emergency and disaster nursing review

8/11/2019 Emergency and Disaster Nursing Review

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Color Coding


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A AirwayB Breathing

C CirculationD DisabilityE Exposure


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Complete health history Assessment (cephalocaudal)Diagnostic & Lab tests

Splinting of fracturesCleansing, closure and dressing of woundsPerformance of other necessary interventionsbased on the patients condition Include pain management (use rapid-actingagents)Provide support to patient and family


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AirwayObstruction


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Partial ObstructionComplete Obstruction


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Hemorrhage


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TachycardiaFalling blood pressureIncreasing pulse rate

Cold moist skinDelayed capillary refillPallorThirst

Altered sensoriumOliguria


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Heat Stroke


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Hypothermi


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Loss of the ability to maintain normal bodytemperature (Below 35*C)Definition

Apathy, dysarthria, drowsiness, decreased bodytemp (below 35*C or 95*F)

If left untreated may lead to comaManifestation

Continuous monitoring Rewarming Removal of wet clothing Insulation

Nursing Action


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Near-drowning


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Near drowning is thesurvival for at least

24 hours aftersubmersion that

caused a respiratoryarrest.

Signs &

Symptoms:> Hypoxia>Hypercapnia>Bradycardia>Dysrhythmia

Management:

>CardiopulmonaryResuscitation>Ventilatory support:ET Tube>May havehypothermia: performrewarming


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Decompressionsickness


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Use RACE: IF THE PATIENT IS WITHIN THE

VICINITY!Use ARCE: IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN A PLACE

WHERE YOU ARE TOO FAR TO BEOF IMMEDIATE HELP TO APATIENT YOU


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STOP DROP ROLL


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Stay away frombookcases orfurniture that

can fall on you.Stay away from

windows.

Stay indoorsuntil the

shaking stopsand you're sureit's safe to exit.

Drop down;take cover

under a desk ortable and hold

on.

If you are in acar, slow down

and drive to aclear place. Stayin the car until

the shakingstops.

If you areoutdoors, find a

clear spot awayfrom buildings,trees, and powerlines. Drop to the

ground.

If you are in bed,

hold on and staythere, protectingyour head with a

pillow.


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Manifestation Headache, fever, muscle spasm during deglutition

(due to fear of water/ hydrophobia) paralysis,delirium and convulsion

Nursing Action

Wash the area with soap and water for at least10 minutes.

Nurse should wear PPE when handling salivaand contaminated clothing

Confine and observe the suspected animal for10 days

Administer rabies immunization as prescribed:rabies immune globulin (passive immunization)and human diploid cell vaccine (activeimmunization)


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emergency and disaster nursing review

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