electricity: a form of energy - be glad · web viewelectrical wires, above or below ground, then...

Project GLADPuyallup School District

WashingtonELECTRICAL ENERGY IN CIRCUITS

(Grades 4-5)

I. Unit Theme-Electrical Energy: Transfer, Transformation, & Conservation Electrical energy in circuits can be changed to other forms of energy, including light,

heat, sound, mechanical, and potential energy. Cross Cultural Respect/Sensitivity

o Understanding electricity and how people can save or conserve this valuable resource is important for all learners.

o Students will learn that they can help their families understand how to make wise choices about the use of electricity to help future generations.

o Students will understand how people all over the world have created ways to use and transform energy.

o They will learn how others use and save electricity and what efforts are being made across the globe to conserve energy; specifically electricity.

II. Focus & Motivation Big Book Literacy Awards Poems & chants Observation Charts Inquiry Chart Picture Files Exploration Stations (Experiments)

III Closure Jeopardy Game Graffiti Wall Team Task Presentations Student Made Big Books Student Made Chants Home School Connection Chapter Tests Student/Teacher made tests Process all charts, especially inquiry Energy Convention Class Energy Conservation Newsletter and Student Big Book Action Plans

Electrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 1Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

IV Washington State StandardsScience Standards-Physical Science- Electricity/EnergyPS 3A- Energy has many forms, such as heat, light, sound, motion, and electricity. PS3B-Energy can be transferred from one place to another. PS 3C- Heat energy can be generated a number of ways and can move (transfer) from one place to another. Heat energy is transferred from warmer things to colder things. PS 3D-Sound energy can be generated by making things vibrate. PS 3E- Electrical energy in circuits can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion. Electric circuits require a complete loop through conducting materials in which an electric current can pass.

Social Studies Standards- History4.1.1 - Understands and creates timelines to show how historical events are caused by other important events.4.2.3 - Understands how technology and ideas have affected the way people live and change their values, beliefs, and attitudes.

Reading Standards1. The student understands and uses different skills and strategies to read. 1.1 Use word recognition skills and strategies to read and comprehend text.

1.1.4 Apply understanding of phonics. 1.2 Use vocabulary (word meaning) strategies to comprehend text.

1.2.2 Apply vocabulary strategies in grade-level text. 1.3 Build vocabulary through wide reading.

1.3.1 Understand and apply new vocabulary.1.3.2 Understand and apply content/academic vocabulary critical to the meaning of the text.

1.4 Apply word recognition skills and strategies to read fluently.1.4.2 Apply fluency to enhance comprehension.1.4.3 Apply different reading rates to match text.

2. The student understands the meaning of what is read. 2.1 Demonstrate evidence of reading comprehension.

2.1.3 Apply comprehension strategies before, during, and after reading: determine importance using theme, main ideas, and supporting details in grade-level informational/expository text and/or literary/narrative text.2.1.4 Apply comprehension monitoring strategies before, during, and after reading: use prior knowledge/schema.2.1.5 Apply comprehension strategies before, during, and after reading: predict and infer from grade-level informational/expository text and/or literary/narrative text.2.1.6 Apply comprehension monitoring strategies before, during, and after reading: monitor for meaning, create mental images, and generate and answer questions.2.1.7 Apply comprehension strategies during and after reading: summarize grade-level literary/narrative text and informational/expository text.

2.2 Understand and apply knowledge of text components to comprehend text.2.2.1 Understand sequence in informational/expository text and literary/narrative text.2.2.2 Apply knowledge of printed and electronic text features to locate and comprehend text.


2.2.3 Understand story elements.2.2.4 Apply understanding of simple text organizational structures.

2.3 Expand comprehension by analyzing, interpreting, and synthesizing information and ideas in literary and informational text.

2.3.1 Understand and analyze the relationship between and among informational/expository text and literary and informational text.2.3.2 Apply understanding of systems for organizing information.2.3.3 Understand literary/narrative devices.

3. The student read different materials for a variety of purposes. 3.1 Read to learn new information.

3.1.1 Understand how to select and use appropriate resources. 3.2 Read to perform a task.

3.2.1 Understand information gained from reading to perform a specific task. 3.4 Read for literary experience in a variety of genres.

3.4.1 Understand different perspectives of family, friendship, culture, and traditions found in literature.

Writing Standards1. The student understands and uses a writing process. 1.1 Prewrites to generate ideas and plan writing. 1.2 Produces drafts. 1.3 Revises to improve text. 1.4 Edits text. 1.5 Publishes text to share with audience. 1.6 Adjusts writing process as necessary.2. The student writes in a variety of forms for different audiences and purposes. 2.1 Adapts writing for a variety of audiences. 2.2 Writes for different purposes. 2.3 Writes in a variety of forms/genres.3. The student writes clearly and effectively. 3.1 Develops ideas and organizes writing. 3.2 Uses appropriate style. 3.3 Knows and applies writing conventions appropriate for the grade level.4. The student analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of written work. 4.1 Analyzes and evaluates others’ and own writing. 4.2 Sets goals for improvement.

Communication Standards1. The student uses listening and observation skills and strategies to focus attention and interpret information.

1.1 Uses listening and observation skills and strategies to focus attention and interpret information.

1.1.1 Applies a variety of listening strategies to accommodate the listening situation.1.1.2 Applies a variety of listening and observation skills/strategies to recall and interpretinformation.

1.2 Understands, analyzes, synthesizes, or evaluates information from a variety of sources.1.2.1 Applies strategies to comprehend auditory and visual information.

2. The student uses communication skills and strategies to interact/work effectively with others.Electrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 3Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

2.1 Uses language to interact effectively and responsibly in a multicultural context.2.1.1 Analyzes the needs of the audience and situation to adjust language.

2.2 Uses interpersonal skills and strategies in a multicultural context to work collaboratively, solve problems, and perform tasks.

2.2.2 Applies skills to contribute responsibly in a one-to-one conversation or group setting.

2.3 Uses skills and strategies to communicate interculturally.2.3.1 Understands that individuals may have differing opinions, cultural practices, and ways to communicate.2.3.2 Understands cues that aid intercultural communication.

3. The student uses communication skills and strategies to effectively present ideas and one’s self in a variety of situations. 3.1 Uses knowledge of topic/theme, audience, and purpose to plan presentations.

3.1.1 Understands how to plan and organize effective oral communication and presentation.

3.3 Uses effective delivery.3.3.1 Applies skills for delivery of effective oral communication and presentations.

4. The student analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of communication. 4.1 Assesses the effectiveness of one’s own and others’ communication.

4.1.1 Applies established criteria to identify strengths and weaknesses of own communication.4.1.2 Analyzes other’s formal and informal communication using established criteria.

ELD LISTENING/SPEAKING STANDARDS 1. The student uses listening and observation skills and strategies to gain understanding.

1.1 Uses listening and observation skills and strategies to focus attention and interpret information.

1.2 Understands, analyzes, synthesizes, or evaluates information from a variety of sources.2. The student uses communication skills and strategies to interact/work effectively with others. 2.1 Uses language to interact effectively and responsibly in a multicultural context.

2.2 Uses interpersonal skills and strategies in a multicultural context to work collaboratively, solve problems, and perform tasks.2.3 Uses skills and strategies to communicate interculturally.

3. The student uses communication skills and strategies to effectively present ideas and one’s self in a variety of situations. 3.1 Uses knowledge of topic/theme, audience, and purpose to plan presentations. 3.2 Uses media and other resources to support presentations. 3.3 Uses effective delivery.4. The student analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of communication. 4.1 Analyzes effectiveness of one’s own and others’ communication. 4.2 Sets goals for improvement.


