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Emergency Exposure Situations Developing a National Capability for Response to a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency Plans and Procedures for Emergency Response Plans and Procedures for Emergency ResponseLecture IAEA Post Graduate Educational Course in Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources

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Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response 2 Introduction l Emergency plan is a general description of roles and responsibilities of all responding organizations l National emergency plan is a summary of detailed plans n Ensures all other planning integrated and compatible l Implementing procedures and resources required to carry out plans l Objective of this lecture is to present and explain n Plan outlines at national, local and operator level n Process of developing and writing implementing procedures

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3 Content l Radiation emergency plan outlines n National radiation emergency plan (NREP) n Local government and participating organizations emergency plans n Facilitys (on-site) emergency plan n Mobile source operators contingency plan/procedures l Implementing procedures outline l Summary Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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4 Overview l National radiation emergency plan (NREP), plans of participating organizations, local governments, facilities and operators should be highly coordinated and consolidated l Outlines of plans and procedures presented in this lecture present a starting point for developing plans Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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5 Integrated Emergency Planning Concept Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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6 National Radiation Emergency Plan (NREP) l NREP provides basis for emergency preparations by both local and national response organizations l NREP contains information other organizations need to know about national level response l Summary of more detailed plans and assures all other planning integrated and compatible Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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7 Compatibility Plans must have compatible n Terminology n Concepts of operations n Emergency operations management n Organization and functional descriptions n Co-ordination, activation and integration n Facilities, communications n Procedures, methods and equipment used for performing common or integrated tasks n Training and exercises n Maintenance and quality assurance Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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8 National Radiation Emergency Plan (NREP) Outline l Title (cover) page l Table of Contents l Chapter 1: Introduction l Chapter 2: Planning Basis l Chapter 3: Emergency Response Process l Chapter 4: Emergency Preparedness Process l References l List of Abbreviations l Distribution List l Appendixes Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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9 Title (Cover) l Title l Version No. l Approval date l Validation date l Signatures of the heads of all participating organizations

