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in the region

/s/i2t

O6MAT41

(07 Marks)

(06 Marks)that f(z) = u + iv is an

(07 Marks)l, x + y = 1 under the

(07 Marks)

(06 Marks)

i) l< lzl <3i(07 Mar*s)

residue theorem.

(07 Marks)

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Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Ju,ne 2012Engineering Mathematics - lV

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks:100Note: 7. Answer FIVE full questions, selecting

at least TWO questions from each part.2. Use of statistical tables is pennified.

PART - AI a. Employ Taylor's method to obtain approximate value of y at x = 0.1 and x = 0.2 for the

differential equation y' = x2y - I , y(0) = I considering upto the fourth degree term.(06 Marks)

6. Using Runge-Kutta method of fourth order, s61vg ; !I = I;+ with y(0) = I atdx y'+x'

x -- O.2, O.4. (07 Marks)

c. Given 9=*'tt +y)andy(I)= l,!(l.l)= 1.233, y(l .2) = 1 .548, y( I .3) = 1.979, evaluatedx

y(l.a) by Adams - Bashforth method.

a. Obtain the Cauchy-Riemann equations in polar form.b. Verify that v = e* (x Sin y + y Cos y) is harmonic. Find u such

analytic function. Also find f(z).

3a.b.

C.

Find the

ii) lz - tl

Evaluate

(z-1)(z-3)

Find the region in the W-plane bounded by the lines x = l, y =transformation W = 22.Indicate the region with sketches.

State and prove Cauchy's integral formula.1

ZLaurent's expansion for f(z) =

2.

Sinnz2 + Cosnz2

! {r-t)'{r-z)where C is the circle lzl = :, Uy Cauchy's

Obtain the series solution of the equation 4xy" + 2 (l - x) y' - y = 0.4a.b.

c.

5a.

Obtain the series solution ofLegendre's differential equation(l - *2) y" - 2xy' + n(n + l)y =Q.Express 4x3 - ^'- 3^ + 8 interms ofLegendre polynomial.

PART - B----Fit a parabola ofthe form y = a + bx + cx'to the followinx+cx to me ro

x 0 I 2 -l 4 5

v 3 l r3 2l 31

b. Obtain the lines ofregression and hence find the coefficient of correlation for the data :

(07 Marks)(07 Malks)

x I 3 4 2 -5 8 9 l0 13 15

v 8 6 l0 8 l2 16 l6 10 32 32

c. State and prove Baye's theorem.

I of 2

6a.b.

7a.

b.

c.

8a.

Find mean and standard deviation ofthe binomial distribution.

O6MAT41

(06 Marks)The probability that an individual suffers a bad reaction fiom a certain injection is 0.001.Using Poisson disfribution, determine the probability that out of2000 individuals :

i) Exactly 3 andii) More than 2 will suffer a bad reaction. (07 Marks)The weekly wages of workers in a company are normally distributed with mean of Rs.700/-and standard deviation of Rs.50. Find the probability that the weekly wage of a randomlychosen worker is i) between Rs.650 and Rs.750, and ii) more than Rs.750. (07 Marks)

The mean and standand deviation of marks scored by a sample of 100 students are67.45 arrd2.92.Find, : i) 95?o afi ii) 99?o confidence intervals for estimating the mean marks of theshrdent population. (06 Marks)Ten individuals are chosen at random from a population and their heights in inches arefoundtobe63,63,66,67,68,69,70,70,71,71.Testthehypothesisthatthemeanheightofthe universe is 66 inches. (to.s = 2.262 for 9 d.f). (07 Marks)Explain the following terms :

i) Null hypothesisii) Confidence limitsiii) Type I and type II errors. (07 Mart<s)

A fair coin is tossed thrice. The random variables x and y are defined as follows :

x = 0 or I according as head or tail occurs on the first toss. y = number ofheads.i) Determine the marginal probability dishibution of x and y.iD Determine the joint distribution of x and y.iii) Determine E(x), E(y), E(xy).iv) Determine o*, or. (06 Marks)

(07 Marks)

b. Define Stochastic matrix. Show that the matrix P is a regular Stochastic matrix and also find'its unique fixed probability vector.

