Forest Carbon Partnership Facility 20th Carbon Fund Meeting

Washington D.C.

July 8-11, 2019

Emission Reductions Program (ER-P)

Country: FIJI

Contents1. Jurisdiction: map and key program area

2. Key drivers and underlying causes

3. Interventions

4. Implementation plan

5. ER program budget and financing

6. Forest Reference Level

7. Measurement Monitoring and Reporting

8. Estimated emission reduction

9. Safeguards

10.Benefit sharing mechanism

11.Stakeholders consultation and participation

12.Alignment with jurisdictional and national

development priorities

Country Context

• No. of islands: 330

• About one third are inhabited

• Population: 905,502 (2017)

• Forest area: 55%

• Approx. 83% of area is under native land

tenure

• Native land belong to village groups

Jurisdiction: map and key program area

• The proposed ER-P accounting area include the three largest islands, Viti Levu, Vanua Levu and Taveuni

• ER program area covers 90 % of the land mass and 94% of the forest over

• The ER-P accounting area hosts 11 of the 14 Provinces.

• The 11 provinces hosts 97% of the 2017 population

• ER program area consists of native forests, mangroves and forest plantations (pine and mahogany)

Key Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation

• Forest conversion to agriculture

• Conventional logging

• Poorly planned infrastructure development

• Invasive species

• Traditional use of forests

• Mining

Mining

conversion of forests for agriculture

Conventional logging

Underlying causes of Deforestation and FD

• High demand of agriculture products such as Kava

(traditional drink)

• Land tenure system

• Demand for timber to meet infrastructure

• Growing tourism industry

1. Integrated Land Use Management Plan

2. Sustainable Management of Native Forest

3. Afforestation Plantation Pine and Mahogany

4. Afforestation Community planting

5. Agroforestry and Alternative Livelihood

6. Forest Conservation

ERP Interventions

Expected Impacts of the Interventions

COMPONENT 2

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Forest Degradation –

sustainable

management of forest

Enhancement of

Carbon Stocks

(Plantations)

(planting

increased)

Enhancement of

Carbon Stocks

(Community

Planting)

Enhancement

of Carbon

Stocks

(Agroforestry)

Forest

Conservation

areas of

deforestation

avoided)

Total

Area impacted over

5 years (ha)8,500 7,532 5,750 6,000 9,500 37,282

Number of Province

Involved6 4 9 7 5

Districts involved 8 7 11 20 6

Number of

communities

involved

40 80 100 1000 12

Implementation Plan

• Preparation of multi-sectoral

integrated land use plan at

district level

– Management Plan involves REDD+

activities including SFM, carbon

enhancement, avoidance of

deforestation , agroforestry and

forest conservation.

• Multi sector collaboration

•focusing on strengthening existing frameworks

•20 Integrated District Land Use and Management Plans

Component 1: Strengthening enabling conditions for emissions reduction

• implement integrated land use plan at district level

• addressing conventional logging

• restoration of degraded land

• afforestation and reforestation by communities

• plantation by private plantation companies

Component 2: Effective Coordination and implementation of integrated land use

• monitor and evaluate implementation of the activities

• delivery, reporting and dissemination of key learnings from ER-P activities

Component 3: Efficient program management , reporting and verification of emission reduction

Overall Budget - ERP

Expected Sources of Funds Unit Total

Total program cost (uses of funds) USD 42,446,398

Financing Sources

• Fiji Government USD 13,327,244

• External Sources (anticipated) USD 8,889,071

• Carbon Fund results-based payment USD 12,573,154

• Fiji Pine Ltd. USD 6,704,500

• Fiji Hardwood Corporation USD 1,140,978

• Logging Industry (private) USD 549,140

TOTAL sources USD 43,184,087

Summary of the total ER-Program costs

Activity Total (USD)

