embarking on mobile communications systems - mtsfb on mobile... · mobile communications systems...

Malaysia-Japan IMT-2020 (5G) Workshop

6 April 2016

Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia

FUJITSU LIMITED

Embarking on

Mobile Communications systems

for 2020 and beyond

Copyright 2016 FUJITSU LIMITED

Contents

1

1. Role of 5G, demanded features to the system

2. Phased approach and candidate features

3. Enabling technologies

Ultra High-Density Distributed Smart Antenna Systems

mmWave beamforming

Space-division full duplexSDFD

4. Conclusion


5G role: Bridging Digital World and Physical World

Copyright 2016 FUJITSU LIMITED2

Sensing Navigation

Disaster

Prediction

Autonomous

Driving Smart Citizen

Services

Shared

Experience

Transport massive

information

Real-time feedback

5G ICT creates new knowledge and supports activity of humans and machines

in real time, by analyzing large amounts of data in physical world.

Advanced analysis

technique

Secure, Stable, Efficient connectivity

5G

Demanded Features for 5G Networks

Business expansion capability Create new values and business models based on 5G network

IoT is one of the promising targets

Should be an evolving system with timely incorporation of new

service/use-case requirements

Improved user/application QoE Always sufficient quality of user experience (immersive

experience)

Always sufficient quality for various applications (IoT, V2X, etc.)

Provision of consistent E2E QoE, Ubiquitous coverage

Higher scalability/adaptability and efficiency Efficient use of radio resource and energy

Low cost (UE, CAPEX/OPEX)

Flexibility to match the requirements of different use-cases

Based on cloud-based virtualized network

3 Copyright 2016 FUJITSU LIMITED

5G RAT and LTE Evolution


5G Phase-1 (To be deployed in 2020)

New RAT (up to 30GHz)

Mainly for eMBB

Massive MTC, Ultra reliable MTC

E2E latency reduction

Flexible TDD

Enhancements for UDN

5G Phase-2 (To be deployed in 2022~2023)

Extension of BW using new spectrum above

6GHz (New RAT up to 100GHz, BF/MIMO)

Support of full-duplex operation

(mmWave) wireless back/fronthaul

Forward/

Backward

compatibility

Technologies for LTE evolution can also be

used also for 5G new RAT. So, the above

classification may not be strictly followed.

4

LTE Evolution

eMBB

eLAA for 5GHz unlicensed

Flexible duplex (FDD)

WiGig aggregation

MUST

Latency reduction, V2X,

LTE Evolution continues

Tight interworking

Candidate Features Targeting Phase 1


Extension of BW using existing spectrum (assigned by WRC15) New RAT for bands up to 30GHz

Not required to be backwards compatible with LTE Multi-RAT combinations (e.g. CA, DC) with:

LTE, LTE-A eLAA: DL+UL, additional frequency bands eLWI: WiFi /WiGig integration

Flexible TDD Adapt to diverse traffic in 5G era via universal TDD frame structure

Ultra Dense Network (UDN) UDN / Large-scale CoMP (Indoor/Outdoor)

Measurement/feedback enhancements for interference control

New features E2E Latency reduction

Connected mode: Short TTI, Optimization (PDCP) for TCP/HTTP, eLIPA/eSIPTO

Idle mode: Fast idle-active transitions Support of massive numbers of MTC devices (mMTC) Ultra-reliable and critical communications (uMTC)

(e.g. 4400-4900MHz)

5

Spectrum Extension Scenario for MBB


New RATLAA/

WLAN

WiGig

(for indoor)

eLWI

New RAT

(Def by WRC15

+ Current IMT bands)

WiGig

(for indoor)

CA/DC/LWI

eLWI

LTE

LAA(DL only)/

WLAN

CA/LWI

CA/DC

New RAT

Phase 2

CA/DCCA/DC/LWI

CA/DC

Rel.13

5G Phase 1

5G Phase 2

f

f

f

CA/DC

LTE

CA/DC

LTE

CA/DC

MBB: Mobile broadband, CA: Carrier aggregation, DC: Dual connectivity, LWI: LTE-WLAN integration