[o.s o.zs o.zs'l

r=lo.s o o.s I

L0 1 0lc. A software engineer goes to his office everyday by motor bike or by car. He never goes by

bike on two consecutive days. But if he goes by car on a day then he is equally likely to goby car or by bike the next day. Find the transition probability matrix of the Markov chain.If car is used on the first day of the week, find the probability that after 4 daysi) Bike is usedii) Car is used.

2of2

(07 Ma*s)

USN 06ES42

(06 Marks)

(08 Marks)(04 Marks)

b.

EE

ty

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a;

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E

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jtne 2012Microcontrollers

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks:100Notez Answer FIVE full questions, selecting

atleast TWO questions from each part.

PART - A

I a. Differentiate between RISC and CISC cpu architectures. (06 Marks)

b. What is the intemal memory capacity of 8051? Show the neat schematic of interface ofextemal 8 K ROM and 16 K RAM to 8051. (08 Marks)

c. Explain briefly a machine cycle. What is the time taken to execute a two -cycle instructionANL A, #n if crystal frequency isi) I 1.0592 MHz ii) 16 MHz.

2 a. What is addressing mode? Put the number lAh in registers R:, Rl and Rs in four different

c,

addressing modes? (07 Marks)

List bit-addressable instructions and their operation in 8051. Which flags are effected in

such instructions. (07 Marks)

The number ECh is placed some where in extemal Ram, between locations 2000 h and

2020h. Write program to find the address of that location and put that address in R6(LSB)and R;(MSB). (06 Marks)

3 a. Explain different ranges in jump instructions, with figure.b. Compare jump and call instructions.c. Two multibyte numbers numl and num2 are stored at locations }Oh,2lh, - - - - and

30h, 3lh, 32h, - - - -, Add numl and num2 storc the result at locations 40h,41h,42h, ----,Use CALL and RET instructions in the ALP. (08 Mar*s)

4 a. What are the reasons for writing programs in C language instead ofassembly language?(04 Marks)

b. What are the ways to create a time delay in 8051C? Write C program to toggle all bits ofpofts p0 and p2 continuously, with a delay offew ms. (08 Marks)

c. List bit-wise logical operators in C, with examples. Write C program to read P1.0 and P1 .lbits and issue an ASCII character to P0, to the table

Pl.l Pl.00 0 Send '0' to P0

0 Send 'l ' to P0

0 Send '2' to P0

Send '3' to P0

PART - B

5 a. Explain the different modes of operation of timer/counter with relevant block diagrams.(12 Marks)

b. Write ALP to generate a square - wave of 2KHz, with a duty cycle of 667o. Use timer 0,mode 2. (08 Marks)

I of 2

6a.

b.c.

ta.b.

c.

8a.

b.

What is serial communication? How serial8051 .

Explain the bit pattem of SCON register.

068S42

communication is canied- out with RS232 in(06 Marks)(06 Marks)

(10 Marks)(10 Marks)

Write :

i) ALP to transfer serially letter 'A' continuouslyii) C program to receive bytes of data and put them in Pl. Use baud rate of9600, 8 bits and1 stop bit, for both transmission and reception. Use timer 1, mode2.

What are intemrpts? Explain the intem.rpt system of 805 I . (08 Ma*s)With reference to Fig. Q7(b), normal status of INTI is high. Normal status of LED is OFF.When INT I goes low, it tums ON LED and it remains ON for a fraction of second. Writeprogram to perform the above function. (06 Marks)

To LED.

