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Chapter 1INTRODUCTION

In today's competitive economy, entrepreneurial development has gained a significant importance all over the world because it leads to the path of economic development. Generally in our society, the business concerns are normally conducted by men by a nominal human resource ratio. If women entrepreneurs are encouraged in the field, a lot greater ratio of workforce would be engaged in different jobs. Another important aspect of this study would be to highlight the concept of economic independence of our women and how can they help in bringing economic prosperity.

DEFINITION OF WOMEN ENTERPRENEURSHIP"A women entrepreneur can be defined as a confident, innovative and creative woman capable of achieving self economic independence, individually or in collaboration, generates employment opportunities for others through initiating, establishing and running the enterprise by keeping pace in personal family and social life." (Kamal Singh)

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY1. The first objective of our research study is to divert the attention of talented women of our city towards the available opportunities to become a successful entrepreneur.

2. Another important objective is to identify the businesses that are most suitable for women.

3. Finally, another major objective is to find and highlight the major problems/hurdles in the way of women who want to start an independent business in the city.

4. To help in finding the remedies or solutions for the removal of those hurdle

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUYThe research study that we have been assigned has certain limitations, that we may face during the research study. They are as follows,

1. Limited TimeSo far as the research aspect is concerned, that usually takes long time having new concepts to be dealt with and we have a very limited time frame.

2. Limited Area:Another limitation that we could face during our study is limited area for research. We are limited to a restricted geographical area for this study. For instance; we could distribute the questionnaire only to our family, friends, and neighbors. In order to conduct such a comprehensive study this limited data would be insufficient.

3. Limited Guidance and Lack of Cooperation:Since this is for the very first time that we are conducting a comprehensive study, therefore professional assistance and guidance is very important for us in order to complete the study successfully. We can seek guidance from our teachers and parents who might not give us much time due to their busy schedules. We could be facing difficulties due to lack of cooperation by entrepreneurs and professionals of our city while gathering the data.

Chapter 2RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

TYPE OF RESEARCHThe type of this research is descriptive. The major purpose of descriptive research, as the term implies, is to describe characteristics of population or phenomenon. Descriptive research seeks to determine the answers to what, who, when, where, and how question. Descriptive research often helps segment and target population. Accuracy is of paramount importance in descriptive research. Although errors cannot be completely eliminated, good researchers strives for descriptive precision. Descriptive studies are based on some previous understanding of the nature of the research problem.

RESEARCH DESIGNA research design is a master plan specifies the method and procedures for collecting and analyzing the needed information. It includes sources of information, the research method or technique, the sampling methodology, and schedule and the cost of research. All the details are mentioned below.

TARGET POPULATIONTarget population is the complete group of specific population elements relevant to the research project. Our research project is "Women Entrepreneurships" so most relevant elements or objects that possess the information sought by the research are women and those institutes that promote women entrepreneurships.The following information clearly specify the elements (people) come under target population

All middle class women and men. Specifically fresh degree holders and graduates who are finding jobs and households women. The age of women is raging from 24 to 40. The institutes includes in target population are Banks, Educational institutes, NGOs and other related institutes that promotes women entrepreneurships.

SAMPLING UNITThe sampling unit is a single element or a group of elements subject to selection in the sample. The elements (people) who are eligible for this research must have few of the following characteristics:

Related to middle class. Live in above specified geographic area. Adult and mature men and women age ranging from 24 to 40. Household women who are willing and able to start their own business. Male and female employees of the above mentioned institutes specifically related to loan department.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUEI will go for judgmental sampling technique. Judgmental sampling is a non probability sampling technique in which an experienced individual selects the sample based upon some appropriate characteristics of sample members. I choose judgmental sampling technique because all the characteristics of sample member are known and specified in this research project.The main advantages of judgmental sampling id that it is useful for certain types of forecasting and sample guaranteed to meet a specific objective. The main disadvantages of judgmental sampling is bias due to experts beliefs may make sample unrepresentative and project data is beyond sample is inappropriate.

