encyclopedia of metalloproteins3a978-1... · university of south florida tampa, fl, usa eugene a....

Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins

Robert H. Kretsinger • Vladimir N. UverskyEugene A. PermyakovEditors

Encyclopedia ofMetalloproteins

With 1109 Figures and 256 Tables

EditorsRobert H. KretsingerDepartment of BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA, USA

Vladimir N. UverskyDepartment of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampa, FL, USA

Eugene A. PermyakovInstitute for Biological InstrumentationRussian Academy of SciencesPushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

ISBN 978-1-4614-1532-9 ISBN 978-1-4614-1533-6 (eBook)ISBN 978-1-4614-1534-3 (print and electronic bundle)DOI 10.1007/ 978-1-4614-1533-6Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London

Library of Congress Control Number: 2013931183

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Preface

Metal ions play an essential role in the functioning of all biological systems. All

biological processes occur in a milieu of high concentrations of metal ions, and many

of these processes depend on direct participation of metal ions. Metal ions interact

with charged and polar groups of all biopolymers; those interactions with proteins

play an especially important role.

The study of structural and functional properties of metal binding proteins is an

important and ongoing activity area of modern physical and chemical biology.

Thirteen metal ions – sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron,

cobalt, zinc, copper, nickel, vanadium, tungsten, and molybdenum – are known to be

essential for at least some organisms. Metallo-proteomics deals with all aspects of the

intracellular and extracellular interactions of metals and proteins. Metal cations and

metal binding proteins are involved in all crucial cellular activities. Many patholog-

ical conditions are correlated with abnormal metal metabolism. Research in metallo-

proteomics is rapidly growing and is progressively entering curricula at universities,

research institutions, and technical high schools.

Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins is a key resource that provides basic, accessible,and comprehensible information about this expanding field. It covers exhaustively all

thirteen essential metal ions, discusses other metals that might compete or interfere

with them, and also presents information on proteins interacting with other metal

ions. Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins is an ideal reference for students, teachers, and

researchers, as well as the informed public.

v

Acknowledgements

We extend our sincerest thanks to all of the contributors who have shared their

insights into metalloproteins with the broader community of researchers, students,

and the informed public.

vii

About the Editors

Robert H. Kretsinger Department of Biology, University of Virginia 395,

Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA

Robert H. Kretsinger is Commonwealth Professor of Biology at the University of

Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. His research has addressed structure,

function, and evolution of several different protein families. His group determined

the crystal structure of parvalbumin in 1970. The analysis of this calcium binding

protein provided the initial characterization of the helix, loop, helix conformation of

the EF-hand domain and of the pair of EF-hands that form an EF-lobe. Over seventy

distinct subfamilies of EF-hand proteins have been identified, making this domain

one of the most widely distributed in eukaryotes.

Dr. Kretsinger has taught courses in protein crystallography, biochemistry, mac-

romolecular structure, and history and philosophy of biology, and has served as chair

of his department and of the University Faculty Senate.

His “other” career as a sculptor began, before the advent of computer graphics,

with space filling models of the EF-hand (www.virginiastonecarvers.com). He has

also been an avid cyclist for many decades.

ix

http://www.virginiastonecarvers.com/

Vladimir N. Uversky Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine,

University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA

Vladimir N. Uversky is an Associate Professor at the Department of Molecular

Medicine at the University of South Florida (USF). He obtained his academic degrees

from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (PhD in 1991) and from the

Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences

(DSc in 1998). He spent his early career working mostly on protein folding at the

Institute of Protein Research and Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russia.

In 1998, he moved to the University of California, Santa Cruz, where for six years

he studied protein folding, misfolding, protein conformation diseases, and protein

intrinsic disorder phenomenon. In 2004, he was invited to join the Indiana University

School ofMedicine as a Senior Research Professor to work on intrinsically disordered

proteins. Since 2010, Professor Uversky has been with USF, where he continues to

study intrinsically disordered proteins and protein folding and misfolding processes.

He has authored over 450 scientific publications and edited several books and book

series on protein structure, function, folding and misfolding.

x About the Editors

Eugene A. Permyakov, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy

of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

Eugene A. Permyakov received his PhD in physics and mathematics at the Moscow

Institute of Physics and Technology in 1976, and defended his Doctor of Sciences

dissertation in biology at Moscow State University in 1989. From 1970 to 1994 he

worked at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian

Academy of Sciences. From 1990 to 1991 and in 1993, Dr. Permyakov worked at the

Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Since 1994 he has been the Director of

the Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

He is a Professor of Biophysics and is known for his work on metal binding proteins

and intrinsic luminescence method. He is a member of the Russian Biochemical

Society. Dr. Permyakov’s primary research focus is the study of physico-chemical

and functional properties of metal binding proteins. He is the author of more

than 150 articles and 10 books, including Luminescent Spectroscopy of Proteins(CRC Press, 1993), Metalloproteomics (John Wiley & Sons, 2009), and Calcium

Binding Proteins (John Wiley & Sons, 2011). He is an Academic Editor of the

journals PLoS ONE and PeerJ, and Editor of the book Methods in Protein Structureand Stability Analysis (Nova, 2007).

In his spare time, Dr. Permyakov is an avid jogger, cyclist, and cross country skier.

About the Editors xi

Section Editors

Sections: Physiological Metals: Ca; Non-Physiological Metals: Pd, Ag

Robert H. Kretsinger Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottes-

ville, VA, USA

Section: Physiological Metals: Ca

Eugene A. Permyakov Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy


xiii

Sections: Metalloids; Non-Physiological Metals: Ag, Au, Pt, Be, Sr, Ba, Ra

Vladimir N. Uversky Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine,

University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

Sections: Physiological Metals: Co, Ni, Cu

Stefano Ciurli Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy

and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy

xiv Section Editors

Sections: Physiological Metals: Cd, Cr

John B. Vincent Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama,

Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

Section: Physiological Metals: Fe

Elizabeth C. Theil Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland,

CA, USA

Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State

University, Raleigh, NC, USA

Section Editors xv

Sections: Physiological Metals: Mo, W, V

Biswajit Mukherjee Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur

University, Kolkata, India

Sections: Physiological Metals: Mg, Mn

Andrea Romani Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve

University, Cleveland, OH, USA

xvi Section Editors

Sections: Physiological Metals: Na, K

Sergei Yu. Noskov Institute for BioComplexity and Informatics and Department for

Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Section: Physiological Metals: Zn

