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More than 3500 men, women, and children crowd a hot Salinashigh school gym showing the Teamsters that they would rathersupport Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers union.Chavez was ioined by 30 notional Catholic leaders who blastedthe collusion between the Teamsters and the growers.

(continued on page 14)

Salinas, Calif~More than 3500cheering farm workers packed alocal high school gym July 11 tohear UFW President Cesar Cha­vez describe the battle workersare presently waging to stopgrowers from deducting Team­sters dues from their paychecks.

An estimated $150,000 is takenfrom Salinas Valley farm work­ing families each month in Team­ster dues, money which the UFWsays could build more farm work­er clinics and service centers,instead of financing the Team­ster's $100,000 a month drive todestroy the popular-based Cha­vez Union.

Chavpz was nankecl at tbemeeting by over 30 national Cath­olic leaders who called the 1970grower-Teamster agreements"a collusive steal of your con­tracts" and who promised renew­ed support of the head lettuce,table grape and Gallo wine boy­cott.

The women and men and child­r en who work the vegetable fieldsof the Salinas Valley nocked tothe general meeting to hear the"little giant," who in 1970 led10,000 workers to contract vic­tories in a massive generalstrike.

The July rally was the thirdmass farm worker rejection ofTeamster leadership in 1974, andfollowed two months of active or­ganizing on the Teamster ranchesby the UFW.

(On February 18 eight thousandfarm workers in the ImperialValley shut down agribusinesswith a work-stop to protest il­legal Teamster dues and deduc­tions. On June 6 some 3,000 fieldworkers left their cutting knives

. and short handled hoes to pro­test the visit of FitzsiI;nmons whocame to nearby Monterey to in­agurate Teamster Local 1973).

The tone ofthe meeting becamesomber, however, as Chavez re­layed the tragic news of yet an­other farm labor "accident;" 18year old Armando Contreras hadbeen crushed that very day bya Merrill Farms Teamster­driven lettuce truck, and lay incritical condition at the SalinasMemorial Hospital. The Merrilltruck did not carry a back-up

-.

P. 12...............ANGELI NOS TAKE UPBOYCOTT DRIVE ............... P. S

DEATH IN THE LOST HILLS­THREE FARM WORKERS KILLED

r

New Yorkers Tackle Hills Store

Cesar Chavez and Mr. Jim Bently, of Toronto, Canada, join campesinos in a Huelga appluse during a UFW rallyheld in Lamont, Calif. on July 15, 1974. More than 500 farm workers participated.

"farm workers in the south ofFrance are struggling just likeyou" and explained that theirstruggle was the same as thestruggle of the French worker.

Chavez spoke of the problemof illegal strikebreakers and saidthe UFW would like to "askthem to go elsewhere and notto break the strike because itwould just make things moredifficult for us and for themin the end."

He continued by asking allgrape workers, who are nowworking in non-union fields, thatthey could help the boycott byruining the grapes they pick.This way the growers will findthemselves with poor qualitygrapes and "it is easier to boy­cott poor quality grapes."

Cesar also asked the audienceto encourage their fellow workersnot to pay any Teamster dues,like they're doing in Delano,Salinas, Imperial Valley and Co­achella. He said that once theTeamsters find themselves with­out any money they will leave.

Chavez finished his speech op­timistically by saying "we aregoing to win this boycott a lotsooner than most people think."

less desirable jobs, as well asreaching discriminatory bar­gaining agreements.

The suit was brought by Ed­ward Martinez, Leon Davis, Cur­ley Carrie, and Louis Robinson.Carrie and Robinson were pro­moted to truck drivers but werelater demoted.

Martinez and Davis were pro­moted to truck drivers only afterfiling complaints with the U.s.Equal Employment OpportunityCommission. The four are among500 minority employees at theRichmond distribution center.

The Tulare County Sheriff'sDepartment is supposed to forcecompliance of the injunction ifthe growers violate the order.This is the first time in thecounty the growers face prose­cution for misleading labelingpractices.

A similar injunction was is­sued in May barring three KernCounty growers from using UFWlabels on tal:Ue grape shipments.

The Tulare County growersaffected by the injunction areElmco Vineyards, Poplar GrapeGrowers, 8t. Agnes Vineyardsand Merzoian Bros. Farm Man­agement Co. Named in the Kernsuit were Pandol Bros. Inc.,Tex-Cal Inc., and John Dulcichand Sons.

i-RAU"L'5GRC)CERY-I Comestibles- Bebidas - Sodas t', Vino - Cerveza Tel. 875-6123, Sr. y Sra. Raul Lozada ., Viva la Causa tL.!.2':3:: ~:-sa~er, '?:.E~'!.-.J

Lamont, Calif. - Black eagleflags fluttered in the streetsof this small agricultural town,on July 15 when more than 500marching workers joined CesarChavez in a show of solidarity.

The marchers walked throughthe streets of Lamont for overan hour asking their neighborsto leave their homes and jointhem. Many persons respondedto the calls "Viva La Huelga"and "Si Se Puede" and fell inwith the campesinos.

The march led to the parkwhere mass was held and Cha­vez introduced Jim Bently, ofthe plumbers union in Toronto,Canada, and Francoise Thomaze,of paris, France where she isa member of a non-violence so­cialist group called "Cesar Cha­vez."

Mr. Bently assured the cam­pesinos that the Canadian people,not only in Toronto but in "allthe length and breadth" of Can­ada were solidly behind themin their strike and boycott. Heclosed pis speech with a hearty"Viva La Huelga" and the au­dience responded with a huelgaapplause.

Francois Thomazo, the nextspeaker, told the audience that

Richmond, Calif. - Four work­ers have filed a $500,000 classaction suit against TeamstersLocal 315 and Safeway Stores,Inc., charging discrimination inhiring, promotion, and firing.

The suit, centering around pro­motions to truck drivers, wasfiled by three Blacks and a Chi­cano on behalf of all minorityworkers atSafeway's distributioncenter in this San Franciscobay area city.

The suit alleges the Team­ster local discriminates in re­cruiting members, refuses torefer minority workers to cer­tain jobs, refuses to processgrievances and makes discrim­inatory bargaining agreements.

Safeway was accused of usingemployment standards and teststo discriminate against minorityworkers in employment and as­signing them to lower paying,

Visalia, Calif. - A prelimi­nary injunction has prohibitedfour San Joaquin grape growersfrom using the UFW Black Ea­gle on their containers aftermisleading consumers sincetheir contract with the unionexpired last summer.

The injunction, sought by theUFW, ordered the four TulareCounty growers to either oblit­erate the union label from pack­ing boxes or destroy the con­tainers.