Fie. Q7(b)Write C program that continuously gets a single bit of data from Pl.7 and sends it to P1.0,while continuously creating a square wave of 200 ps period on P2.3. Use timer 0, mode2 tocreate square wave, assume XTAL = I 1.0592 MHz. (06 Marks)

With a neat schematic diagram, show the interfacing of 8051 to ADC 0808 and write thesteps to program 8051, to get data from ADC.Interface LCD module to 8051 and write program to display the word LCD.

2of2

['

USN

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jane 2Ot2

Signals and SystemsTime: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: l oo

Note': Answer FIVE full questions, selectingatleast TWO questions from each part.

PART - A1 a. Find the even and odd components ofthe following signals :

i)

b.C.

E

av

zh

3c

.-a

n-

'!:*

6=

--.i .i

z

E

>LCO AI

oraFig. Ql(c)

3b

d. The input -output relationship inasystem is givenbyY[n] = x[n-5] + x[n-7], where x[n]is the input and y[n] the output. Determine the properties ofthe system. (06 Marks)

2 a. Prove that if the impulse response h(t) and the input x(t) are unit step functions the output is

a ramp. (05 Marks)

Ifh(t)= u(t) - u(t-3) and x(0 = u(t) = u(t- l), determine the output y(t). (08 Marks)

If the input of a discrete LTI system is

xIn] - [,3,2,2] and the impulse response is,

h[n] - [1, f, 2,1). fincl the output.

3 a. Theoutputofan LTI system is given by ylnl = xln + ll + 2x Lnl - xln- l]. Find the impulse(04 Marks)

(06 Marks)

c. Determine the impulse response ofan LTI system described by the difference equation :

y[n] - 0.6y[n - l] + 0.08yln - 2l = xlnl. (06 Marks)

d. Draw the direct form I and II representations for a system described by the equation :

b.

- I pie. eria)

a'

ii) x[n]=tl,2,9, l,-21 .

Detemine if following signals are energy or power signals :

i) x(t) = a; -'t /2 < t <TD= 0; elsewhere

ii) x [n] = tl/41'ulnl

c. Given x(t) as shown in Fig. Q1(c), plot x(2t + 2) and x( -t -l ).

response if x[n] is the input. Is the system stable?

b. Obtain the natural response of a system described by the differential equation :

d2v(t) 2dv(t) dx(t) ^ . dv(r)l* r..,+ --r..,+v(t)= -.-.-,: \,(0) = l::l-:-1l =1.dr' dt dt - dt Ln

(04 Marks)

(06 Marks)(04 Ma*s)

(07 Marks)

I of i

(04 Marks)

4a.

068C44

Find x(t) if the Fourier - Series coefficients are as shown in Fig. Qa(a). The phase spectrumis a null spectrum. (06 Marks)

I

l

:

-3-l -t o I AFig. Qa(a)

K -->

b. Determine the Fourier - Series of the signal x(t) = f "or[

]t +11. ltot ttre magnitude andl? ?l

phase spectra. (07Marks)

c. Show that if x[n] is real and even, its Fourier coefficients are real. Hence find the DTFS

coefficients for the signat ^tnl

= ia[, - zp] . (07 Marks)

PART-B

a. Find the FT of the sig-function sg!(t) defined by,

+l r>0sgn(t)=0 t=0

-l r<0plot the magnitude and phase spectrum. (07 Marks)

b. If the Fourier transform ofx(0 isX(w)then, find the Fourier transform ofx(at). (06 Marks)

c. Find the DTFI of the signal x[n] = uln + 2l - u4[n - 3]. (07 Marks)

a. Find the Ff of the train of unit impulses shown in Fig. Q6(a). (07 Marks)

-3T -a.T -T D.tl 5t'

Fig.6(a)description for the

impulse response

th. Determine the difference equation

htnl = 51n] + 2(1)' u[n] + Cl)' ulnl.Find the fiequency response and

differential equation :

2dY(t)*3rrtr = 7x(t).dr

system with the impulse response(06 Marks)

of the system described by theC.