V Vocabulary

EnergyChangeConserveGravityMoleculesMatterNonrenewableNuclearPioneerPositionPrimaryRenewableSecondary*TransformationTransferWork

ElectricityAtomsBatteryCellsChargeCircuitCircuit BreakerConductorCurrentElectrodeElectronsElectricianGeneratorHydropowerJoulesKilowattLightning

NegativeNeutronNucleusMagnetismMeterParticlesPhotoelectric cellsPowerPower PlantProtonResistanceShort CircuitStatic ElectricitySteam EngineSwitchTurbineUraniumVoltWatts

HeatCelsiusConductionConvectionEvaporateFahrenheitFrictionGasInfraredLiquidRadiationSolar PowerSteamTemperature

Thermometer

LightAmberAngleArc LightElectromagneticIncandescentInfraredInvisibleLight WavesOpaqueParticleRadiationRayReflectRefractTransparentUltravioletVisibleXray

SoundAbsorbAcousticAmplifyAudibleDecibelEardrumEchoFrequencyPitchReflectSonar

Sound wavesUltrasoundVibration

MotionMechanicalKineticPotential

Cross-ContentCauseCharacteristicClassifyConclusionConstructDataDemonstrateDesignEffectEvaluateFactIdeaInferMeasureModelObservationPredictProblemPurposeResultSequenceSynthesizeVariable


Resources

Non-FictionBailey, Jacqui. How Do We Use Electricity North Mankato Minnesota: Smart Apple Media, 2005Berger, Melvin. Switch On, Switch Off New York: Harper & Row, 1989.Birch, Beverley & Corfield, Robin B. Benjamin Franklin’s Adventures with Electricity Forest House, 1995."Future Power." Odyssey, Adventures in Science April 2004: 6-39.Gibson, Gary. Understanding Electricity Brookfield Connecticut: Cooper Beech Books, 1995.Hewitt, Sally. Why Can't I...Jump Up to the Moon? and other questions about energy. Minnesota: Thameside Press, 2002. Hooper, Tony. Electricity Austin, Texas: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1994.Javna, John, et al - 50 Simple Things Kids Can Do to Save the EarthParker, Steve. Electricity, Eyewitness Science. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 1992. Royston, Angela. Using Electricity. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2002.Stille, Darlene R. Simply Science Electricity. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Compass Point Books, 2001.Tomecek, Stephen M. Understanding Electricity. San Francisco: National Geographic, 2002. Tomecek , Stephen M.. Matter, Matter Everywhere. San Francisco: National Geographic, 2002.Venezia, Mike. Thomas Edison, Inventor with a Lot of Bright Ideas. New York: Scholastic, 2009. Whyman, Kathryn. Electricity and Magnetism, Science World. Minnesota: Aladdin, 2005.Williams, Brain. The Explosion Zone-Faraday Pioneer of Electricity. New York: Barron’s, 2003.

FictionBang, Molly. My Light New York: The Blue Sky Press, 2004.Brown, Don. A Wizard from the Start New York: Houghton Mifflin Books, 2010.Collins, Suzanne & Lester, Mike. When Charlie McButton Lost Power. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 2005.

Realia & Materials for Electricity Explorations (STC Electricity Kit)Battery HolderBrass paper fastener washerBulb SocketD-cell BatteryFahnestock ClipMiniature bulbHousehold 60 watt bulbModeling ClayBrass Paper FastenerConductor/Insulator Kit: golf tee, soda straw, brass screw, paper clip, aluminum screening, plastic screening, chalk, wooden pencil stub with lead, brass paper fastener, wire nail, aluminum nail, marble, pipe cleaners, copper wire, aluminum wireNeedle nose pliersPaper Clip#22 coated hook up wireNichrome wireMasking tapeScrewdriverSimple diodeStorage or hidden circuit boxSwitchWire CutterElectrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 6Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

Wire Stripper

Bibliographyhttp://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aacarselectrica.htm http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blwaterheater.htm http://www.tvakids.com/electricity/consevation.htmhttp://www.ncgreenpower.org/conservation/for-kids.htmlhttp://www.save-money-with-alternative-energy.com/energy-conservation-for-kids.htmlhttp://www.historyforkids.org/scienceforkids/physics/electricityhttp://edtech.kennesaw.edu/web/electric.htmlhttp://eats.ecsd.net/curricular/wequest/electricity/http://new.discovery.com/electricity/ Berger, Melvin. Switch On, Switch Off New York: Harper & Row, 1989.Great Source Education Group, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company. Sciencesaurus, A Student Handbook Copyright 2005Tomecek, Stephen M. Understanding Electricity. San Francisco: National Geographic, 2002. Tomecek , Stephen M.. Matter, Matter Everywhere. San Francisco: National Geographic, 2002.Venezia, Mike. Thomas Edison, Inventor with a Lot of Bright Ideas. New York: Scholastic, 2009. Whyman, Kathryn. Electricity and Magnetism, Science World. Minnesota: Aladdin, 2005.Williams, Brain. The Explosion Zone-Faraday Pioneer of Electricity. New York: Barron’s, 2003.


http://new.discovery.com/electricity/

http://eats.ecsd.net/curricular/wequest/electricity/

http://edtech.kennesaw.edu/web/electric.html

http://www.historyforkids.org/scienceforkids/physics/electricity

http://www.save-money-with-alternative-energy.com/energy-conservation-for-kids.html

http://www.ncgreenpower.org/conservation/for-kids.html

http://www.tvakids.com/electricity/consevation.htm

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blwaterheater.htm%206/30/10

http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aacarselectrica.htm%206/30/10

Project GLADUNIT PLANNING PAGES

Electrical Energy in Circuits: Grade 5

I. FOCUS/MOTIVATION Cognitive Content Dictionary with Signal Word Inquiry chart: What do you already know about electricity? What do you wonder about

electricity? Literacy: Super Electrician Awards Observation Chart Important Book About Electricity Conservation Big Book Realia (Flashlight, light bulbs, filament, clip, copper wires, D-Cell Batteries) Picture File Cards

II. INPUT Pictorial Input- Electricity transforming to Light Energy Comparative Input Chart- Parallel & Series Circuits Graphic Organizer- Timeline - History of electricity inventions Narrative Input- A Wizard from the Start: The Boyhood of Thomas Edison Read Aloud: When Charlie McButton Lost Power 10-2 lecture with Primary Language

III. GUIDED ORAL PRACTICE T-graph for Social Skills/Team Points Picture files-observe, classify, categorize Exploration Reports Poetry/Chants

- Electrician Here There- Electric Slide- Electrician Bugaloo- Types of Energy Cadence- Energy Sound Off- Potential & Kinetic Energy Yes Ma’am- Energy and Me- Take me Out to the Power Plant- The Other Day I made a Light

Sentence Patterning Chant Expert Groups- Electricity Transformations to other Energy Forms Process Grid Team Tasks Personal Interaction

UNIT PLANNING PAGES cont.IV. READING/WRITING

A. Whole Group ActivitiesElectrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 8Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

Listen and Sketch- Electric Fish Cooperative Strip Paragraph Poetry Frame and Flip Chant Narrative Story Map Found Poetry-When Charlie McButton Lost Power Poetry Frame DRTA

B. Small Group Ear-to-ear reading Expert Groups Team tasks Flexible group reading – leveled

o ELD Group Frameo Cooperative Reading Paragraph w/ struggling & emergent readerso Clunkers and Links with SQ3R

C. Individual Learning logs Interactive journals Personal response Personal narrative- How I Can Conserve Electricity Expository: Path of Electricity Focused Reading- Personal Content Dictionary Individual tasks- (all team tasks) Home/School connections