The injunction, issued by Su­perior Court Judge Fredrick Ja­cobus also gave UFW the rightto search growers propertiesfor any crates or containe-rs stillbearin~ the union symbol.

Growers Barred fromUsing Black Eagle

Canadian Labor LeaderAttends Lamont Rally

Teamsters Charged withRacism in Court Suit

Hills. One store in Yonkers hadto resort to giVing away a headof lettuce with each bottle ofsalad dressing which was sold.

UFW sympathizers participat­ed in a mass picket, June 29,which also drew three or fouranti-union trOUble makers car­rying guns. Police kept the gunwielders away; no one was hurtbut none of the gun toters werearrested.

Hills officials have tended tobe sneaky. A delegation of cler­gymen visited one manager ofa Long Island store, July 2.T~e manager, after meeting thedelegation, excused himself, andwithout telling anyone called thepolice who arrived and expelledthe visitors. No one was ar­rested.

Keene, Calif. - Francoise Tho­mazo, a member of "Cesar Cha­vez," a non- violent research andaction group in Paris, France,is Visiting La Paz, the UFWheadquarters here. F. Thomazocame to the United States tosee first hand how the UFWis conducting its struggle forsocial justice.

She says that the group shebelongs to is called "Cesar Cha­vez" because they feel that Cha­vez is "the most important ilOn­violent leader in the worldtoday".

F. Thomazo, who will be inLa Paz for 10 days, in an in­terview said that the struggleof the American workers is thesame as the struggle of theFrench workers.

She continued by saying; "Iwould like to tell the readersof EL MALCRIADO, that it isvery important that when peoplestruggle for the same ends andwith the same means, it is veryimportant that they know them­selves and the meaning of theiractions and help themselves inan international spirit."

French ActivistVisits UFW

Headquarters

ther, Ed"is a major stockholderin Hills stores.

Hills has 106 stores in thestate, 60 of them in New YorkCity.

Ricardo Chavez, UFW exec­utive board member, began afast July 23 in front of a Hillsstore in the Huntington sectionof Long Island. A mass picketand religious service outside thestore is planned someti me duringthe fast.

Meanwhile, the effects of theboycott may be taking effect on

The facts are that Parkhurstwas an over-the-road trucker forseveral years, was anowner-op­erator, and still takes occasionaltrips by tractor- trailer.

es, not hiring enough bilingu~lcensus takers.

Manuel Ruiz, Civil Rights Com­missioner, points out that theCensus is important to the Span­ish speaking in terms of repre­sentation, being able to obtain re­venue sharing, housing, industry,affirmative action programs and"all other economic and socialendeavors."

Overdrive states, "There is noover- the- road tractor - trailercombination that Parkhurst can'tdrive. And if Fitzsimmons wouldget out of his marble tower oroff the golf links long enough,Parkhurst would be glad to tryto teach him how to drive atruck."

torious lies, Fitzsimmons, in anattempt to discredit Overdrive,'claimed on national televisionthat Editor - Publisher Mike?arkhurst had never been a truckdriver.

New York,N.Y. - The NewYork boycott campaign is con­centrating on the Hills super­market chain which has neverreached an agreement with theUFW.

Part of the campaign is aimedat Hugh Carey, running for theDemocratic gUbernatorial nom­ination, who is trying to pro­ject a "liberal" image to NewYork voters.

Carey's importance lies notonly with the fact that he isa potential governor of the sec­ond most populous state in thenation, but also because his bro-

Washington, D.C. - The U.S.Commission on Civil Rights foundthat the 1970 Census Bureau countof Spanish-speaking people wasinadequate citing poor countingmethods, the lack of Spanish lan­guage question forms, and for notaskin the proper questions on theform.

In addition, says the report, theCensus Bureau is "extremely de­ficient" in employment practic-

Civil Rights Commission Charges

Discrimination in Census Count

Page 2 -:- July 31, 1974 - E I Malcriado

Truckers Journal BlastsFitzsimmons' Corruption

Los Angeles, Calif.-Not alltrucker s are silently sitting backand allowing the Teamster's

. leadership run rampant in itscampaign of cheating and corrup­tion.

Overdrive magaZine, the lead­ing journal of professional trUCk­ers, has been a thorn to theside of Teamster PresidentFrank Fitzsimmons and the Nixonadministration.

The magaZine, in the Julyissue, wites, "The previous his­tory of the Fitzsimmons-Nixonlove affair is a trail strewn withpolitical intrigue and manipula­tion, moral bankruptcy and cor­ruption, and influence-peddling atthe highest level of government."

The magaZine also caught Fitz­simmons in another of his no-

Chavez Assails Use ofIl1legals" in Mendota Rally

Mendota Meloneros ProtestGrower's Low Wages

'Pacific Farms HarvestHalted by 'Blitzkrieg'

claimed the union was taking"a path in Violence", and cre­ating a "reign of terror".

Strike information was furtherslanted as a Fresno radio sta­tion reported UFW strikers werearmed and a Fresno televisionnews show used film showingonly three picketers to describethe strike situation.

Some UFW members feel thatthe growers are not as concernednow about the melon strike asthey will be when the large to­mato harvest begins in Septem­ber.

Within a day and a half, UFWorganizers" Baca, Delgado, andLopez, had organized a state­wide food drivll and had raisedover $3,000 with contributionscoming from the Archbishop fromLansing, along with two otherparishes and as well as fromdifferent unions.

On Sunday, more than fiftyUFW supporters arrived fromall over the state to Keeler withcampers, vans, and cars packedwith food.

The climax carne at a victoryMass, held by the Lansing Arch­bishop, where over 350 people at­tended and heard a congratulatorymessage from Cesar Chavez,pointing out that ther is no vic­tory without unity and ending with"Que viva 1a Causa y QUE VIVANLCB FRESERCB TRIUNFAN­TES!!!"

According to Sam Baca, thismarks the first victory for theMichigan farmworkers where al­ready in other parts of the state,other farmworkers are talking a­bout the success of the strike.Baca added that "the spark canbe lit."

rent, plus Falkner agreed to re­-cognize the negotiating commit­tee as the legitamate group forbargaining and- dealing.

The Fresno. County SheriffsDepartment is keeping a 24-hourwatch over the' strikers, con­tinually utilizing patrol helicop­ters and using infiltrators toprowl around UFWbuses at night.

The local newspaper, the Men­dota- Firebaugh Journal, has alsoattacked the campesino struggle,featuring a front page editorialcalled "More than Fire" in itsJuly 11 edition.

It stated that Cesar Chavez'credibility "went up in flames",blaming him and the UFW fora recent fire, and the paper also

UFW organizers, Sam Baca,George Delgado and Alex Lopezarrived at the fields early Fridaymorning at 6:00 AM and reas­sured local leaders that the strikewas still effective although 60pickers had returned to work,after Falkner spat out a 5~ raise.