2of3

(07 Marks)

7a.

Ea.

Determine the Ztransform ofx[n] = -u1-.-11+ (1)" utnl.

Determine the ROC and pole - zero locations of x(t).If the z{ransform of x[n] is X(Z), derive the Z - transform of a\[n].

06rC44

(05 Marks)(05 Marks)b.

d.Using Z-transform, find the convolution of x[n] = t1,2,-1,0,31 and y[n] = 11,2,-11. (05 Marks)

Find the inverse Z - transform of

x(z) = (05 Marks)1- l,

Given the Z -transform of the impulse response h[n] is1

H(z) = --------------- ,.----------- . (0,6 Mart(s)(l -lz-'.[l -]z-',f

What are the possible ROC? Comment on the stability and causality in each case.

Determine the transfer function and impulse response ofthe system described by

(07 Marks)

h.

ytnl - lytn - 1l = 2xln - ll .

c. If the impulse response is given by htnl = ($)" utnl +(l)'-2uln-t l, find the difference equation

of the system. (07 Marks)

3 of 3

z

IrFdall\or.:lOn.onptd.1B)o"a1({c^.,ohoLt.onit.o.aqdEgol4.mstr..sondcrMatrreordnlDd!L\I Any relcaling ofidenriicadon, aFpcatio evrtu nrJ;d /orcquums *i,nmce, +r* 8:50. ;iil"'o"""a

",."rp*"t".

t !=I

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s3 0 i,.ii 3 t;e o rs! o!-a 5

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atr

a

=

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=ia|-' = I l.l! 9lrd!l>

a!

P;

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A9

tg6_ g;f

ii+L

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^9

t!

.,=

3!

='2

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a,","r"t::1i t.."i_

i'it_ .. tLa-

,=r=e? : ;- zi a=

?1';;11 7 i = =insie!C9 i1 ! - ': ;12g9= i

= i i1;=i= i:t3,

=a= E -; F iilt",':lt"La-:= a i 1=a-zi-= ;a;:i- 9'^ ts eii+=4 4 r;b-., s \. ) i;'ial t .:elt)2 = f a _l e:9 = -L=2r;d 7 =_ ..!_ -o= :. 12^ jt47" = J-' a *d '?= -;1

6 a = :l -d =.9,1 S i I ; 'i -t -),=

a = : - ; =,_ Q?.

= 'x x ; i 4. i; a1=

;i z =l-'" E 1;;i-k : i € i

=;q-?6:iE=ti i ?- ' 2 ]i; .. 3 = el,3.qi-i=.-

a- - ; - 3i =f: t # ? s- i

i= * a = < = -h.J Z i , Zt f

=r +,1':. ---o6'

o!

i:

0"

6.2:{ 'a

<29A X

ai = o ? A

d-d - 1 , ^ 7-i:i p. -=;li 2 g

==a =- 1al,i txE.4,_l_a ^ ','lo- -sgrl^; z:l'-i.4i -'-vvo ; E 9;i1r!:

6-;b = = --=1,-

i, ='

Jg i 5 a 6

EE i ; I ili':.: - o l-l:i :g L 1 : 9lr

= d d orw

i+41

_€ di tt

5o!e=1a-?H9-

^9 6:=

; E. i i0

t

qii

.l"1

,t]

?1

-E I .!r+ h

gE 3 get-di ,; aEE e -EEt' ,: !o;lq!u?; I B-99.9pd=ArL+=sE e \6L''io

EOE;

.Ei F e E

'Eo 9 I -Y

i6 E i, a

;.4=t^ c !9ze+ll * E*E.SIX E ; E6 vli; , s 1

E- a i; En;€t E qiEoE?, a ri5 :l-l;* 5 3E6l

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Li

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H1: yr (t) = xi (t) xr (t-l)Hz: y: (t) = | x: (t) I

Signals and Systems

H3:Y(t)=l+2x3(t)Ha: ya (r) = cos ( x+ (r) ).

