enabling value added services in the event-based internet

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Enabling Value Added Services in the Event-based Internet

Towards the Social Event-based Internet of Services, 17 October 2012

Dr. Yiannis VerginadisInsitute of Communication and Computer Systems

National Technical University of Athens

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Agenda

Introduction- Complex Event Processing- PLAY: An Event Marketplace

Value Added Services- Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR) - Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)

Conclusion

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Real-time

Real-time has become one of the crucial characteristics of modern applications and is completely changing the game in the data processing- Data is on the move

o Find results immediately or never one should be informed as soon as his/her flight has a delay

- Information searches for the relevant consumerso instead of searching for information, it should find us

Inform me immediately if my luggage is not onboard and we are about to start (and not after landing)

Google search vs. Twitter followers

Attribution of Slide, Thanks to: Opher Etzion, IBM

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What time is Real-time Twitter world record, 29. Aug. 2011

- Beyoncé's pregnancy announcement during the MTV VMA show resulted in 8,868 tweets per second.

- The previous record was during the final of FIFA Women's World Cup, between Japan and the United States. That resulted in 7,196 tweets per second

Financial market- Nanoseconds trading

eHealth: Remote patient monitoring- One semantic signal in 5 sec

Energy: Smart meters- One reading in 15 min

Real-time is the business real-time or near real-time

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CEP - Complex Event Processing An event is something that has happened, or is contemplated as

having happened (Etzion & Niblett 2010) Event processing is a form of computing that performs

operations on events CEP is an enabling technology that supports on the fly,

(business-) real-time processing of huge event streams CEP is about a timely recognition of the situations of interest and

corresponding reaction- A complex event pattern describes a situation of interest

Pattern detection is one of the notable functions of event processing

EventPatterns

Attribution of Slide,

Thanks to: Opher Etzion, IBM

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Agenda



Conclusion

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Motivating example

Paul is a businessman who has been flying from Paris to New York. He used the entertainment service on board, but hasn’t finished watching the movie before the landing. Two hours later he is entering his room in the downtown hotel he booked earlier and wow: the room entertainment service is ready to PLAY the movie Paul was watching in the plane – of course only the unfinished part.

PLAY

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Vision

To develop and validate an elastic and reliable architecture for dynamic and complex, event-driven interaction in large highly distributed and heterogeneous service systems.

Such an architecture will enable ubiquitous exchange of information between heterogeneous services, providing the possibilities to adapt and personalize their execution, resulting in situational-driven adaptivity

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Big picture

service system A

service B

1 2

Event space 3 (service domain B) Event space 3 (service domain B)

newevent

complex events

AFFECTING

Event space 1 (service domain A)Event space 1 (service domain A)

localcontext

Event space 2 (domain A)Event space 2 (domain A)

localcontext

events

events

SENSING

globalcontext

COMBINING

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Use casesThe first use case is related to the Crisis

Management domain (nuclear accident), which shows the advantage of our platform by increasing situational awareness in a complex crisis situation.

The second use case Socially-aware Smartphone is related to enabling relevant social contacts through mobile devices, by efficient combining real-time and past social-network related events

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Conceptual Architecture

QoS for Event Processing (ELA - Event Level Agreement)

Massively distributed PubSub

„Endless“ P2P storage

Highly elastic EP

Management of Complex situations

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Current status

Play Portal: demo.play-project.eu- RDF-based events- Semantic Event Storage- EP-SPARQL2.0 as the query language

o Allows combining real-time and historical events- Many sources connected to the Portal

o Sensor events Cosm (Pachube events from Solar Panels)

o Social media events Twitter („microsoft“), Facebook („jeans“)

o Personal events SmartPhone events

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Agenda



Conclusion

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Motivation

Not everything can be captured at design time regarding system’s behavior - but we can predefine the Goals to be pursued and achieved

Unexpected or non-ordinary situations must be identified- from streams of events exchanged in SBA environment- they are usually not considered at design-time

Identified situations; they update and enrich application context Selection of (re)Actions to the unexpected situations at runtime

- exploiting the current application context information

A Mechanism for Dynamic Event Subscriptions is needed- Recommender services for dynamic subscriptions will enable how a service in

the distributed EDA will "decide” which (complex) event to subscribe to.

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Situation Action Networks (SANs) SAN is a Goal-directed hierarchical modeling approach that

targets automatic search for new goals when specific circumstances, i.e. situational and contextual settings, arise and adjust active capability in order to satisfy the currently active goals.

In goals-directed modeling, goals are typically refined into sub-goals that elaborate how the goal is achieved, creating in such way hierarchical structure

Hierarchical Structure

Step by step “activation” of Goals

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Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)

Event Subscription Recommender (ESR):- undertakes the task of providing event subscription

recommendations based on service context and event semantics.