A show of relief and enthusiasmrose as soon as picketers grab­bed the "black eagle nags" fromthe UFW supporters and circledthe fields in ca.rs, honking andshouting "Viva Chavez"and "Viva la huelga" and by10:30 AM, all 60 workers had.left, leaving the fields empty.

At 5.00 PM, workers confirm­ed their unanimous desire to st­rike and- voted to bargain for awage rate of a $1.00 per carrierand no rent.

Falkner now had his back tothewall, with him knowing that hisfruit would rot if not picked by

_Sunday. In addition, the tempor­ary rental of a picking machinefailed, since his plants were be­ing ruined by the apparatus.

Working through Feferman, theattorney, instead of the four mancommittee, Falkner first pro­posed raising the wage to 90~and

reducing the rent to $3.00.This was immediately rejecte,Q

by the workers and finally reach­ed a concession for 90~and no

E I Malcriado - July 31, 1974 - Page 3

Mendota, Calif. - The UFWlegal department has receivedreports that local melon grow­ers are forming an armed vi­gilante group to break a strikeby melon pickers which beganJuly 19.

The strikers in this area, iriwestern Fresno county in cen­tral California, are already fac­ing continued police surveillanceand harassment, and distortednews coverage by the local press.

30 UFW members from Ca­lexico are assisting the localstrikers in their struggle againstthe powerful growers.

300 Strike Pappas & Company

Three generations of campesinos listen and look during speeches at UFW support rally held at the very crowdedand uncomfortable Alisal High School gym at Stockton.

"The Spark Can be Lit"

Mendota Melon Strike

Keeler, Michigan-UFW-back­ed strawberry piokers, quickleysettled a three-day strike at the.I ohn Falkner & Son Farms, 70miles east of Chicago, near theeast Michigan lakeside.

Workers first met with staffattorney, Richard Feferman fromthe Migrant Legal Assistanceproject (MMLA) on Wednesdayevening, June 19 where they an­grily posed the problems of childlabor, low wages, and poor hous­ing.

The Fair Labor Standards Actbars children under 12 fromworking, thus putting a deep cutinto farmworker family incomes.And their $1.50 wage, based on.piece rate, is equal to buyingonly two pounds of pinto beans,plus they must pay $5.00 a weekfor a 12' X 12' cabin' with onlyone light and no toilet.

Au elected four man committeeasked Falkner to increase thepiece rate from 76~ to a $1.00per carrier of straWberries (8-10quarts) and no rent.

Falkner replied, "If anyonewants more than 76~, they canpack up their bags and go someplace else."

On Thursday, the workers re­sponded and did not work, makingthe walkout 100% effective.

from Costa Rica, San Salvador,the Philippines and the Arabnations in the hundreds and thou­sands and take away our jobs.

Chavez pointed out that thegrowers who hire the "illegals,"are closely tied to the Immi­gration Department, the JusticeDepartment, and the Fed­eral Government.

Chants of "huelga, huelga,huelga" came in an uproar WhenChavez remarked in Spanish"that the only cure for thissickness of exploitation of thefarmworkers by the growers,is a medicine called, "HUEL­GA!"

the amount of melons that werepacked and shipped. This prac­tice in essence left it up to­the contractors not to pay theworkers for a considerable por­tion of their labor.

Pacific Farms Incorporatedfiled a court injunction againstthe strikers resulting in a tem­porary restraining order Ilmit­ing the number of picketers.

Kern County Superior CourtJudge J. Kelly Steele restrictedthe Union to 12 pickets, 50 feetapart. UFW attorney Debbie Voll­mer argued that the temporaryrestraining order was unconsti­tutional, but Steel told her, "Idon't have to consider if thisis constitutional, only if its rea­sonable."

Judge Steel's statement is thetype of attitude the UFW facesin dealing with the Kern CountyMunicipal Court System and in­dicates the support the growersreceive from the judicial system.

One worker added that pre­viously Teamsters had come ontothe camp to sign up members,but only three signed. He added,"We know they don't have anyguarantees."

Mendota strike organizerManuel Chavez said thatthe workers are entitled to re­main at th~ camp until theyget their last checks.

The strike has been effectiveso far as more workers havewalked out and seeing by thenext day the Pappas melon pack­ing shed completely dead. EarlySunday morning UFW strikersobserved hundreds of workerswaiting before the small Grey­hound bus depot ready to leavetowards Salinas.

boarded UFW buses and returned.to their labor camp.

Workers and UFW strikersarrived at the camp, owned bylabor contractor Ernest Guillen,followed later by 15 county sher­iffs. .

Upon opening their lunches,one worker angrily showed toEL MALCRIADO, two flies inhis burrito. Their meals cost$2.0.0 each and they only get$10.00 every four days for theprepared f.ood.

Lamont, Calif. -Seventy work­ers quit and eighty others wentout on strike when _an earlymorning blitzkrieg by the Unit­ed Farm Wor.kers hit the Pa­cific Farms Labor camp on Wed­nesday July 3.

The walk out brought the har­vesting and packing to a haltand ma.rked the first melon strikein the Bakersfield area.

A call for help came fromworkers at the camp who askedthe Lamont "Huelguistas" forsupport against the unfair laborpractices and low wages at thePacific Farms. Contractors havebeen switching the criteria forpaying Hie workers, infor mingthem only after their labor wascompleted.

The contractors established apractice of telling the workersthat they would pay them accord­ing to the amount of melonsthey picked fr am the fields.

The contractors in realitywould pay them according to

Mendota, Calif. -- Cesar Cha­vez urged fellow farmworkersat a rally here to circulate pet­itions to tell legislators in Wash­ington, D.C. to stop the largeflow of "illegal aliens", whoare depriving the farmworkersof their jobs.

The followers, only a. few innumber four years ago, are nowa .large UFW organizing groupin Mendota, a campesino town

'that primarily harvests melons.Chavez Said, '1 Illegals are in­

vading the country because theNixon Administration is permit­ting it." He added that theycome not only from Mexico, but

Coalinga, Calif. - More than. 300 melon workers joined UFW

strikers as they exited the fieldsof Pappas & Co., July 20, inprotest over the grower's in­tolerable demands.

Workers overheard Pappas sayto foremen, that he only wantedthe melons that were 3/4 green,since many were overripe. Alsothe workers were filling a 28square foot trailer when it wasfirst told to them that it was23-1/2 square feet.

The melon workers walked outafter Pappas refuse.d to increasethe wage for the extra work andwere soon welcomed by UFWpicketers as they poured outfrom the fields.