10EC44

(03 Marks)

(06 Marks)

corresponding system is

(08 Marks)following impulse

(04 Marks)

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2Ol2

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100

Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part.

PART-Aa. Give a brief classification of signals. (04 Marks)b. Check whether the following systems are linear, causal and time invariant or not.

3e

! c'r

,€b

9i

-=

-l .i

z

(08 Marks)

c. Classify the following signals or energy signals or power signals:i) x (n) = 2" u (-n) ii) x (n) = U)" + ()-". (0s Marks)

d. A system consists of several sub-systems connected as shown in Fig.Q(l) d. Find theoperator H relating x (t) to y (t) for the following sub-system operators:

tlo'I,(t) * zy<O dv,ft) +3ty(t) = x(t) ii)y(n)=x'z(n)*-1.. dt' dt x'(n-l)

2a.b.

C.

3a.

b.

C.

Fie.Q 1(d)

Find the continuous-time convolution integral given below:Y (t) = cos (7rt) [u (t + l) - u (t - 3)]x u (t).Consider the i/p signal x (n) and impulse responses (n) given below:

[t . o< n <+x(n)={

10. otherw ise

l"' 0<n<6. lcrl <lh1n1=1

[0 otherwise

Obtain the convolution sum y (n) = x(n) + h (n). (08 Marks)Derive the following properties:

i) x (n) x h (n) = h 1n) "*1r1 ii) x(n)x [h(n) x g(n)] =[x(n)xh(n)]xg(n). (06 Marks)

For each impulse response listed below, determine whether thememoryless, causal and stable:

i) h (n) = (0.99)' u (n + 3) ii) h(0=e-3'u(t- 1).

Evaluate the step response for the LTI system represented by theresponse: h (t) = u (t + l)-u (t- l).Draw direct form I implementation of the corresponding systems:

d y(t) 5{yr ,4yfi}-xrtr -34x1r.1dr' dr' - dr

I of 4

grle)

lrlt).61 9r1s2

t+,-i--l Ue{t }

(04 Marks)

4a.b.

Determine the forced response for the system given by:

5 dy(l) - t0y(r) = 2x11).withinputx(t)=2u(t).dr-

State and prove time shift and periodic time convolution properties of DTFS.

Evaluate the DTFS representation for the signal x (n) shown in Fig.Q4(b) and

spectra.

+

108C44

(04 Marks)

(06 Marks)sketch the(0E Marks)

(06 Marks)

rn) ?

Il-t-.a o I 2 3'\ s b'lFie.QaG)

Determine the time signal conesponding to the magnitude and phase spectra shown in

Fig.Q4(c), with Wo = 71.

I t-3

,t, 4--xlt)t7

ol>

5a.b.

' "/ttFig.Qa(c)

PART-BState and prove the frequency-differentiation property of DTFI.Find the time-domain signal corresponding to the DTFT shown in Fig.Q5(b).

xtc-)-Sbe

Fie.Qs(b)

2of4

(06 Marks)(05 Marks)

-, :, -l

-xf -2F -fr

c-

Fig.Q5(c)

6 a. The input and output of causal LTI system are described by the differential equation.

d'ytt) *3dy(o *2y(r)= x (0dt'? dt

i) Find the frequency response of the systemii) Find impulse response of the systemiiD What is the response of the system if x (t) = 1ga u (t;. (10 Marks)

b. Find the frequency response of the RC circuit shown in Fig.Q6(b). Also find the impulseresponse of the circuit. (10 Marks)

For the signal x (t)computing x (w).

it Jx twr dw ii)

toBC44

shown in Fig.Q 5(c), evaluate the following quantities without explicitly(09 Marks)

llx twrl'ow iiir .Jx

twte' . dw.

