emilia franziska müller, mdep hanns seidel stiftung korea hanns seidel foundation electronic...
TRANSCRIPT
Emilia Franziska Müller,
MdEP
Hanns Seidel Stiftung Korea
Hanns Seidel Foundation Electronic Working Paper
03-03
Emilia Franziska Müller,
MdEP
Corea-Trip 2003
Women in Business
Women in Business
Improved situation for women more and more women are working increasing number of well educated women women want to be independent women give up their typical role as housewives and
mothers many double-income families
Women in Business...some
figures
Qualification 54% of the pupils who get their school-leaving exams are
girls in the European Union:
107 women per 100 men have a professional degree
in Portugal:
134 women per 100 men in Germany:
only 84 women per 100 men
Women in Business
Female employment rate on average 50% of women in the EU are working (72,5%
of men) geographically differed
in the Nordic member states: nearly as many women as men are employed
in Spain and Great Britain: 30% less women than men are employed in Germany: 17.7%
At the summit of the EU in Lisbon 2001 the member states decided: until 2010 female employment rate should be increased up to 60%.
Women in Businessgender pay gap
on the EU-average women earn 25% less money than men
in Denmark: women earn only 8% less than men in Germany: 27% in Portugal, Greece and the Netherlands: 30%
Women in management positions
Very few women are managers, although their grades are often better than the men´s one.
only 8% of the top-managers are women
geographically differed: in France: 20% of the top-managers are women in Great-Britain: 16% in Germany: only 11%
Women as entrepreneurs
only 8% of working women are self employed in the EU (16% men)
in Italy and Greece: 15% in the Nordic States: only 5%
the number of self employed women decreased over the
last 10 years
Politics for women as entrepreneurs
Many countries want to encourage women to become self employed
National examples: Great Britain: - training for self employment for
women who start working again Germany: - program “starter´s money”
- special network for female
entrepreneurs Sweden: - training and workshops WOW-program
(Winning Opportunities for women)
- Credit-programs
- own bank for female entrepreneurs
European Politics for women as managers and entrepreneurs
The European Union encourages special programs
to complete national efforts:
European Social founds - ESFEuropean program - EQUAL
(against discrimination on labour market)
especially for female managers and entrepreneurs
Compatibility of job and family
Nowadays: it´s the women´s goal to combine family and jobwomen mainly work in part time jobs
Guidelines of the EU, i.e. legal protection of expectant mothers:
• at least 14 weeks of paid maternity leave with guaranteed protection against unlawful dismissal
day care facilities for children:• extend offer of public day care centres
European Commission monitors enforcement of guidelines
home job
Initiatives for women in Germany
Financial support for mothers: Maternity leave
Family allowance : – 150€ per month,
– until age 24
Federal child-rearing allowance – max. 307 € per month, depending on the income
– for 2 years
Bavarian child-rearing allowance– during the 3rd year of maternity leave
Guaranteed place in the kindergarten from 3 -6 years
Children´s care - possibilities
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 to 3 years, day nurseries
3 to 6 years, kindergartens
in %