David S. Auld Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Section Editors xvii

Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Li, Rb, Cs, Fr

Sergei E. Permyakov Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumen-

tation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Lanthanides, Actinides

Irena Kostova Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,Medical University,

Sofia, Bulgaria

xviii Section Editors

Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, Nb, Ta, Tc, Re, Ru,

Os, Rh, Ir

Chunying Chen Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and

Nanosafety of CAS, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing,

China

Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Hg, Pb

K. Michael Pollard Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The

Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA

Section Editors xix

Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Po

Sandra V. Verstraeten Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos

Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

xx Section Editors

List of Contributors

Satoshi Abe Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Biosci-

ence and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan

Vojtech Adam Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy,

Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno,

Czech Republic

Olayiwola A. Adekoya Pharmacology Research group, Department of Pharmacy,

Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

Paul A. Adlard The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of

Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

Magnus S. Agren Department of Surgery and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center,

Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Karin Akerfeldt Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, Haverford, PA,

USA

Takashiro Akitsu Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science,

Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Lorenzo Alessio Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Section of

Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

Mamdouh M. Ali Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnol-

ogy Division, National Research Centre, El Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

James B. Ames Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA,

USA

Olaf S. Andersen Department of Physiology and Biophysics,Weill CornellMedical

College, New York, NY, USA

Gregory J. Anderson Iron Metabolism Laboratory, Queensland Institute of

Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

Janet S. Anderson Department of Chemistry, Union College, Schenectady,

NY, USA

Joao Paulo Andre Centro de Quımica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal

xxi

Claudia Andreini Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) – University of Florence,

Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

Alexey N. Antipov A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry Russian Academy of

Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Tayze T. Antunes Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,

University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Varun Appanna Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian Univer-

sity, Sudbury, ON, Canada

Vasu D. Appanna Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian Univer-

sity, Sudbury, ON, Canada

Cristina Arino Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona,

Barcelona, Spain

Vladimir B. Arion Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna,

Austria

Farukh Arjmand Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh,

UP, India

Fabio Arnesano Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari,

Italy

Joan L. Arolas Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular

Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain

Afolake T. Arowolo Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotechnology,

Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Nebojsa Arsenijevic Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac,

Centre for Molecular Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia

Samuel Ogheneovo Asagba Department of Biochemistry, Delta State University,

Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Michael Aschner Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Clinical Pharma-

cology and Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,

TN, USA

Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,

Nashville, TN, USA

The Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University

Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

Michael Assfalg Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona,

Italy

WilliamD. Atchison Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Michigan State

University, East Lansing, MI, USA

xxii List of Contributors

Bishara S. Atiyeh Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, American

University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Sılvia Atrian Departament de Genetica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de

Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Christopher Auger Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian

University, Sudbury, ON, Canada

David S. Auld Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Scott Ayton The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of Melbourne,

Parkville, VIC, Australia

Eduard B. Babiychuk Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy,

University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Petr Babula Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of

Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

Damjan Balabanic Ecology Department, Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana,

Slovenia

Wojciech Bal Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of

Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

Graham S. Baldwin Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of

Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia

Cynthia Bamdad Minerva Biotechnologies Corporation, Waltham, MA, USA

Mario Barbagallo Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical

Specialties (DIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

Juan Barcelo Lab. Fisiologıa Vegetal, Facultad de Biociencias, Universidad

Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Khurram Bashir Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The Univer-

sity of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Partha Basu Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University,

Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Andrea Battistoni Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita di Roma Tor Vergata,

Rome, Italy

Mikael Bauer Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund

University, Chemical Centre, Lund, Sweden

Lukmaan Bawazer School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

Carine Bebrone Centre for Protein Engineering, University of Liege, Sart–Tilman,

Liege, Belgium

Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH–Aachen University, c/o Fraunhofer

IME, Aachen, Germany

List of Contributors xxiii

Konstantinos Beis Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London,

London, South Kensington, UK

Membrane Protein Lab, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation

Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK

Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxforsdhire, UK

Catherine Belle Departement de Chimie Moleculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250,

Universite Joseph Fourier, ICMG FR-2607, Grenoble, France

Andrea Bellelli Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of

Rome, Rome, Italy

Gunes Bender Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan

Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Stefano Benini Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano,

Bolzano, Italy

Stephane L. Benoit Department of Microbiology, The University of Georgia,

Athens, GA, USA

Tomas Bergman Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska

Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Lawrence R. Bernstein Terrametrix, Menlo Park, CA, USA

Marla J. Berry Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of

Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

Ivano Bertini Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) – University of Florence, Sesto

Fiorentino, Italy

Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

Gerd Patrick Bienert Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Universite catholique de

Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Andrew N. Bigley Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College

Station, TX, USA

Luis M. Bimbo Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Helsinki,

Helsinki, Finland

Ohad S. Birk Head, Genetics Institute, Soroka Medical Center Head, Morris Kahn

Center for Human Genetics, NIBN and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion

University, Beer Sheva, Israel

Ruth Birner-Gruenberger Institute of Pathology and Center of Medical Research,

Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

Cristina Bischin Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai

University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Florian Bittner Department of Plant Biology, Braunschweig University of

Technology, Braunschweig, Germany

xxiv List of Contributors

Jodi L. Boer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State


Judith S. Bond Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania

State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

Martin D. Bootman Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University

Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK

BhargaviM. Boruah CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immu-

nology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China

Sheryl R. Bowley Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess

Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Doreen Braun Institute forExperimental Endocrinology,Charite-Universit€atsmedizin

Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Davorka Breljak Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and

Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia

Leonid Breydo Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine,

University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

Mickael Briens UPR ARN du CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie

Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

Joan B. Broderick Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State

University, Bozeman, MT, USA

James E. Bruce Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington,

Seattle, WA, USA

Ernesto Brunet Dept. Quımica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad

Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Maurizio Brunori Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of

Rome, Rome, Italy

Susan K. Buchanan Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabe-

tes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,

MD, USA

Gabriel E. B€uchel Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna,

Austria

Zivadin D. Bugarcic Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of

Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia

Melisa Bunderson-Schelvan Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical

Sciences, Center for Environmental Health, The University of Montana, Missoula,

MT, USA

List of Contributors xxv

Jean-Claude G. B€unzli Center for Next Generation Photovoltaic Systems, Korea

University, Sejong Campus, Jochiwon–eup, Yeongi–gun, ChungNam–do, Republic

of Korea

Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and

Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland

John E. Burke Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,

Cambridge, UK

Torsten Burkholz Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy,

Saarland State University, Saarbruecken, Germany

Bruce S. Burnham Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Rider

University, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA

Ashley I. Bush TheMental Health Research Institute, The University of Melbourne,

Parkville, VIC, Australia

Kunzheng Cai Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricul-

tural University, Guangzhou, China

Ivan L. Calderon Laboratorio de Microbiologıa Molecular, Universidad Andres

Bello, Santiago, Chile

Glaucia Callera Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,


Marcello Campagna Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular

Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

Merce Capdevila Departament de Quımica, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat

Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles (Barcelona), Spain

Fernando Cardozo-Pelaez Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for

Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA

Bradley A. Carlson Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer

Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,

USA

Silvia Castelli Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,

Italy

Tommy Cedervall Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund

University, Chemical Centre, Lund, Sweden

Sudipta Chakraborty Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pharmacology,

and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University

Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

Henry Chan Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences,

University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

N. Chandrasekaran Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore,

Tamil Nadu, India

xxvi List of Contributors

Loıc J. Charbonniere Laboratoire d’Ingenierie Moleculaire Appliquee a l’Analyse,

IPHC, UMR 7178 CNRS/UdS ECPM, Strasbourg, France

Malay Chatterjee Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical

Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Mary Chatterjee Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical


Francois Chaumont Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Universite catholique de

Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Juan D. Chavez Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington,

Seattle, WA, USA

Chi-Ming Che Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chem-

istry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of Molecular Tech-

nology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Hong

Kong, China

Elena Chekmeneva Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

Di Chen The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer

Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of

Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

Hong-YuanChen NationalKeyLaboratory ofAnalytical Chemistry for Life Science,

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

Jiugeng Chen Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universite

Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Sai-Juan Chen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of

Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of

Medicine, Shanghai, China

Zhu Chen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hema-

tology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of

Medicine, Shanghai, China

Robert A. Cherny The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of


Yana Chervona Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University

Medical School, New York, NY, USA

Christopher R. Chitambar Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical

College of Wisconsin, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin Clinical

Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA

Hassanul Ghani Choudhury Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College

London, London, South Kensington, UK

Membrane Protein Lab, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation

Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK

Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxforsdhire, UK

List of Contributors xxvii

Samrat Roy Chowdhury Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur

University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Stefano Ciurli Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology,

University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Stephan Clemens Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth,

Bayreuth, Germany

Nansi Jo Colley Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UW Eye

Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

Gianni Colotti Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale

delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy

Giovanni Corsetti Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical

Sciences and Biotechnologies, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy

Max Costa Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical

School, New York, NY, USA

Jos A. Cox Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva,

Switzerland

Adam V. Crain Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State


Ann Cuypers Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,

Belgium

Martha S. Cyert Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA

Sabato D’Auria National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular

Sensing, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Naples, Italy

Veronica Daier Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad de

Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario,

Argentina

Charles T. Dameron Chemistry Department, Saint Francis University, Loretto,

PA, USA

Subhadeep Das Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical


Nilay Kanti Das Department of Dermatology, Medical College, Kolkata, West

Bengal, India

Rupali Datta Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological Univer-

sity, Houghton, MI, USA

Benjamin G. Davis Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,

University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Dennis R. Dean Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg,

VA, USA

xxviii List of Contributors

Kannan Deepa Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical

Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Claudia Della Corte Unit of Liver Research of Bambino Gesu Children’s Hospital,

IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Simone Dell’Acqua REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de

Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal

Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

Hakan Demir Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kocaeli

University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey

Sumukh Deshpande Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of


Alessandro Desideri Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata,

Rome, Italy

Interuniversity Consortium, National Institute Biostructure and Biosystem (INBB),

Rome, Italy

Patrick C. D’Haese Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp,

Wilrijk, Belgium

Jose Manuel Dıaz-Cruz Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of

Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Saad A. Dibo Division Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American University of

Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Pavel Dibrov Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,

MB, Canada

Adeleh Divsalar Department of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Moallem University,

Tehran, Iran

Ligia J. Dominguez Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical

Specialties (DIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

Delfina C. Domınguez College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El

Paso, El Paso, TX, USA

Rosario Donato Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,

University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

Elke Dopp Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, University of

Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Melania D’Orazio Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita di Roma Tor Vergata,

Rome, Italy

Q. Ping Dou The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos

Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology,

School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

List of Contributors xxix

Ross G. Douglas Zinc Metalloprotease Research Group, Division of Medical Bio-

chemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of

Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Annette Draeger Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of

Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Gabi Drochioiu Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania

Elzbieta Dudek Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,

AB, Canada

Todor Dudev Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Henry J. Duff Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada

Evert C. Duin Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University,

Auburn, AL, USA

R. Scott Duncan Vision Research Center and Departments of Basic Medical

Science and Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas

City, MO, USA

Michael F. Dunn Department of Biochemistry, University of California at

Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA

Serdar Durdagi Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of


Kaitlin S. Duschene Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State


Ankit K. Dutta School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of

Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Naba K. Dutta IanWark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson

Lakes, South Australia, Australia

Paul J. Dyson Institut des Sciences et Ingenierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique

Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) SB ISIC-Direction, Lausanne, Switzerland

Brian E. Eckenroth Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,

University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA

Niels Eckstein Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn,

Germany

David J. Eide Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-

Madison, Madison, WI, USA

Thomas Eitinger Institut f€ur Biologie/Mikrobiologie, Humboldt-Universit€at zu

Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Annette Ekblond Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet University

Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Jean-Michel El Hage Chahine ITODYS, Universite Paris-Diderot Sorbonne Paris

Cite, CNRS UMR 7086, Paris, France

xxx List of Contributors

Alex Elıas Laboratorio de Microbiologıa Molecular, Departamento de Biologıa,

Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Jeffrey S. Elmendorf Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Centers for Diabetes

Research, Membrane Biosciences, and Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indiana

University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Sanaz Emami Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics

(IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Vinita Ernest Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VITUniversity, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,

India

Miquel Esteban Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona,

Barcelona, Spain

Christopher Exley The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele

University, Staffordshire, UK

Chunhai Fan Laboratory of Physical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Applied

Physics, Shanghai, China

Marcelo Farina Departamento de Bioquımica, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas,

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil

Nicholas P. Farrell Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University,

Richmond, VA, USA

Caroline Fauquant iRTSV/LCBM UMR 5249 CEA-CNRS-UJF, CEA/Grenoble,

Bat K, Universite Grenoble, Grenoble, France

James G. Ferry Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eberly

College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

Ana Maria Figueiredo Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN-

CNEN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil

David I. Finkelstein The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of


Larry Fliegel Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB,

Canada

Swaran J. S. Flora Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research

and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India

Juan C. Fontecilla-Camps Metalloproteins; Institut de Biologie Structurale J.P.