As UFW picketers were greet­ing the workers, 'a water truckon the other side of the roadon the property of Harris FarmsInc., abruptly appeared andsprayed a heavy shower of wat­er 50 yards over UFW mem­bers.

Later UFW member EduardoCalacas, 42, was arrested fortrespassing after sheriffs firsthad' offered him a ride fromthe entrance road to the picketline.- The 300 melon workers gladly

joined UFW members as they

Three-Year Old Run Over on Picket Line

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Grocerles"'.lean procluctsIIMosPlper5 .alld-gal i nes 1~ $pIIlisll

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990 Abbott St.Phone 424·4603

Salinas, Ca. 93901

employed by G'uimarra Vine­yards, one of the major vineyardsin the fertile San Joaquin Valley.

The Arvin police departmentassigned only one man to conductthe investigation.

The aunt of the slain Child, inspeaking about the wildcat strike,stated, "They say if we don't workharder they'll take the money outof out checks. So, they work you todeath." But for Barbarito GarzaIII, 3 years old, death came be­fore employment.

Pedro Sanc;hez Gas Station~ Mechanic ~

'iIilJ Courtesy Promptness ..

175 Ilain St. IIWatsonville. Ca

(408-722-6700 )

La Flor o.t V....100 lJltiOft ~t.

~t.son"III •• :Cal.

employer interferes in the effortsof either union in organizing theemployers workers.

UFW attorney Sanford Nathanargues that Larson did interfere,on March 21, when he conducteda "phoney" election in which hecoerced his workers to vote a­gainst the UFW and in favor ofthe Teamsters.

Nathan, in arguing against thepermanent injunction, also saysthat Larson has suffered nodam­ages at the hands of the UFW andthat there's nothing the "unioncould do this year that could af­fect Larson grapes".

Judge Metheny, in explaininghis court order, said that the e­lection had not been entirely"fair" since the UFW had notbeen given notice of it. (The elec­tion was conducted by Rev. Rich­ard Humphrys, a Coachella priestwho is biased against the UFW.and allowed a lack of voting pri­vacy. The results were 60-28against the UFW.)

The judge also conceded thatthe injunction placed on the UFWwould have a minimal effect be­cause Larson grapes have al­ready been harvested.

Judge Metheny also empasizedthat the preliminary court ordershould not be interpreted to in­dicate what his decision will be infull trial of Larsons' suit againstthe UFW which he said should besoon.

MEDINA'S EXXON

SPECIALIZING INBRAKES SHOCKS

& TUNE UPS

The father drewa sketch show­ing that the truck had been pre­viously parked on the property ofMazzie Farms packing house,facing the picket line across thestreet, between the two parkedcars and twelve feet off the road­way striking the child.

Christy, driver of the truck wasnot held for questioning nor washe cited nor arrested.

Christy was previously em­ployed by Mazzie's and is now

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Coachella Growers

Larson Gains Drawin UFW Court Skirmish

RIVERA ~ICUORS

Indio, Calif.-The court battlebetween the United Farm Workersof America (UFW) and K.K. Lar­son, a Coachella Valley grapegrower. came to a draw earlythis month, when Superior CourtJudge Fred Metheny issued a pre-

• liminary injunction against theUFW and placed certain restric­tions on Larson.

JUdge Metheny's court orderprohibits the. UFW from certainsecondary boycott and picketingactivities. The UFW has beenboycotting Larson's grapes andpicketing his fields.

The court order also prohibitshim from requiring his employ­ees or prospective employeesfrom agreeing to join or not tojoin any labor organization.

The legal confrontation be­tween the UFW and Larson be­gan Api! 4th, when Larson endedfour years of union affiliationwith UFW and immediately -afterfiled a lawsuit asking for a per­manent injunction banning theUFW from picketing his fieldsand boycotting his grapes.

Larson in his .lawsuit is in­voking the California Jurisdic­tional Strike Act which prohibitsa labor union from using econo­mic sanctions against an employ­er when that union is engaged ina jurisdictional dispute with an­other union.

Larson's attorney, CharlesField of Riverside, contends thatsince the UFW and the Teamstersare in the midst of a Juris­dictional dispute, as to who re­resents Larson's 106 workers,the grower should not be madeto suffer.

The strike act does not apply,however, if it is shown that the

"I Touched His Hand.I Knew He Was Dead"

NixonitesCharged with

Rigging'72 Elections

ARVIN, Ca.-A three year oldboy was run over and killed by atruck last month as he clung to thehand of his young mother while ona picket line in this cityin the SanJoaquin Valley.

Barbarito Garza III, was killedby a truck driven by LesterChristy, 21, when the truck shotacross South Derby Street, be­tween two parked cars, and twelvefeet off of the roadway strikingthe child.

The child was pronounced deadon arrival at Kern County GeneralHospital.

The mother, Linda Garza, 18stated that she was holding hers on by the hand when a white pick­up truck, owned by GuimarraVineyards, stuck her son push­ing her to one side. "He came str­aight at us•••he was going fast,"she cried as she demonstratedhow her child had been crushedWhile clinging to her hand.

The pair was standing approxi­mately twelve feet fr-om the road­way and witnesses at the scenestated that the trUCk had drivencompletely off the roadway.

The father. Barbarito Garza,J r, 23. rushed over to his son andgrabbed him by the wrist, "I tou­ehed his hand. and there was no­thing, I knew he was dead."

The Garza family was acrossthe street from Mazzie's partici­pating in a wildcat stike Whichbegan the previous morning when60 pieceworkers walked out overworking conditions and a requestfor pay increases.

The father was employed at thepacking house along with othermembers of his family.

Barbarito Garza, Jr., statedthat earlier in the day workerson the picket line had been threat­end with dismissal if they' signeda petition stating their grievancesand demands. According to JimForo, a workers spokesman, theywere fired by Mazzie after theywalked out.

Witnesses at the scene of theaccident stated that the driverof the truck had dropped by twicebefore to speak to strikers on thepicket line.

Washington, D.C. - A NationalLawyers Guild "People's LawSuit" challenging the constitu­tionality and legality of the 1972presidential election, was filedin a U.s. District Court here.

Eight thousand groups and in­dividuals are listed as plaintiffsincluding the UFW.

President Nixon and membersof his administration's cliquehave been named defendants,along with large corporationsand the Teamsters Union.

They're charged with conspir­ing to cheat the American peopleof an honest and open presi­dential election, which the suitalleges was won through a longseries of illegal actions.

The body of three year old Barbarito Garza 11/ is carried by pallbearerson the way to funeral service. The little boy was run over by a truckowned by Guimarra Farms while he was standing on a picket line.

