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ElectronsCore electrons

Electrons found in the inner shells

Valence electronsFound in the outermost shell of an

atom

Energy LevelsEach layer or shell is considered

one energy level.

Page 3: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 4: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

An element’s period number indicates the energy level of the element’s valence electrons.

Page 5: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Qwizdom Questions1. Which of the following elements have valence

electrons in Energy Level 1?a. He

b. B

c. Si

2. Which of the following elements have valence electrons in Energy Level 3?

a. He

b. B

c. Si

Page 6: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Electron ConfigurationAn electron’s “address” has four parts

1. Energy level (1-7) Describes how far the electron is from the

nucleus2. Energy sublevel (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d…)

Describes what type of orbital an electron is in

Contains one or more orbitals

Page 7: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 8: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

3. Orbital (s,p,d,f) Describes the shape of space an electron

occupies Can hold up to two electrons

4. Superscript (1s1, 2p4, 4d8…) Indicates how many electrons are in each

sublevel

Page 9: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 10: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

# of Orbitals

Page 11: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Filling in Orbital DiagramsFind number of electrons

Start adding electrons starting with first sublevel (1s)

When a sublevel is completely filled, move on to next sublevel following the correct order

Always add up arrow first.

Once all orbitals in a sublevel have an up arrow, then you can add 2nd electron (down arrow)

Page 12: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 13: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 14: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 15: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 16: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 17: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 18: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 19: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Energy Level 1 H 1s1 He 1s2

Energy Level 2 Li 1s2 2s1 Be 1s2 2s2

B 1s2 2s2 2p1 C 1s2 2s2 2p2 N 1s2 2s2 2p3

Page 20: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Page 21: Electrons Core electrons Electrons found in the inner shells Valence electrons Found in the outermost shell of an atom Energy Levels Each layer or shell

Chemical Bonds Valence electrons are those electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that can be used to form a chemical bond

Electrons and Bonding. Valence Electrons The electrons that are located in the outer energy shell of each atom These electrons are available to be shared,

Web viewBohr Diagram: _A diagram that shows how many electrons are in each shell surrounding the nucleus_ Stable octet: the arrangement of 8 electrons in the outer shell

The Periodic Table · Periodicity Main group, transition elements, and s, p, d, and f-blocks • The number of valence electrons (outer-shell electrons) can be found from group number

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts. 9.1 Valence electrons are the outer shell electrons of an atom. The valence electrons are the electrons that particpate

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Electron Configuration Electrons in Atoms. Energy levels, sublevels and orbitals Energy level (cloud or shell) SublevelsOrbitalsNumber of electrons 1s1

electron shells a)Atomic number = number of Electrons Electrons are placed in shells according to rules: 1)The 1st shell can hold up to two electrons,

Remember Atoms? Where were the protons and neutrons found? Where were the electrons found? How many electrons are in each shell when full?

Valence ElectronsValence Electrons Electrons in the outermost energy shell Na has 1 valence electron Mg has 2 valence electrons Electrons involved

Physical Science 1000 Bonding. Counting Electrons Total Electrons and Valence Electrons Valence Electrons – number of electrons in the outer shell of

Minor Components Major Components Atoms with only one shell for their electrons are found in the first row of the periodic table. Those with

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Chemical Bonding What holds things together? Bonding Involves the valence electrons or outermost electrons Outermost electrons in the last energy shell

Atoms and Bonding Honours. Revision A=Nucleus B =Protons Neutrons Electrons First Shell Second Shell…

Chemical Bonds Physical Science. Valence Electrons Electrons found in the last shell, orbital or energy level Code : 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 “A” columns

Groups (families) Vertical columns Group # = # of valence electrons (# of electrons in outer shell) 18 groups or families Some properties repeat

Electrons in outermost shell are called valence electrons and the valence shell is the outermost occupied shell Electron Configuration of Ions CATIONS

Electrons and Energy Levels Electrons are found in energy levels Energy LevelCapacity Level #12 Electrons (2 valence) Level #28 Electrons (8 valence)

Dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei probed … · Dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei probed by strong-ﬁeld holography and rescattering ... electronic valence-shell

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts Chapter 9. 9.1 Valence electrons are the outer shell electrons of an atom. The valence electrons are the electrons

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The Periodic Table. Force of Attraction: Valence Electrons (Outer-Shell Electrons) Electrons that can participate in the formation of chemical bonds

Molecular inner-shell photoabsorption/photoionization ... · the photoionization and photodetachment cross-sections of alencev electrons of closed shell atoms, small molecules and

Topic 2.3: How can atomic theory explain patterns in the ...€¦ · •Valence shell (outermost energy shell): occupied by valence electrons (electrons in the outermost occupied

Electron Arrangement: electrons (e) are found in energy levels outside of the nucleus. Energy level(s) = Orbit(s) or Shell(s) where e are found. (a.k.a

X-ray Diffraction. X-ray Generation X-ray tube (sealed) Pure metal target (Cu) Electrons remover inner-shell electrons from target. Other electrons “fall”

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