Ebel; CEA; CNRS; Universite J. Fourier, Grenoble, France

Sara M. Fox Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State


Ricardo Franco REQUIMTE FCT/UNL, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de


List of Contributors xxxi

Stefan Fr€anzle Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Research

Group of Environmental Chemistry, International Graduate School Zittau, Zittau,

Germany

Christopher J. Frederickson NeuroBioTex, Inc, Galveston Island, TX, USA

Michael Frezza The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann

Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and

Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

Barbara C. Furie Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess


Bruce Furie Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess


Roland Gaertner Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Ludwig-

Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany

Sonia Galvan-Arzate Departamento de Neuroquımica, Instituto Nacional de

Neurologıa y Neurocirugıa Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico

Livia Garavelli Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Genetica Clinica,

Dipartimento di Ostetrico-Ginecologico e Pediatrico, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a

Carattere Scientifico, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy

Carolyn L. Geczy Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical

Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Emily Geiger Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological Univer-

sity, Houghton, MI, USA

Alayna M. George Thompson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,

University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

Charles P. Gerba Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science,

University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

Miltu Kumar Ghosh Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur

University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Pramit Ghosh Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata,

West Bengal, India

Saikat Ghosh Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University,

Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Hedayatollah Ghourchian Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry

and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Jessica L. Gifford Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research

Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Danuta M. Gillner Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology,

Gliwice, Poland

xxxii List of Contributors

Mario Di Gioacchino Occupational Medicine and Allergy, Head of Allergy and

Immunotoxicology Unit (Ce.S.I.), G. d’Annunzio University, Via dei Vestini, Chieti,

Italy

Denis Girard Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des

granulocytes, Universite du Quebec, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC,

Canada

F. Xavier Gomis-R€uth Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molec-

ular Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain

Harry B. Gray Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,

CA, USA

ClaudiaGroßkopf Department Chemicals Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assess-

ment, Berlin, Germany

Thomas E. Gunter Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of

Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA

Dharmendra K. Gupta Departamento de Bioquımica, Biologıa Celular y Molecu-

lar de Plantas, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, CSIC, Granada, Spain

Nikolai B. Gusev Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State

University, Moscow, Russian Federation

Mandana Haack-Sørensen Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet

University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Bodo Haas Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn,

Germany

Hajo Haase Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University,

Aachen, Germany

Fathi Habashi Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering,

Laval University, Quebec City, Canada

Alice Haddy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North

Carolina, Greensboro, NC, USA

Nguyet-ThanhHa-Duong ITODYS, Universite Paris-Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite,

CNRS UMR 7086, Paris, France

Jesper Z. Haeggstrom Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics

(MBB), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

James F. Hainfeld Nanoprobes, Incorporated, Yaphank, NY, USA

Sefali Halder Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University,


Boyd E. Haley Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington,

KY, USA

Raymond F. Hamilton Jr. Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,

Center for Environmental Health, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA

List of Contributors xxxiii

Heidi E. Hannon Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State


Timothy P. Hanusa Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,

TN, USA

Edward D. Harris Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M

University, College Station, TX, USA

Todd C. Harrop Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

Andrea Hartwig Department Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute

of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

Robert P. Hausinger Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,

Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 6193 Biomedical and Physical

Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Hiroaki Hayashi Department of Dermatology, Kawasaki Medical School,

Kurashiki, Japan

Xiao He CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and

Nanosafety & CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of

High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Yao He Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University,

Jiangsu, China

Kim L. Hein Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo

Nordic EMBL Partnership, Oslo, Norway

Claus W. Heizmann Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Chemistry,

University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Michael T. Henzl Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia,

MO, USA

Carol M. Herak-Kramberger Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical

Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia

Christian Hermans Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics,

Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Griselda Hernandez New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center,

Albany, NY, USA

Akon Higuchi Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National

Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan

Department of Reproduction, National Research Institute for Child Health and

Development, Setagaya–ku, Tokyo, Japan

Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Hsi–Chi City, Taipei,

Taiwan

xxxiv List of Contributors

Russ Hille Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA,

USA

Alia V. H. Hinz Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University,

Kalamazoo, MI, USA

John Andrew Hitron Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky,

Lexington, KY, USA

Miryana Hemadi ITODYS, Universite Paris-Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite, CNRS

UMR 7086, Paris, France

Christer Hogstrand Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences

Division, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

Erhard Hohenester Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London,

London, UK

Andrij Holian Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for

Environmental Health, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA

Richard C. Holz Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University

Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Charles G. Hoogstraten Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,

Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Ying Hou Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry

of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang

University, Beijing, China

Mingdong Huang Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess


David L. Huffman Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University,

Kalamazoo, MI, USA

Paco Hulpiau Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent,

Belgium

Amir Ibrahim Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryBurn Fellow, Massachusetts

General Hospital / Harvard Medical School & Shriners Burn Hospital, Boston, USA

Mitsu Ikura Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics,

University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Andrea Ilari Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale

delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy

Giuseppe Inesi California PacificMedical Center Research Institute, San Francisco,

CA, USA

Hiroaki Ishida Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research Group,

University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Vangronsveld Jaco Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University,

Diepenbeek, Belgium

List of Contributors xxxv

Claus Jacob Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland State

University, Saarbruecken, Germany

Sushil K. Jain Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health

Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA

Peter Jensen Department of Dermato-Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospi-

tal Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark

Klaudia Jomova Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constan-

tine The Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia

Raghava Rao Jonnalagadda Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Insti-

tute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Hans Jornvall Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska

Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Olga Juanes Dept. Quımica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad

Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Sreeram Kalarical Janardhanan Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research

Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Paul C. J. Kamer School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK

Tina Kamceva Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear

Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Haukeland

University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

ChulHee Kang Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

Kazimierz S. Kasprzak Chemical Biology Laboratory, Frederick National

Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA

Jane Kasten-Jolly New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center,

Albany, NY, USA

Jens Kastrup Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet University Hospital,

Copenhagen, Denmark

The Heart Centre, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Rigshospitalet University

Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Prafulla Katkar Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,

Italy

Fusako Kawai Center for Nanomaterials and Devices, Kyoto Institute of Technol-

ogy, Kyoto, Japan

Jason D. Kenealey Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of

Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

Bernhard K. Keppler Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna,

Vienna, Austria

xxxvi List of Contributors

E. Van Kerkhove Department of Physiology, Centre for Environmental Sciences,

Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium

Kazuya Kikuchi Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate

School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Michael Kirberger Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta,

GA, USA

Masanori Kitamura Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary

Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo,

Yamanashi, Japan

Rene Kizek Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy,

Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno,

Czech Republic

Nanne Kleefstra Diabetes Centre, Isala clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands

Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen,

The Netherlands

Langerhans Medical Research Group, Zwolle, The Netherlands

Judith Klinman Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology,

California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley,

Berkeley, CA, USA

Michihiko Kobayashi Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Insti-

tute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Ahmet Koc Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of

Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey

Sergey M. Korotkov Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochem-

istry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

Peter Koulen Vision Research Center and Departments of Basic Medical Science

and Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO,

USA

Nancy F. Krebs Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of

Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA

Zbigniew Krejpcio Division of Food Toxicology and Hygiene, Department of

Human Nutrition and Hygiene, The Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan,

Poland

The College of Health, Beauty and Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland

Robert H. Kretsinger Department of Biology, University ofVirginia, Charlottesville,

VA, USA

List of Contributors xxxvii

Artur Krezel Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology,

University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland

Aleksandra Krivograd Klemencic Faculty of Health Sciences, University of

Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Peter M. H. Kroneck Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz,

Germany

Eugene Kryachko Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine

Naoko Kumagai-Takei Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School,

Okayama, Japan

Anil Kumar CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and

Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Chinese

Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China

Thirumananseri Kumarevel RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Harima Institute, Hyogo,

Japan

Valery V. Kupriyanov Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council,

Winnipeg, MB, Canada

Wouter Laan School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK

James C. K. Lai Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College

of Pharmacy and Biomedical Research Institute, Idaho State University, Pocatello,

ID, USA

Maria Jose Laires CIPER – Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human

Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Cruz

Quebrada, Portugal

Kyle M. Lancaster Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell

University, Ithaca, NY, USA

Daniel Landau Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Centre,

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

Albert Lang Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, California

Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,

CA, USA

Alan B. G. Lansdown Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK

Jean-Yves Lapointe Groupe d’etude des proteines membranaires (GEPROM) and

Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

Agnete Larsen Department of Biomedicine/Pharmacology Health, Aarhus Univer-

sity, Aarhus, Denmark

Lawrence H. Lash Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School

of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA

xxxviii List of Contributors

David A. Lawrence Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health,

State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA

Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology and Immunology,

Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA

Peter A. Lay School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Gabriela Ledesma Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad

de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario,

Rosario, Argentina

John Lee Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of

Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

Suni Lee Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan

Silke Leimk€uhler From the Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of

Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

Herman Louis Lelie Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of

California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

David M. LeMaster New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center,

Albany, NY, USA

Joseph Lemire Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University,

Sudbury, ON, Canada

Thomas A. Leonard Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna, Austria

Alain Lescure UPR ARN du CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie

Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

Solomon W. Leung Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, School of

Engineering, College of Science and Engineering and Biomedical Research Institute,

Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, USA

Bogdan Lev Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of Biological

Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Aviva Levina School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Huihui Li School of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal University,

Nanjing, China

Yang V. Li Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic

Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA

Xing-Jie Liang CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and

Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Chinese Acad-

emy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Patrycja Libako Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environ-

mental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland

Carmay Lim Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

List of Contributors xxxix

Sara Linse Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University,

Chemical Centre, Lund, Sweden

John D. Lipscomb Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophys-

ics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Junqiu Liu State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,

College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Qiong Liu College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Zijuan Liu Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI,

USA

Marija Ljubojevic Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research

and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia

Mario Lo Bello Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome,

Italy

Yan-Chung Lo The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Lingli Lu MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological

Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University,

Hangzhou, China

Roberto G. Lucchini Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Section

of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York,

USA

Bernd Ludwig Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

Quan Luo State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,

College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Jennene A. Lyda Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Environmen-

tal Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA

Charilaos Lygidakis Regional Health Service of Emilia Romagna, AUSL of

Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Jiawei Ma Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry

of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang

University, Beijing, China

Jian Feng Ma Plant Stress Physiology Group, Institute of Plant Science and

Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan

Megumi Maeda Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience,

Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama,

Japan

xl List of Contributors

Axel Magalon Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne (UPR9043), Institut de

Microbiologie de la Mediterranee, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille,

France

Jeanette A. Maier Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco,

Universita di Milano, Medical School, Milano, Italy

Robert J. Maier Department of Microbiology, The University of Georgia, Athens,

GA, USA

Masatoshi Maki Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School

of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

R. Manasadeepa Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University,


David J. Mann Division of Molecular Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences,

Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK

G. Marangi Istituto di Genetica Medica, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore,

Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy

Wolfgang Maret Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences

Division, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

Bernd Markert Environmental Institute of Scientific Networks, in Constitution,

Haren/Erika, Germany

Michael J. Maroney Department of Chemistry, Lederle Graduate Research Center,

University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA

BrendaMarrero-Rosado Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan

State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Christopher B. Marshall Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical

Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Dwight W. Martin Department of Medicine and the Proteomics Center, Stony

Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA

Ebany J. Martinez-Finley Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Clinical

Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,

TN, USA

Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,

TN, USA

Jacqueline van Marwijk Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotech-

nology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Pradip K. Mascharak Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of

California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

Anne B. Mason Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington,

VT, USA

HidenoriMatsuzaki Department of Hygiene, KawasakiMedical School, Okayama,

Japan

List of Contributors xli

Jacqueline M. Matthews School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of