D. Writer’s Workshop Mini-lesson Writing Drafting Revising Editing Conferences Author’s Chair Publishing


V. EXTENSIONS/ACTIVITIES FOR INTERGRATION Electricity Experiments- STC Kit Write a letter to the editor or political leader Math: Graphs of Energy Use overtime, Energy resources Public Service Announcement Commercials Personal Conservation Log Guest Speaker: Electrician Art

IV. CLOSURE/EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT Jeopardy Game Graffiti Wall Team Task Presentations Student Made Big Books Student Made Chants Home School Connection Chapter Tests Student/Teacher made tests Process all charts, especially inquiry Energy Convention Class Energy Conservation Newsletter and Student Big Book Action Plans


Project GLADSAMPLE DAILY LESSON PLAN

Electrical Energy in Circuits: Grade 5

DAY 1: (approximately 1 week-1 ½ weeks)FOCUS/MOTIVATION

Literacy Award, Super Scientist award / 3 Personal Standards Cognitive Content Dictionary - Signal Word Observation Charts Inquiry Chart Big Book- The Important Book About Electricity Portfolios

INPUT Graphic Organizer- Electricity Inventions Timeline

-10/2 w/ primary language-Learning Logs-ELD Review

Pictorial Input- Transformation of Electricity to Light Energy-10/2 w/ primary language-Learning Logs- Write and sketch about items that use electricity-ELD Review

GUIDED ORAL PRACTICE Poetry/Chant T-graph for Social Skills-Team points Picture file sort

-Free Exploration -Classify/categorize

Exploration Report

INPUT Narrative Input- A Wizard from the Start: The Boyhood of Thomas Edison

-Learning Log Read Aloud

READING/WRITING Writer’s Workshop

-Mini-lesson: Different genres -Model planning and sharing -Writing Choices -Author’s Chair

Flexible Groups: homogenous and heterogeneous

CLOSURE Process poetry & chants Home/School Connection Process charts


Italics represent strategies done daily or almost daily

SAMPLE DAILY LESSON PLAN cont.

DAY 2:

FOCUS/MOTIVATION Cognitive Content Dictionary – Signal Word Review Home/School Connection Literacy Awards & 3 Personal Standards Review Input Charts with Word Cards & Picture File Cards Review Narrative Input with words cards and conversation bubbles Review Graphic Organizer with word cards Big Book – Conservation Big Book Process poetry, highlight, sketch, add picture file cards

INPUT Comparative Input- Parallel & Series Circuits

-10/2 with Primary Language-Learning Logs-ELD Review

GUIDED ORAL PRACTICE Poetry, Chants

READING/WRITING T-Graph processing Flexible Groups

-Expert Groups -Team Tasks

Strip Book Interactive Journal Writing Writer’s Workshop

CLOSURE Process Inquiry Chart Poetry/Chants Home/School Connection



DAY 3:

FOCUS/MOTIVATION Cognitive Content Dictionary- Signal Word Review Home/School Connection Literacy Awards & 3 Personal Standards Big Book Review Process Poetry/Chants- Highlight, Sketch, add Picture file cards Review Input Charts with word cards and Picture File Cards Read Aloud- When Charlie McButton Lost Power Personal Interaction- What can I do to conserve electricity?

GUIDED ORAL PRACTICE Poetry & Chants Sentence Patterning Chart (SPC)

o Reading & Trading Gameso Flip Chant

READING/WRITING Flexible Reading Groups Team Tasks

o Oral team evaluation from T-graph Expert Groups

o Team Points

GUIDED ORAL PRACTICE Mind Map Process Grid

READING/WRITING Cooperative Strip Paragraph -respond

-revise-edit

Writer’s Workshop-Mini-lesson-Write-Author’s Chair

CLOSURE Process Inquiry Chart Journals Poetry/Chants Home/School Connection



DAY 4:

FOCUS/MOTIVATION Cognitive Content Dictionary- Signal Word & Stumper word Review Home/School Connection Literacy Awards & 3 Personal Standards Process Poetry-highlight, sketch, add picture file cards Read Aloud: My Light by Molly Bang Story Map of Narrative

READING/WRITING Flexible Group Reading

-Clunkers and Links-Group Frame/ELL Story Retell (Narrative)

o T-Graph Processingo Team Tasks

-Team Presentations Listen and Sketch Poetry Frame Writer’s Workshop

o Mini-lessono Writeo Author’s Chair

CLOSURE Process Inquiry Interactive Journals Turn in Learning Logs for assessment Student made Big Books & Chants



DAY 5:

FOCUS/MOTIVATION Cognitive Content Dictionary- Stumper Word Process Home-School Connection Literacy Awards & 3 Personal Standards Process Chants/Poetry, highlight, sketch, add picture file cards

READING/WRITING Process T-Graph Flexible Group Reading Cooperative Strip Paragraph

o Team Tasks: Evaluation and Presentation Focused Reading-Personal Cognitive Content Dictionary Ear-to-Ear reading with Poetry Booklet Found Poetry- When Charlie McButton Lost Power Writer’s Workshop Input Introduce Social Action Plan

o Team Presentations

CLOSURE Presentations/publishing Read the Walls Letter Home Process Inquiry Chart Graffiti Wall Student-made tests Chapter Tests Jeopardy Game Individual Action Plan Process Week- What have you learned?



Super Electricia

n AwardSuper

Electrician

Award


ELECTRICIAN AWARD

On the back of this award list all the signal words that go with this picture.

ELECTRICIAN AWARD

On the back of this award explain what to do if the system in this picture will not allow the light to glow, what could you check?

SUPER ELECTRICIAN

AWARD


SUPER ELECTRICIAN

AWARD

Big Book: The Important Book about EnergyBy: Rachel Bailey

The important thing about electricity is that it is created to be used by people. It travels in circuits and can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion.

Electricity is a form of energy that is produced when electrons move from one place to another.

Atoms are made up of electrons (which have a negative charge), protons (which have a positive charge), and neutrons (which have no charge).

The forces of attraction and repulsion make electrons move away from areas with negative charges and move toward areas with positive charges. This movement of electrons is electricity.



Electricity flows to people’s homes and businesses through a process called transmission. Power plants create electricity from natural resources such as coal, water, and chemicals. A generator turns those resources into electricity and sends it through a wire to a

transformer. Transmission lines carry the electric current from the power plant to where it is needed. A

second set of wires carries the current back to the generator. These wires are in place because electric current travels in a closed circuit.



Electricity flows from power plants to communities through transmission lines. Step down transformers lower the voltage from the transmission lines making it usable

for people in their homes. Electrical wires, above or below ground, then carry the reduced voltage current through a

meter that measure the amount of electricity you will use. The electricity is stored in the wires inside walls of your home waiting to be used when people plug items in to the wall sockets.



Materials that allow electricity to move through them easily are called conductors. Conductors are used to move electrons from one place to another. Copper is a good conductor of electricity, that’s why most electrical wires are made of copper.

Materials that resist the flow of electricity are called insulators. Rubber and plastic are insulators and are used to cover the copper wires. Covering the wires with insulators is safer because people won’t receive electric shocks when they touch the wires.




An electric circuit is a pathway that electrons flow through. The wires carrying electricity from the power plants to your home are an example of an

electric circuit or pathway. A Nintendo DS or Wii remote is also a good example of an electric circuit. When the game is turned on, electrons flow through the battery to the game and then

back to the other end of the batteries. The circuit is a complete loop and is called a series circuit.