(04 Marks)

(06 Marks)

(O4 Marks)(06 Marks)

+

Fie.Q6(b)

7 a. Briefly list the properties of Z-Transform.

b. Using appropriate properties, find the Z-transfbrm x (n) = n'|,f]" u tn - Zt.(31

c. Determine the inverse Z-transfo rm of x@)=+, by long division method of:

i) ROC; lzl > 1.

d. Determine all possible signals x (n) associated with Z-transform.

, rrr- wl,'''' l-wl,.\l.u)..1

3of4

8 a. An LTI system is described by the equation ^.-v(n)=x(n)+0'81^('J:'0:8i*Gzl-o+s.v(n-2)Determinethetransferfunctionofitre system.'sketch the poles and zeros on the Z-plane' Assess the stability' (05 Marks)

b. A systems has impulse response h (n) 01)" u (n) Determine the transfer function' Also

determine the input to the system if the output is given by:

I !/r\"..y(n)=ru (n)+;[ - :.J, t,t'

A linear shift invariant system is described by the difference equatlon'

1lvrnr-l vtn- ll+5){n-2)=x (n)+x (n- l)

with y (-1) = 0 and Y (-2) = -1.Find:i) The natural response of the system'

ii) The forced response of the system and

iii) The frequency response ofthe system for a step'

10EC44

(05 Marks)

(10 Marks)

4of4

USN 06EC4s

SIGNAL a

SIGNAL bSIGNAL cSIGNAL dSIGNAL e

BIT:BrT_VECTOR (7 DOWNTO 0);STD_LOGIC;STD_LOGIC-VECTOR (7 DOWN TO O);

INTEGER RANGE O TO 255:

a<=b(5)b(0)<=ac<=d(5)d(0)<=ca<=Cb<=de<=b'e<=d

c. Find the value of the expressions X t . . ..X8, for the following VHDL signal declarations.

,1,.9

I

-t!,.

H(J

t,s

'a

-i' iE^!=

4..

69a<,

d>e<

oz

o.

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2Ol2Fundamentals of HDL

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100

Note'. Answer any FIVE full questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part.

PART - A

1 a. Describe verilog data t)?es with an example. (0E Marks)b. For the following VHDL code, determine legal and illegal operations between data of

different t1pes.

-;--;1-: \

;. o:"*--"'tu, .

/,&- .,.,]-lt'l?i ,1it" ' t-'

'i-o\,,. *'' i i\ . ''

4.,-*- ---'

t: z

' .-3,; 1,. ..

(05 Marks)

SIGNAI- a

SIGNAL bSIGNAL cSIGNAL d

i) Xl<=aandc;ii) X2<=candb;

v) X5<=bsll 2;vi) X6<=bsla2;

BIT: ='l' :

BIT_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0) : = "1100";BIT_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0) : = "0010";BrT_VECTOR (7 DOWNTO 0) ;

,-

b.

iii) X3<=bXORc; vii) X7<=brol 2;iv) X4<=aNORb(3); viii) X8 < = a AND NOT b(0) AND NOT c(l); (07 Marks)

Write a data - flow description in both VHDL and verilog of a system that has three 1 - bitinput, a(l), a(2) and a(3) ; and one I - bit output b. The least significant bit is a(l); and b is Ionly when (a(3) a(2) a(l) = 1, 3, 6, or 7 (all in decimal), otherwise b is 0. Derive aminimized Boolean function of the system and write the data flow description. (I2 Marks)Write VHDL code using a data flow description of a full adder with enable. If the enable islow (0), the sum and carry are zero; otherwise, the sum and carry are the usual output oftheadder. Draw the truth table of this adder, and derive the simplified Boolean function.

(08 Marks)

I nf ?

06EC45

3 a. Develop a VHDL model for a pipelined circuit that computes the average of correspondingvalues in three streams of input values, a, b and c. The pipeline consists of three stages :

The first stage sums values of a and b and saves the value of c ; the second stage adds on thesaved value ofc, and third stage divides by three. The inputs and output are all signed fixed

\l

- point numbers indexed from 5 down to - 8.