Sydney, Sydney, Australia

Andrzej Mazur INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Universite,

Universite d’Auvergne, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France

Paulo Mazzafera Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de

Campinas/Instituto de Biologia, Cidade Universitaria, Campinas, SP, Brazil

Michael M. Mbughuni Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and

Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Joseph R. McDermott Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,

Rochester, MI, USA

Megan M. McEvoy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of

Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

Astrid van derMeer Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology,

Delft, The Netherlands

Petr Melnikov Department of Clinical Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal

University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

Gabriele Meloni Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Howard

Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

Ralf R. Mendel Department of Plant Biology, Braunschweig University of Tech-

nology, Braunschweig, Germany

Mohamed Larbi Merroun Departamento de Microbiologıa, Facultad de Ciencias,

Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain

Albrecht Messerschmidt Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction,

Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany

Marek Michalak Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,

AB, Canada

Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Isabelle Michaud-Soret iRTSV/LCBM UMR 5249 CEA-CNRS-UJF, CEA/

Grenoble, Bat K, Universite Grenoble, Grenoble, France

Radmila Milacic Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute,

Ljubljana, Slovenia

Glenn L. Millhauser Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of

California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

Marija Milovanovic Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac,

Centre for Molecular Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia

Shin Mizukami Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate


Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

xlii List of Contributors

Cristina Paula Monteiro Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of

Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal

Augusto C. Montezano Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research

Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Pablo Morales-Rico Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico city,

Mexico

J. Preben Morth Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL

Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Jean-Marc Moulis Institut de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies du Vivant,

Laboratoire Chimie et Biologie des Metaux (IRTSV/LCBM), CEA–Grenoble,

Grenoble, France

CNRS, UMR5249, Grenoble, France

Universite Joseph Fourier–Grenoble I, UMR5249, Grenoble, France

Isabel Moura REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de


Jose J. G. Moura REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de


Mohamed E. Moustafa Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexan-

dria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Amitava Mukherjee Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore,

Tamil Nadu, India

Biswajit Mukherjee Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Univer-

sity, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Balam Munoz Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico city, Mexico

Francesco Musiani Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology,

University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Joachim Mutter Naturheilkunde, Umweltmedizin Integrative and Environmental

Medicine, Belegarzt Tagesklinik, Constance, Germany

Bonex W. Mwakikunga Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, National

Centre for Nano–Structured, Pretoria, South Africa

Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, University ofMalawi, TheMalawi

Polytechnic, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi

Chandra Shekar Nagar Venkataraman Condensed Matter Physics Division,

Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam,

Tamil Nadu, India

Hideaki Nagase Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of

Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford,

London, United Kingdom

List of Contributors xliii

Sreejayan Nair University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health

Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine,

Laramie, WY, USA

Manuel F. Navedo Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of

Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Tim S. Nawrot Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University,

Diepenbeek, Belgium

Karel Nesmerak Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles

University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional

Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana,

IL, USA

Crina M. Nimigean Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical


Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New

York, NY, USA

Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

Yasumitsu Nishimura Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School,

Okayama, Japan

Naoko K. Nishizawa Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The

University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural Univer-

sity, Ishikawa, Japan

Valerio Nobili Unit of Liver Research of Bambino Gesu Children’s Hospital,

IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Nicholas Noinaj Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes

and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,

USA

Aline M. Nonat Laboratoire d’Ingenierie Moleculaire Appliquee a l’Analyse,

IPHC, UMR 7178 CNRS/UdS ECPM, Strasbourg, France

Sergei Yu. Noskov Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of


Wojciech Nowacki Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of

Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland

David O’Connell University College Dublin, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland

Masafumi Odaka Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School

of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo,

Japan

xliv List of Contributors

Akira Ono Department of Material & Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering,

Kanagawa University, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan

Laura Osorio-Rico Departamento de Neuroquımica, Instituto Nacional de


Patricia Isabel Oteiza Departments of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology,

University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Takemi Otsuki Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama,

Japan

Rabbab Oun Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Univer-

sity of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK

Vidhu Pachauri Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and

Development Establishment, Gwalior, India

Oscar Palacios Departament de Quımica, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat

Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles (Barcelona), Spain

Maria E. Palm-Espling Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Center,

Umea University, Umea, Sweden

Claudia Palopoli Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad de

Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario,

Argentina

Tapobrata Panda Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical

Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Lorien J. Parker Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent’s Institute of

Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and

Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

Michael W. Parker Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent’s Institute of

Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and

Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

Marianna Patrauchan Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,

College of Arts and Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA

Sofia R. Pauleta REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de


Evgeny Pavlov Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine,

Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

V. Pennemans Biomedical Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium

Harmonie Perdreau Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic

EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

List of Contributors xlv

Alice S. Pereira Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia,

Requimte, Centro de Quımica Fina e Biotecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa,

Caparica, Portugal

Eulalia Pereira REQUIMTE, Departamento de Quımica e Bioquımica, Faculdade

de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Eugene A. Permyakov Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy


Sergei E. Permyakov Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumen-

tation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

Bertil R. R. Persson Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University,

Lund, Sweden

John W. Peters Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State


Marijana Petkovic Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear

Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Le T. Phung Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois,

Chicago, IL, USA

Roberta Pierattelli CERM and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University

of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

Elizabeth Pierce Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan


Andrea Pietrobattista Unit of Liver Research of Bambino Gesu Children’s

Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Thomas C. Pochapsky Department of Chemistry, Rosenstiel Basic Medical

Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA

Ehmke Pohl Biophysical Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, School of

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK

Joe C. Polacco Department of Biochemistry/Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Univer-

sity of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

Arthur S. Polans Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UW Eye

Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

K. Michael Pollard Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The

Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA

Charlotte Poschenrieder Lab. Fisiologıa Vegetal, Facultad de Biociencias,

Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Thomas L. Poulos Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pharmaceu-

tical Science, and Chemistry, University of California, Irivine, Irvine, CA, USA

xlvi List of Contributors

Richard D. Powell Nanoprobes, Incorporated, Yaphank, NY, USA

Ananda S. Prasad Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne

State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA

Walter C. Prozialeck Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University,

Downers Grove, IL, USA

Qin Qin Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Maine Center

for Toxicology and Environmental Health, Department of Applied Medical Sciences,

University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA

Thierry Rabilloud CNRS, UMR 5249 Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of