Electricity in a circuit can be changed into light energy. A cord bringing power to a lamp transforms electricity to light. Electrons flow through a battery producing electric energy that powers a light when a

flashlight switch is turned on; this is an example of a complete circuit.The important thing about electricity is that it is created to be used by people. It travels in circuits and can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion.


Electricity in a circuit can be changed into heat energy. An Electric blanket transforms electricity to heat. A power cord brings electricity from the wall socket in your home to an electric heater

that warms a room.The important thing about electricity is that it is created to be used by people. It travels in circuits and can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion.


Electricity in a circuit can be changed into sound energy. An electric guitar transforms electricity to sound. A TV uses electricity to produce sound that is projected out of the speakers.



Electricity in a circuit can be changed into kinetic or mechanical energy. An electric car transforms electricity to movement when the car begins to drive. A treadmill belt transforms electricity powering the machine to motion when the belt

begins to move.The important thing about electricity is that it is created to be used by people. It travels in circuits and can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion.



Electricity in a circuit can be changed into potential (stored) energy. Electricity entering your house is transformed to potential energy while it waits in wall

socket. Electrical energy transforms electricity flowing from a power cord into your battery

charger that can power any rechargeable battery. The important thing about electricity is that it is created to be used by people. It travels in circuits and can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion.


Electricity is the movement of electrons. Electricity is produced at power plants and brought to our homes and businesses by the

process of transmission. Electricity flows through conductors but will not pass easily through insulators. Electricity can be transformed to several other forms of energy and used in our everyday

life. The important thing about electricity is that it is created to be used by people. It travels in circuits and can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion.


Conservation Big BookBy: Jessy Johnson

Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Many power plants burn fossil fuels to make electricity. Fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal are being used up quickly, and one day they will be

gone. You can help save fossil fuels Doing little things to conserve electricity can make a big difference.

Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet?

Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Technology has created the compact fluorescent light bulb (CFL) which uses 50% - 75%

less electricity to produce the same amount of light as an incandescent bulb. This light bulb last 8 to 10 times longer. Turn off the lights when you are not using them to help conserve electricity.

Did you know that by conserving electricity, you can help save our planet?

Did you know that by conserving electricity, you can help save our planet? Use rechargeable batteries to power your belongings. Look for items with solar powered batteries which are recharged by the sun. Turn off your equipment when you are not using it.

Did you know that by conserving electrical energy you can help save our planet?

Did you know that by conserving electrical energy you can help save our planet? If your water heater is over 10 years old you may consider replacing it because it operates

50% less efficiently. Use a "water heater blanket" to insulate the water heater and keep the heat from escaping

into the room. Lower the thermostat to 120 degrees. This still gives you plenty of hot water and it keeps

you safe from burns. Take showers instead of baths because they use less water.

Did you know that by conserving electrical energy you can help save our planet?

Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Keep these tips in mind when using electronics such as computers, stereo and televisions: Use a power strip with an on/off switch to help conserve electricity. Look for the ENERGY STAR label when you buy. These items consume much less

energy and may give you a discount. Look for models that include a "standby" or "sleep" mode. Turn electronics off when you are not using them to avoid wasting electricity.


Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Keep the refrigerator temperature at 37-40 degrees F, and the freezer at 0-5 degrees F


To check if your refrigerator door is tight, close the door on a dollar bill. If it pulls out easily, the gasket may need to be replaced.

Don't overcrowd food items. Leave room for air to circulate. Shut the refrigerator and freezer doors immediately after use.


Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Wait until the dishwasher is full before running it. Use shorter or lighter wash cycles when you can. Open the door at the end of the cycle to air dry rather than use the heated dryer.


Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Turn down the thermostat into the low 60s or mid-50s at night. Instead of turning up the heat too much, try using blankets and sweatshirts to keep warm

in the winter. Close doors to empty rooms to save on heating and air-conditioning.


Did you know that by conserving electricity you can help save our planet? Many power plants burn fossil fuels to make electricity. Fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal are being used up quickly, and one day they will be

gone. You can help save fossil fuels. Doing little things to conserve electricity can make a big difference.



Graphic OrganizerEnergy Historical Timeline

By: Stephanie Wall

1752: Ben Franklin discovered that static electricity and lightning are the same. He invented the lightning rod.

1800: Alessandro Volta invented a unit of measurement for electrical potential in a battery; volt.

1821: Michael Faraday invented the electric motor.

1830: Robert Anderson invented the first electric car.

1868: Maughan invented the first instant water heater.

1879: Thomas Edison invented the first electric light bulb.

1878: In England children are taught that Joseph Wilson Swan is the true inventor of the light bulb.

1882: Edison invented the first electric heater.

1889: Edwin Ruud invented the automatic storage water heater.

1896: Guglielmo Marconi discovered radio waves.

1976: Ed Hammer invented CFL bulbs for General Electric.

1997: First commercial hybrid car was manufactured in Japan; the Toyota Prius.

2005: The federal Energy Policy Act was instated, gives consumers tax breaks for using energy efficient products.


Energy Historical Timeline Talking PointsBy: Stephanie Wall

1752, Ben Franklin: Ben Franklin was fascinated by storms. He observed that there were many similarities between electricity and lightning, such as the color of the light, its crooked direction, and cracking noise. In 1752, he used a metal key attached to a kite. At the first sign of the key receiving an electrical charge from the lightning, he knew that it was a form of energy. He began to think of ways to protect people from lightning and developed the lightning rod; an iron rod about 8-10 feet long with a pointed end. The electrical fire would be drawn out of the cloud before it could come close enough to strike. Franklin’s lightning rods could soon be found on many homes.

1800, Alessandro Volta: Italian physicist who invented the electrical battery. In science and technology, a battery is a device that stores energy and makes it available in an electrical form. A battery converts chemical energy into electric energy. He invented a unit of measurement for electrical potential and named it after himself; the Volt.

1821, Michael Faraday: English chemist and physicist who invented the electric motor. Born in 1791 to a poor family in London, Michael Faraday was extremely curious, questioning everything. He felt an urgent need to know more. At age 13, he became an errand boy for a bookbinding shop in London. He read every book that he bound, and decided that one day he would write a book of his own. He became interested in the concept of energy, specifically force. Because of his early reading and experiments with the idea of force, he was able to make important discoveries in electricity later in life. He eventually became a chemist and physicist.

1830, Robert Anderson: Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain), Robert Anderson of Scotland invented a crude non-rechargeable electric-powered carriage.

1868, Benjamin Maughan: Englishman Benjamin Maughan invented the first instant water heater called "The Geyser", a device where the water was heated as it flowed into the bath. It was known to be quite dangerous.

1879, Thomas Edison: American inventor, scientist, and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world. The light bulb, in particular, profoundly changed human existence by illuminating the night and making it hospitable to a wide range of human activity. The electric light is one of the everyday conveniences that most affects our lives. He was neither the first nor the only person trying to invent an incandescent light bulb.

1878, Joseph Wilson Swan: A British physicist and chemist, most famous for the invention of the incandescent light bulb for which he received the first patent in 1878. His house (in Gateshead, England) was the first in the world to be lit by a light bulb.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateshead

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulb

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemist

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicist

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom

1882, Edison: Before the invention of the electric heater, families had to burn wood to stay warm. The early electric heaters were small metal boxes that held long bulbs. The bulbs produced a comforting warm glow and heat.

1889, Edwin Ruud: Maughn's invention influenced the designs of a Norwegian mechanical engineer by the name of Edwin Ruud, who immigrated to Pittsburg. Ruud who invented the electric water heater (automatic storage) in 1889, founded the Ruud Manufacturing Company, which is still in operation today, and pioneered the advancement of them, in both the residential and commercial market.

