El PretéritoSpanish II

The Preterite = past tense

There are 7 past tenses in Spanish!The PRETERITE is used the most.The Preterite = verbed in English

example: We cooked.They ate paella.I washed the dog.

The Preterite is over, done, finished

El Pretérito: The PreteriteKey expressions:ayer ……………………………..yesterdayanteayer ………………………day before yesterdayanoche………………………….last nightel otro día……………………..the other dayEn ese momento……………at that momententonces………………………..thenesta mañana………………….. This morningesta tarde………………………. la semana pasada…………last week

El Pretérito: The Preterite• Key expressions (continued)

el mes pasado……………….last monthel año pasado………………..last yearHace dos días, años………. Two days ago, years agoayer por la mañana………..yesterday morningAyer por la tarde……………. Yesterday afternoonel verano pasado ………….last summeruna vez………………...........one timeHace time period que ….Time period ago

Green Lights!

-ar verbs:yo: -é nosotros: -amostú: -aste vosotros: -asteisUsted: -ó Ustedes: -aronél/ella: ellos/ellas

Green Lights!

ar verbs: Lavar (To wash)yo: Lavé nosotros: Lavamostú: Lavaste vosotros: LavasteisUsted: Lavó Ustedes: Lavaronél/ella: Lavó ellos/ellas Lavaron

Green Lights!-ar example:bañarse (to take a bath)This is a boot verb in the present but IT IS NOT a boot verb in the preterite!Put the reflexive me,te,se,nos,os,se BEFORE the conjugated verb!

yo: me bañé nosotros: nos bañamostú: te bañaste vosotros: os bañasteisUsted: se bañó Ustedes: se bañaronél/ella: se bañó ellos/ellas

Green Lights!

-ar example:acostarse (to go to bed)This is a boot verb in the present but IT IS NOT a boot verb in the preterite!Put the reflexive me,te,se,nos,os,se BEFORE the conjugated verb!

yo: me acosté nosotros: nos acostamostú: te acostaste vosotros: os acostasteisUsted: se acostó Ustedes: se acostaronél/ella: ellos/ellas

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-er and –ir verbs:

yo: -í nosotros: -imostú: -iste vosotros: -isteisUsted: -ió Ustedes: -ieronél/ella: ellos/ellas

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-er and –ir verbs:Example: -er verbs:Beber = to drink

yo: bebí nosotros: bebimostú: bebiste vosotros: bebisteisUsted: bebió Ustedes: bebieronél/ella: bebió ellos/ellas: bebieron

Green Lights!

Example: -er verbs:Correr = to runyo: corrí nosotros: corrimostú: corriste vosotros: corristeisUsted: corrió Ustedes: corrieronél/ella: ellos/ellas

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Example: -ir verbsAbrir = to openyo: abrí nosotros: abrimostú: abriste vosotros: abristeisUsted: abrió Ustedes: abrieronél/ella: abrió ellos/ellas: abrieron

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Example: -ir verbsSalir = to go outyo: salí nosotros: salimostú: saliste vosotros: salisteisUsted: salió Ustedes: salieronél/ella: salió ellos/ellas: salieron

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Example: -ir verbsEscribir = to writeyo: escribí nosotros: escribimostú: escribiste vosotros: escribisteisUsted: escribió Ustedes: escribieronél/ella: ellos/ellas

Yellow Lights

Yellow light verbs have the same endings AND the same accents as Green Light verbs

Yellow light verbs have a spelling problem in the stem of the verb

There are 3 kinds of Yellow Light verbs:1. car, gar, zar2. Y sandals3. IR sandal verbs

Yellow Lights!

CAR, GAR, ZAR verbs:1.CAR QU (example: toqué)2.GAR GU (example: entregué)3.ZAR C (example: almorcé)

FYI: The verbs make these spelling changes to keep the sound of the conjugation like the sound of the infinitive.

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Y Sandal verbs:The change happens in the Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas forms only.Examples: leer leyó creer creyeron

oír oyeronFYI: If the verb has an a, e, o before the –er/-ir ending, you have to change the I to Y so you can hear its sound. Otherwise its sound is lost to the stronger vowels.

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IR Sandal verbs:These were –IR boot verbs in the present tense. These are the only boot verbs to worry about in the preterite! The change only happens in the SANDAL (Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas).

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IR Sandal verbs:Examples: dormir durmió

vestirse se vistióseguir siguierondivertirse se divirtieron

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NO ACCENTS!

WEIRD ENDINGS!

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ir (to go) and ser (to be)

fui fuimosfuiste fuisteisfue fueron

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dar (to give)

di dimosdiste disteisdio dieron

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estar (to be) tener (to have) andar (to walk)

estuve estuvimosestuviste estuvisteisestuvo estuvieron

(tener tuv__)(andar anduv__)

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poder (to can) poner (to put) saber (to find out)

pude pudimospudiste pudisteispudo pudieron

(poner pus___)(saber sup__)

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hacer (to do, to make) querer (to try to, to refuse to) venir (to come)

hice hicimoshiciste hicisteishizo hicieron

(querer quis__)(venir vin__)

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decir (to say, to tell) traer (to bring)

dije dijimosdijiste dijisteisdijo dijeron

(traer traj__)

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All verbs ending in –ducir conducir (to drive)

conduje condujimoscondujiste condujisteiscondujo condujeron

One more thing…These verbs change meaning in the preterite:Saber - present tense: to know facts and information - preterite tense: to find outConocer – present tense: to know people and places,

to be acquainted with - preterite tense: to meet

Querer – present tense: to want, to love - preterite tense: affirmative: to try to negative: to refuse toPoder – present tense: to can, to be able to - preterite tense: to can, to be able to, to manage toTener – present tense: to have - preterite tense: to have, to get, to receive