emm introduction 2013
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Introduction
Managing Information Systems
Lee SCHLENKER – EMLYON
The EMLYON Business School
Lyon – March 04, 2013
What is an information system?
Business Partners
Stockholders
Clients
Employees
A set of resources designed to foster organizational learning
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
What role does IT play in innovation?
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
The objectives
EMM MIS
©2010 LHST sarl
Understand the basics
• Study the fundamentals of an
Information System• Analyze the constraints and possibilites
of « structured » information• Explore how the potential links between
an IS and organizational learning• Analyze the potential value of 2.0
technologies
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
Why is studying IS important?
• Understanding the implications
between « structured » and « unstructured data »
• Analyzing the difference between the data and reality
• Understanding how the data fits together
• Exploring the difference between data and action
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
What does “privacy” mean in the digital economy?
Assange, The Conversation
Evaluation
• An open book exam 25/03/2013• Based on a case study• Focus points indentifying :
– the value proposition, – IT/Business alignment, – use of IT concepts/methodologies
The Problem
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IT Doesn’t Matter
• Nicolas Carr compares IT to previous tech revolutions such as railroads and electricity. In what ways is IT different?
• What proof can you offer that information technology in business no longer provides competitive advantage?
• Does the pervasiveness of IT mean there will be less innovation now?
• Hasn't competitive advantage come from unique use of the technology, not just from the technology itself? What examples can you give?
• Do recent advances in Cloud Computing and Mobile Applications confirm or contradict Nicolas Carr's claims?
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Commoditisation
• Over the last 70 years we have repeatly seen proof of innovation in IT : the spreadsheet, the ERP system, Social Network Applications
• In the early days, companies created their own legacy systems to put these ideas into practice
• As the technologies matured, companies editors standardized these applications in the form of products.
• Inevitably these products become simple commodities
Simon Wardley, "Cloud Computing - Why IT Matters"
Technology and Innovation
• Conflict and opportunity – is there a business problem to solve?
• Suitability – is it adjacently possible?
• The Roadmap– how does technology provide a vision of « better »
• The Happy End – how do we best measure the results
Where Good Ideas Come From, by Steven Johnson
Information
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©2010 LHST sarl
The definition of information
• From an objective point of view, information refers to date in context that conveys meaning to an individual.
• From a subjective point of view, we could suggest that it’s the individual’s perspective of the data that implies meaning.
• Given these definitions what meaning do Wikileaks, Twitter, or Facebook have?
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Data, Knowledge and Action
Results
Actions
Knowledge
Context
DataProcess
Interprets
Decisions
Measures
Obtain
Define
Require
Drive
The ladder of initiatives™
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
Structured data
• Structured data refers to data that cabn be easily represented in textual/numeric form and stored in a database.
• Structured data is often logically organized around a data model or data object.
• Such models permit companies to compare and aggregate data in databases, datamarts and data warehouses.
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Non-structured data
• Data is considered « non-structured » if we can’t predefine its attributes and store it in a table or data base
• Examples of this kind of data include press clippings, videoclips, and songs
• In reality, this data isn’t « non-structured » - its just that its attributes involve « complex » relationships
http://jean.marie.gouarne.online.fr/bi.html
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
What meaning do we attach to the data?
Frame
Cloud
Figure (s)
Oracle
Antonello da Messina
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
Information Systems
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Defining an Information System
A business information system is an organized set of resources (platforms, applications, procedures, data and
people) that capture the meaning of work
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
The objectives of an IS
To help us understand the motivations, experience and objectives of the internal and external clients of the organization
Actifs Demandes en temps réel ...
Actionnaires
Compétition “made in” “made by” ...
Société
Peu de barrières d’entrée Acquisitions, OPA ...
Partenaires
Fidélité ? Vrai coûts ...
Clients
L’organisationL’organisation
Mobilité Valorisation des tâches ...
Employées
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
The traditional description of an IS
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Are information systems mirrors of the organizational chart ?
©2012 EMLYON
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Are information systems mirrors of key processes?
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
Technicity
Reflection
Imagination
Cooperation
Method
Action
John Holland
Are information systems mirrors of organizational skills and competencies?