(Def by WRC19)

Up to 20Gbps peak rate

OFDM-based with flexible numerology

1ms latency

* Standalone operation of 5G RAT should also be supported

5GHz(Unlicensed)

60GHz(Unlicensed)

5GHz(Unlicensed)

60GHz(Unlicensed)

5GHz(Unlicensed)

(Def by WRC15

+ Current IMT bands)

LAA/

WLAN

6

Phase 1 New RAT Design (1/2)


Supporting various traffic requirements on the same carrier,

considering available spectrum, channel conditions and service types

eMBB, mMTC and uMTC

Urban Macro, Urban Micro, Indoor Hotspot, etc.

Support dynamic/semi-static combination of new and existing

spectrally efficient waveforms based on OFDM (e.g. FBMC) with

flexible numerology in the same subframe

7

f

MAC scheduling

CN slices

t

Low latencyeMBBCoverage

Dynamic configuration

Frame structure

Numerology

Waveform

e.g. 0.2ms

Phase 1 New RAT Design (2/2)


PHY/MAC parameters to be optimized for 100 MHz or higher carrier

bandwidth

Mainly for spectrum newly assigned by WRC15 (6GHz) targeting for phase 2 will

focus only on eMBB feature Can be designed separately

8

Ultra Dense Network (UDN)


Fronthaul Network

Dynamic virtual cell configuration

Dense deployment of small cells improves bps/Hz/m2

Increased inter-cell interference limits the area throughput Increased requirements (bandwidth, scalability, cost) for

backhaul/fronthaul networks

Dynamic virtual cell configuration based on traffic distribution UE-centric virtual cell configuration via large scale cooperation

among distributed small cells for interference control Excessive lean carrier design should be considered

Enhancement of backhaul/fronthaulnetwork Low cost deployments of high capacity

network supporting a large number of cellsand antenna ports (e.g. massive MIMO)

BBU/GW

9

Fronthaul/Backhaul Network for UDN


Requirements Large capacity

CPRI: 100MHz BW, 64 antenna port 300Gbps@cell

Low cost (e.g. use of TDM-PON) High energy efficiency Open interface

Flexible backhaul/fronthaul network ex. EU 5G-PPP Xhaul project

Statistical multiplexing / Dynamic resource allocationconsidering actual traffic of cells

Reconfigurable MP-to-MP, Packet-based FH/BH integration Support of different functional splits between BBU and RRH Support of multiple transport technologies (Optical, mmWave, DSL) Flexibility / Reconfiguability (Software defined)

Study RAN specification impacts Interface of functional split should be defined (Standardization required)

10

PDCP/RLC

Upper MAC

Lower MAC

Upper PHY

Lower PHY

RFCPRI

Split PHY

MAC-PHY

Split MAC

RLC-MAC

[Split]

Tra

ffic

Candidate Features Targeting Phase 2


Stand alone operation for the New RAT If not included in Phase 1

Extension of BW using new spectrum New RAT features and optimizations for bands up to 100GHz

(assigned in WRC19) Cost-effective use of mmWave radio channels DC, CA, Multi-RAT combinations Beamforming Massive MIMO

Evolution of duplex scheme Support of (quasi-)full-duplex operation

Design of flexible TDD (Phase1) should take into account this feature for forward compatibility

Coexistence of non-full-duplex and full-duplex operation

11

Operation of New RAT above 6GHz


Channel susceptible to shadowing, large penetration loss Beamforming gain and diversity to compensate the large path loss

Potentially high device cost/complexity and power consumption Limited mobility and cell/beam discovery/tracking

Features for above 6GHz (up to 100GHz)

~2GHz BW Support of multiple radio interface parameters for future proofing and

optimization for different scenarios (e.g. Indoor/outdoor, frequency bands, fronthaul/backhaul applications)