Jn Critical ConditionSalinas Worker Crushed

by Lettuce TruckSalinas, Calif.-Eighteen- year- that my son had been run over,

old Armando Contreras was crit- that he was crying and tremblingically injured on July 11 when and white as a sheet. They ranhe was crushed by a lettuce him over and what could wetruck while working in the fields say•••and a truck••J don't wantof Merrill Farms. The accident to rel'l\ember it anymore."came just weeks after a 44- Contreras and his Wife, Mar-year-old farm worker was kill- tha, have an 18-month-old soned on a Bruce Church ranch and are worried about how theywhen run over by a truck in will pay the bills. Contrerassimilar circumstances. has been notified by the Team-

Both Merrill Farms and Bruce sters that he does not qualifyChurch are under Teamster Un- for the union's medical plan:ion contracts, and Salinas farm "They told me if I didn't haveworkers see the two tragedies the 80 completed hours I wouldn'tas clear examples of Teamster- receive a thing."grower neglect. While farm Disability, Contreras has beenworkers on ranches under UFW told, will pay $133 every twocontract are protected by warn- weeks, making but a small denting systems on field equipment, in the family's monthly bills.neither Merrill nor Church had "lowe rent ($50), the car pay-installed such systems at the ment ($90), the payments on fur-time of the accidents. niture in Mexicali ($160) and

From his hospital bed where then there's food ($50 a week).he remains immobile with six And then for our child we havecracked ribs and a broken shoul- to buy him special food whichder, Contreras described hisac- is so expensive••••I just won'tcident: make it with what they are going

"When I went back with my to give me."boxes I didn't see the truck, Mrs. Lemus is ready to fightsince you have to carry them the neglect and disregard dem-on one side and they block your onstrated by the union and com-vision. It happened all of a sud- pany: "If we don't get justice,den. I didn't feel anything when we'll have to give them a fight"it hit me until I couldn't breathe Yet Mrs. Lemus, like Armando'sanymore. It was a terrible pain; fellow workers (see interviewsthe tire was on top of my chest. with Menill workers) is mainlyJ could hear my bones begin concerned with how to avoid such·to crack." tragedies in the future.

Contreras' mother-in-law, "I wish that my sons couldConcepcion Lemus, was working study instead of working in thein the fields when the tragic fields," pleads Mrs. Lemus.news of Armando's accident "Because they leave and youreached her: never know if they are coming

"It feels terrible, especially back. I have three sons andwhen they came to tell us about three daughters working to makeit. You can imagine, we expected a living. We are left with need.the very worst. explained Mrs. We all know why we work; notLemus. looking tired and drawn because we like it or becausefrom the ordeal. "We were work- of greed•••but because we haveing when they came tQ tell us to work."

Page 4 - July 31, 1974 - EI Malcriado

Death in the 'Lost Hills'

FARM WOR ERS KILLEDI CAMPER ACCIDENT

Wasco, Calif. - It was anearly damp Wednesday morning,July 3 at 6:00 AM, whenacamperpick-up blew a tire, packed with18 sleeping farmworkers, turnedover twice, killing three andinjuring the rest.

Dead were Alejandro Hernan­dez, 15, and grandson to JuanHernandez, labor contractor andowner of the truck; also RienaReyna, mother, 45, and herdaughter, Sylvia, 14, both liVingat 427 W. Ash, Shafter, Calif.

In critical condition are Ma­ria Sanchez, 26, Ricky Hernan­dez, 14, and Salvador Hernandez,17. Noelia Perra Garcia, 21, anda UFW member also has vis-

I ible injuries along with threeothers still hospitalized.Th~ workers were enroute on

Highway 46, north of Bakers­field, tothe wes Hammond Ranch,according to one worker. tocleancotton (hoe weeds).

Sleeping During Crash"We were all asleep when

it happened", said Francisca Pa­dilla, in barefeet at the hospitaland still in her working clothes.Th truck threw all of the work­ers on to the road. "We triedto get up but we kept fallingdown."

At the inquest held at noon,July 5, Juan Hernandez and hiswife, Marguerita, the driver ofthe truck, refused to testify uponthe advice oftheir attorney Roger

Randell. Fut Operations Special­ist to the California HighwayPatrol, Charles Moore, gaveHernandez a lot to worry aboutwhen he listed the deficienciesto his '73 Ford Camper.

After the accident, Moore foundthe truck to be lacking a fireextinguisher, a first-aid kit, anemergency signal device for therear passengers, and tobe minusa sign at the entrance statingthe seating capacity.

All of the defects, said Moore,are in direct violation to theCalifornia Administrative Code,Title 13.

Moore said earlier, that onFeb. 14, 1974, he had inspectedHernandez's 1974 camper andstated that he must install thesesafety devices for the'73 camperas well. Since then,' he had onlyadded two escape-type windowsto the '73, the one in the ac­cident.

Investigating officers examin­ed the left rear tire closelyand found a nail imbedded 3/8~f an inch into the tread. Thetire, said Moore, was complete­ly smooth in the center, Whilethe minimum tread for a farmlabor vehicle on the no. 2 in­side groove should be 2/32 ofan inch, yet this tire had atread 1/32 of an inch deep andin some places was completelysmooth.

Moore admitted that the tiredid not actually blowout but

The rash of farm work related accidents continue in California's San Joaquin Valley as three campesinos losttheir lives near Bakersfield when this camper carrying 18 sleeping workers on their way to work blew a tire andturned over twice.

Newly remodeled -- now open(Jl!¥.:r: '"lCin'U :.'. !".In.cnez

II Portw Drive. watsonvme. California 724-

The 1973 Ford camper, belonging .to labor contractor Juan Hernandez, which carried three campesinos to theirdeaths and in;ured 15 others was later found to be in violation of several safety regulations.

gradually "went down" due tothe overweight of the truck.

At the inquest, Moore did notknow where everyone was seated,but the workers said there werefive in the front and 14 in theback. Only three persons arepermitted in the cab with a max­imum of 13 people allowed inthe rear.

. Highway Patrolman DanielRa­mirez added in supplementaryreport that Francisca Padillawas sitting on one of the twospare tires in the back, whichis illegal since everyone shouldhave proper seating and no harm­ful objects be left in the back.

Hernandez is said to have abad record with the UFW, andthe Lamont office has cited his

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efforts in keeping the RobertsFarm open by supplying scablabor. At White River, last yearLupe Murguia, of the Delanooffice recalled him being thebiggest scab during that strike.

This marks the seventh farmlabor bus and truck accidentsince January IS, when 19 farm­workers perished in a mal-equip­ped bus in Blythe. A farm laborbus safety bill is still waitingto be passed in the CaliforniaState Legislature.

