 2 months and younger

or to pregnant women it may affect fetuses. Women should be

advised about applying DEET.

+Alternatives Alternatives: Picaridin has been

widely used in other parts of the world.

It specifies with in chemicals on pepper and it appears to interfere with the mosquito’s ability to smell its prey.

The chemical is very effective on mosquitoes especially for the one’s that carry diseases, but it is less effective on some other mosquitoes that don’t rely on smell to find their prey.

A 20% formula of Picaridin can repel mosquitoes for 8-10 hours.

It is less irritating than DEET so it can always be a better choice for people with sensitive skin.

+

Phthalates

+What are Phthalates?

+Common Phthalates

+Common Phthalates (cont.)

+Common Phthalates cont.

(BBP) Butylbenzylphtalate: IUPAC: bis(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl)

benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate

Molecular Formula: C26H42O4

Used in: Food conveyer belts, and paints

+ROUTES OF EXPOSURE

+

+Health Risks

• Thyroid Problems

• Early Puberty

• Infertility

• Hormones

• Deformation of

Reproductive Organs

• ADHD

+ALTERNATIVES

+

Soy

+What is soy?

A protein alternative

An alternative to dairy for people who are lactose intolerant

Also used as an instant powder formula for babies allergic to

other instant powder formulas

+IUPAC Name/Molecular Formula

Lechtin

C4H80NO8P

+Chemical Structure

+Hazards

Estrogen imbalance is a long-term affect

Processed soy is what causes most side effects

May cause females to stop menstruating

Can cause imbalanced moods

Males can start producing more estrogen

Pesticides applied to the crops can cause cancer

+Other Countries

Other countries use the most organic form of soy to gain the

most health benefits

Asian countries consume the most soy products

As new research is coming out most countries are using protein

other alternatives

+Allowed Amounts

Dosing depends on the persons overall health

For protein benefits 700-800 mg of soy per protein per liter

+Alternatives

Whey protein

Protein shakes

Chickpea/garbanzo beans

Supplement shakes

Sources

Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Mercury. Jan. 26, 2014 <http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/hg.html>.

UNEP. Jan. 26, 2014 http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Portals/9/Mercury/Documents/INC2/ZMWG5_Products_FS0111_04.pdf

http://www.epa.state.il.us/mercury/mercury-alternatives.html

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mercury/docs/HealthEffectsMercury.pdfhttps://www.arhp.org/publications-and-resources/quick-reference-guide-for-clinicians/fish-and-health/evidence

http://oehha.ca.gov/fish/hg/

+Sources

www.nrdc.org/thisgreenlife/1006.asp

www.epa.gov

www.niehs.nih.gov/health/.../endocrine/

www.idph.state.il.us/.../deetfacts.htm

wwwnc.cdc.gov/

www.npr.org/

+Sources

http://www.epa.gov/ace/ace3draft/draft_pdfs/ACE3PhthalatesReviewPackage3-02-11.pdf·

http://www.consumer.org.nz/reports/plasticisers/what-are-plasticisers·

http://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productandingredientsafety/selectedcosmeticingredients/ucm128250.htm·

http://www.sustainableproduction.org/downloads/PhthalateAlternatives-January2011.pdf·

http://www.healthytomorrow.org/attachments/DEHP_fact_sheet.pdf%20·

http://www.noharm.org/lib/downloads/pvc/Not_Too_Pretty.pdf·

http://www.plasticisers.org/en_GB/plasticisers/high-phthalates