Beam-space multiplexing of multiple TX signals Analog/digital hybrid beamforming

Low power consumption & cost One analog beam serves multiple UEs

Beam-space + site diversity to compensate shadowing

New RAT New RAT+

f

LTE

(Def by WRC19)

Dual connectivity SCell (First priority)

Standalone operation should also be supported

12

Evolution of Duplex Schemes


DL Layer

UL Layer

Space Division (Full) Duplex

In-band Full Duplex

5G Phase 1:

Flexible TDD

Same frequency

2x duplexing gain

Multi-level self-interference cancellation

(Antenna, RF, Digital) required 2x duplexing gain

Relaxed TP to RP interference suppression requirement

due to the larger coupling loss b/w TP and RP

Tight coordination

Technologies TP/RP separation

TP to RP interference suppression

Flexible DL-UL ratio

LTE-A:

Dynamic TDD (eIMTA)

13

5G Phase 2:

Full Duplex

LTE-further evolution:

Flexible Duplex (FDD)


Enabling technologies




BS-BS distance < 100m

Outdoor: several 10m,

Indoor: Several meters)

Propagation characteristics

Line of sight propagations

Stable and high quality communications

Higher inter-cell interference

Utilizing inter BS coordinated transmission at cell edge areas


Inter cell coordinated beam forming

Combination of distributed and concentrated antenna deployment

Inter BS distance

Inter BSdistance

[m]

# of BSs[BSs/km2]

500 5

200 29

100 116

50 462

35 943

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 100 200 300

[%]

- [m]

Urban Micro (UMi) Model

(3GPP TR36.814)


Pro

bof

LO

S [

%]

BS-UE distance


Dynamic Virtual Cell Control

With cooperative control of distributed antennas,

virtual cells are formed. Dynamic switching of virtual

cells creates a smooth communications environment.

RRH

SINR

SINR

Ultra High-Density Distributed

Smart Antenna Systems Dynamic Virtual Cell Control (Sample)

Centralized controller

C-RAN: Centralized-Radio Access Network RRH: Remote Radio Head


Distributed Smart Antennas

Flexible BS configurations

High antenna gain with beam forming using clustered antennas.

Flexible BS configurations allow flexible beam forming

design with proper number of BSs depending on

deployment scenarios.

Clustered BS units

Cope with obstacles (Humanbodies, trees, buildings) with distributed antennas.

Distributed BS units(RRH)


Beam pattern of Distributed Smart Antennas

3 unit configuration(mock-up)

Antenna testing system(Microwave darkroom)

6 unit configuration with 12 elements

3 unit configuration with 6 elements

Single unit, single element configuration

15

[dBi]

10

5

0

V-polarized wave

Max 15dBi


V-polarized wave

Max 12dBi

V-polarized wave

Max 4.2dBi

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0 100 200 300 400 500

[Gb

ps/

km2]

[Cell/km2]

1

2

4

8

Inter Cell Coordinated Beam Forming (CB)

Area capacity improvement

Cell density[Cell/km2]

Area capacity[Gbps/km2]

100(Non-CB) 2.14

500(CB) 10.20



100(Non-CB) 2.37

500(CB) 12.31x5.2



100(Non-CB) 2.66

500(CB) 13.98

x4.8

x5.3

CB with number of cells and antennas gives improved cell capacity as per (or more) cell density

increase

CB(7)Non-CB

2 TX antenna

4 TX antenna

8 TX antenna5

3.6


Cell density [Cell/km2]

Are

a c

apacity [

Gbps/k

m2]

1 TX antenna case

2 TX antenna case

4 TX antenna case

8 TX antenna case

Solid: CB (7 cells)Dashed: Non-CB

x5

X3.6

(2) mmWave beamforming



Multi user communication using millimeter wave multi-beam antenna


Parameter ValueFrequency 60.48GHzData rate

(Max)12Gbps

(3Gbps4)Bandwidth 1.2 GHzModulation QPSK, 16QAM

FFT size 512# of sub-carriers

480

FEC Viterbi

Coding rate 1/2, 3/4

4-user multiplex with 4 multi-beam, 20 beam span in 60GHz band (3Gbps4=12Gbps

25mm

25m

m

Multi-beamantenna

Millimeter RF TXModule

Base station

UE (Rx)

Antennasub-array

1/5

Reference antenna

Reduced side-lobe ant.