SAMPLE SIZESample size refers to the number of elements to be included in the study. The sample size of this research is 50. The sample size can be categories as under

Sample Size of the studyCategorySub CategoryTotal

GenderMaleFemale50

1634

Marital StatusSingleMarried50

3119

QualificationGraduatesMastersBelow Graduation50

22262

OccupationStudentSalariedBusiness OwnersHouse Hold50

152464

RESEARCH TOOL Self administrative questionnaires are used as research tool for the collection of data. Self administrative questionnaires are those questionnaires that are filled in by the respondents. In personal interview the interviewer ask question from questionnaires and records the answer of respondents. 16 questions are included in questionnaire out of 16; 3 are open ended and 13 are closed ended.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTIONData collection method is describing the way through which the data has been collected. There are four basic research methods (data collection methods) for descriptive and causal research: surveys, experiments, secondary data studies, and observation. Out of these four 2 are selected for collecting data. Secondary data studies selected for literature review and survey for primary data collection from respondents. Survey is a research technique in which information is gathered from a sample of people by use for questionnaire or interview; a method of data collection based on communication with representative sample of individuals. The media use to communicate with respondents are human interactive media and non-interactive media. In human interactive media personal interview are selected for those respondents who face difficulty in filling the questionnaire while in non-interactive media printed.

Chapter 3DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 WOMEN AS ENTREPRENEURS The entrepreneurial success strategies are not different for women or men and women do have traits that help them in starting and running a business. After all, most successful entrepreneurs have a few things in common such as courage, vision, intuition and persistence. Besides these facts still people make difference in men and women as an entrepreneur. The following question is design to collect the opinion regarding women abilities of being an entrepreneur.

Q.1: Do women have the potential of being a successful entrepreneur? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

The result of this question is summarized as follow

Women as EntrepreneursResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability

Strongly Agree2142%0.42

Agree2652%0.52

Dont Know24%0.04

Disagree12%0.02

Strongly Disagree00%0.00

Total50100%1.00

(Source: own research study)


Out of 50 respondents, 42% are strongly agreed, 52% agree, 4% dont know, 2% disagree, and 0% strongly disagree that women have the potential of being a successful entrepreneur. The opinion of the respondents shows positives results because collectively 94% people agree that women have potential of being a successful entrepreneurs.

Collectively the ratio of disagree and strongly disagree is only 2% so it proves that women have potential and they can start and run the business smoothly. Lack of confidence on one owns abilities are most common hurdle which most of women face. The above shows that most of the respondents believe on women abilities as successful entrepreneur.

4.2 MENS ROLE IN WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP In women life men play different roles is shape of father, brother, husband, uncle, cousins and others. These all relation in our society wants to secure women from external environment forces and fulfill all the needs of women, this show positive role of men for women but our society norms and cultural values allows the economics activities for men only. The tradition of male honor associated with the chastity of their female relations restricts womens mobility, limits social interaction and imposes a check on their economic activity. The social, cultural and traditional taboos on women allow men to carve legitimacy for themselves in public affairs, as well as in the sphere of production and related economic activity. This following question is design to collect the opinion of people regarding men role in women entrepreneurship.

Q.2: Mens (EGO / esteem) self respect is the main hurdle in the path of women entrepreneurships? (Men don't want women to be independent) Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly DisagreeThe result of this question is summarized as follow Mens (Ego /Esteem) Is Main Hurdle in Path of Women EntrepreneurshipsResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability


Agree2652%0.52

Dont Know24%0.04

Disagree1122%0.22


Total50100%1.00



Out of 50 respondents, 18% are strongly agreed, 52% agree, 4% dont know, 22% disagree, and 4% strongly disagree that Mens (EGO / esteem) self respect is the main hurdle in the path of women entrepreneurships. The opinion of the respondents shows mens negative role in women entrepreneurships collectively 70% people agree that men are main hurdle because men restrict women to perform economic activities as they perceive women only as dependent member of the family.