Metals, Grenoble, France

CEA, DSV, iRTSV/LCBM, Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Grenoble Cedex 9,

France

Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France

StephenW. Ragsdale Department of Biological Chemistry, University ofMichigan


Frank M. Raushel Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College

Station, TX, USA

Frank Reith School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of

Adelaide, Centre of Tectonics, Resources and Exploration (TRaX) Adelaide,

Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia

CSIRO Land and Water, Environmental Biogeochemistry, PMB2, Glen Osmond,


Tony Remans Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,

Belgium

Albert W. Rettenmeier Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, Univer-

sity of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Rita Rezzani Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences

and Biotechnologies, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy

Marius Reglier Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, ISM2/BiosCiences UMR

CNRS 7313, Aix-Marseille Universite Campus Scientifique de Saint Jerome,

Marseille, France

Oliver-M. H. Richter Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt,

Germany

Agnes Rinaldo-Matthis Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics

(MBB), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

Lothar Rink Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTHAachen University,

Aachen, Germany

Alfonso Rios-Perez Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico city,

Mexico

List of Contributors xlvii

Rasmus Sejersten Ripa Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet Univer-

sity Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Cluster for Molecular Imaging and Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear

Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Marwan S. Rizk Deptartment of Anesthesiology, American University of Beirut

Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Nigel J. Robinson Biophysical Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, School

of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK

Joao B. T. Rocha Departamento de Quımica, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas,

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

Juan C. Rodriguez-Ubis Dept. Quımica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias,

Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Harry A. Roels Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,

Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

Andrea M. P. Romani Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of

Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

S. Rosato Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Genetica Clinica, Dipartimento di

Ostetrico-Ginecologico e Pediatrico, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere

Scientifico, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy

Barry P. Rosen Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Florida Inter-

national University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

Erwin Rosenberg Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna

University of Technology, Vienna, Austria

Amy C. Rosenzweig Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry,

Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

Michael Rother Institut f€ur Mikrobiologie, Technische Universit€at Dresden,

Dresden, Germany

Benoıt Roux Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The

University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Namita Roy Choudhury Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South

Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia

Jagoree Roy Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA

Kaushik Roy Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technol-

ogy, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Marian Rucki Centre of Occupational Health, Laboratory of Predictive Toxicol-

ogy, National Institute of Public Health, Praha 10, Czech Republic

Anandamoy Rudra Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Univer-

sity, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

xlviii List of Contributors

Giuseppe Ruggiero National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular


Kelly C. Ryan Department of Chemistry, Lederle Graduate Research Center,

University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA

Lisa K. Ryan New Jersey Medical School, The Public Health Research Institute,

University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

Janusz K. Rybakowski Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of

Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

Ivan Sabolic Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and

Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia

Kalyan K. Sadhu Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate


Anita Sahu Institute of Pathology and Center of Medical Research, Medical

University of Graz, Graz, Austria

P. Ch. Sahu Condensed Matter Physics Division, Materials Science Group, Indira

Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India

Milton H. Saier Jr. Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological

Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Jarno Salonen Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics, University

of Turku, Turku, Finland

Abel Santamarıa Laboratorio de Aminoacidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de


Luis F. Santana Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of

Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Helder A. Santos Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Helsinki,

Helsinki, Finland

Dibyendu Sarkar Earth and Environmental Studies Department, Montclair State

University, Montclair, NJ, USA

Louis J. Sasseville Groupe d’etude des proteines membranaires (GEPROM) and

Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

R. Gary Sawers Institute for Microbiology, Martin-Luther University Halle-

Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany

Janez Scancar Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute,

Ljubljana, Slovenia

Marcus C. Schaub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of

Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Sara Schmitt The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos

Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology,

School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

List of Contributors xlix

Paul P. M. Schnetkamp Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss

Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Lutz Schomburg Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charite – University

Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Gerhard N. Schrauzer Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of

California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Ruth Schreiber Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Centre,

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

Ulrich Schweizer Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charite-

Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Ion Romulus Scorei Department of Biochemistry, University of Craiova, Craiova,

DJ, Romania

Lucia A. Seale Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of

Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

Lance C. Seefeldt Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State Univer-

sity, Logan, UT, USA

William Self Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical

Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA

Takashi Sera Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate

School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama,

Japan

Aruna Sharma Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Surgical

Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala

University, Uppsala, Sweden

Hari Shanker Sharma Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of

Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care medicine, University Hospital,

Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Honglian Shi Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas,

Lawrence, KS, USA

Xianglin Shi Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington,

KY, USA

Satoshi Shinoda JST, CREST, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of

Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan

Maksim A. Shlykov Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological

Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Siddhartha Shrivastava Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, Rensselaer Polytech-

nic Institute, Troy, NY, USA

Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic

Institute, Troy, NY, USA

l List of Contributors

Sandra Signorella Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad

de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario,

Rosario, Argentina

Amrita Sil Department of Pharmacology, Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan,

West Bengal, India

Radu Silaghi-Dumitrescu Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,

Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Simon Silver Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois,

Chicago, IL, USA

Britt-Marie Sjoberg Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm

University, Stockholm, SE, Sweden

Karen Smeets Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,

Belgium

StephenM. Smith Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, North-

western University, Evanston, IL, USA

Małgorzata Sobieszczanska Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical

University, Wroclaw, Poland

Young-Ok Son Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington,

KY, USA

Martha E. Sosa Torres Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de

Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico DF, Mexico

Jerry W. Spears Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University,

Raleigh, NC, USA

Sarah R. Spell Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University,

Richmond, VA, USA

Christopher D. Spicer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,

University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

St. Hilda’s College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Alessandra Stacchiotti Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical

Sciences and Biotechnologies, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy

Jan A. Staessen Study Coordinating Centre, Department of Cardiovascular

Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Unit of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Maria Staiano National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular


Anna Starus Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University

Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Alexander Stein HubertusWald Tumor Center, University Cancer Center Hamburg

(UCCH), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany

List of Contributors li

Iryna N. Stepanenko Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna,

Vienna, Austria

Martin J. Stillman Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario,

London, ON, Canada

Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

Walter Stocker Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute of Zoology, Cell

and Matrix Biology, Mainz, Germany

Barbara J. Stoecker Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State Univer-

sity, Stillwater, OK, USA

Edward D. Sturrock Zinc Metalloprotease Research Group, Division of Medical

Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of

Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Minako Sumita Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan

State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Kelly L. Summers Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario,

London, ON, Canada

Raymond Wai-Yin Sun Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of

Synthetic Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of

Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong

Kong, Hong Kong, China

Claudiu T. Supuran Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto

Fiorentino (Florence), Italy

Hiroshi Suzuki Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University,

Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

Q. Swennen Biomedical Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium

Ingebrigt Sylte Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medical

Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

Yoshiyuki Tanaka Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku Univer-

sity, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

Shen Tang Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

Akio Tani Research Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University,

Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan

Pedro Tavares Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia,

Requimte, Centro de Quımica Fina e Biotecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa,

Caparica, Portugal

Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Maastricht

University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Tiago Tezotto Departamento de Producao Vegetal, Universidade de Sao Paulo/

Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

lii List of Contributors

Elizabeth C. Theil Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland,

CA, USA

Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State

University, Raleigh, NC, USA

Frank Thevenod Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Centre for Biomedical

Training and Research (ZBAF), Institute of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Univer-

sity of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany

David J. Thomas Pharmacokinetics Branch – Integrated Systems Toxicology

Division, National Health and Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environ-

mental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

Ameer N. Thompson Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical


Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College,

New York, NY, USA

R€udiger Thul School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham,

Nottingham, UK

Jacob P. Thyssen National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-

Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark

Milon Tichy Centre of Occupational Health, Laboratory of Predictive Toxicology,

National Institute of Public Health, Praha 10, Czech Republic

Dajena Tomco Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

Hidetaka Torigoe Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo

University of Science, Tokyo, Japan

Rhian M. Touyz Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,


Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular

Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

Chikashi Toyoshima Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The Univer-

sity of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Lennart Treuel Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional

Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg–Essen, Essen, Germany

Shweta Trivedi Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University,

Raleigh, NC, USA

Thierry Tron iSm2/BiosCiences UMR CNRS 7313, Case 342, Aix-Marseille

Universite, Marseille, France

Chin-Hsiao Tseng Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University

College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

List of Contributors liii

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine,

National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Tsai-Tien Tseng Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark

Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA

Samantha D. Tsotsoros Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth

University, Richmond, VA, USA

Petra A. Tsuji Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson,

MD, USA

Hiroshi Tsukube JST, CREST, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of

Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan

Sławomir Tubek Institute of Technology, Opole, Poland

Raymond J. Turner Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary,

Calgary, AB, Canada

Toshiki Uchihara Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan

Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan

Takafumi Ueno Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of

Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan

Christoph Ufer Institute of Biochemistry, Charite – Universit€atsmedizin Berlin,

Berlin, Germany

Irem Uluisik Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of

Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey

Balachandran Unni Nair Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute

(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Vladimir N. Uversky Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South

Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA

Joan Selverstone Valentine Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Univer-

sity of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Marian Valko Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine

The Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia

Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, Bratislava,

Slovakia

J. David van Horn Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City,

Kansas City, MO, USA

Frans van Roy Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent,

Belgium

Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

liv List of Contributors

Marie Vancova Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of

Sciences of the Czech Republic and University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice,

Czech Republic

Jaco Vangronsveld Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University,

Diepenbeek, Belgium

Antonio Varriale National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular


Milan Vasak Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Z€urich, Z€urich,Switzerland

Claudio C. Vasquez Laboratorio de Microbiologıa Molecular, Departamento de

Biologıa, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Oscar Vassallo Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,

Italy

Claudio N. Verani Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI,

USA

Nathalie Verbruggen Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics,

Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Sandra Viviana Verstraeten Department of Biological Chemistry, IQUIFIB

(UBA-CONICET), School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos

Aires, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Ramon Vilar Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South

Kensington, London, UK

John B. Vincent Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa,

AL, USA

Hans J. Vogel Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research Group,

University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Vladislav Volarevic Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Centre

for Molecular Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia

Anne Volbeda Metalloproteins; Institut de Biologie Structurale J.P. Ebel; CEA;

CNRS; Universite J. Fourier, Grenoble, France

Eugene S. Vysotski Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Russian

Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Anne Walburger Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne (UPR9043), Institut de

Microbiologie de la Mediterranee, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille,

France

Andrew H.-J. Wang Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei,

Taiwan

Jiangxue Wang Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the

Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,

Beihang University, Beijing, China

List of Contributors lv

Xudong Wang Department of Pathology, St Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA,

USA

JohnWataha Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington HSC

D779A, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA

David J. Weber Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of

Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Nial J. Wheate Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW,

Australia

Chris G.Whiteley Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National

Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan

Roger L. Williams Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,

Cambridge, UK

Judith Winogrodzki Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba,

Winnipeg, MB, Canada

John Pierce Wise Sr. Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology,

Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, Department of Applied

Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA

Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological

Center, Umea University, Umea, Sweden

Bert Wolterbeek Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology,

Delft, The Netherlands

Simone W€unschmann Environmental Institute of Scientific Networks in Constitu-

tion, Haren/Erika, Germany

Robert Wysocki Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw,

Wroclaw, Poland

Shenghui Xue Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

Xiao-Jing Yan Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical

University, Shenyang, China

Xiaodi Yang School of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal Univer-

sity, Nanjing, China

Jenny J. Yang Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA,

USA

Natural Science Center, Atlanta, GA, USA

Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology,

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Univer-

sity of California, Davis, CA, USA

Katsuhiko Yokoi Department of Human Nutrition, Seitoku University Graduate

School, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan

lvi List of Contributors

Vincenzo Zaga Department of Territorial Pneumotisiology, Italian Society of

Tobaccology (SITAB), AUSL of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Carla M. Zammit School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of

Adelaide, Centre of Tectonics, Resources and Exploration (TRaX) Adelaide,


CSIRO Land and Water, Environmental Biogeochemistry, PMB2, Glen Osmond,


Lourdes Zelia Zanoni Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal

University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

Huawei Zeng United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research

Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA

Cunxian Zhang Department of Pathology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode

Island, Kent Memorial Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,

Providence, RI, USA

Chunfeng Zhao Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics and Department of


Anatoly Zhitkovich Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown

University, Providence, RI, USA

Boris S. Zhorov Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster

University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy

of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

Yubin Zhou Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and

Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA

Michael X. Zhu Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

Marcella Zollino Istituto di Genetica Medica, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore,

Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy

List of Contributors lvii

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