- recognizes significant situations in order to recommend event subscriptions to new event sources and complex events.

ESR provides added value to services by enabling them to subscribe: - to the “right events”- at the “right time” and- for the appropriate duration, reducing the cost and network

traffic.

“significant situations”: interesting situations referring to

the states of a system along with its environment that create improvement opportunities

critical situations referring to the need for mitigating a risk or hazard.

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ESR Architecture

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Agenda


Value Added Services- Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)

o Marine Scenarioo Socially-aware SmartPhone Scenario

- Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)Conclusion

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Marine Scenario – AIS Hub (1/2) The International Maritime Organization (IMO) requires all vessels to

carry an AIS (Automatic Identification System) transponder on board,- which transmits their position, speed and course, among some other static information,

such as vessel’s name, dimensions and voyage details.

A vast amount of real time events are available from portals (e.g. http://www.aishub.net/ ) connected to automatic identification systems (AIS) that contain important vessel information worldwide.

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AIS Adapter

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AISHub Scenario

Small Boats in Proximity

Speeding in Windy Conditions

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Safety in high Speed Crafts SAN

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AISHub Scenario

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Agenda


Value Added Services- Event Subscriptions Recommender (ESR)

o Marine Scenarioo Socially-aware SmartPhone Scenario

- Service Adaptation Recommender (SAR)Conclusion

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“Communicate with a Friend” SAN

SIAFU Simulator

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“Communicate with a Friend” SAN

This Recommendation will be accepted or rejected by the user (UcTelcoAnswer Event)

This Recommendation (UcTelcoEsrRecom) can be

exploited by another smartphone app

OR it can be handled by ESR (on user’s behalf). This will result into a number of notifications

interesting to the user

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Socially-aware SmartPhoneContextualized

Latitude„Inform me WHEN there is in proximity a friend of mine, who twitted in the last two days about something that is interesting for me „

Or any other relevant activity in social networks is related to that friend (e.g. Facebook wall update)

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Agenda



Conclusion

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Approach

We aim to suggest workflow or services’ configuration adaptations in order to overcome problems or achieve superior performance- based on significant detected situations

Specifically, for detected situations, we need to be able to define- adaptation points, that is points in a service flow that need to

be adapted as a reaction to a certain situation, and - adaptation actions, indicating what to adapt and how, such as

removal of a problematic service, replacement of an underperforming service, addition of a new service

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Adaptation Approach

Every time the execution reaches an activity or event node, just before its execution, the BPMN2.0 engine can exchange notifications with the situation reasoning engine - through a bridging component in order to check whether the

specific node is a join-pointThe bridging component should be able to suspend

the execution of that particular process instance and - find the advice that should be weaved in the business

process, using the reasoning serviceAfter the successful adaptation the normal process

execution should resume just after the join-point

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A Simple Process Adaptation Scenario

Bridging component queries situation reasoning

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Adaptation Types

BEFORE adaptation type

AFTER adaptation type

AROUND adaptation type

REPLACE

adaptation type

BYPASS adaptation type

REPLACE – AROUND composite adaptation

AFTER – BYPASS composite adaptation

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Framework Architecture Situation reasoning engine that

handles the execution of SANs- SAN repository- SAN execution component- Event management component and- Context component. (Patiniotakis et

al. 2012)

Adaptation Manager- Monitors the execution of process instances, detects whether execution comes to

an active joint point, checks the associated pointcuts and activates the corresponding advices

Aspects Repository- Stores the definitions of aspects along with their comprising parts

BPMN 2.0 engine- Worktoken Open Source Engine

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Agenda



o Nuclear Crisis Management Scenario

Conclusion

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Nuclear Crisis Management

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Illustrative Scenario This process is composed of several activities necessary during

emergency situations in nuclear power plants Main actor is the “Representative of the national authority”

- responsible for assessing the current situation and deciding emergency actions e.g., evacuate area, distribute iodine capsules etc.

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Adaptations in SMP

If ‘study advice’ task takes more than 30 min then weave

Advice 2

If new alerts received before the actor has asked for any advice from the experts yet

then analyze new alerts.

Advice 3 is implemented if the actor has already received the

expert’s advice but has not started to study it yet, while

new alerts have been detected

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Agenda



Conclusion

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Conclusion

PLAY is a global events agreegator and processor, based on three technologies:- Semantics for interopeability- Cloud computing for scalability- Event Processing for real-time/situational

awarenessCurrent development is focused on making the

platform stable and more performant

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Web: http://www.play-project.eu/

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Enabling Value Added Services in the Event-based Internet

Towards the Social Event-based Internet of Services, 17 October 2012

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enabling value added services in the event-based internet

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