1896, Guglielmo Marconi: Guglielmo Marconi discovered radio waves- electromagnetic waves that have the capacity to transmit music, speech, pictures and other data invisibly through the air. Many devices work by using electromagnetic waves including the radio.

1976, Ed Hammer: Invented the CFL bulb in 1976. Because of the cost to make, companies did not start marketing and selling this bulb until 1995. Household CFLs operate on 13 to 25 watts of energy, far less than 60- to 100-watt incandescent bulbs, and thus have become a favorite with consumers trying to curb energy costs. The bulbs also last far longer than standard incandescent bulbs. Although the bulbs contain mercury and thus aren't supposed to be thrown away with the regular trash, sales are climbing. Many states have the goal to phase out incandescent bulbs in the next several years.

1997, Toyota Prius: Hybrid vehicles such as the Prius utilize both a traditional gas motor and an electric motor. These two engines share the load of work, thereby reducing the amount of gasoline-powered energy required to move the car. Thanks to power split technology, the two engines can power the vehicle by themselves, or in tandem as necessary. This results in very efficient gas mileage. 48-53 miles per gallon.

2005, federal Energy Policy Act: An attempt to combat growing energy problems. Individuals can make energy-conscious purchases that will provide tax benefits when filling out their tax returns next year. The new law provides tax credits for making your principal residence, which must be in the United States, more energy efficient and for buying certain energy efficient items. At the same time the law provides credits for various types of alternative motor vehicles, including hybrids.


http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5502112_prius-work.html

http://news.cnet.com/Will-the-feds-phase-out-traditional-lightbulbs/2100-11392_3-6182148.html

Light Energy Background Information

Electrical Energy TransformationsElectrical energy in a circuit can change, or transform, into light energy. One example is that in the process of electricity electrons flow through a battery producing electric energy that powers a light when a flashlight switch is turned on; this is an example of a complete circuit. Another example is when a cord brings power to a lamp and transforms electricity to light.

InventionsThomas Edison improved on the development of electric lighting. Edison invented the first light that was practical for home use. This electric light bulb used lower current electricity & a carbonized filament. Edison had to invent the right kind of filament, the parallel circuit, a durable light bulb, a conductor network, light sockets with on-off switches as well as other important elements in order to produce the first practical light bulb.

SafetyWhen dealing with light fixtures in your house it is important to use bulbs that have the correct wattage requirements for each light. Always screw bulbs in tightly; a loose bulb can cause sparks or shorts. Be sure to unplug or turn off a fixture completely before changing light bulbs. Always use gloves to protect your skin from a hot bulb which could leave severe burns or from a broken bulb which could have sharp glass and could cut your skin. When using smaller bulbs during an experiment, be careful. Do not leave bulbs near the edge of your desk where they can roll off, if a bulb is cracked or breaks take it to the teacher who will dispose of it safely.ConservationThe best way to conserve electricity and light energy is to turn off the lights when you are not using the light. One way to do this is to use a timer which will automatically turn your light on and off at a specific time. Another way to conserve light energy is to use compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFL) which uses 50% - 75% less electricity to produce the same amount of light as an incandescent bulb. This light bulb last 8 to 10 times longer than a normal bulb and can save your family money. Energy-efficient light bulbs don't just save the environment and your wallet. They also prevent your house from becoming an oven (especially in the summer) by reducing heat emissions. The average energy-saving bulb emits 70% less heat than the incandescent kind.

Interesting FactsLight bulbs are the most common electrical fixture in homes. In England children are taught that Joseph Wilson Swan is the true inventor of the light bulb. He patented a way to bring a filament to a white-hot state without causing a fire at least one year ahead of Edison (in 1878).


http://www.infodingo.com/household-products/lightbulbs/government-regulations/the-environment.aspx?atext=save+the+environment

Pictorial- Path of Electricityby: Rachel Bailey


Comparative Input Chartby: Jessy Johnson


Narrative Input ChartA Wizard from the Start: The Boyhood of Thomas Edison

By: Jessy Johnson

Adapted from: A Wizard from the Start: The Incredible Boyhood and Amazing Inventions of Thomas Edison by Don Brown Houghton Mifflin 2010

In 1855, eight-year-old Tom Edison needed only to climb the tower next to his Port Huron, Michigan, home for the answer. The tower was the bright idea of his father, Samuel, who charged the curious twenty-five cents for a bird’s eye view.

Edison’s tower earned Samuel a bit of local fame, but it didn’t make the family rich. Neither did Samuel’s lumber business, or his grain or grocery business.

Young Tom pitched in and helped plant the family garden. At harvest, he and his father loaded a horse and wagon with vegetables and sold them from door to door.

Thomas Edison was a wizard indeed. Thanks to him we have what we need. His success was made possible by his boundless energy. His inventions transformed the world for you and for me! (pg.1)

“My mother taught me to read good books quickly and correctly, and…this opened up a great world of literature,” Tom said.

He read books on history, mechanics, chemistry, and electricity. They inspired him to make a laboratory in the Edison’s cellar. With a pal, he experimented with acids and chemicals.

Poor Mrs. Edison worried that they would “blow [their] heads off.” Thomas Edison was a wizard indeed. Thanks to him we have what we need. His success was made possible by his boundless energy. His inventions transformed the world for you and for me! (pg.2)

At twelve, Tom became a railroad “news butch”, and rode the train back and forth to Detroit, selling newspapers, magazines, candy, and cigars to the commuters. He worked fourteen hours and day, and his business grew.


But Tom still found time on the train for chemistry experiments in the baggage car. After one experiment started a fire, an angry railroad worker boxed Tom’s ears.Thomas Edison was a wizard indeed. Thanks to him we have what we need. His success was made possible by his boundless energy. His inventions transformed the world for you and for me! (pg.4)

Curious Tom also scavenged discarded equipment from Detroit’s newspaper’s print shop and used it to write and print his own newspaper on the train, The Herald. He charged eight cents a month and had several hundred readers.


Tom’s interest in his business began to fade. He discovered it was much more fun hanging around telegraph offices.


There was no telephone yet, and the telegraph offered the fastest way to send messages. Tom longed to be a telegraph operator because he wanted to be admired for his smarts. He haunted telegraph offices and collected bits of knowledge.


He became a terrific operator, but that wasn’t enough of curious Tom. He spent his free time tinkering with the telegraph machines and experimenting with electricity. In 1868, he took a job in Boston, Massachusetts, a city of experimenters and inventors. Excited by what he saw, Tom tried his hand at it, and worked on printing telegraphs, fire alarms, and machines that could transmit pictures.

At twenty-two years old, he invented an electric vote-recording machine to be used by state governments. For it he received his first patent, and official recognition that the machine was the invention of Thomas Alva Edison. However, the machine was a flop. No one wanted it. But…


Vowing to never invent anything that wouldn’t sell, Tom decided to find out what the world needed, then “go ahead and invent it.”

From his laboratory came improved telegraphs, an electric storage battery, the phonograph, and motion pictures cameras, just to name a few.

Then, in 1879, Thomas Edison improved the invention of the electric light bulb. No longer would flickering candles or the wicks of whale oil and gas lamps light the world by fire. Instead, “the little globe of sunshine” would brighten people’s lives.


Clever Tom, energetic Tom, brave Tom, hard-working Tom, curious Tom transformed the world forever with his inventions. His vision proved more remarkable than the view from any tower-with it, he could see… the future.

Speaking of the 1,093 patents he earned in his life, Tom said, “I never did a day’s work in my life. It was all fun.”


