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Element 3

Identify the Impact of Alcohol Abuse

1What is a standard drink? p51A standard drink is defined as containing approximately 10 grams of pure alcohol.

2Standard drink Guidelines p51For Men:No more than 4 standard drinks on a day on average and no more than 6 standard drinks on any one day.For Women:No more 2 standard drinks on a day on average and no more than 4 standard drinks on any one day.

1 to 2 alcohol free days per week. Source: Aust. Government: Dept of Health & Ageing

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Activity: Complete the Standard Drinks activity on page 52.4

Alcoholic Beverage/ StrengthService SizeStandard drinksLight Beer2 to 3 %Schooner 425 mls.09Regular Beer4 to 5%Middy 285 mls1.1Alcoholic Soda4 to 7%240 mls1Table wine and sparkling wine11.5 to 13.5%100 120 mls1Fortified Wine18%60 mls1Spirits+/- 40%1 nip 30 mls1

p525One drink isnt always one drink

1.81.51180ml375ml30mlAve restaurant serveFull strengthSpirit12% Alc/Vol4.9% Alc./Vol+/- 40% Alc./Vol

Source: Aust. Government: Dept of Health & Ageing: http://www.alcohol.gov.au/internet/alcohol/publishing.nsf/Content/guidelines

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Activity: Complete the Why do people drink activity on page 54.7

Activity: Why do people drink?For a variety of reasons:Relaxation/enjoymentWellbeingLoss of inhibitionsPeer pressureAddictionWork/life pressures

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Activity: Complete What are the immediate effects of alcohol consumption activity on page 54.9

After a few drinks: happy, more relaxed, less concentration, slow reflexes

A few more less inhibited, more confidence, less co-ordination, slurred speech, intense moods

A few more confusion, blurred vision, poor muscle control

More still Nausea, vomiting, sleep, aggressive behaviour, fighting, danger to self and others

10Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) p55

Your BAC is a measure of the amount of alcohol you have in your blood.

The measurement is the number of grams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood.

For example, a BAC of 0.05 means 0.05 grams or 50 milligrams of alcohol in every 100 millilitres of blood.

Source: http:www.rta.nsw.gov.au

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Activity: What are some factors affecting your BAC? Refer to page 56.12

Activity: What are some factors affecting your BAC?Body sizeEmpty stomachBody fatGenderDrugs/MedicationTime periodGeneral Health13Binge Drinking

5 or more drinks in one drinking session;

Increasing trend in Australia, especially among young people;

Average age of first use of alcohol 14 years;

Harmful can result in acute intoxication;

Major cause of alcohol poisoning, which can lead to death;

It can lead people to put themselves in dangerous situations and to take risks with their health and wellbeing.

14Avoid Binge Drinking

Set limits for yourself, and stick to them;Start with a non-alcoholic drink; Drink slowly. Take sips, not gulps; Remember that 'alcopops' (sweet-flavoured pre-mixed drinks) often mask the taste of the alcohol, but they do not mask the effects;Try the low-alcohol alternative;Eat before or while drinking, and avoid salty snacks, which make you thirsty; Avoid rounds or 'shouts; Have one drink at a time so you can keep track of your drinksavoid 'topping up;Pace yourself; Stay busy don't just sit and drink; Have at least two alcohol-free days a week; Be assertive don't be pressured into drinking more than you want or intend to. Source: The Australian Drug Foundations Druginfo Clearinghouse

15Drink Spiking p79

A crime that occurs when alcohol or another drug is added to a persons drink without their knowledge or consent.

Drinks can be spiked in any setting and by anyone: friend, acquaintance, work colleague, date or a stranger.

The drug most commonly used to spike drinks is alcohol eg. Vodka

Common physiological effects are: vomiting, unconsciousness, poor coordination and balance, slurred speech, lowered inhibitions, drowsiness, dizziness, loss of motor skills, impaired judgment, visual problems and nausea. These symptoms are also commonly associated with intoxication.

16Drink Spiking the facts

Most victims are female but drink spiking also happens to males;

Prank spiking is the most prevalent form of drink spiking with most perpetrators having no criminal intent;

Extra unrequested alcohol is the most commonly used drug in drink spiking;

Frequently goes unreported;

Two thirds of drink spiking incidents occur in licensed premises.

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Activity: Drinking and DrivingLegal limit for fully licenced drivers in NSW0.05%Legal limit for provisional licence holders in NSW0.00%Legal limit for learner drivers in NSW0.00%Legal limit for drivers of gross vehicle mass 0.02%Greater than 13.9 tonnesDrivers of public vehicles/dangerous loads0.02%

Crash Risk.05Double the crash riskBAC .087 times the crash risk.1525 times the crash risk

18Drink Driving p58

In NSW, police have the power to:Stop drivers at random to test for alcohol.Arrest drivers who test over the legal limit.Arrest drivers they believe are impaired by drugs, and conduct a blood and urine testRequire a driver to undergo a sobriety test in certain circumstances.

Fatal crashes involving alcohol have dropped from 40% to 19%88% are men75% under the age of 40

3.4 million breath tests in NSW in 2007.Source: http:www.rta.nsw.gov.au

19Factors that affect susceptibility to p60 alcohol

GenderPregnant / Breastfeeding womenAgeMental health and sleeping patternsMedication and drug useSpecific health conditionsFamily historyIndigenous AustraliansNon-English Speaking Background

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Activity: How alcohol leaves the body. 21Activity: How alcohol leaves the bodyFresh air will sober you upCold shower will sober you upExercise will sober you upBlack coffee will sober you upVomiting will sober you upIts okay to drive if you dont feel drunkTime will sober you upFFFFFFTrue22How alcohol leaves the body?

Sobering up takes a long time

Small amounts of alcohol leave your body in your: urine, sweat and breath.

There is no way you can speed up the rate your body gets rid ofalcohol.

Remember after a big night out you may still be over the zero alcohol limit for much of the next day.

Source: Roads & Traffic Authority NSW http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au

23Safe Levels of Alcohol? p65

Due to the different ways that alcohol can affect people, there is no amount of alcohol that can be said to be safe for everyone. People choosing to drink must realise that there will always be some risk to their health and social well- being. However, there are ways to minimise the risks.

Source: Australian Government Department of Health and Aging http://www.alcoholguidelines.gov.au/

24Summary p65

Each beverage consumed will vary in how many standard drinks it contains dont get caught out.

Drinking guidelines for men and women differ, both however must have 1 to 2 days alcohol free per week.

We consume alcohol for a variety of reasons, but the amount we consume can have far reaching negative health consequences.

Do not let your patrons drink and drive. This also applies to you.

Sobering up takes a long time.

25Revision Questions

What is a standard drink?What can affect your BAC?What are some long term effects on the body from excessive drinking?Are there safe levels of alcohol consumption?

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