electrical accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/accessory...wiper motor park switch...

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Electrical Accessories Power accessories are designed many different ways Always use a wiring diagram to figure out how your system is designed Wiring diagram will allow you to decide how and where to test the system

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Page 1: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Electrical Accessories

Power accessories are designed many different ways

Always use a wiring diagram to figure out how your system is designed

Wiring diagram will allow you to decide how and where to test the system

Page 2: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 3: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 4: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Windshield Wipers

• Windshield wipers use an electric motor and linkages called the “transmission” .

• The transmission wiper linkages turn rotary motion to the back and  forth of the wiper blades

Page 5: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 6: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Two speed windshield wipers

• Wiper motors use an off‐set brush for high speed

• Off‐set brush causes the armature to generate less Counter ElectroMotive Force (CEMF) 

• Armature is the spinning part of the motor

• With less CEMF generated, the motor spins faster

Page 7: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

OFF

Page 8: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Low Speed

Page 9: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

High Speed

Page 10: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Low Speed

Page 11: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Two speed windshield wipers

• The windshield wiper switch directs current to the low speed brush, or the off‐set high speed brush

• Directing current to the offset brush will increase the windshield wiper motor speed

Page 12: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Park switchcontrolled

by armature

Page 13: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Wiper Motor Park Switch• The park switch will prevent wiper blades from stopping in the drivers vision when turned OFF 

• The park switch is mechanically moved as indicated by the dotted line connecting the switch to the armature

Page 14: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Park switchcontrolled

by armature

Page 15: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 16: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 17: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 18: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 19: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 20: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Wiper Motor Park Switch• The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only in the park position.  Park position is with wiper blades at the lowest part of the windshield

• When windshield wiper switch is turned OFF the wiper motor will continue to run until the wipers are at the lowest spot on the windshield

Page 21: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

OffOff

Page 22: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Low Speed

Page 23: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Low Speed

Page 24: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

High Speed

Page 25: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

High Speed

Page 26: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

High Speed

Page 27: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Switch OFFWipers UP

(not park)

Page 28: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Switch OFFWipers Down

(Park Position)

Page 29: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 30: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Parking Wiper Blades

• Wiper motor can reverse directions

• Slots in the transmission linkage will pull blades down lower than normal travel when the wiper motor is reversed

• This is done to hide wiper blades from driver view when in Park position

Page 31: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Off Position

Page 32: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

On - Low speed -Top brush is ground

Page 33: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

On - Low speed -Park switch cycles

Page 34: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

On - Low speed -Park switch cycles

Page 35: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

On - Low speed -Park switch cycles

Page 36: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

`

OFFTop Brush Positive

Motor reverses directionWipers will Park in

lower than normal position

Page 37: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 38: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Gauges

• Explore the operation of a bimetallic dash gauge

• As more current flows through bi‐metallic gauge it heats up and bends to show…… high pressure (oil pressure gauge)… high temperature (engine temperature gauge)… full gas tank (fuel gauge)

Page 39: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

COLD – High resistance

Page 40: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

HOT – Low resistance

Page 41: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Gas Tank Sending Unit

Empty – High Resistance

Page 42: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Gas Tank Sending Unit

Full – Low Resistance

Page 43: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Bimetallic Gauges

• As voltage increases what happens to amp flow?

• Many dash gauges use anInstrument Voltage Regulator (IVR)to keep a constant 5 volts to the gauges

Page 44: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 45: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 46: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 47: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Diagnose dash gauges

• Notice if all gauges are out or only one

• Use a test light to ground the sending unit wire

• Test lamp will flash as instrument volt regulator operates

• Do not use this technique with digital dash 

Page 48: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 49: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

If only one gauge is bad, suspect sending unit or wires to the sending unit

Page 50: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

If all gauges are bad, suspect problem common to all gauges(fuse, IVR if used, ground, printed circuit of dash panel)

Page 51: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

If only one gauge is bad, suspect sending unit or wires to the sending unit

Page 52: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

If all gauges are bad, suspect problem common to all gauges(fuse, IVR if used, ground, printed circuit of dash panel)

Page 53: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Gauges with 2 wires will be bi‐metallic sing an instrument voltage regulator.  These show high with more current and 

low with less current.

Gauges with 3 wires will be magnetic.

3 wire magnetic gauges can show high OR low as current increases

Page 54: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

3 wire gauges use two or more coils to form opposing magnetic fields that will move the gauge needle.

Instrument voltage regulator is not needed as changes in system voltage will affect both magnetic coils equally

If all gauges are bad, suspect problem common to all gauges(fuse, IVR if used, ground, printed circuit of dash panel)

Page 55: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Two Coil Magnetic Gauges

If all gauges are bad, suspect problem common to all gauges(fuse, IVR if used, ground, printed circuit of dash panel)

Page 56: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

High resistance in sending unit

Page 57: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 58: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Low resistance in sending unit

Page 59: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Three Coil Magnetic Gauges

Sending unit works Opposite from other gauges

Page 60: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

High resistance in sending unit

Page 61: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 62: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Low resistance in sending unit

Page 63: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Diagnosing Gauges

• Sending unit is most common cause for one gauge to become inoperative

• To confirm a bad sending unit – locate the unit

Page 64: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Diagnosing Gauges

• Gauge should go full travel high or low (depends on style of gauge)

• Ground sending unit wire with test lamp

• Gauge should go to other side of travel

If gauge changes it proves gauge and wires are good and replacing sending unit will fix gauge

Page 65: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Diagnosing Digital Gauges

• Electronic controls can be damaged by grounding sending unit wire

• Use diagnostic charts and scan tool to diagnose digital gauges

• Scan tool can often confirm operation of digital gauges (functional test)

Page 66: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Instrument Clusters

• Use caution when handling printed circuit boards

• Finger prints can cause high resistance and eventual open circuits in printed circuits

Page 67: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Speedometers• Changing tire size will change calibration (cause speedometer to become inaccurate)

• Different size drive gears are available to correct for tire size and differential ratio

• Digital speedometer can be re‐flashed to accept larger or smaller tire diameter

• Tires other than stock sizes can cause problems with transmission and brake controllers

Page 68: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Optional Type Accessories

• Heated Windshields

• Uses alternator at high voltage

• While windshield heats all alternator output is directed to windshield

• Runs close to 100 volts

Page 69: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 70: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 71: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Heated Back Glass

• Operates at normal charging system voltage

• Most common problem is open circuit in heater grid

Page 72: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Power Windows/SeatsUse of wiring diagram is critical to diagnosis

Slow turning motors will cause increased amp draw

Check for binding mechanisms

Self re‐setting circuit breaker protected

Page 73: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 74: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only

Warning Systems

• Most systems will ground a buzzer or warning lamp

Page 75: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 76: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 77: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only
Page 78: Electrical Accessoriescf.linnbenton.edu/eit/auto/krolicp/upload/Accessory...Wiper Motor Park Switch • The wiper motor armature has a flat spot that allows park switch to ground only