electronic cruise control

8/14/2019 Electronic Cruise Control

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Electronic Cruise Control[edit]

Daniel Aaron WisnerinventedAutomotiveElectronic Cruise Controlin 1968 as an

engineer for RCA's Industrial and

Automation Systems Division in Plymouth,

Michigan. His invention described in twopatents filed that year (#3570622 &

#3511329), with the second modifying his

original design by debuting digital memory,

was the first electronic gadgetry to play a

role in controlling a car and ushered in the

computer-controlled era in the automobile

industry. Two decades lapsed before

an integrated circuitfor his design was

developed by Motorola Inc. as the

MC14460 Auto Speed Control Processor

in CMOS. As a result, cruise control was
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eventually adopted by automobile

manufacturers as standard equipment and

nearly every car built and many trucks are

fitted with a configuration of the circuitry

and hardware nearly identical to his

prototype.[citation needed]

The advantage of

electronic speed control over its

mechanical predecessor, which was

featured on luxury models but never

gained wide acceptance, was that it could

be easily integrated withelectronic accidentavoidanceand engine management

systems.

Advantages and

disadvantages[edit]Some of those advantages include:
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Its usefulness for long drives (reducing

driver fatigue, improving comfort by

allowing positioning changes more

safely) acrosshighwaysand sparsely

populated roads. This usually results in

better fuel efficiency.[citation needed]

Some drivers use it to avoid

subconsciously violating speed limits. A

driver who otherwise tends to

subconsciously increase speed over the

course of a highway journey may avoid aspeeding ticket. Such drivers should

note, however, that a cruise control may

go over its setting on a downhill which is

steep enough to accelerate with an idlingengine.
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However, cruise control can also lead to

accidents due to several factors, such as:

The lack of need to maintain constant

pedal pressure, which can help lead to

accidents caused by highway

hypnosisor incapacitated drivers; future

systems may include a dead man's

switchto avoid this.[citation needed]

When used during inclement weather or

while driving on wet or snow- and/or ice-

covered roads, the vehicle could go into

a skid (although this may be somewhat

mitigated by cars equipped

with Electronic Stability Control).

Stepping on the brake

such as to

disengage the cruise controlcould
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result in the driver losing control of the

vehicle.[citation needed]

Driving over "rolling" terrain, with gentle up

and down portions, can usually be done

more economically (using less fuel) by a

skilled driver viewing the approaching

terrain, by maintaining a relatively constant

throttle position and allowing the vehicle to

accelerate on the downgrades and

decelerate on upgrades, while reducing

power when cresting a rise and adding a

bit before an upgrade is reached. Cruise

control will tend to overthrottle on the

upgrades and retard on the downgrades,

wasting the energy storage capabilitiesavailable from the inertia of the vehicle.

The inefficiencies from cruise control can
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be even greater relative to skilled driving

in hybrid vehicles.[citation needed]

Adaptive cruise control[edit]

Main article:Adaptive cruise control

Some modern vehicles have adaptive

cruise control (ACC)systems, which is ageneral term meaning improved cruise

control. These improvements can be

automatic braking or dynamic set-speed

type controls.Automatic Braking Type: The automatic

braking type use either

a radaror lasersetup to allow the vehicle

to keep pace with the car it is following,slow when closing in on the vehicle in front

and accelerating again to the preset speed
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when traffic allows. Some systems also

feature forward collision warningsystems,

which warns the driver if a vehicle in

frontgiven the speed of both vehicles

gets too close (within the preset headway

or braking distance).

Dynamic Set Speed Type: The dynamic

set speed uses the GPSposition of speed

limitsigns, from a database. Some are

modifiable by the driver. At least

one, Wikispeedia,

incorporates crowdsourcing, so driver input

is shared, improving the database for all

users.
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