electoral laws
DESCRIPTION
Electoral Laws. and the party systems they make. UK Paper Ballot. FL – Butterfly Ballot. Michigan Optical Ballot. Welsh Constituency Ballot. Indian Ballot. Welsh List Ballot. NZ Ballot. German Dual Ballot. Duverger’s Law operates at the district level. UK 1945-97. Charter 88. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Electoral Laws
and the party systems they make
![Page 2: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
UK Paper Ballot
![Page 3: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
FL – Butterfly Ballot
![Page 4: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Michigan Optical Ballot
![Page 5: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Welsh Constituency Ballot
![Page 6: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Indian Ballot
![Page 7: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Welsh List Ballot
![Page 8: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
NZ Ballot
![Page 9: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
German Dual Ballot
![Page 10: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Duverger’s Law operates at the district level
SMDP 2 party
SMDM Multiparty, few effective parties
PR multiparty
![Page 11: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
UK 1945-97
![Page 12: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Charter 88
![Page 13: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Spanish Elections (PR)
![Page 14: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Effective No. Parties
![Page 15: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
France V Results
![Page 16: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
German Results
![Page 17: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Regional (Sectional) Parties
• USA: Dixiecrats• India: Telegu Desam, AIADMK, DMK, Shiv Sena• UK: SNP, Plaid Cymru, Democratic Unionist,
Sinn Fein• France: Alsace d’abord, Union démocratique
bretonne, Ligue savoisienne, Unione naziunale• Canada: Bloc québécois
![Page 18: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Canada – 2004
![Page 19: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Canada - 2000
![Page 20: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Goals
• Stability• Choice• Equal weighting of votes• Legislature should represent actual distribution of
opinion• Government should represent actual distribution
of opinion• Elected officials ought to have a connection to a
constituency
![Page 21: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Electoral Disproportionality
![Page 22: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cabinet Durability
![Page 23: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Instability
![Page 24: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Allocating Seats
• SMDP & SMDM are easy!
• Borda count (example of use in Baseball)
• Single Transferable Vote (STV)
• Single Non-Transferable Vote (SNTV)
• Instant Runoff (IRV)
• D’Hondt method
• Sainte-Laguë method
![Page 25: Electoral Laws](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062723/56813e58550346895da84bf4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Australian Ballot