emission reduction provisions for airports vision-100 faa reauthorization (p.l. 108-176) office of...
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Emission Reduction Provisionsfor Airports
Vision-100FAA Reauthorization
(P.L. 108-176)
Office of AirportsCommunity and Environmental Needs
Division
Voluntary Airport Low Emission Program
Meet CAAregulations withclean technology
More Federal $$to improve air quality
Airport emission credits to spurearly action
Greaterairport and project
eligibility
The Vision-100 Approach
Use ‘best achievable’ EPA low emission standards
Rely mainly on alternative domestic fuels
Emphasize deployment of commercially viable technology
Coordinate with Federal, State and local agencies
Vision-100 Program is Based on the Inherently Low Emission Airport Vehicle (ILEAV) Pilot Program
SMF SFO
BTR
DFW
DIA
ATL
BWI
JFKLGA
ORD
ILEAV1,500 Vehicles Planned
1/3 GAV
2/3GSE
50% Vehicles
50%Infrastructure
1/3 CNG 2/3Electric
1/3 GAV
National GSE Fleet isNational GSE Fleet isApproximately 72,000Approximately 72,000
25%Airline-owned
75%
Other
Airline GSE by Fuel TypeAirline GSE by Fuel Type(~55,000 units with average age of 9.4 years)(~55,000 units with average age of 9.4 years)
Diesel38%
Gasoline48%
Electric10%
CNG/LPG4%
National scope Commercial service airports located inNonattainment or Maintenance Areas
(~150 of 510 airports, including most of busiest)
More alternative fuels Also hybrids that meet low emission standards
Greater Federal share (75%-100%) Infrastructure and facilities Vehicles (incremental costs)
Areas of Expanded Project Eligibility from Pilot Program
Eligibility
Mobile sources not specified
“…any construction, reconstruction, repair, improvement, or purchase of capital equipment for the airport.”
Early documentation hard to get
“State implementation plans or other documentation shall be obtained to justify the project.”
Emission credits not guaranteed
New Provisions EliminateNew Provisions EliminatePrevious Procedural BarriersPrevious Procedural Barriers
(AIP Order 5100.38B)(AIP Order 5100.38B)
Airport dedicated
Low emission standards
Four ‘legs’ of Vehicle Four ‘legs’ of Vehicle EligibilityEligibility
Allowable fuel types
Ownership conditions
Best AchievableBest AchievableLow Emission StandardsLow Emission Standards
EPA standardsby vehicle class
Viable commercial technology
Conversions of airport power plants, generators, and other combustion sources to cleaner fuels
Eligible Infrastructure Eligible Infrastructure ExamplesExamples
Replaced by...Replaced by...
Tanker Trucks Fuel Carts
Reduced Reduced by...by...
Ground PowerGround Power Pre-conditioned Air
Fuel Hydrants
Auxiliary Power Unit
Aircraft ground support equipment (GSE)
On-road vehicles…
Vehicles Must BeVehicles Must BeAirport DedicatedAirport Dedicated
No cars, taxis
super shuttles
limousinesSecurity vehicles
Parking lot shuttles and buses
Two Major AirportFunding Programs
$300 million for Noise & Air Quality
Entitlements70%
Funding
Airport Improvement Program (AIP)~$3 Billion/Year
Passenger FacilityCharges (PFC)
~$2 Billion/Year
30%
Eligibility by Funding Source
AIP• New vehicles• Airport-owned• Alternative fuels
PFC• New and retrofit vehicles• Airport and non-airport owned• Alternative and cleaner conventional fuels
Emission credits to airports can be used to meet future requirements
General Conformity
New Source Review
Credit requirements
Nationally consistent approach
Provided on a timely basis
Based on existing CAA criteria: quantifiable, surplus, permanent, enforceable, SIP consistent
ILEAV projects credited retroactively
Funding Only With Funding Only With EPA/State Credit GuaranteeEPA/State Credit Guarantee
Emissioncredits
Emission Credits
AllAirport emission
credits to spur early action
Organizations
Documents
Actions
NationalCredit Guidance
New AIP/PFC Eligibility Guidance and GSE Pilot Program
EPA FAA
AirportsState & Local
Air QualityAgencies
Technical Report
Program Guidance
Airport Program Application Begins
FAA
Airport Air Quality Proposal• Description of program measures• Emission savings estimates• Confirmation that emission savings are quantifiable,
surplus, enforceable, permanent• Relationship with State air quality plans
PreliminaryState AQ agency
approval
Application to State for emission credits
Application to FAA for AIP/PFC funding
FAA fundingapproval of proposed
measures
Program Application Phase
State letter of assurance
to FAA
FAA
Actual emission savings report to State AQ agency
Airport projectimplementation
VerificationAIP/PFC compliance, etc.
Airportcredit use
State AQ agencyissues credits
Program ImplementationPhase
Airport credit statement
Trackingprocess
AIPGSE Retrofit Pilot Program
For GSE retrofits using conventional fuels
10 commercial service airports in NA/MA Each grant up to $500,000
Selection criteria: Cost effectiveness based on the remaining
life of the vehicle Only emission control technologies certified or verified by EPA Priority for airport owned GSE EPA/State assurance of emission credits
Federal and State coordinationEPA low emission standardsEPA/FAA airport emissions credit guidanceDOE alternative fuels information
Eligibility guidanceNew EPA air quality standards Cost-effectiveness (‘leading edge’ technology)Public access to refueling stations
GSE retrofit pilot program Modeling enhancements
Looking Ahead…Looking Ahead…Clean air
around airports