In above result the ratios of disagree is also not ignorable out of 100%, 22% disagree and 4 strongly disagree so collectively 26% respondents believes that mens self respect is not main hurdle for women to be successful entrepreneurs. These results show that men are not only the hurdle there are other factors/forces too and all mans are not hurdle might be possible few who are not aware about the importance of women entrepreneurship.

4.3 OBJECTIVES OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIPWhy women entrepreneurs increasing day by day? What are the objectives of women to become entrepreneurs? There are several other questions regarding the reasons and forces that influence women to become entrepreneurs.Some people perceive that most of the women start new business to keep themselves busy; some suggest that they have excess resources to utilize or invest in businesses; some believes that women want to expose their abilities in shape of successful entrepreneur. Most of women want to be independent and earn for themselves only. Many people believe that the most common reason for women to become entrepreneur is to support their families. Because now days expenses are increasing very rapidly so women comes forward to support and share expenses. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents regarding women objectives to become entrepreneur.

Q.3: Women entrepreneurship is the result of Career development Status Economic independence To support familyThe result of this question is summarized as follow

Objectives Of Women EntrepreneurshipResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability

Career Development1224%0.24

Status510%0.10

Economic Independence1326%0.26

To Support Family2040%0.40

Total50100%1.00



out of 50 respondents; 24% respondents believes that women become entrepreneurs for their career development, 10% believes that women start and run businesses to achieve and maintain status in the society, 26% believes that women want to be economically independent they earn for themselves and 40% believe that women come forward as an entrepreneur to support their families.

40% respondents believe that the main reason of women to become entrepreneur is to support their families; this opinion of the respondent gets highest percentage among all other option. The major reason of this opinion can be increasing inflation not only in India in all over the world. 26% respondents shows economic independents as the major reason for women to become entrepreneur because most of women want to be independent and they dont want to relay on other in any sense. 24% women start business for their career development. After completing education women want to utilize their skills, abilities and expertise to prove them as successful entrepreneur. Only 10% respondents believe that women want to achieve and maintain status these sort of women either have sufficient resources to keep them busy along with status or want fame.

4.4 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIPIn any country government is the main authority to establish strategies for their country to achieve economic growth and increase standard of living. Women entrepreneurs in the developing world make a large and often unrecognized contribution to their countries' economic development. They employ other people, provide valuable services, and play a vital role in the development of emerging market economies worldwide.Over the past few decades, women have emerged as active participants in economic growth anddevelopment. In some Asian countries where women have held important leadership positions insociety, a pool of women executives and entrepreneurs exists who have played a significant role notonly in contributing to economic growth but also in upgrading the social status of women in general.

By keeping all these advantages of women entrepreneurship government should support women entrepreneurship to achieve and maintain steady economic growth. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents regarding the necessity of governmental support for women entrepreneurship.

Q.4: Women entrepreneurship should be supported by the Government as an important part in an economic growth? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly DisagreeThe result of this question is summarized as follow Women Entrepreneurship Should be Supported By GovernmentResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability


Agree1632%0.32

Dont Know00%0.00

Disagree00%0.00


Total50100%1.00


(Source: own research study)Out of 50 respondents; 68% strongly agree, 32% agree, 0% dont know, 0% disagree and 0% strongly disagree. These result show that there is highly need of governmental support. Collectively 100% respondents agree that there should be supportive action from government side. 0% disagree show all the respondents agree. 0% respondents dont its mean there is no respondent who dont know about the necessity of governmental support.

The governmental support can be in any shape like by providing financial support / small loans on easy terms and conditions, increasing literacy rate so women learn and exercise their skill and abilities and arranging different workshops and training programs for the awareness of women about businesses.

4.5 EFFECTS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON FAMILIESThe role women as entrepreneurs highly effect on the families and there is state of conflict between the entrepreneur role and other roles like life, mother etc. Mostly people perceive that the women being entrepreneurs affect their roles in family life negatively, while positively affecting their roles in social, economical and individual life and they suffered from conflicts between the entrepreneur role and other roles in family and that the role of entrepreneur mostly conflicted with the roles of housewife, mother, and wife, respectively. The reproductive role limits women to the home, where they bear children and raise the family, playing only an auxiliary part in production activity. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondent regarding effect of women entrepreneurship on families because mostly people perceive that women entrepreneur neglect their families because they spend more time in business activities.

