el pretérito preterite the simple past tense. used to describe... a.... the beginning or end of an...
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El pretéritoEl pretéritoPreterite Preterite
The simple past tenseThe simple past tense
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Used to describe . . .Used to describe . . .A.A. . . . the beginning or end of an action.. . . the beginning or end of an action.
Ex1:Ex1: Ellos comenzaron a comer la cenaEllos comenzaron a comer la cena
They began to eat dinner.They began to eat dinner.
Ex2: La tienda cerró a las diez.Ex2: La tienda cerró a las diez.
The store closed at 10.The store closed at 10.
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Used to describe . . .Used to describe . . .B. . . . a simple, completed action in the pastB. . . . a simple, completed action in the past
Ex1: Comí anocheEx1: Comí anoche
I ate last nightI ate last night
Ex2: Corriste en el parque ayerEx2: Corriste en el parque ayer
You ran in the park yesterdayYou ran in the park yesterday
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Used to describe . . .Used to describe . . .C. . . . an action within a fixed period of timeC. . . . an action within a fixed period of time
Ex: Reagan fue presidente de 1980 a 1988.Ex: Reagan fue presidente de 1980 a 1988.Reagan was president from 1980 Reagan was president from 1980 to 1988.to 1988.
* The use of the preterite stresses the time limit! * The use of the preterite stresses the time limit! [---------------------][---------------------]
began endedbegan ended
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-ar-ar verbs verbs
-é-é -amos-amos
-aste-aste --
-ó-ó -aron-aron
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comprarcomprarcomprécompréI boughtI bought
compramoscompramosWe boughtWe bought
comprastecomprasteYou boughtYou bought
comprócompróHe, she, you boughtHe, she, you bought
CompraronCompraronThey, you all boughtThey, you all bought
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-er / -ir-er / -ir verbs verbs
-í-í -imos-imos
-iste-iste --
-ió-ió -ieron-ieron
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vendervendervendívendíI soldI sold
vendimosvendimosWe soldWe sold
vendistevendisteYou soldYou sold
vendióvendióHe, she, you soldHe, she, you sold
vendieronvendieronThey, you all soldThey, you all sold
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vivirvivirvivívivíI livedI lived
vivimosvivimosWe livedWe lived
vivistevivisteYou livedYou lived
vivióvivióHe, she, you livedHe, she, you lived
vivieronvivieronThey, you all livedThey, you all lived
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Some irregularitiesSome irregularities-car, -gar, -zar-car, -gar, -zar verbs verbs
1.1. --car car -qué -qué
2.2. -gar -gar -gué -gué
3.3. -zar -zar -cé -cé
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Why?Why?1.1. This change occurs in the This change occurs in the yo yo form form
only!only!
2.2. This change occurs in order to keep This change occurs in order to keep the pronunciation the same; to the pronunciation the same; to preserve the pronunciation.preserve the pronunciation.
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ExamplesExamples
Ex1:Ex1: busbuscarcar bus busquéqué
Ex2:Ex2: llellegargar llelleguégué
Ex3:Ex3: almoralmorzarzar almor almorcécé
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Irregular verbsIrregular verbsirirserserhacerhacer
dardarestarestartenertener
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irirFuiFui FuimosFuimos
FuisteFuiste FuisteisFuisteis
FueFue FueronFueron
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serserFuiFui FuimosFuimos
FuisteFuiste FuisteisFuisteis
FueFue FueronFueron
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hacerhacerHiceHice HicimosHicimos
HicisteHiciste HicisteisHicisteis
HizoHizo hicieronhicieron
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dardarDiDi DimosDimos
DisteDiste DisteisDisteis
DioDio DieronDieron
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estarestarEstuveEstuve EstuvimosEstuvimos
EstuvisteEstuviste EstuvisteisEstuvisteis
EstuvoEstuvo EstuvieronEstuvieron
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tenertenerTuveTuve TuvimosTuvimos
TuvisteTuviste TuvisteisTuvisteis
TuvoTuvo TuvieronTuvieron
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NoteNote
None of the irregular None of the irregular verbs carry accent verbs carry accent
marks!marks!
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Key wordsKey words
AyerAyer yesterdayyesterday
AnocheAnoche last nightlast night
AnteayerAnteayer day before lastday before last
Esta mañana Esta mañana this morningthis morning
Esta tardeEsta tarde this afternoonthis afternoon
Esta nocheEsta noche this evening, tonightthis evening, tonight
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Key words 2Key words 2
_____ pasado_____ pasado last _____last _____
Ex: la semana pasadaEx: la semana pasada last weeklast week
el año pasadoel año pasado last yearlast year
el sábado pasadoel sábado pasado last Saturdaylast Saturday