Poetry BookletElectrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 33Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

Electricity

Name: Date:


Inventors Here There

Inventors here, inventors thereInventors, inventors everywhere

Precise inventors observe carefullyHelpful inventors construct thoughtfullyExperienced inventors connecting cautiouslyAnd intelligent inventors testing skillfully

Inventors inside their laboratoryInventors between their inventionsInventors around your houseAnd inventors all over the world

Inventors here, inventors thereInventors, inventors everywhere

Inventors! Inventors! Inventors!

By: Jennifer Torgerson


Electric Slide

You can’t see it It’s electric!You gotta use it It’s electric!Ooh, it’s flowin’ It’s electric!

Wheres-it-comin’-from It just ain’t auto-maticStarts with natural resources Its just a form of energy

You gotta know it It’s electric! Boogie woogie, woogie!Now you can’t hold it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogie!But you know it’s there, Yeah here, there, everywhereIts got to move, Its going down the power line

It’s got to move, move, moveAnd from the power plant it goesAre you seeing it with me? Make sure the switch is open not closedAnd I’ll show you, show you, show you, I’ll show how electricity flows

You should preserve it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogieYou can conserve it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogieWe can’t do without it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogie


You gotta know it It’s electric! Boogie woogie, woogie!Now you can’t hold it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogie!But you know it’s there, Yeah here, there, everywhereIts got to move, Its coming down the power line

And I’ll show you, show you, show you, I’ll show how electricity flows

You should preserve it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogieYou can conserve it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogieWe can’t do without it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogie


Don’t wanna lose it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogieSo you better conserve it It’s electric Boogie woogie, woogieElectricity is in here Yeah here there everywhere

Adapted by: Rachel H Bailey


Electrician Bugaloo

I’m an electrician and I’m here to sayI work with electricity in many waysTesting electrical pathways in homes and schoolsWiring new buildings in really cool

Installing, connecting, testing tooDoing the electrician bugaloo!

Sometimes electricians work with blueprintsThey show where to put circuits, outlets and other equipmentTo become an electrician you must pass a testProving you can install systems safely and do your best

Installing, connecting, testing tooDoing the electrician bugaloo!

By: Jessy Johnson


Types of Energy CadenceBy: M. Wattman-Turner

We just know what we’ve been toldThere are many types of energy big and boldHeat, kinetic, electrical, light, sound, potential, and chemical.These types of energy can be found

Sound off: Light and heat Sound off: Motion and sound Sound off 1,2,3,4: Energy!

Light energy travels in a straight line Until it strikes an object just fine. Light can be reflected by a mirror or lens or absorbed by an item that is dense.

Heat energy is produced in many waysBurning, rubbing, or mixing one substance with another. Heat energy flows from warmer objects to cooler onesUntil both reach the same temperature and done.

Electrical energy with electric charges and movements. Circuits provide a means of transferring electrical energy.

Sound energy is produced by making things vibrate. Sound energy is transferred through the air from a source to an observer.

Chemical energy stored in matter.Energy can be released or consumed during a chemical reaction such as: batteries ,food we eat, wood that is burning

Potential or stored energy determined by an object’s position.• An apple waiting to fall• A ball at the top of a ramp• A stretched out rubber band

Kinetic energy of an object which results from its motion.


Energy Sound Off(Marine Cadence)

We just know cause we’ve been toldEnergy’s worth its weight in goldPeople use it everydayIts sources help us work and play

Sound off- ElectricitySound off- LightSound off- 1, 2, 3, 4, Heat and Sound!

Chemical energy’s all aroundSome of it lies undergroundOnce we use it, it is goneIf we don’t conserve, it won’t be long.

Sound off- OilSound off- CoalSound off- 1, 2, 3, 4, Non-renewable!

Other sources do aboundWe just need to look aroundWater, wind, and yes, the SunGenerate energy by the ton.

Sound off- Wind turbinesSound off- HydropowerSound off- 1, 2, 3, 4, Renewable!

-M. Wattman-Turner

Potential and Kinetic Energy Yes, Ma’am


Is this kinetic energy? Yes, ma’am!Is this kinetic energy? Yes, ma’am!Well, how do you know? It’s changing and moving.Well, how do you know? It lets us work.Give me some examples. Heat and light.Give me some examples. Sound and electricity.

Is this kinetic energy? Yes, ma’am!Is this kinetic energy? Yes, ma’am!Well, how do you know? Things are wiggli’n ‘n a jiggli’nWell, how do you know? Things are a happen’nGive me some examples Machines and talkingGive me some examples Lasers and playing

Is this potential energy? Yes, ma’am!Is this potential energy? Yes, ma’am!Well, how do you know? It’s waiting to happen.Well, how do you know? It has stored energy.Give me some examples. Wood and food.Give me some examples. Rubber bands and batteries.

Is this potential energy? Yes, ma’am!Is this potential energy? Yes, ma’am!Well, how do you know? It’s waiting to be used.Well, how do you know? It has stored energy.Give me some examples. Fossil fuels and uraniumGive me some examples. A rock a top a hill.

Now it’s kinetic energy? Yes, ma’am!Now it’s kinetic energy? Yes, ma’am!Well, how do you know? Burning fuel gets moving.Well, how do you know? Gravity pulls it down.Give me some examples. Cars move and fire heats.Give me some examples. A rock falling down.

And are you through? Yes, ma’am!Did you tell me true? Yes, ma’am!What did you chant? Energy!What did you chant? Energy!

-M. Brechtel, adapted by D. Boswell and M. Wattman-Turner


Energy & Me

Potential and Kinetic are types of energywhich is which is easy to seeKinetic is moving, like waves on the shorePotential is the energy that’s stored

CHORUS

Energy and Me I use it every dayEnergy and Me when I work and when I playEnergy and Me it comes in two states, do you get it ?Energy and Me it’s potential or it’s kinetic (look at that thing move)

Potential energy means energy that’s storedlike the snow on the mountain sitting pretty just beforeit melts into a river that makes the turbines turnmaking electricity for lights that help you learn

CHORUS

From many different sources we get our energywe burn fuel, split atoms for electricitywe capture light in solar panels, windmills use the windthe sun is where most our energy begins

Kinetic energy is the energy of motionColliding atoms or currents of the oceanit’s legs pumping pedals, it’s hands pulling handlesit’s wind whipping flags, it’s flame burning candles (oh, its hot!)

By: Billy B. & PLT

Take Me Out to the Power Plant(Sung to “take me out to the ball-game”)


Take me out to the power plant

Take me out to the dam

Watch water make the generator go

From water electrical energy will flow

For its power, power for you & me

It flows from plants down the line

For it on, off, switch goes the light

Electricity yours & mine!

By: Rachel H Bailey


The other day I made a light(sung to “the other day I met a bear)

Teacher/Leader Students

The other day The other dayI made a light I made a lightFrom a battery from a batteryAnd copper wires and copper wires

Sing together

The other day I made a lightFrom a battery and copper wires

I used a clip I used a clipAnd attached a light and attached a lightMy complete circuit my complete circuit Made my filament bright made my filament bright

I used a clip and attached a lightMy complete circuit made my filament bright

Now I have learned Now I have learnedThat electricity that electricityFlows in a path flows in a pathIts energy its energy

Now I have learned that electricityFlows in a path to you and me ITS ENERGEY!

By: Rachel H Bailey


Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit

Home/School Connection #1

Rub your hands together very quickly. What happens? Your hands get warm. You used motion (kinetic/mechanical) energy to make heat energy. Now, with a family member, find a new way to change one form of energy (heat, light, motion, sound) to another. Write and/or sketch below.