Q.5: Can women entrepreneurship become a cause of family disturbances, as women spend more time in business? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly DisagreeThe result of this question is summarized as follow Women Entrepreneur Become A Cause Of Family DisturbancesResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability


Agree2448%0.48

Dont Know714%0.14

Disagree1428%0.28


Total50100%1.00



out of 50 respondents; 10% respondents strongly agree, 48% agree, 14 dont know, 28% disagree and 0% strongly disagree that women entrepreneurship become a cause of family disturbances, as women spend more time in business.

Collectively 58% respondents agree that women entrepreneurship is cause of family disturbance because mostly people perceive that women is responsible for the care of their children, husband and others so definitely when women busy in their own businesses there is possibility that they would not perform all families duties. 28% respondents disagree that women entrepreneur become cause of family disturbances because business women are not bound like employees they are the owner and they can made schedule according to their convenience.

4.6 WOMEN WORK LIFE BALANCEWork life balance means giving equal time and attention to work and life. Women entrepreneur life includes their families, work and personal growth and development. It was found that the most important factors causing stress due to business and family life were insufficient demand in the market, excessive expectations of family members and physical fatigueThe responsibilities of women toward their families are higher than men. Because men only responsible to fulfill economic need but women requires spending proper time with their families, cares and fulfill all the needs of children, husbands and others. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents regarding women abilities of work life balance or you can say women can maintain balance between their work and life.

Q.6: Can women maintain a balance between personal and professional life? Yes No Don't know


Can Women Maintain Balance Between Professional And Personal LifeResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability

Yes3978%0.78

No1020%0.20

Dont Know12%0.02

Total50100%1.00


Out of 50; respondents 78% respondents agrees and 20% disagree and 2% dont know that women have potential to maintain balance between professional and personal life. The ratio of agree respondents are higher so its shows that women can manage their families, business and also develop herself.

4.7 ROLE OF SOCIETY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The business environment for women in India reflects the complex interplay of many factors like social, cultural, traditional and religious elements. This aspect of the environment has taken shape over many centuries; it is anchored in the patriarchal system and clearly manifested in the lower status of women. The gender bias of this type of system is rigid and deep-rooted as it draws legitimacy from the perpetuation of a traditional mind-set, established rituals and a firm belief system.

India is an Hindu country and in the history of Islam many successful women entrepreneur were found. Islam always promotes women in all fields but the culture of India does not follow Islam fully. The norms, values of Indiai culture is same as many countries in Asia these norms, values, and rules of culture restrict women to perform any economic activity. But these thoughts change with the passage of time. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents regarding influence of society and culture on women entrepreneurship.

Q.7: Would our society/ business community ever accept women as successful entrepreneurs? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

The result of this question is summarized as follow Society Ever Accept Women EntrepreneurshipResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability


Agree2142%0.42

Dont Know1224%0.24

Disagree1020%0.20


Total50100%1.00


Out of 50 respondents 8% respondents are strongly agree, 42% agree, 24%dont know, 20% disagree and 6% strongly disagree that our society would ever accept women as successful entrepreneurs.

Collectively the percentage of agree respondents are 50% its men half of respondents believes that our society accept women as entrepreneur the reason can be the existence of successful entrepreneur increase rapidly. Indiai people heavily impressed and influenced by their neighbor countries like china, India, and Bangladesh where women successfully manage their business and contributes in economic growth of their country. This can be the one of the reason of changing thought of our society.

Collectively 26% respondents disagree that our society would ever accept women as entrepreneur because its very difficult to change the thought of full nation it require time and it might be possible in future years thought of nation change completely because awareness and literacy can change the whole society.

