End of WWI

I. Agreements

A. armistice – November 11, 1918

(11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month)

Arm = weapons

(armor, armaments, army)

Stice = stands still

– Sol = sun

Armistice = weapons stay

in place / stand still

B. Treaty of Versailles – official end of War

1. negotiated at Paris Peace Conference

2. signed June 28th, 1919

C. “Big Three” negotiated

1. England – punish Germany

2. France – revenge &

guarantee of security from

German aggression

a. demanded reparations

3. United States – “Fourteen Points”

a. self–determination for nations = right of people

to have their own nation

b. Wanted to create union of nations

4. Italy – “Big Four” – not have much influence

II. Treaty ended empires and drew new map of Europe

A. Austro-Hungarian Empire → Austria, Hungary,

Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia (Bosnia + Serbia)

B. Germany → Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (the Baltics)

III. Ottoman Empire broken in to mandates in Middle East

A. administered by British and French

B. new countries: Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq

C. British negotiated with Arabs against Ottoman Empire

1. Ottoman’s were Turkish – empire included Arabs

2. British promised independent Arab state

3. Britain also negotiated with Zionist movement

a. Balfour Declaration – wanted a Jewish state

4. Britain also made agreement with France

a. Sykes-Picot Agreement – divided land

5. Lawrence of Arabia –

British officer helped

organize and fight

during Arab revoltD. The Treaty of

In middle East

Jewish nationalists

* Promised land to

IV. Germany Punished

A. lost

1. colonies in Africa

2. land to France

3. control of Rhineland

B. pay reparations

C. limited armaments –

1. no planes, 6 naval war ships, 100,000 soldiers,

and no conscription

D. German War Guilt Clause –