Explain the structure of the HDL behavioral description, with an example.(12 Marks)(08 Marks)b.

4a.b.

5a.b.

6a.

b.c.

ta.b.

c.

8a.b.

Write a VHDL code, using structural description of a 3-bit comparator using adders.(10 Marks)

Develop a verilog model of a switch debouncer for a push button that uses a debounceinterval of 10 ms. Assume the system clock frequency is 50 MHz. (06 Marks)Write a verilog code of a pulse triggered master-slave JK flip flop, using structuraldescription. (04 Marks)

PART - B

Explain how functions are described in VHDL and verilog. (06 Marks)Develop VHDL code for signed vector multiplication, using procedure and tasks. (14 Marks)

Describe procedure for invoking a vHDL entity from a verilog module and a verilog modulefrom a VHDL module.Develop mixed-language description of a 9-bit adder.Write a note on VHDL packages.

List limitations of mixed-language description.Write mixed - language description of a simple RC filter.Describe instantiating CASEX in VHDL.

With the help of flow chart. Explain synthesis steps in HDL.With an example, explain how mapping of procedure and task takesverilog synthesis respectively.

(08 Marks)(08 Marks)(04 Marks)

(04 Marks)(12 Marks)(04 Marks)

(08 Marks)place in VHDL and

(12 Marks)

2of2

/

USN 10EC45

Max. Marks:100

(06 Marks)(06 Marks)(08 Marks)

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June 2012Fundamentals of HDL

c-

I

.=..r

gu

3t)

vi

U<

oz

o

Time: 3 hrs.Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting

at least TWO questions from each part.

PART-A1 a. Explain the structure of VHDL module and verilog module.

b. Explain verilog data types.c. Discuss different logical operators used in HDLs.

c. Write verilog code for 2x2 unsigned combinational array multiplier.

2 a. Explain the execution of signal assignment statement in HDL with example. (06 Marks)

b. Write VHDL code for 2x I multiplexer with active low enable in data flow description.(07 Marks)(07 Marks)

3 a. With the suitable example, explain the case statement in both VHDL and verilog. (06 Marks)

b. Explain the flowchart of booth multiplier algorithm with example. Also write VHDL code

for 4x4 bit booth algorithm.

4 a. What is binding in VHDL? Explain.i) Binding between entity and architecture in VHDL.ii) Binding between entity and component in VHDL.iii) Binding between library and module in VHDL.

b. Write verilog structural description of full adder. Use thiscomparator and write the verilog structural code for the same.

PART -B5 a. Write HDL code for converting an unsigned binary to an integer using procedure and task.

(10 Marks)(10 Marks)

(04 Marks)Write HDL code (both VHDL and verilog) for finding the greatest element of an array.

(12 Marks)(04 Marks)

a. How to invoke a VHDL entity from verilog module? Explain with an example. (08 Marks)

b. Write mixed language description of a 3-bit adder with zero flag. If the output of the adder iszero, the zero flag is set to l; otherwise it is set to 0.

b.

6a.b.

Explain built-in procedures for file-processing in VHDL.

Why mixed type description needed? Explain.

c. Discuss VHDL package with example.

(12 Marks)

l of 2

(12 Marks)

8a.b.

Explain synthesis steps with flow chart.Find the gate level mapping for the following verilog code:

module if_st(a, y);input [2:0] a;

output y ;

reg y I

always @ (a)begin

if (a < 3'b101)

' Y = 1'b1;else

Y = l'b0;endend moduleDiscuss synthesis information extraction from entity in VHDL.

10EC45

(10 Marks)

(06 Marks)(04 Marks)c.

2ol2

USN06EC46

(07 Marks)(05 Marks)

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jtu:l.e 2Ol2

3a.b.C.

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Time: 3 hrs.

la.b.

C.

d.

2a.

b.

C.

b.C.

by deriving the expression fol gain.Explain the working of peak clipper circuit using op-amp.