Parent Signature: __________________________ Student:________________

Fecha:___________________________


Electricidad Unidaddoméstica a la escuela #1

Frote sus manos muy rápidamente. ¿Qué pasa? Sus manos se calientan. Que utiliza el movimiento (cinética / mecánica) de energía para producir energía térmica. Ahora, con un miembro de la familia, busque una nueva manera de cambiar una forma de energía (calor, luz, movimiento, sonido) a otro forma. Escriba y/o dibuje en el papel.

firma de los padres: ________________________ estudiante:________________


Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit


Anything that plugs in uses electricity. Work together with someone you live with to count how many things in your home are currently plugged in and being powered by electricity.


Fecha:___________________________



Cualquier cosa que se conecta utilize electricidad. Trabaje que con e usar alguien quien vive para contar la cantidad de cosas en su hogar están conectadas a electricidad.

firma de los padres: ________________________ estudiante:________________Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit



Conductors allow electricity to flow through them while insulators do not allow electricity to flow through. Many conductors are metals while most plastics and rubber materials are insulators. With a family member, find examples of conductors and insulators in your home.

Conductors Insulators

Paperclips Rubber Bands

Parent Signature: __________________________ Student:________________Fecha:___________________________



Los conductores deja que la energía corra a través de ellos mientras que los aislantes no permiten la fluya la electricidad. Muchos conductores son metales, mientras que la mayoría de los plásticos y materials de goma son aislantes. Con un miembro de la familia, brusque ejemplos de conductores y aislantes en su casa.

Conductores Aisladores

Su jet a papeles Bandas de goma


Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit



Batteries store electricity that you can carry around. With a family member find items in your home that get electricity from batteries?


Electricidad Unidad

doméstica a la escuela #4

Las baterías almacenan la electricidad que se puede llevar a todas partes. Con un miembro de la familia encuentre los artículos en su casa que obtienen electricidad de las baterías.Electrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 50Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)


Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit


Switches are used to open and close electric circuits. Work together with someone you live with to count how many switches, knobs or buttons (used to open/close a path of electricity) you have in your home.




Interruptores se utilizan para abrir y cerrar circuitos eléctricos. Trabaje con un companero para contar la cantidad de interruptores, perillas o botones (para abrir / cerrar una trayectoria de la electricidad) que tiene en su casa.



Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit


Stay safe! Draw a sketch of your kitchen. Mark the areas where electrical outlets can be found and make a list of safety precautions someone should be aware of before using electrical items in the kitchen.


Safety Precautions


Electricidad unidaddoméstica a la escuela #6

Manténgase a salvo! Dibujar un boceto de su cocina. Marque las áreas donde los enchufes eléctricos se pueden encontrar y haga una lista de precauciones de seguridad que alguien debe conocer antes de utilizar aparatos eléctricos en la cocina.


Las medidas de seguridad


Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit


What are some ways that you can help conserve electricity?



Fecha:___________________________


¿Cuáles son algunas maneras que usted puede ayudar a conservar la electricidad?



Date:___________________________

Electricity Unit


Tell a family member some of the most important things you learned about electricity during the past few weeks. Sketch one of the things you learned below.



Fecha:___________________________


Recomendar a un miembro de la familia algunas de las cosas más importante que aprendió acerca de la electricidad durante las últimas semanas. Dibuje una de las cosas que ha aprendido.


firma de los padres: ________________________ estudiante:_______________


Heat Expert Group

Electrical Energy TransformationsElectrical energy can change, or transform into heat energy. For example, an electric blanket transforms electrical energy to heat energy. Another example of electrical energy transformation is a power cord bringing electricity from the wall socket in your home to an electric heater that warms a room.

InventionsThomas Edison invented the first electric heater using a basic 3-wire system that evolved into today’s central heating systems. In the 1870s, Englishman, Maughan invented the first instant water heater. His invention influenced the designs of Edwin Ruud a Norwegian mechanical engineer was the inventor of the automatic storage water heater in 1889.

SafetyDo not use an electric heater as a dryer by placing clothing over it. Don't place the heater where people might play, trip over, or bump into it. Keep the heater in safe working condition & install and maintain at least one smoke detector on each floor of your home. Also, water heaters should have good ventilation and you should regularly check for leaks to prevent an electrical shock.


ConservationTurn off an electric heater whenever you are not using it or put it on a timer to ensure it is only being used when necessary. If your water heater is over 10 years old you may consider replacing it to a more efficient model. Use a "water heater blanket" to insulate the water heater and keep the heat from escaping into the room. Lower the thermostat to 120 degrees to use less electricity. Take showers instead of baths because they generally use less water.

Interesting FactsThe CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission) found that in 1994, electric space heaters were associated with 2,400 fires resulting 80 deaths, 240 injuries and $48.2 million in property loss.

Sound Expert GroupElectrical Energy Transformations


Sometimes it is necessary for electrical energy to change into another form of energy. For example, an electric guitar transforms electricity to sound. We are heard by others when we talk because of the sound energy we produce. The air molecules vibrate when we talk and the vibrating molecules hit our eardrums, which enable us to hear others. Another example is a TV using electricity to produce sound that is projected out of the speakers.

InventionsGuglielmo Marconi was an Italian inventor, known as the father of long distance radio transmission and for his development of Marconi’s Law and a radio telegraph system. He discovered radio waves- electromagnetic waves that have the capacity to transmit music, speech, pictures and other data invisibly through the air. Many devices work by using electromagnetic waves including the radio.

SafetyNoise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is due to exposure to either a sudden, loud noise or exposure to loud noises for a period of time. A dangerous sound is anything that is 85 dB (sound pressure level) or higher. Parents are able to purchase headphones for their children that limit decibel output.


ConservationYour electronics such as the computer, printer, the television, and stereo systems which produce sound can waste electricity when left on and not in use.Electronics can also "leak" electricity even when they are turned off, depending on how energy efficient they are. Use power strip with an on/off switch to conserve electricity.

Interesting FactsIn the recording studio any stray sound is a nuisance. So the walls, ceilings and floors are covered with sound-absorbing substances, such as wavy-surfaced tiles and thick carpets. The loudest natural sounds ever made on Earth are probably gigantic volcanic eruptions.

Kinetic (Mechanical) Energy Expert Group

Electrical Energy TransformationsElectrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 63Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

Electrical energy can change, or transform into energy of motion. An object that moves because it is being powered by electricity is an example of this transformation. An electric car transforms electricity to movement when the car begins to drive after being charged by batteries or by a cord bringing electricity to the car. Another example of this transformation is a treadmill belt that begins to move when electricity powers the machine. This movement is considered energy of motion, mechanical energy or kinetic energy.

InventionsScotsman Robert Anderson invented the first electric car in the 1830s. A small-scale electric car was designed by Professor Stratingh in Holland in 1835. More successful electric road vehicles were invented by both American Thomas Davenport and Scotsmen Robert Davidson around 1842 which used non-rechargeable electric cells. Larger and a more improved storage battery resulted in more electric cars in the future. However, electric cars didn’t reach the general public until recently because buyers had a desire for longer distance vehicles with more horsepower. Also the availability of gasoline after the 1920s made gas powered cars more sensible then electric. Today, with the recent concern for the environment and global warming issues people are more interested in buying hybrid, or electric cars.

SafetyIf you or someone you know owns a hybrid or electric car there are some special safety precautions to take. The electric motor in a hybrid needs electricity to work; the power source in an electric vehicle is delivered through the battery bank. To charge the battery make sure the charger is turned off before connecting to battery terminals. Charge the battery at a specific time


and rate. Replace bad batteries and never touch a corroded battery unless you have protective clothing.