Weighted power delivery reduces

side-lobes of antenna array

by factor of one fifth

4 stream transmission with marrow

span antenna beams


-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2After Phase Trucking of Data(RxFFT LOG)

Ich

Qch

5 10 15 20 250

5

10

15

20

25

30SIR (dB)

Relative angle (degree)

EVM: 14.1%

-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5


Ich

Qch

EVM: 16.5%

-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5


Ich

Qch

EVM: 43.3%

-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5


Ich

Qch

3Gbps4=12Gbps

SIR

(d

B)

Relative angle=10 Relative angle=15 Relative angle=20

Reduced side-lobe antenna array improves

inter-beam interference and enables to form

narrow span antenna beams.

Minimum configuration of RF chain including A/D, D/A Achieving reduced power consumption by hybrid beam

forming consist of two stage (analogue and digital) phase control.

Full Digital BF

DAC

~LO

DAC

Data

Data

DAC

DACDigital

BF

Hybrid BF

DACDigital

BF

~LO

DAC

Data

Data

Analog BF

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Full Digital Hybrid

RF

D/A, A/D

BB

RF

D/A, A/D

BB

1/16

Hybrid beam forming with reduced power consumption


Data rate 50Gbps

# of elements128

168

# of ant. beams 8

Re

lative

po

we

r co

nsu

mp

tio

n

(3) Space Division Full-Duplex (SDFD)



Duplex Technologies for Unpaired Band


User1

User2

Downlink slot

Uplink slot

Frequency 1

User1

User2

Frequency 1 (downlink)

Frequency 1 (uplink)

TX

RX

Interference

TDD (Time

division duplex)

Ideally 100% capacity gain:

same frequency for two

users

One full-duplex BS: two co-

located antennas (TX

antenna and RX antenna)

result in severe interference,

which needs complex

interference cancellation

techniques

Ideally 100% capacity gain:

same frequency for two

users

Two separated half-duplex

BSs: the interference

between two BSs is reduced

largely, so that the

interference cancellation

technique can be very

simple

User1

User2

Frequency 1 (downlink)

Frequency 1 (uplink)

BS1

BS2

InterferenceStrength

RX signal

Interference Strength

RX signal

Interference

25

Half-duplex Full-duplexSpace division

full-duplex

Space Division Full-Duplex (SDFD)

Common radio resource (Time, Frequency) for UL and DL of different UEs, with

corresponding BSs (Macro cells or Small cells) set at different points.

Interference mitigation/reduction method without sophisticated analogue process can

be applied in receiving points.

MBSSBS interference reduction Beam forming, BS TPC, RxSBSinterference reduction

Inter UE interference: Selecting proper pair of UEs, UE TPC


MBS

SBS

UE2UE1

Inter-BS

interference

DL

signalUL

signal

Inter-UE

interference

Time

DL#1 DL#2 DL#1 DL#2

UL#1UL#2 UL#1UL#2

UE1: DL, UE2: UL

MBS

SBS

UE2UE1

Inter-BS

interference

DL

signal

UL

signal

Inter-UE

interference

26

UE1: UL, UE2: DL

MBS

SBS

Same resource

Conclusion


Conclusion


1. Role of 5G, demanded features to the system

Bridging Digital World and Physical World

in secure, stable and efficient manner

2. Phased approach and candidate features

Phase 1: Flexible radio interface specification

May meet a sub set of 5G requirements

Forwards compatibility to Phase 2 and beyond

Phase 2: Extended frequency bands above 6GHz

Has to meet all ITU-R IMT-2020 requirements

Backwards compatibility to Phase 1

3. Enabling technologies


mmWave beamforming

Space-division full duplexSDFD

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