elements of a short story

12
Elements of a Short Story Plot Irony P.O.V. Setting Character Conflict Subject Theme

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Elements of a Short Story

Plot

Irony

P.O.V.

Setting

Character

Conflict

Subject

Theme

Bare Bones of the Plot

Exposition The basic situation

You meet the characters and are introduced to the conflict. Example: The Three Little Pigs: At the beginning of the story

you learn about the three pigs and you realize that the Big, Bad, Wolf keeps blowing their houses down.

Plot (cont.)

Complication A complication occurs when a main character

tries to solve the conflict but another thing happens to complicate it.Example: The Three Little Pigs:

The two pigs build houses, but the Big Bad Wolf blows them down.

Plot (cont.)

Climax The high point of the story, when all emotions of

both the character and the reader are involved.Example: The Three Little Pigs

When all three pigs are inside the brick house and the Big Bad Wolf tries to blow them down.

Plot (cont.)

Resolution Generally Immediately follows the climax The conflict is resolved and readers find out

what the characters do next or how they have changed.Example: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

Snow White wakes up and she lives happily ever after with the prince.

Irony

Situational Irony: When the reader expects one thing to happen and

something else happens instead Verbal Irony:

Sarcasm Dramatic Irony:

When the reader knows something that the characters do not

Point of View

1st Person: Narrator uses “I” 2nd Person: “You”

Short stories or professional writing should NEVER be written in 2nd person!!

3rd Person:The narrator is not in the story, uses he or she

Limited The reader is limited to

one person’s perspective Example: Cinderella is

told only through her point of view

Omniscient There are multiple

people’s perspectives Example: At the

beginning of Goldilocks and the Three Bears the story is told through Goldilocks point of view; Later, the reader gets to view the story through the point of view of the three bears.

Setting(think both little and big picture)

When a story takes place A Year

1940, 1500’s, 1997 A Season

Fall, Spring, Summer Time of Day

Morning, Late Night An era or during a specific

event WWII, French Revolution

Where a story takes place A Country

Germany, USA, England A City

Los Angeles, Seattle A Place

In a park, at a baseball game, in the kitchen

5 Methods of Creating Character

Actions (what a character does) E. Scrooge does not let Bob have Christmas Eve off of work

Speech (what a character says) “Bah Humbug!” “I hate Christmas!”

Private Thoughts Detests Christmas, thinks it is useless to take holidays off of work

What other characters think of them Workers do not respect them, family member speak badly about him.

Appearance Tall, wears a cloak, gray hair

Conflict

External Conflict: Man vs. Man Man vs. Society Man vs. Nature

Internal Conflict: Man vs. Self

Subject vs. Theme

Subject: A topic Usually one or two

words Examples:

Love Fear Family Perseverance Growing Up

Theme: a main idea, what the author is trying to say, the moral Always is a sentence or

longer From subject, build a

theme Example: Love is more

important than material possessions