emnet: satisfying the individual user through empathic home networks
DESCRIPTION
EmNet: Satisfying The Individual User Through Empathic Home Networks. J. Scott Miller, John R. Lange & Peter A. Dinda Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Prescience Lab http://presciencelab.org http://empathicsystems.org. Summary. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
EmNet: Satisfying The Individual User
Through Empathic Home Networks
J. Scott Miller, John R. Lange & Peter A. DindaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Northwestern University
Prescience Labhttp://presciencelab.org
http://empathicsystems.org
Summary• User satisfaction in home broadband
environments varies dramatically across users– There is no canonical user– Demonstrated with user study
• EmNet: use per-user feedback to schedule external link– User satisfaction increases by 20%
• First network scheduling policy to use per-user satisfaction
Outline
• User satisfaction in home networks– User study with controlled conditions
• EmNet: Design and implementation– Targets home network routers
• Evaluation– User study with controlled conditions
Per-User Variation
• Traditional optimizations focus on a canonical user– Abstract definition for the average user
• Real users have large variability– Different performance demands to achieve
satisfaction
• Optimizing for a single user is non-optimal– Leads to both over and under provisioning
User study
• Variance in typical home network users– Measured satisfaction with network performance– Emulated home network environment
• 20 study participants – Taken from University population
• 3 web applications– Wikipedia, Image labeler, streaming video
• 16 cross traffic scenarios– Both upload and download
• Collected per scenario satisfaction ratings– Satisfaction measured on 10 point scale
Study Testbed
InternetInternet
Cross Traffic Client Cross Traffic Server
Network Bridge(Home Router)
Test Subject
Web Proxy
Emulated Broadband
Link
Interface
• Measurements collected via web interface– Overlaid onto web pages viewed by users
• Router injected code in every web page viewed
Study Results(Streaming Video)
Large Per-User variation in satisfactionAverage satisfaction varies between cross traffic scenarios
Implications
• There is no canonical user– Users have different performance
expectations
• Per-user satisfaction can be collected in real-time
• Optimal network scheduling requires knowledge of user satisfaction
EmNet
• Designed to be embedded in home network routers– Optimizes home networks based on user satisfaction
• Components– User Interface (Satisfaction sensor)– Proxy server and Interface injector– Policy Controller– Network Controller
Proxy Server and User Interface
• Injects JavaScript interface onto web pages
• Monitors and tracks network traffic– Associates connections with user input signals– FlowSets
• Real time measurements of user satisfaction– Corresponding to a given group of connections– Drives bandwidth allocation decisions
On screen slider
Real time satisfaction measurements
Used as input to policy controller
Policy Controller
• Optimizes bandwidth allocation between network flows– Maximizes user satisfaction– Minimizes over-provisioning
• Output – percentage of bandwidth allocated per FlowSet
• Input– User satisfaction measurements– Connections associated with each measurement
• Prevents link monopolization– Guaranteed minimum static allocation– Allocates bandwidth between FlowSets and background traffic– Cost function
User1
BackGround
User2
BackGround
Static BW Dynamic BW
User1
User2
BackGround
User Back Ground
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Satisfaction Rating Value
Network Controller
• Manages network connection performance– Assigns actual bandwidth FlowSets
• Weighted Fair Queuing approach– Weights are set to ensure proportional
allocation under load
System Architecture
User drives queuing decisions
• Designed for home network routers
Evaluation
• EmNet prototype implementation– Installed in network testbed
• Network controller in network bridge– FreeBSD and DummyNET
• Simplistic cost function– Users effectively pay for data (~$10)
User Study
• Separate from initial variability study– 18 participants from university population
• Same 3 applications– Wikipedia, Image Labeler, Streaming Video
• Subset of initial cross traffic scenarios– Most significantly affecting satisfaction
• User interface was injected onto every page– Collected results with and without control active
Evaluation Testbed
InternetInternet
Cross Traffic Client Cross Traffic Server
Network Bridge(Home Router)
Test Subject
Web Proxy
SatisfactionMeasurements Network
Controller
Results
Image Labeler Video Streaming
General Results
• EmNet increases user satisfaction with a nominal increase in bandwidth usage– 20% more satisfied than without network control– 12% more satisfied than static WFQ – 6% more bandwidth than static WFQ
• Experimental cost function ineffective– Users rarely decreased the slider to lower incurred
cost– Cost function had no real world value
• Additional information in Northwestern Technical Report
• Prescience Lab– http://plab.cs.northwestern.edu
• Empathic Systems– http://empathicsystems.org/
• John Lange– http://www.artifex.org/~jarusl