Bill AB 2975 would requirefarm labor buses to be inspectedeach year, meet the same re­quirements as school buses, andimplement a driver·s trainingprogram approved by the Cal­ifornia Highway ·Patrol.

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EI Malcri.ado.~July 31, 1974 - Page 5

Angelinos Backing UFW

L.A. Boycott •In Full Swing

Walking, talking human billboard greets Los Angeles motorists who honktheir horns in support of boycott appeal.

Los Angeles, Calif. - Aetiv­Hies are reachIng a fever pitchas hundreds of Angelinos taketo the sIdewalks, parking lotsand homes to organize the Uni­ted Farm Workers (UFW) boy­cott against grapes, lettuce andGallo wines. .

The effects of the boycott canbe seen by the difficulty facedby the gr owers in selling theboycotted products at a profit.For example, grapes are nowselling at 39~ a pound (retail)as compared to last year whenthey sold at 49-50~ a pound.

A sympathetic Teamster truckdrIver told Winnie Arballo ofthe L.A. boycott that before theboycott, there were 40 trucksmaking deliveries in the area.According to the Teamster, 40trucks were inSUfficient, but now,at least 19 trucks are idle onany given day.

Less emphasis was placed onorganizing L.A. in previous boy­cotts but this metropolitan areaof eight million people is nowone of the leading boycott cities.This city is strategically im­portant to the boycott since itis number two in the U.S. ingrape, lettuce and Gallo wL'leconsumption. L.A. is locat­ed close to the California fields;far example, and lies only 130miles from the Coachella Val­ley. Because of this, L.A. isoften used as the "dump­ing ground" for the growers.

While boycotted items bringa better price in New York,nonetheless, it is less expen­sive for the growers to shiptheir produce to Los Angeles,thereby maintaining profits.How£'ver, that situation is be­ginning to change.

L.A. is a widely multinationalcity, with many people who havehad direct experiences with ex­pt"oitatIon. As the boycott pickSup more steam, Los Angeleswill no longer be such a prof­itable salvation for the land bar­ons.

The principle thrust of organ­izing is around "house meetings"where volunteers are recruitedto picket, leaflet and dem­onstrate.

The boycott org-anizing com­mittee has recruited nearly 500part-time volunteers through theover 200 house meetings eachweek in the 65 areas of LosAngeles. These volunteers, alongwith 108 full-time organizersin L,A. and 10 in Orange, arebuilding widespread communitysupport for the boycott.

For example, in the Echo Parkcommunity (in north L.A.) re­cently, five picketers gatheredover 600 signatures on a peti­tion to boycott grapes, lettuce,and Gallo. These signatures, col­lected in less than six hoursat one store, reflect the over­all support for the boycott.

Although consumer responseto the boycott is strong, manystores stlll continue to stockthe boycotted items, even whenconfronted with petitions like theone in Echo Park. The man­agers' excuse for this attitudeis the Food EmploYers Coun­cil, a group of chain and somesmall stores, adamantly refusesto recognize the boycott.

While supermarkets surviveon the purchases oC the con­sumers, "It is clear," accord­ing to Jim Drake, L.A. boycottcoordinator, "that their positionis not supported by the consu­mers!'

The volunteers and organizerswork on many areas of the boy­cott in addition to the house andcommunity meetings. They picketbetween 75 and 100 stores onweek-ends, a long-used and suc­cessful tactic of the union. Itis mostly during the picketingthat the organizers and volun­teers gather signatures for theboycott petitions.

Another popular and success­ful activity is "billboarding."which consists of five to tenpeople standing with large unionplacards at bUSy intersectionsand freeway Qn and off rampsencouraging people to supportthe UFW boycott.

One of the newest and exci­ting methods is the advertisingcampaign financed by the LosAngeles County Federation ofLabor, AFL-CIO. One hundredand forty ads were purchasedto go on the backs of RapIdTransit District (RTD) buses inthe city.

These RTD ads say "StandUp for Farm Workers - Boy­cott Grapes, Boycott Lettuce."With over 6% of the buses inL.A. exhorting people to "StandUp for Farm Workers", the boy­cott campaign should grow quick­ly.

The boycott has had "goodsigns of responsiveness fromthe people," says Jim Drake.Preparations are now being madeto maintain the steady growthof the L.A. boycott and by Au­gust 1, the L.A. committee plansto have at least one large com­munity meeting each night andsooo after plans to have ofrt­cial boycott committees in eachof the 65 L.A. areas.

East L.A.

Chicano Barrio Stores Drop Scab ProductsLos Angeles, Calif,...Two inde- Similar action was taken by

pendent grocery chains in East the Cal State University StudentLos Angeles no longer carry let- Board of Directors. Terrazastuce, grapes, or Gallo wines also addressed this body of theafter an intensive campaign led university and in both instancesby 31 UFW organizers concen- the vote to back the farm work-trated in this Chicano barrio. ers was unanimous.The Chains are Gateway with The growing number of volun-three stores andJ onson's at eight teers participatinr; in the boycottlocations. activities is one indication of the

The ".East Los" boycott crews surging community support inhave been instrumental in other East Los Angeles.successes like having scab The number of volunteers sky-grapes and lettuce removed from rocketed from 14 to 297 in a spanCalifornia State University Los of one month.Angeles, the largest educationalinstitution in the area. One hundred and twenty house

Conrado Terrazas made the meetings and 253 personal visitsappeal to the student body and to persons interested in the boy-faCUlty to endorse the boycott. cott occurred in one two weekHe is the son of Mauricio Ter- period. As a result of this in-raza, a member of the Team- tensive activity 29 East Los An-sters union, but who has been a geles stores removed all thelong time supporter of the UFW. grapes and Gallo wine from their

In addition to calling on "the shelves and five took off the let-(university) cafeteria to refrain tuce.from the purchase of non- UFW Weekends are a busy time forlettuce and grapes" the Academic East L.A. boycotters. HumanSenate also voted its support for billboards hit the streets FridayAssembly Bill 3370, the UFW mornings between 6 and 9 a.m.backed measure in the California and again from 3: 30 to 6: 30 inAssembly. the afternoons.

Page 6 - July 31, 1974 - E I Malcriado

Stores are leafleted Saturdaysand Sundays from 11 a. m.to 5 p. m. '

The concentration d'uring theweek is on house meetings wherethe mobiization and educationtakes place for the intensiveweekend activity when the publicat large sees the increasing sup­port behind the UFW boycott.

Store managers and owners onthe East side are rapidly learn­ing that it does not pay to keepgrapes, lettuce or Gallo wines onthe shelves. Some have tried tomake a "deal" with the union.

They promise to cut down theshelf space allowed for grapes ifdemonstrators would only goaway. But the boycotters replythat they-will not stop their ac­tivity until all stores in the com­munity are clean of scab pro­ducts.

The organizers meet in thebasement of La Soledad Churchwhere they meet to discuss thefruits of their labor and layplans for further intensifyingtheir effort. On the wall of theirmeeting room there is a handsewn banner reading: "Life is

like an onion: you peel it off alayer at a time••.•and some­times you weep."

But the boycotters have verylittle time for weeping. Three ofthem are farm workers.

Bobby de la Cruz, former Galloworker whose mother, Jessica,was the first woman field workeron the union's organizing staff,is among the most active of allboycotters in East Los Angeles.Paulino Pacheco. and his Wife,Victoria, are from Santa Mariaand also very active on the boy­cott.

The local UFWA boycott staffis highly diversified but the str­ong emphasis is on people whocome from the community Inwhich they are working. Five ofthe six student organizers whoare working on the boycott thissummer are Dan Ramirez, Con­rado Terrazas, Ramon Olivares,Andres Jiminez and RosanneMoldonado.

They are joined by an elemen­tary school teacher from EastL. A., Ronnie Solarzano and bySister Lucille Martinez from

East L.A., one of six Catholicnuns on the boycott in there thissummer. The only seminarian onthe East L. A. boycott staff isRichard Estrada, also from thatcommunity.

While for many, the East L.A.boycott is work among their long

. time neighbors, others have comefrom distant places to join them.Sister Bernice Snell from Port­land, Oregon is one who has tra­velled far to the barrio boycottand so has Larry Black from St.Louis.

Outside of the rectory of thechurch where the boycotters meetdaily there is a large sign at­tached to the wire fence. It is oneof those printed by the L.A. Coun­ty Federation of Labor, AFL­CIO, which calls on the publicto boycott grapes and lettuce.

One out of every eight bussesin the Los Angeles area carriesone of them on its rear. JimDr.ake, L.A. boycott director,said that about 80 percent of allpeople asked said that they hadseen the labor message endors­ing the grape and lettuce boycotts.

"Strikes and the boycott are the Union's front line of defense."- Cesar Chavez, June. 1974

Boycott Takes to the Air... Two New BoycottOHices Open. .. Gallo Sales Drop in Denver

International Boycott Days toCommemorate Delano Strike

The second part of the programinvolves visiting fruit marketsand convincing them not to carryCalifornia grapes this summer.The Italian Pastoral Commis­sion. an organization of over100priests, is helping to carry outthe visits to the small stores.

Contreras said several othercommittees are assisting, whichinclude leaders of communitygroups and union business repre­sentatives of Italian background.These representatives are fromunions including the Steel Work­ers, Laborers, Garment Work·ers and Retail Union.

At this point, there are sixboycott committees: San Fran­cisco, the Mid-Peninsula/.)antaClara County, Hayward, oakland/North Alameda County, SanJose,and Marin County.

Each boycott area has formed"Guerilla Squads" which picketstores, pass out leaflets andput up posters. The squads alsodistribute bumper stickers ata surprising rate. the ,most pop­ular one among oakland resi­dents being the "Nixon EatsGrapes" sticker.

In addition to community andstudent organizing, the commit­tees have been doing work withorganized labor. For example,a new group, the Alameda Coun­ty Trade Union Committee toSupport the Farm Workers hasdonated over $1,000 to the cause.

One immediate goal of theSan Francisco Boycott is to gainboycott endorsement from thatcounty's Board of Supervisorswith the vote coming before theBoard on July 29th. In addition,a media campaign, through ra­dio or advertisements is beingset up.

On August 3, the oakland Boy­cott will hold a mass demon­stration and rally to coincidewith the beginning of the De­lano strike and on the 10th willbe a mass picket of all Lucky's.Fry's, and Safeway stores inthe East Bay.

First is using mass leafletingto get the word of the boycott into'the Italian speaking communityand also spreading the wordthrough the media. Several tele­vision and radio programs havebeen aired and Italian languagenewspapers have run articlestelling the story ofthe farm work­ers.

oakland, Calif. - Enthusiasmfor the boycott against grapes,lettuce and Gallo wines in theSan Francisco Bay Area is be­ginning to resemble the mili­tant spirit of the boycott of the1960's.

Bay Area residents, long-timesupporters of unions and pro­gressive politics, are now re­joining the ~truggle of the Unit­ed Farm Workers of America,AFL-CIO (UFW) in its fight forthe rights of farm workers.

Picket lines at the stores inthe Bay Area are attracting in­creasing numbers of volunteerswho join the 65 full-time or­ganizers each week-end at over50 supermarkets.

As is the case in many cities,the Bay Area boycott commit­tees use the house meetings asa main way of recruiting vol­unteers. In the oakland/AlamedaCounty area, for example, atleast 17 house meetings are heldper week. Through these meet­ings, and other tactics, "we arehoping to form many more boy­cott committees here." saysFred Ross, Jr., coordinator ofthe Bay Area Boycott.

At these house meetings theboycott organizers explain thehistory of the agricultural move­ment, the histery of the UFWand talk about the present sit­uation. A great many people vol­unteer for picket duty and con­tribute money at the meetings.

AKR&, Ohi~Thirtymembers Although the press generallyof the Akron UFW boycott staff ignored the demonstration, thepicketed a Republican fund rais- ~BC affiliate television station ining dinner, attended by California Cleveland did run a 30-secondGQvernor Ronald Reagan. spot picking up on a "Heagan is

After Reagan arrived the dem- Grapist" picket sign.onstrators chanted and sang union Three hundred people attendedsongs unW told by Akron police the June fund raiser, at the Akronto quiet down or face arrest for Holiday Inn, paying $125 a piecedisturbing the peace. to get in.

EI Malcriado.:.. July 31, 1974 - Page 7

TORONTO, Canada-fiNo com­prate la uva degli California"(Dontt buy grapes from Calif­ornia) is the rallying cry beingheard in this city's huge ItalianCommunity known as "LittleItaly," which is'the third largestgrape market in North America.

Over 450,000 Italians maketheir home in the concentrateddowntown district. the largest It­alian population found in any cityoutside of Italy.

The Toronto boycott staff, ledby Marshall Ganz, a member ofthe UFW executive board, is em­barking on a campaign directedprimarily at the small fruitstands that line the streets of"Little Italy."

Toronto Focuses on "Little Italy"

Akron U FW ProtestsReagan Appearance

Reminiscent of '60s

Resurgence ofBay Area Boycott

Miguel Contreras and EdwardoMorales, two strikers from Ca­lifornia, assigned to coordinatethe boycott in the area. said thereare 'two phases In the campaign.

cott rejecllng the efforts of aSeattle based representativefrom the wine,'y who was ,-,e!ltto change their position.

a crucial period for the grow­ers.