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
Information Systems are a question of perspective
• The financial perspective (entreprise resource planning)
• The logistics perspective (supply chain management)
• The client perspective(client relationship management)
• The community perspective(social media)
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Different sides of the coin
ERP SCM CRMHistory MRP Total Quality
ManagementClient contact systems
Measure QuantitativeStatic
QuantitativeDynamic
Qualitative
Perimeters Inside a firm Between firms Between firms and clients
ROI 5 to 7 years 1 to 3 years 6 months to 1 year
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2010 EMLYON
The Internet
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The Internet
Internet: "The Big Picture" URL HTML, HTTP
WWW
500 million usersmore than 3 billion pages
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Programming the Web
Towards the semantic Web
I. Static web pages (HTML)
II. Web enabled applications(Dynamic Web Pages, ASP, JSP, PHP, ...)
III. Web services
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2012 EMLYON
The Web as a set of information flows
• The Internet is only one component of the Web
• Web sites and portals are only isolated endpoints of information flows
• We capture the information flows on Twitter, Deezer, Facebook and Netvibes
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
Digital footprints and clickstreams
• Before the Web we assumed that our digital footprint was as ephemeral as a phone
• Clickstreams can provide a level of intelligence about how people use the Web
• Innovative companies have figured out how to deliver great Web-based services by divining clickstream patterns
• We have yet to aggregate the critical mass of clickstreams in a database of intentions
Prof. Lee SCHLENKER
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
How can IT improve productivity?
Focus Improve Knowledge Leverage Mesure
Organization Processes Explicit Transactions Efficiency
Services Delivery Implicit Interactions Effectiveness
Networks Relationships Emerging Interactions Innovation
Search Relevancy Connected Associations CTR
Mobility Context Embedded Proximity Relevancy
Intro Application MetricsImpact
Mobile Applications
EMM MIS
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Zaarly
• Zaarly is a buyer-powered market - focus on what people want than what they have
• Creates a broad, transparent, and social marketplace
• 43 percent of the items are requests for "stuff, 40 percent for services, and 17 percent for "access to experiences“
• Business model based on transactional sales
Intro Application MetricsImpact
Context over Process
• Context : The setting (circumstances) in which an event occurs
• Process : A structure of activities and tasks in response to customer demands
• Processes are models whereas context reflects patterns of interaction
• Context has geographical and social dimensions
Saavedra
Intro Application MetricsImpact
Changing IS skills
• Analyse the user experience and the context in which they « work »
• Design applications essentially from web services
• Understand how the various mobile platforms are built
• Develop mobile strategies that match the underlying business models
Intro Application MetricsImpact
Giving « an application » new meaning
• Aesthetic, convenient user interface
• Asynchronous Communication
• Always-on network connectivity
• Critical personal data
• Built-in interactivity
Intro Application MetricsImpact
Revenue Models
• Advertising revenue• Brand Takeovers• Download fees (and upgrades) • In-app purchases • Subscriptions• Two-sided model (the app as a
platform)
Paulina Delgado Soots
Intro Application MetricsImpact
Workshop
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How would you build a workspace?
• Cecile Balmond – Informal• (Work) spaces aren’t bound by
technology but by vision• Rules aren’t boundaries, just
considerations• Vision, actors, events,
outcomes, gateways
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A Mashup
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2012 EMLYON
Main featuresWhat is a Dashboard?Registration
Simple RegistrationFacebook ConnectProfileSign InEdit your account infoChange profile imageEmail settingsChange passwordManage DashboardsBackup FeedsThird Party Services
Dashboards
Private & Public DashboardsApp ViewReader ViewSettingsThemesKeyboard ShortcutsSharingMobile Versions SpecificsSign-iniPhone, Android versionWap version
Netvibes is a mash-up that allows you to construct a personalised page filled with near real time content on the subject of your choice
Add in information flows
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2012 EMLYON
• Six groups : ERP, SCM, CRM, Internet, Social Media, Mobile Applications
• Five pages : Group Presentation, conflict, skills and aptitudes, roadmap, metrics
• Each page : HTML page, Twitter, Documents, News, Videos, Link to Public page
• Communicate the URL of the public page to [email protected]
Resources
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Collaborative Platform
Objectives IS Information
Problem Internet
©2012 EMLYON
http://www.valuearchitect.org/
• Administrative details • Recommended readings• Course support• Current events• Discussion forum/help desk