4.8 WOMEN EARNING CAPACITYMany people perceive that women can start business but they are unable to support there families fully. Women entrepreneur many time represent as supporter of their husband, father etc .Most of women start business for their status, economic independence, and career development these all objectives are focusing the need of single person beside these objective to support families are much difficult and responsible job. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents regarding women earning capacity either women support their families likes men or not.Q.8: Can women support their families financially like men? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

The result of this question is summarized as follow Women Support Their Families Financially Like MenResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability


Agree1938%0.38

Dont Know00%0.00

Disagree816%0.16


Total50100%1.00


(Source: own research study)Out of 50 respondents 44% respondents are strongly agree, 38% agree, 0%dont know, 16% disagree and 2% strongly disagree that women support their families financially like men.

Collectively 88% respondents agree that women have potential to support their families financially like men. Business earning is mostly higher than earning from employment so definitely business women can fulfill the need of their families like men. On the other hand 18% respondents disagree that women can support their families like men the reason can be that men earn from different sources and especially in our society only few business fields is open for women so definitely men haves more business opportunities.

4.9 IMPORTANCE OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Education is necessary for all men and women. Literate people are important assets of any country. Weather women start business or not but education is necessary for their own development. Professional education means masters in specified field. If any person weather man or woman is not specialized in his/her field in which he/she performing so there is more chances of errors and loss. Professional education is very necessary for women because it polish their skills and decrease chances of errors and loss. If a woman specialized in her field so definitely she performs more efficiently than other. Besides these advantages of professional education still there are certain people who believe that business can be run efficiently without having professional education in specified field.The following question is design to know the opinion of people regarding necessity of professional education for the development of women entrepreneurship

Q.9: Do you think that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur to have better results in respective field? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

The result of this question is summarized as follow Necessity Of Professional Education For Women EntrepreneurResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability


Agree1428%0.28

Dont Know00%0.00

Disagree00%0.00


Total50100%1.00


Out of 50 respondents 72% respondents are strongly agree, 28% agree, 0%dont know, 0% disagree and 0% strongly disagree that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur to have better results in respective field.Collectively 100% respondents agree that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur. It shows that women must have to start those businesses in which they have expertise and these expertises are the result of professional education. On the other hand 0% respondents disagree, and 0% dont know that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur to have better result in respective field, this show that all the respondents are agree and aware about the importance of professional education of better result.

4.10 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIPTraining is the process of teaching people the basic skills they need to perform their jobs or work. There are basically three type of skills requires to perform business activities. First is technical skill second human or interpersonal skill and third conceptual skill. This research focusing technical skill, technical skill encompass the ability to apply specialized knowledge like if any women start a garments business so she must know about all the details (stitching, tailoring, designing, dying etc) regarding garments business. In under developing countries its difficult to learn all these skills from personal resources so government must organize different training program free of cost where women can learn and apply these expertise. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents whether these types of programs arrange by government or not for the development of women entrepreneur.

Q.10: Would you suggest that extensive vocational / technical training for women entrepreneur extended by the Government. Yes No Don't know

The result of this question is summarized as follow Necessity of Training Program for Women Entrepreneur Extended By GovernmentResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability

Yes4692%0.92

No12%0.02

Dont Know36%0.06

Total50100%1.00



Out of 50 respondents; 92% respondents agree, 2% disagree and 6% dont know that extensive vocational / technical training for women entrepreneur should extended by the Government.

The above result shows that government should organize different training program for women because these programs help women to learn new skills, expertise and upgrade them according to today business requirement. When these trained women start business so the chance of loss, error and failure decreases.

4.11 LEGAL ISSUES AND PROBLEMS Many people perceive that women perform all activities like men. But in India and other Asian countries women faces difficulties from external environment among these difficulties legal issues and problem are discuss in this research. The following question is design to collect the opinion of respondents regarding women abilities to handle legal problems.

Q.11: Do you think that women can handle all the legal business procedure (court procedures)? Yes No Don't know


Women Can handle Legal ProceduresResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability

Yes2958%0.58

No1836%0.36

Dont Know36%0.06

Total50100%1.00


(Source: own research study)Out of 50 respondents; 58% respondents agree, 36% disagree and 6% dont know that women can handle all the legal business procedure (court procedures). 58% respondents agree that women can handle all legal problems because when women entrepreneur come in market in front of men so definitely they have potential to tackle all these issues. While on other hand 36% respondents believes that women are unable to handle legal issues like men. The reason can be that women avoid court procedures and most of the time takes help from their family gents member.

