Chemistry holiday

homeworkCompounds, Elements and

Mixtures

Topics

1. Elements

2. Definitions

3. Examples

4. Compounds

5. Definitions

6. Examples

7. Mixtures

8. Definitions

9. Homogeneous Mixtures

10.Heterogeneous Mixtures

ELEMENTS

DEFINATIONS

An element is a substance which cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances by the usual chemical methods of applying heat, light or electric energy.

An element is a substance which is made up of only one kind of atoms.

Every substance in this world is made up of one or more elements.

EXAMPLES

SODIUM

DIAMOND

CARBON

MERCURY

BROMINE

HYDROGEN

OXYGEN

COMPOUNDS

DEFINATIONS

A compound is a substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion by mass.

Compounds can be further divided into three classes on the basis of their properties:

a) Acids

b) Bases

c) Salts

A compound cannot be separated into its components by physical methods.

The properties of a compounds are entirely different from those of its constituent elements.

The composition of a compound is fixed, the constituents are present in a fixed proportion by mass.

A compound has a fixed melting point, boiling point, etc.

Compound is a homogenous substance.

EXAMPLES

Marble

Sodium Hydroxide

Common Salt

Water

Chalk

Copper Sulphate

MIXTURES

DEFINATIONS• A mixture is a substance ehich consists of two

or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together.

• All solutions are mixtures.

• The various substances present in a mixture are known as “constituents of mixture” or “components of the mixture”.

• Mixtures are of two types:

• a) Homogenous Mixtures

• b) Heterogeneous Mixtures

Homogenous Mixtures

Those mixtures in which the substances are completely mixed together and are indistinguishable from one another are called homogenous mixtures.

All the homogenous mixtures are called solutions.

Eg.. Sea water, Soft drinks, Air, Petrol, etc.

Heterogeneous MixturesThose mixtures in which the substances remain separate and one substance is spread throughout the other substance as small particles, droplets or bubbles, are called heterogeneous mixtures.

The suspension of solids in liquids are also heterogeneous mixture.

A mixture containing two (or more) immiscible liquids is also a heterogeneous mixture.

Eg.. Glass, Soil, Milk, Ink, etc.

Made By

DEVEN AHLAWAT

SHUBHAM CHAUDHARY

G.ABHISHEK

RITESH SAMANTA