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10 Chapter 1: Introduction l Sections 1.1Purpose 1.2Participating organizations 1.3Scope 1.4Legal basis 1.5Related plans and documents Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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11 Chapter 2: Planning Basis l Sections 2.1Types of threats 2.2Terms 2.3Response roles and responsibilities 2.4Response organization Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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12 Chapter 2: Planning Basis (1) l Sections 2.5Response facilities 2.6Response communications 2.7Logistics/resource commitments 2.8Concept of operations Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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13 Chapter 3: Emergency Response Process l Sections 3.1Notification, activation and request for assistance 3.2Emergency management 3.3Performing mitigation 3.4Taking urgent protective action Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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14 Chapter 3: Emergency Response Process (2) l Sections (continued) 3.5Providing warnings and instructions to the public 3.6Protecting emergency workers 3.7Providing medical assistance and mitigating the non-radiological consequences 3.8Assessing the initial phase Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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15 Chapter 3: Emergency Response Process (3) l Sections related to functional response 3.9Keeping the public informed 3.10Taking agriculture, ingestion and long-term countermeasures 3.11Conducting recovery operations 3.12 Financing operation 3.13Maintaining records and management of data Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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16 Chapter 4: Emergency Preparedness l Sections 4.1Authorities and responsibilities 4.2Organization 4.3Coordination 4.4Plans and procedures Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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17 Chapter 4: Emergency Preparedness (2) l Sections 4.5Logistical support and facilities 4.6Training 4.7Exercises 4.8Quality assurance and programme maintenance Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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18 Additional Information l References l List of abbreviations l Distribution list l Appendixes Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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19 Suggested Appendixes A 1 - Authorities, responsibilities and capabilities of national agencies, ministries and organizations A 2 - Table of international legal authorities and agreements A 3 - National guidance A 4 - Emergency planning maps A 5 - Facilities and specialized radiological resources Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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20 Suggested Appendixes (2) A 6 - Event Specific Coordination A 7 - Supporting documentation/plans A 8 - Preparedness and response terms Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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21 Emergency Plan Outline for Participating Organizations l Title (cover) page l Contents l Chapters n Introduction n Planning basis n Emergency response n Emergency preparedness l References l List of abbreviations l Distribution list l Appendixes Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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22 Suggested Appendixes A 1 - Organization authorities, responsibilities and capabilities A 2 - Agreements A 3 - Emergency planning maps A 4 - Protective actions A 5 - Facilities and specialized radiological resources A 6 - Supporting documentation Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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23 Emergency Plan Outline for Facility (On-site) l Title (cover) page l Contents l Chapters n Introduction n Planning basis n Emergency response n Emergency preparedness l References l List of abbreviations l Distribution list l Appendixes Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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24 Suggested Appendixes A 1 - Organization authorities, responsibilities and capabilities A 2 - Agreements A 3 - Emergency planning maps and diagrams A 4 - Emergency classification system A 5 - Protective action A 6 - Facilities and specialized radiological resources A 7 - Supporting documentation Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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25 Mobile Source Operators Contingency Plan/Procedure Outline l Emergency response sections 1.1Entry conditions 1.2Responsibility 1.3Cautions 1.4Immediate response actions Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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26 Mobile Source Operators Contingency Plan/Procedure Outline (2) l Normal standing instructions sections 2.1Operator daily checks 2.2Training and exercises 2.3Plan and equipment maintenance l Distribution list l Appendixes A 1 - Contact numbers A 2 Information for radiological assessor or radiation protection officer A 3 - Information for local off-site officials Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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27 Implementing Procedures (IP) l IP is step by step description of actions to be carried out l IP should be: n Connected to your response plan n Integrated into system n Easily readable and traceable l IP not stand-alone document Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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28 Why We Need Procedures l Emergencies can happen at any time n Most experienced staff may be on leave, sick, etc. n Relatively high turnover in emergency response staff l Mistakes and misjudgements less probable l Without written documentation, response system can be dangerously ineffective l Procedures form basis for training emergency staff Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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29 Development Steps l Gather needed information l Define objective(s) l Define process (concept of operation) l Write and distribute procedure l Train response staff l Maintain up to date procedures Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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30 Needed Information l You will need: n Overall concept of operations n Organization-specific concepts of operations n Specific objective(s) n Position(s) according to organizational structure Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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31 Procedure Objective(s) l Extract objectives (major goals) of response plan l Define specific tasks during response l Define all possible positions (experts, units, organizations) that are responsible for performing those tasks Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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32 Process l Define a process to meet a single objective l Process is a description of tasks and positions to meet a single objective Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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33 Write Procedure l Define common structure and information required for each procedure l Procedure must be written in manner suitable for user l A balance between training needs and details in procedures must be found Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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34 Train Staff l Approved procedure should not be implemented immediately l Before procedure becomes effective, staff will need to be trained Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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35 Maintain Up to Date Procedures l Procedures not static l Need to be reviewed, updated, approved, released and distributed regularly l Measures should be provided for ensuring those performing procedure aware of and use correct operational steps Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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36 QA System for Implementing procedure(s) l QA system for preparation, approval, release and distribution of IPs should be in place l Changes to procedures need to be controlled n Reviewed, approved, released and distributed regularly l Ensure that qualified operating staff review and practice all IPs over period of time (part of continuous training programme) l Adopt common IP structure and format Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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37 Generic Implementing Procedures Outline l Title page 1.Header l Sections 2.Entry conditions 3.Responsibility 4.Cautions 5.Limitations (optional) 6.Needed before use (optional) 7.Purpose customer (optional) Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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38 Generic Implementing Procedures Outline (2) l Sections (continued) 8.Summary (optional) 9.Definitions (optional) 10.Steps (actions) 11.Reporting (optional) 12.Distribution list 13.Procedure maintenance l Attachments (optional) Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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39 Guidelines for developing Implementing Procedures l Put clear criteria for decision points l Implementing procedures should be stand-alone whenever possible l Precautions and risks clearly highlighted with word Attention or Caution l Implementing procedures field tested to ensure maximum realism built into implementing procedures and to determine if actions can be completed as expected Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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40 Document:NREP-OP-A1 Introduced:1999 Version:01 Valid from:1 October 2001 INITIATION OF THE RESPONSE NCPOQA Copy No.: 2 Receiver: John Initiator Full NameDateSignature Prepared byWorking Paul08/23/2001 Reviewed byClever Mary09/24/2001 Approved byRuling Papa09/26/2001 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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41 l Purpose: To initiate formal response upon notification of a radiological emergency. l Discussion: This procedure should be known and followed by all members and staff of official organizations who may be the first to be notified of an emergency with potential radiological consequences. Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 1 of 7 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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42 l Input n Notification of a potential or real radiological emergency situation l Output n Emergency registry on Worksheet A1 n Alerted/Activated emergency responders (Worksheet A2) n Initial instructions to the caller Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 2 of 7 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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43 Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 3 of 7 Step 1 l Obtain emergency or accident description from the reporting person using Accident Registry Form (Worksheet A1). l Verify the call. Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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44 Step 2 l Advise the caller to take the following actions as applicable: n Do not handle any objects on the accident scene. n Provide first aid if qualified. n Please leave the hazard area and ask other people present to leave the area. Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 4 of 7 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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45 n Confine the area if possible. n Do not eat, drink or smoke near the accident area. n Ask people present to remain on location, away from the hazard, until the arrival of emergency response services. n Wait for emergency response services and brief the On-Scene Controller. Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 5 of 7 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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46 Step 3 l l Alert the Emergency Manager and provide him with the information from the Accident Registry Form (Worksheet A1). Step 4 l l Obtain from the Emergency Manager a list of responders to be alerted/activated. l l Alert/activate them and complete Alerted Emergency Responders Form (Worksheet A2). Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 6 of 7 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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47 Step 5 l Keep recording all events in a logbook. l This include all notifications, communications, emergency actions and any other information that may be useful in documenting the emergency. Performed by: Response Initiator PROCEDURE A1 NREP-OP-A1 Version: 00 Valid since: 1 October 2001 RESPONSE INITIATION Page 7 of 7 Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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48 Summary l Suggested plan outlines at national, local, facility or operator level have been presented l Other formats or structures can be entirely adequate l Structure of radiation emergency plan should be consistent with that of other existing emergency response plans Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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49 Summary l Procedures are needed to carry out emergency response plan l A procedure is a step-by-step description of actions l A procedure is not a stand-alone document l A system for preparation, approval, release, distribution and maintenance should be in place Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response

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50 Where to Get More Information l IAEA, Method for Developing Arrangements for Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency,Updated TECDOC-953, EPR-Method, IAEA, Vienna (2003) Module IX.4 - Developing a National Capability for Response