electromagnetic solutions for auto...

Electromagnetic Solutions for

Auto ElectronicsFEKO and FLUX

Exploring Advances in Automotive Electronics

Manoj Menghrajani, Altair India

© 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

About Altair

• Altair is global software and technology company focused on enterprise analytics, productdevelopment and advanced computing

• 45+ offices in 22 countries with over 2,200 engineers, scientists, developers, designers andcreative thinkers.

• Altair provides the most comprehensive simulation solutions in the industry, for modeling,analysis, and optimization for computer-aided engineering, computational electromagnetics, math-modelling, fluid-structure, and multi-body dynamics applications.

Simulation-driven

Innovation


Auto Electronics – EM Applications using FEKO

• Electromagnetic simulation in the automotive industry is veryimportant, as communication demands become more varied andcomplex.

• Tools like FEKO are used for Antenna analysis and design, and EMCproblems related to:

• Car-to-Car Communication • Remote keyless entry systems• Tire-pressure monitoring systems (TPMS) • Bluetooth integration of mobile phones with vehicle audio systems, • Wireless communications• Radar collision avoidance • Cable coupling • Shielding effectiveness • EMC for emissions and immunity• Others

Steering control ECU emission

Cable analysis

Windscreen antennas


Car-to-Car Communication - FEKO and WinProp

• Autonomous vehicle is the newest brainchild of theauto industry.

• The first natural evolution in automotive is thecollision-avoidance systems.

• The next phase is about car-to-car communication.


Meeting the Challenges

• One of the key enabling technologies in thedevelopment of autonomous vehicles is driving aidradar systems, and car-to-car communications.

• The challenges are in meeting the gain, beam widthand side lobe level specifications for the radarantennas.

• Altair provides simulation tool FEKO for designand integration of the antenna into the vehicle.

• Furthermore, the radar channel interactions withits environment could be analyzed usingWinProp.


The Radar Channel - WinProp

• The development of automotive radar systems (e.g.for ACC) relies on an in-depth understanding of theradar channel between the car and its environment.

• Using WinProp’s sophisticated ray tracingmodels, simulations of the radio channel helps toimprove the algorithms for angle and distanceestimation.

• For this purpose, time-variant objects (e.g. movingcars) as well as stationary objects (guard railings,buildings, etc.) can be defined and considered inWinProp.


• Automatic transmission of messages from one car to another

based on Car-2-Car Communication technology (IEEE 802.11p)

• Receiving car indicates imminent hazard to driver

• Autonomous action of car possible

Automatic Hazard Warning

Accident on

highway

Receiving car


Transmitter

Receiver

• Analysis of connectivity

in car-2-car network

• Evaluation of

antenna performance

Analysis of radio links in car-2-car networks


• Computed propagation paths

Analysis of radio links in car-2-car networks


Automotive Remote Keyless Entry Systems

• Remote keyless entry (RKE) vehicle access systems are typical in modern vehicles

• EM solver FEKO do:

o Initial validation of model of the antenna

o Investigate the receiver integrated in different vehicle body configurations

o Predict the link budget of RF antennas in their operational environment

• Thus EM simulations could be used to estimate RF performance of on-board antennas ahead of theirintegration in their functional environment.

• This approach gives RF engineers the ability to test different antenna positioning in early project stages inorder to avoid blind spot areas around the vehicle.

Key-fob prototype 3D Simulation modelCommunication scenario modelled


FEKO for Automotive EMC Simulation During the Vehicle Development Process

• Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) has become a key andsensitive topic for both automotive OEMs and their suppliers.

• FEKO is helping automotive OEMs and their suppliers toperform electromagnetic simulations of EMC for analysis,design and validation purposes for both emissions andimmunity.

• The number of ECUs for powertrain and infotainment inmodern cars are increasing substantially, while the potentialEMC issues in the vehicles need to be mitigated.

• In FEKO, users can simulate how emissions of ECUs arebeing coupled into other devices, like cables and antennas.


Automotive EMC Simulation During the Vehicle Development Process

• Simulated near fields of the PCB are imported into FEKO as an equivalent source for a high level simulation, which includes an antenna and a cable harness in a car


Cable Coupling Analysis

• Electrical cars are becoming more and more popular

• One of the challenges facing this industry is coupling betweencable bundles which in turn can lead to the interference betweendifferent systems

• EM solvers allows the analysis between a cable carrying highcurrent for the transmission motors and a low power data cable

• EM solvers like FEKO provide:• Cable type and cross section• Cable harnesses and bundles• Arbitrary cable paths• Cable shielding


Wireless Charging for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

• Wireless charging for electric and hybrid cars is a topic of interest today

• For such systems efficiency, distance, standardization and other aspects are now under discussion / development

• FEKO is used for the analysis and design of the antennas in wireless charging systems

• An alternating magnetic flux generated in a transmitter coil will be converted into electric current in a receiver coil

• Different approaches using either magnetic resonance (MR) or magnetic induction (MI)

• Pros and cons for each approach (efficiency, alignment tolerance, etc.)

http://now.avg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/inductive_charging.jpg


Electromagnetic Design in the Automotive Industry

A careful design of all electricaldevices installed in a vehicle iskey to keeping its powerconsumption to a minimum whilemaintaining its performances.

FLUX helps in system simulationto apprehend the behavior ofmachinery including drive &control, for example the fullsystem of a hybrid powertrain.


Design of Energy Efficient Electric Machines

Templates of topologies

Full operation of the machine modeled in 2D, 3D or Skew

Electric circuit & movement of the rotor are considered

Possibility to couple with the drive and control

• To look at the global efficiency of the machine

Advanced models for the evaluation of losses


Flux Coupled to System Simulation for Mechatronic Design

• Electric machine, power converter and control strategy design

• Global design of the power train

• Design of injection systems

• From lumped model extraction to full co-simulation


Sensors for automotive

• Position and speed sensors

• Very accurate modeling

• Advanced motion capabilities

• Used by most automotive sensors designers!


Vibro-Acoustics Analysis

Dedicated context to calculate, visualize and export magnetic forces

Magnetic forces used as sources for vibration analysis

Coupling with Structural tools

Structural & Acoustic response


Summary...

• Typical applications Electromagnetics in the automotive:

• Analyze, Design and Optimize Automotive Antenna and EMC Performance

• Antenna placement analysis and optimisation for GPS receivers, GSM transceiversand collision avoidance radars.

• Simulation of automotive electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emissions and immunitytests including car model and test environment.

• Cable modelling and analysis of coupling between cables, between cables andantennas and other devices.

• System level radiated emissions of electronic control units (ECUs) and couplingeffects in a car environment.

• Radiation hazard analysis to ensure occupant safety with regards to harmful radiation.

• Apprehend the behavior of machinery including drive & control, for example the fullsystem of a hybrid powertrain.

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