4.12 LEGAL RELIEF FOR WOMENMost of the people believe that women cant handle legal issues like men. While on other side people believe that women can handle all the issues weather legal or any other. So the following question is design to collect opinion from respondents regarding the necessity of legal for women.

Q.12: Is it necessary to give legal relief to women entrepreneur during their legal business requirement and problems. Yes No Don't knowThe result of this question is summarized as follow

Legal Relief For WomenResponses FrequencyPercentagesProbability

Yes4488%0.88

No24%0.04

Dont Know48%0.08

Total50100%1.00


(Source: own research study)Out of 50 respondents; 88% respondents agree, 4% disagree and 8% dont know that it is necessary to give legal relief to women entrepreneur during their legal business requirement and problems.

Out of 100%, 88% shows that large number of respondents agrees to provide legal relief to women entrepreneur the reason of respondents can be environment of court system. Most of people believe that it difficult for women to handle all legal activities like business registration, dealing any sue and others legal problems.4% respondents disagree to provide legal relief to women because they believe that if women want to work like men and require equal opportunities so the legal implication for both is same.

4.13 WOMEN BUSINESS ABILITIES Business is consist of different activities such as financing, marketing, HRM and management. Financing means planning, acquiring and utilization of resources to achieve business goals. Marketing simply means understand the need of people and design products of fulfill these need. Management is an art to get work done from others and HRM means managing worker or human resource of an organization. Now days these all activities in an organization are perform by different people. But small businesses owners perform all these activities by themselves. Women when start their business for the very first time as small business. The following question is designed to collect the opinion of respondents regarding women abilities in different business activities.

Q.13: Rate women performance in following business activities (Excellent, Good, fair and Poor) Financing activities ______ Marketing activities ______ Management activities ______ Human resources management ______The result of this question is summarized as follow Women Abilities In BusinessResponsesExcellentGoodFairPoorTotal

F%PF%PrF%PrF%PrF%Pr

Financing Activities14280.2824480.4810200.2240.04501001

Marketing Activities11220.2221420.4214280.28480.08501001

Management Activities21420.4218360.3610200.2120.02501001

HRMActivities19380.3820400.46120.125100.1501001


(Source: own research study)Out of 50 respondents; 28% respondents rate women abilities and performance excellent, 48% good, 20% fair and 4% poor in financing activities. This result shows that women are good in financing activities means they are able to arrange and utilize finance to run their businesses successfully.

In marketing activities respondents rate women performance 22% excellent, 42% good, 28% fair and 8% poor. This result shows that women are good in marketing activities means they are able to understands and deal with their customers. But the ratio of poor and fair is higher in marketing activities than financing. It might be possible that many people believe that marketing is not right job for women.

Out of 50 respondents; 42% respondents rate women abilities and performance excellent, 36% good, 20% fair and 2% poor in management activities. This result shows that women are excellent in management activities means they are able to manage their resources, peoples and time. Traditionally people perceive women as good manager because they are managing their children, husband, and house at the same time. It might be possible is the reason that most of respondents rate excellent, good in management activities. The rate of poor is lowest in management activities its proof that women are good manager.

In HRM activities respondents rate women performance 38% excellent, 40% good, 12% fair and 10% poor. This result shows that women are good in HRM activities mean they are able to manage their work force and efficiently utilize their skills to run business successfully. The rate of poor is highest in HRM activities among all activities. 4.14 OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURThere are so many business opportunities available for women. But some people restrict few business opportunities for women. Like for example many people suggest parlor, jewelry and fashion related businesses for women but most of women start these types of business as hobby.

The following question is designed to collect opinion of respondents regarding business opportunities for women. Here business opportunities mean which type of business women easily manage.

