ending poverty in our lifetime? the new sustainable development goals .. need to be watered!
TRANSCRIPT
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ENDING POVERTY IN OUR LIFETIME?
THE NEW SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS . . .
NEED TO BE WATERED!DOUG MERREY
CAROLINA FRIENDS OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE LUNCHEONOCTOBER 22, 2015
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ROAD MAP
Millennium Development Goals – What are they?Water an afterthought
Sustainable Development Goals – what’s new?Watering the goals
Prospects – will extreme poverty be ended by 2030?
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THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS [MDGS]
AGREED IN 2000 AT “MILLENNIUM SUMMIT” AT UNITED NATIONS 8 DEVELOPMENT GOALS TO BE MET BY 201521 TARGETS & 60 INDICATORS—ANNUAL REPORTS PRODUCED
BY THE UNITED NATIONSINTENDED TO FOCUS INVESTMENTS ON CRITICAL PRIORITIESWATER NOT INCLUDED IN THE INITIAL FORMULATIONS
WATER & SANITATION TARGET ADDED AT THE WORLD SUMMIT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 2002
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WATER & SANITATION – A TARGET UNDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY GOAL:
“HALVE, BY 2015, THE PROPORTION OF PEOPLE WITHOUT SUSTAINABLE
ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER AND BASIC
SANITATION”
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1. ERADICATE EXTREME HUNGER AND POVERTY 1.2 BILLION STILL VERY POOR <$1.25/DAY2. UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION
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3. PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY, EMPOWER WOMEN 3 TARGETS, PROGRESS MIXED4. REDUCE CHILDHOOD MORTALITY 2/3RDS
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5. IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH6. COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHERS
BOTH: PROGRESS BUT WELL SHORT OF TARGETS
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7. ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY8. DEVELOP GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT
MULTIPLE TARGETS, MOSTLY NOT MET
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WATER AND THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
ACCESS TO WATER 50% TARGET OFFICIALLY MET MEASUREMENT PROBLEMS: OFFICIAL DATA INFLATED AS SOME WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES DID NOT
KEEP WORKINGFELL FAR SHORT ON SANITATION ACCESS – ONE THIRD HUMANITY
HAS NO ACCESS; OPEN DEFECATION COMMON IN SOUTH ASIA AND PARTS OF AFRICA
ROLE OF WATER IN ACHIEVING FOOD, NUTRITION & ENERGY SECURITY, ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS NOT WELL-RECOGNIZED INTERACTIONS CLEAN WATER—SANITATION—CHILD AND MATERNAL MORTALITY—NUTRITION AND
FOOD SECURITY
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THE NEW “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS” [SDGS]
Developed through a lengthy participatory process, facilitated by the United Nations
Applicable to all countries – not only poor countriesFormally adopted at General Assembly September 2015Accommodating many interests 17 goals, 169 targets to be
achieved by 2030EXTREMELY AMBITIOUS!
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WATERING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
More awareness of critical importance of waterAccess to water & sanitation now recognized as a
universal “human right”Applicable to water for producing food?
Progressive achievement of equal [not just “equitable”] access is the goal
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“6. WATER AND SANITATION FOR ALL”
1. Universal access—safe and affordable drinking water2. Universal access—adequate and equitable sanitation & hygiene3. Improved water quality -- reduced pollution4. Sustainable improvements in water use efficiency5. Protect water-related ecosystems6. Both global collaboration and stronger community management
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WATER: SOME GAPSEnsuring long term
sustainability and improvement of water and sanitation services
Water for food security and nutrition
Links to other goals not well-formulated
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WATER, FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION
70% of water used by humans is for food productionFood processing, cleaning up, etc. use more
Water scarcity is a major threat to future food production, exacerbated by climate change impactsNo goal on access to water for production
Linkages water—food—energy—environmentWe are part of a complex planetary system
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RESPONSE TO IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE—THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE
CHANGES IN RAINFALL, TEMPERATURES ALREADY OCCURRING
MANY POOR REGIONS WILL FIND IT DIFFICULT TO ACHIEVE HIGH PRODUCTION WITHOUT MAJOR INNOVATIONS
CAN WE PRODUCED ENOUGH FOOD TO FEED FUTURE POPULATIONS?
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FUTURE PROSPECTS—ENDING EXTREME POVERTY BY 2030?
FINANCE: Will require trillions of dollarsNot likely from traditional aid sourcesPoor countries need to mobilize more resourcesNeed to create conditions to encourage private investments
POLITICAL COMMITMENT: Will governments prioritize these goals as expected?
Need for major policy, institutional reforms-likely?Civil society engagement and coalitions can help
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BEST GUESS
MOST DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WILL MAKE SUBSTANTIAL PROGRESS
GLOBAL COMMUNITY WILL BECOME BETTER AT COLLABORATION
WATER MANAGEMENT WILL RISE HIGHER ON THE GLOBAL AGENDA
INSTITUTIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS