embedded linux sandeep sirpatil graduate student university of north carolina charlotte feb 7, 2005
TRANSCRIPT
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Embedded Linux
Sandeep SirpatilGraduate StudentUniversity of North Carolina CharlotteFeb 7, 2005
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Contents: What is Linux? What is an Embedded OS ? Features of Embedded OS. Flavors of Embedded OS. Features Linux Development tools Market and applications
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What is Linux? Red Hat, Debian or Suse? GNU software? Gnome , KDE or Ximian?
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Linux is … Linux refers to the kernel
maintained by Linus Torvalds and distributed under the same name
The current version of kernel is 2.6
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What makes a good Embedded OS ?
Modular Configurable Scalable Wide CPU support Device Drivers Small size Etc…
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Real Time in OS The ability of the operating system
to provide a required level of service in a bounded response time. – POSIX standard 1003.1
Hard & Soft Real Time.
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What makes a good RTOS?
Multi-threaded and pre-emptible Must support predictable thread
synchronization mechanisms A system of priority inheritance
must exist
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Some Embedded OS flavors VxWorks pSOS QNX Integrity Palm OS Symbian OS
Embedded XP Pocket PC Linux
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Commercial Embedded Linux & RTOS
MontaVista Linux Lineo - Embedix Neoware - NeoLinux Red Hat Embedded Linux FSMLabs - Open RT Linux LynuxWorks - BlueCat RT TimeSys - Linux/Real-Time
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Open source Embedded Linux & RTOS
ART Linux KURT Embedded Debian Project uCLinux – For CPU’s without MMU RTAI Etc.
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Special features of Linux Source code freely available Robust and reliable Modular, configurable, scalable Good support for Networking No runtime licenses Large pool of skilled developers Free software and tools
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Core features of Linux
CPU support (x86, ARM, PowerPC, MIPS,Etc. )
Busses & Interfaces ( ISA, PCI, PCMCA, VME, Parallel, SCSI, USB, IEEE1394, I2C)
I/O (Keyboard, mouse, Display)
Storage (ATA-ATAPI, DiskOnChip, CFI, RAM, ROM)
File Systems (JFFS, FAT, EXT, NFS, Etc.)
Networking (Ethernet, IrDa, 802.11x)
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Architecture of Linux
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RTLinux A “hard real-time” mini operating system runs Linux as it’s lowest priority
execution thread Linux thread completely preemptible Real time threads and interrupt handlers
never delayed by non-realtime operations
Supports user level programming
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RTLinux Architecture
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Development tools Compiler, assembler, linker, etc.. Commercial Open Source.
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Open Source Tool chain Kernel headers gcc – Compiler
binutils – assembler,linker,debugger etc..
glibc – Libraries
Patches if any
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Package version combinations
Host Target Kernel binutils gcc glibc Patchesi386 PPC 2.10.1 2.95.3 2.2.1 NoPPC i386 2.10.1 2.95.3 2.2.3 NoPPC i386 2.13.2.1 3.2.1 2.3.1 No
i386 ARM2.4.1-rmk1 2.10.1 2.95.3 2.1.3 Yes[3]
PPC ARM 2.10.1 2.95.3 2.2.3 Yes[3]
i386 MIPS 2.8.1egcs-1.1.2 2.0.6 Yes[4]
i386 SuperH 2.11.2 3.0.1 2.2.4 Yes[5]Sparc (Solaris) PPC 2.4.0 2.10.1 2.95.2 2.1.3 No
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Applications Industrial Controllers Mobiles, PDA, Media Centers. Telecomm and Networking Hardware Automobile Computers Robotics Vision Systems Etc.
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The Embedded OS market 2004
Market Survey done by www.linuxdevices.com
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Linux choices - 2004
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Some hiccups… Competing and/or lacking
standards No formalized qualification testing GPL license issues Lack of hardware device drivers
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References http://www.linuxdevices.com http://www.embedded-linux.org http://embedded.linuxjournal.com http://embedded.com “Building Embedded Linux Systems” – Karim
Yaghmour Etc.
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Thank you!