This was an open ended question. This question provided option to respondents that if they believe that women can perform all kind of businesses so they just agree with the question or if they feel that women cannot perform all kind of business so they were requested to suggest any business which women can perform easily from their point of view.

Q.14: What kind of businesses would you suggest that women can easily operate or do you think that they have the capabilities of to carry out all kinds of businesses?

The result of this question is summarized as Suggested Business for WomenResponsesFr

Garments 4

Education and training related business school)6

Women cannot do any kind of business2

Beauty Salon 8

Those business which are near to city like commercial area1

Small and medium enterprises5

Those business in which they are only managing not directly involve in it.1

Merchandising 1

Women can do all kind of business23

Fashion related 7

In which they have expertise to run3

Food business2

Home decoration 1

Home industry4

Gym 1

Social work1

Handi craft1

No idea2


(Source: Own Research Study)

23 respondents agree that women can do all kind of businesses. 8 suggest beauty salon, 7 suggested fashion related, 6 suggest those business which are near to their homes or city and other suggested business are show in above graph.

Most of the respondents about 23 believes that women can do all kind of businesses which show that majority to respondent believes on women capabilities as entrepreneurs.

4.15 HURDLES IN THE PATH OF WOMEN TO BE SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURTraditional mindsets, discriminatory laws and social values: these are the things that bind a woman and create hurdles in her path of progress. This is very much the story of the majority of women in our country, even though promises are being made by the rulers to improve the condition ofwomen in general. The following question is designed to ask respondents about the hurdles in the path of women entrepreneurs. This was an open ended question.

Q.15: From your point of view what are the main hurdles in the way of women to be successful entrepreneurs?


Hurdles in the Path of Successful Women EntrepreneurResponsesFrequency

Men (ego/esteem) / Guardian of home10

Society thought, norms, values, culture forces26

Lack of finance5

Time because family requires more time from women2

Lack of family support15

Lack literacy, knowledge and awareness of business6

Government and legislation 2

Sexual harassment 2

Physical capabilities1

Lack of confidence1

Ni idea2



The respondents were allowed to write more than one hurdle, 10 respondents believe that men ego/esteem is the main hurdle in path of successful entrepreneurs, 26 respondents blame society as main hurdle, 5 respondents mention lack of finance as main hurdle, 2 respondents believes that time is main hurdle because families requires more time from women than men, 15 respondents criticize lack of family support as main hurdle, 6 respondents believes that lack of knowledge and business awareness are the main hurdle and other respondents opinion are show in above graph.

Society as main hurdle is pointed out by most of respondents so we can say that our society norms, values and lack of finance are main hurdles in the path of women entrepreneurs.

4.16 SUGGESTION REGARDING REMOVAL OF HURDLESThe following question is connected with previous question in which the research focuses the hurdles in the path of women entrepreneurs. In this question the respondents were requested to suggested solution for the removal of hurdles. This was an open ended question.Q.16: What remedies would you suggest regarding the removal of these hurdles?


Suggestion For Removal Of Hurdles In The Path Of Successful Women EntrepreneurResponsesFrequency

Awareness of men7

Institutes provides loans on easy terms and conditions (SMEDA)2

Government provides fund, tax relief and arrange training program for Women entrepreneurs 11

To save time women perform those businesses in which business continue in absence of women too.1

Society awareness toward women entrepreneurship through programs organize by government9

Increase literacy rate and improve education system 14

Women should become self dependent and honest with their work and dont take tension of society thoughts 7

Provides equal opportunities to women in all sectors 3

Family should cooperate and encourage her side by side3

Strict law for removal of sexual harassment2

Correct interpretation of Islam4

No idea1



The respondents were allowed to write more than one suggestion. The suggestion of respondents is show in above graph. Most of the respondents suggest that improve education system and increase literacy rate can be the best possible suggestion for all the hurdles in the path of women entrepreneurs. Because when people (men and society) are literate they understand the importance of women entrepreneurship and might be possible that society and men thought change with awareness of importance of women entrepreneurship.

Governmental support in any shape like by providing training, funds, tax relief and other would also be the best possible suggestion to remove all these hurdles.