Design a precission full-wave rectifier to produce a 2V peak output ftom a sinewave input

with a peak value of 0.5V and a frequency of I MHz. Use supply of +15V.

Linear lG's and Applications

Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part.

PART - A

Write the circuit diagram of 3 input inverting summing amplifier and derive the expression

for the out put voltage. Explain how you can convert it into an adder and averager. (08 Marks)

A direct coupled non inverting amplifier is to amplify a 200mV signal to a level of 6V using

an op-amp. Design a suitable circuit using op-amp 741. Given: For 741 lor,m"r = 500nA and

V.. = +15V. (05 Marks)

An op-amp with slew rate of 0.5 V/pts is used. Find the minimum time required for the

circuit to change the output by lOV. (02 Marks)

Write the circuit diagram of a capacitor coupled voltage follower. Explain how you can

incrcase the input impedance of that circuit and obtain the expression for the input

impedance. (07 Marks)

Design a capacitor coupled inverting amplifier to have a gain of 100 and to operate in

between 100H2 to 10 kHz. Assume signal voltage of 20mV' load resistance of 3.9 KO and

Iu,,a*r = 500nA. (06 Marks).Design a capacitor coupled non-inverting amplifier using single polarity power supply. The

specifications are V." = 20V, Gain =100, Vo = 4V, fr = l00Hz, Rr = 4.7KO, Ib(,,,",) = 500nA.(07 Marks)

Explain 21,, mod technique of frcquency compensation in op-amp. (07 Marks)

List 5 precautions to be taken for op-amp circuit stability. (05 Marks)

Explain slewrate effect on band width and output amplitude ofan op-amp circuit. (06 Marks)

The gain-band width product of an op-amp circuit is 800 kHz. Calculate the upper cut offfrequency if the closed loop gain is 100. (02 Marks)

4 a. Write the circuit diagram of three op-amp instrumentation amplifier and explain the working

Given I61,,u*1 = 500nA.

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(08 Marks)

06EC46

PART - B

a. Explain the working of positive clamper circuit using op-amp. (04 Marks)

b. using block diagram of log and antilog amplifier explain the working of analog multipliercircuit. How you can conveft it into a squarer? Explain. (08 Marks)

c. Design aphase shift oscillatorusing op-amp 741 to have an output frequency of l5kHz.Theoutput amplitude is to be stabilized at +14v, for the given op-amp Iur,no*t = 500nA.(05 Marks)

d. Write the circuit diagram of triangular rectangular wave generator with duty cycle and

frequency controls. (03 Marks)

a. write the circuit diagram and derive the expression for the voltage gain of the first order

high pass filter using op-amp. Hence explain its working. (08 Marks)

b. Explain the working of inverting Schmitt trigger circuit. Explain how you can modify this

circuit to get different trigger level with llTP + LTP. (07 Marks)

c. Design an astable multivibrator to have 19V output with a frequency of lkHz, for the given

op-amp lur,nu*t = 500nA. (05 Marks)

a. Write the functional diagram and explain the low voltage regulator using general purpose

regulator IC723. (06 Marks)

b. State and explain the following terms with respect to 3 pin IC regulators:i) Load regulationii) Source regulationiii) Drop out voltage.

c. Describe how you can use 3 pin IC regulator as a curent source.

d. Design an adjustable voltage regulator circuit to get Vo =7.5V withusing 7805 regulator IC. Given Iq = 4.2 mA.

Explain the principle of switch type analog phase detector.

(06 Marks)(04 Marks)

load current of 25 mA(04 Marks)

(06 Marks)' With circuit diagram, explain the working of Schmitt trigger using 555 timer IC. (04 Mart<s)

Explain basic DAC techniques. Hence describe the construction and working ofR-2R ladder

8a.b.C.

DAC.d. Explain the working of servo tracking A/P converter.

(06 Marks)(04 Marks)

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