1 Component 1: Strengthening enabling conditions for emissions reduction 1,647,630

1.1Integrated District Land Use Planning (IDLUP) to promote more sustainable long-term

integrated landscape management1,307,130

1.2 Strengthening forest governance and law enforcement 243,000

1.3 Forest information system 97,500

2 Component 2: Integrated Landscape Management 36,681,142

2.1 Sustainable natural forest management 974,140

2.2 Afforestation and reforestation plantation 7,845,478

2.3 Afforestation and reforestation restoration of ecosystem services 13,846,750

2.4 Agroforestry and enhanced livelihoods 10,750,000

2.5 Promotion of forest protection, to conserve existing natural forest carbon stocks. 3,264,774

3 Component 3: Program Management and Emissions Monitoring 4,855,315

3.1 Program coordination and management 3,027,626

3.2 Monitoring and evaluation (M&E), including monitoring of safeguards 75,000

3.3 MRV - Implementation and management 1,752,689

Total 43,184,087

Forest Reference Level

▪ Constructed FRL covering three major

islands; Viti Levu, Vanua Levu and Taveuni

▪ The FRL covers approximately 90% of Fiji’s

landmass and about 94% of Fiji’s forest

area

▪ Reference period for forest reference

level: 2006-2016.

▪ Used Multi-temporal forest change data

(Annual Forest Change)

Sources and Sink

Sources/ Sinks Included

?

Justification / Explanation

Emissions

from

deforestation

Yes Forest area converted into non-forest

area

Emissions

from forest

degradation

Yes Currently unsustainable forest

management practices are

widespread in Fiji, causing a decline

of carbon stocks in Natural Forests.

Removal from

enhancement

of forest

carbon stocks

Yes This includes

afforestation/reforestation (AR)

activities on degraded lands and

management of existing plantation

areas.

Carbon Pools

Above-ground biomass

Forest Reference Level

Forest

Reference

Emission Level

Emission /

Removal

(tCO2e yr-1)

Lower

Confidence

Interval

(tCO2e yr-1)

Upper Confidence

Interval

(tCO2e yr-1)

Deforestation 2,696,831 2,143,830 3,373,850

Forest

Degradation310,442 321,925 467,501

Enhancement of

Carbon Stocks-1,370,469 -960,855 -1,791,358

Net FRL 1,636,804 953,458 2,444,030

FRL

• Use combination of remote sensing and ground based forest carbon inventory approaches.

• Activity data: Updated annually

• Using EF from NFI 2006 and new NFI is planned for 2019.

• Forest Resource Assessment and Conservation Division is responsible for Monitoring and Measurement.

Measurement, Monitoring and Reporting

Benefit Sharing Mechanism

Objectives ▪ Develop climate-resilient communities.

▪ Empower communities to take ownership of their sustainable development to improve their livelihoods.

▪ Conserve native forests and increase community woodlots and plantations, helping to generate more emissions reductions and removals.

Principles▪ Benefit sharing should be: equitable and fair, inclusive, effective, efficient, transparent

• Flexible, comply with relevant laws and support meeting international agreements, based on commitment and performance

▪ Local communities are expected to benefit the most.

▪ Beneficiaries should participate voluntarily through free, prior and informed consent, enabling their consideration of options and alternatives.

▪ Non-monetary benefits should be prioritized.

▪ Consideration should be given to non-carbon benefits.

Delivery of Benefits

Monitoring the Benefit Sharing Mechanism

• SESA report identified social and environmental issues.

• Identified priority non-carbon benefits.

• A SIS is under design and will be institutionalized.

• Study report ( SESA and ESMF) recommended institutional

arrangements for monitoring of non-carbon benefits and

safeguards.

• Establishment of mechanisms for monitoring of non-

carbon benefits

Safeguards

Stakeholder Consultation and Participation

Alignment with National Policies & Climate Commitment

• National REDD+ Policy

• National Climate Change Policy

• National Forest Policy

• Green Growth Framework

• National Climate Change Policy (2018-2030)

• National Development Plan (NDP) 2017-2036

• Fiji’s Low Emissions Development Strategy

• Supports the development of Integrated

National and subnational land use plan

Vinaka Vakalevu

Emalu Landscape, March 2017 (Photo: Prem Neupane)