ConservationHybrid cars have both a traditional gas engine and an electric motor, which increases gas mileage, saving the owner money. Using less gas helps the environment because petroleum (gas) is a non-renewable resource. Drilling oil has negative effects on the environment. Recently a major oil leak in the Pacific Ocean killed large amounts of sea life. Many hybrids also significantly decrease the emission of greenhouse gases which trap heat and cause global warming.

Interesting FactsAn interesting fact about electric cars is that they make almost no noise when the engines are running. Automakers and advocates for the blind have agreed to make electric and hybrid cars louder because the silent cars endanger sight-impaired and distracted pedestrians. The first commercial hybrid car was Toyota Prius which was manufactured in Japan in 1997. The United States government offers a tax rebate, or money, for people who are using hybrid cars as a way to encourage more people to considering buying hybrids.


Stored (Potential) Energy Expert Group

Electrical Energy TransformationsElectrical energy can change, or transform into potential or stored energy while it waits to be used. Electricity entering your house from power lines or underground power sources is transformed to potential energy while it waits in wall socket to be used by common household electronics. Another way this transformation happens is when electrical energy transforms electricity flowing from a power cord into your battery charger that can power any rechargeable battery. Once the batteries are charged they are able to power electronics like remote controls, Wii & Xbox controllers, and cell phones.

InventionsAlessandro Volta an Italian physicist, is known for his pioneering work in electricity especially with batteries. A battery is a device that stores energy and makes it available in an electrical form. A battery converts chemical energy into electric energy and stores it until the battery is used. It is a connected bunch (or “battery”) of electro-chemical devices. Alessandro Volta invented a unit of measurement for the electrical potential in a battery and named it after himself: volt.

SafetyDue to the chemical energy stored in a battery you should know some basic precautions before using batteries. Keep batteries in original packaging. Do not crush, puncture or put a high degree Electrical Energy in Circuits, Level 4/5, WA 66Rachel Bailey, Jessy Johnson, Jennifer Torgerson, Synnove Turner, & Stephanie Wall - Project G.L.A.D (March 2012)

of pressure on the battery it could cause an internal short-circuit or overheat. Never lick or put a battery in your mouth. Batteries contain powerful alkaline corrosives that can cause severe burns if they leak inside the body. Never cut or try to open a battery. Batteries contain harmful chemicals like lithium and manganese dioxide which cause severe burns.

ConservationBatteries can be a cost-effective alternative to using traditional energy sources in your home or office. To get the most out of your batteries, you'll need to take steps to conserve their power whenever possible. Save money and natural resources by investing in rechargeable batteries and using a charger to give new life to spent batteries. This can be a simple, cost-effective way to limit the amount of batteries in landfills. Completely drain rechargeable batteries before attaching them to a battery charger. By charging batteries that aren't spent, you may diminish the batteries' life.

Read more: How to Conserve Battery Power | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_2163915_conserve-battery-power.html#ixzz0vYlCA4HX

Interesting FactsThe first rechargeable battery has been around since 1859, when French physicist Gaston Plante invented the lead acid cell. All batteries, including rechargeables, eventually die. This is because the chemicals inside the battery degrade over time and with usage. One NiCad mobile phone battery is enough to pollute 600,000 liters of water or an Olympic size swimming pool.


http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery4.htm

http://www.ehow.com/how_2163915_conserve-battery-power.html#ixzz0vYlCA4HX

http://www.ehow.com/how_2163915_conserve-battery-power.html#ixzz0vYlCA4HX

Mind Map


Type of Energy

Conservations

Safety

Inventions

Transformations

Interesting facts

Process Grid

Electrical Energy Transformations

Invention Safety Conservation Interesting Facts

Light 1. A cord bringing power to a lamp transforms electricity to light.

2. Electrons flow through a battery to power a light when a flashlight switch is turned on.

Thomas Edison improved development of electric lighting. Edison invented the first light that was practical for home use. Edison had to invent many important elements in order to produce the first practical light bulb.

Use bulbs that have the correct wattage requirements for each light. Always screw bulbs in tightly. Be sure to unplug or turn off a fixture completely before changing light bulbs, & wear gloves.

The compact fluorescent light bulb (CFL) uses 50% - 75% less electricity than an incandescent bulb. This light bulb last 8 to 10 times longer so it saves money.Turn off the lights when you are not using them.

Light bulbs are the most common electrical fixture in homes.In England children learn that Joseph Wilson Swan is the true inventor of the light bulb.

Heat 1. An Electric blanket transforms electricity to heat.

2. A power cord brings electricity from the wall socket in your home to an electric heater that warms a room.

Thomas Edison invented the first electric heater. Maughan invented the first instant water heater. Edwin Ruud invented the automatic storage water heater.

Don’t use an electric heater as a dryer bump into it. Keep the heater working condition Install smoke detectors Water heaters-good ventilation, and check for leaks

Turn off an electric heater when not using. Replace water heaters older than 10 year to a more efficient model. Use a "water heater blanket." Lower the thermostat to 120 degrees. Showers instead of baths.

The CPSC found that in 1994, electric space heaters were associated with 2,400 fires resulting 80 deaths, 240 injuries and $48.2 million in property loss.

Sound 1. An electric guitar transforms electricity to sound.

2. A TV uses electricity to produce sound that is projected out of the speakers.

Guglielmo Marconi discovered radio waves

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is due to exposure to either a sudden, loud noise or exposure to loud noises for a period of time.

Turn off electronics when you are not using them. Use a powerstrip with an on/off switch.

In a recording studio the walls, ceilings and floors are covered with sound-absorbing substances such a thick carpet. The loudest natural sounds ever made on Earth are probably gigantic volcanic eruptions.

Motion (Moving) Kinetic

1. An electric car transforms electricity to movement when the car begins to drive.

2. A treadmill belt transforms electricity powering the machine to motion when the belt begins to move.

Anderson 1830. Stratingh 1835. Davenport & Davidson 1842. Electric cars were not popularized until recently because of the inexpensive availability of gasoline.

When charging an electric car battery make sure the charger is turned off before connecting to battery terminals. Charge the battery at a specific time and rate. Replace bad batteries. Never touch a corroded battery without protective clothing.

Hybrid cars increase gas mileage and save owners money. Helps environment, gas is a non-renewable resource. Less drilling & oil leaks. Decrease greenhouse gases that cause global warming.

Electric/hybrid cars are silent. Endanger sight-impaired and distracted pedestrians because they make no noise. First commercial hybrid-Toyota Prius. Tax rebate for owners of hybrids.

Motion (Stored) Potential

1. Electricity entering your house is transformed to potential energy while it waits in wall socket.

2. Electricity flowing from a power cord into your battery charger that can power any rechargeable battery.

Alessandro Volta is known for his pioneering work in electricity. Volta invented a unit of measurement for the electrical potential in a battery and named it after himself: volt.

Keep batteries in original packaging. Do not crush, puncture or put pressure on the battery it could cause an internal short-circuit or overheat. Never lick or put a battery in your mouth. Batteries contain alkaline corrosives that can burn the body.

To get the most out of your batteries try to conserve their power whenever possible. Save money and natural resources by investing in rechargeable batteries and using a charger to dead batteries.

First rechargeable battery invented in 1859, by Gaston Plante. All batteries, including rechargeables, eventually die. One NiCad mobile phone battery is enough to pollute 600,000 litres of water or an Olympic size swimming pool.


Clunkers & Links Reading Groups:Make A Living From LightningElectricity In Your BodyElectricians have a Hot JobHere There ChantELD Group Frame- ELL kids read, cut, place, move sentence strips that have Here There Chant pre-written on them then play the missing word game (“I’m thinking of a word.”). Then they can ear to ear read the mini-chant booklet.


electricity: a form of energy - be glad · web viewelectrical wires, above or below ground, then...

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