Chapter FINDING AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Finding And Discussion This research conducted to find out the different business opportunities available for women, women abilities in performing business activities, effect of women entrepreneurship on others like families etc, objectives of women entrepreneurs to come forward, most frequent hurdles in the path of women and all possible solution to remove these hurdles.

Following are the finding which gathered from this research.

More than 90% people agree that women have potential of being successful entrepreneurs. This shows positive behavior of people toward women entrepreneurship. More than 70% people agree that men are main hurdle because men restrict women to perform economic activities as they perceive women only as dependent member of the family. Career development and family support are main objectives of women.100% respondents agree that there should be supportive action from government side. This supportive action can be in the form of training programs, fund on easy terms and conditions and other relief. More than 50% respondents agree that women entrepreneurship is cause of family disturbance because mostly people perceive that women is responsible for the care of their children, husband and others so definitely when women busy in their own businesses there is possibility that they would not perform all families duties.More than 80% respondents agree that women have potential to support their families financially like men. 100% respondents agree that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur. This shows the highest necessity of education for women. Women are excellent in management activities while good in other activities. Most of people suggest that women can perform all kind of business. Society is main hurdle for women entrepreneurship. Increase literacy rate and improve education system is best possible solution.

5.2 ConclusionThe basic purpose of this study is to find out the opportunities, hurdles thats comes in path of women entrepreneurs and suggestion for the removal of these hurdles. After conducting this research many misconception clears because the opinion of people change now. The opinion is collected from a sample of people. Both male female are requested to represents their opinions. More than 80% respondents accept women as entrepreneurs appreciate abilities of women and suggest that women can perform all kind of business. These opinions introduce a new concept of women. Society, men (ego/esteem) and low level of literacy found as most probable hurdles in path of women entrepreneurs.

5.3 RecommendationsAfter conducting this research different hurdles were found. These hurdles can be broadly classified as restriction and resources. Here restriction means that men (ego/esteem), society thoughts and family responsibilities restrict women form performance of any economic activities. The best solution found for all these restrictions related hurdles are improved education system and increase literacy rate because when people become literate so they can understand the importance of women entrepreneurships. The second hurdle category is resources. Because of lack of financial resources, personal expertise as human resources and awareness of business most of women face failure in their business. The best solution found to remove this hurdle is introduction of training program by the government for the development of women entrepreneurship. Government and other institution should provide small and medium loan on easy terms and conditions so that women can start and run businesses.

QUESTIONNAIRE

Q.1: Do women have the potential of being a successful entrepreneur? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.2: Mens (EGO / esteem) self respect is the main hurdle in the path of women entrepreneurship? (Men don't want women to be independent) Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.3: Women entrepreneurship is the result of Career development Status Economic independence To support family

Q.4: Women entrepreneurship should be supported by the Government as an important part in an economic growth? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.5: Can women entrepreneurship become a cause of family disturbances, as women spend more time in business? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.6: Can women maintain a balance between personal and professional life? Yes No Don't know

Q.7: Would our society/ business community ever accept women as successful entrepreneurs? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.8: Can women support their families financially like men? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.9: Do you think that professional education is necessary for women entrepreneur to have better results in respective field? Strongly Agree Agree Dont know Disagree Strongly Disagree

Q.10: Would you suggest that extensive vocational / technical training for women entrepreneur extended by the Government. Yes No Don't know

Q.11: Do you think that women can handle all the legal business procedure (court procedures)? Yes No Don't know

Q.12: Is it necessary to give legal relief to women entrepreneur during their legal business requirement and problems. Yes No Don't know

Q.13: Rate women performance in following business activities (Excellent, Good, fair and Poor) Financing activities ______ Marketing activities ______ Management activities ______ Human resources management ______

Q.14: What kind of businesses would you suggest that women can easily operate or do you think that they have the capabilities of to carry out all kinds of businesses?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Q.15: From your point of view what are the main hurdles in the way of women to be successful entrepreneurs?

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Q.16: What remedies would you suggest regarding the removal of these hurdles?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name(optional)

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