On the 14th. demonstrationsare ·te be held in all the boy­cott cities, while on the 15th,the work will be concentratedaround the churches. The unionanticipates many endorsementsof the boycott to be made duringservices by the churches.

In addition to the U.S. andCanada, demonstrations will beheld in Europe, Japan and LatinAmerica.

For further information, seethe next issue ofEL MALCRIADOor call your local boycott office.

read statements about the boy­cott to the congregations andsome priests incorporated thefarm worker issue into theirsermons. Articles have also ap­peared in church bulletins.

Denver Boycott Director Rich­ard Longoria boosted the boycottefforts when he visited the stateand appeared on all three Al­buquerque television stations.

The Central Labor Council ofAlbuquerque will set up a li­ason committee to work withthe UFW office. The committeeis sending letters to Albuquerquelocals, will pass out leafletsat factories, and will organizefund raising activities.

Los Padres, a, group of Chi­cano priests, has set up a com­mittee to help coordinate supportactivities at local parishes, andto distribute leaflets nationwide.

gainst the Teamster-grower al­liance.

Pro-UFW delegates campaign­ed for the resolution by begin­ning at the precinct level, thencanvassing at the district con­ventions. and finally arriving atthe state convention. Strong sup­port for the farmworkers wasevident at every level, from reg­ular party members to stUdents.clergy, and labor delegates.

The UFW Iowa Support Com­mittee, recently formed, is cur­rently working to generate pub­licity for the boycotts as wellas coordinating action programsthroughout the state.

olic Diocese of Denver, the Colo­rado Council of Churches, andthe local Democratic Party eon­tlnue to support the Gallo boy-

The Democratic party's en­dorsement of the boycott willgive great impetus in the effortto publicize the UFW fight a-

More than 3,000 delegates atthe Iowa State Democratic PartyConvention adopted a resolutionsupporting the United FarmWorkers of America. AFL-CIO.

The Democrats went (In recordas II supporting the farmworker'sright to choose their own union"and urged all citizens to boycottnon- UFW iceberg lettuce and ta­ble grapes, and Gallo and Fran­zia wines.

La Paz, Cali!. - The Boardof Directors of the United FarmWorkers of America, AFL-CIOrecently announced two interna­tional days of protest on Sep­tember 14 and 15 to coincidewith the ninth anniversary ofthe Delano grape strike.

The International Grape andLettuce Boycott Days will befilled with massive demonstra­tions all over the world andwill draw attention to the stillstruggling UFW.

The boycott days will be heldto coincide with the peak ofthe grape shipments, which is

Church IIColiection"Boosts N .M. Boycott

Albuquerque, N.M. - The Cath­olic leadership of New Mexicohas strongly endorsed the UFWboycott and recently instituteda special "Second Collection"to raIse money for the union.

The new and outgoing bishopsof Santa Fe, Robert Sanchez andJames Peter Diaz respectively,were joined by Neal Gonzalez(executive secretary- treasurerof the state AFL-CIO) and LouisMontenegro (president of theAmerican Federation of Govern­ment Employees local in Albu­querque) at a press conferenceannouncing their support. ,

The "Second Collection," cov­ering most churches in the state,had raised $4,000 in 21 of the89 churches which had reportedat press time.

Most parishes participated inthe collection and many priests

Iowa DemocratsPledge UFW Support

A series of 30 and 60 sec­ond "Boycolt Gallo" radio com­mercials has been prepared bythe Public Media Center of SanFrancisco. The tapes, distributedby the UFW, are now being airedby radio stations across the coun­try.

The boycott commercials wereaired last year for the firsttime•••,.

Two new ~oycott offices areoperating, one in Salt Lake Cityand the ot.her in Honolulu. DavidAlcott is coordinator in Hawaiiand Betty Ortiz in Salt Lake.....

Organizing in the predominanl­ly Chicano area of East LosAngeles has taken a differentturn from many other cities.The 28 organizers in the Bar­rios each have the responsibil­ity of organizing in an areacovered by three parishes.•.•.

Mayor David Crombie recent­ly proclaimed a "Farm Work­ers Week" in Toronto in "sup­port of the fann workers intheir struggle to obtain legitJimate contracts with growersin California." The Labor Coun­cil of Metropolltan Toronto firstapproached city officials withthe idea••",

In Baltimore. three chainscomprising 85 stores have agreednot to sell any more scab pro­ducts and the latest UFW movieon the strikes in Coachella andKern County has aired over alocal T.V. station.•••.

Pauline Cormier, now on thePittsburg boycott staff, recentlywon a $450 law suit againstthe Kearny, New Jersey policefor false arrest. She was chargedfor not car ryi'1g identificationand disturbing the peace as shepicketed a Shop-Ri~e store. Shewon an acquittal later •••..

Gallo wine sals!> are downa third since the .beginning ofthe year In Denver.on. The Cath-

Dixie BoycottChalking Up

VictoriesAtlanta, Georgia - The UFW

continues to win victories in theSouth as two more store chainshave quit selling non· union gra­pes.

Big Apple with 54 stores andColonial stores with 70 marketshave now cleared their Shelves ofthe scab grapes. In addition, twohundred stores in the Mississip­pi-Georgia area are now co­perating with the boycott.

This follows the June an­nouncement that two large chains,Mr. Quick and Sunflawer. agreedto stop selling non-union grapesand lettuce in 150 stQres in Ar­kansas,' Alabama, Mississippi,and Louisiana.

NEGLIGENCE CITED IN FARM WORKER'S DEATH

Page 8 - July 31, 1974 - EI Malcriado

mic necessity so that the familycan survive.

Pozzi continues by saying thatthe children are used as a sourceof cheap labor by the growers andare paid as little as one dollar anhour. He adds that the childrenare not really needed for the har­vest since there is an adequatesupply of adult workers who needand can do the work.

The Chicano organizations,Pozzi represents, are filing'f friends of the court" petitionsin attempt to speed up legal pro­cedures "so the growers cannotcontinue to use the children When,at last, we have a law against it."

ened to file contempt chargesagainst members of the Boardfor failure to comply with fed­eral court orders requiring improvement of jails. Albu alsodemanded suspension of thosesheriffs who were present andallowed Rodriguez to die.

The district attorney respond­ed by saying that he had re­quested the State Attorney Gen­eral to conduct a crimInal in­vestigation that would lead toindictments of those responsible.

Dan Boone, UFW lawyer, in­sisted that the Attorney Gener­al's investigation would only b-ea minimal step and called foran outside investigation of theentire sherifrs department.

Cesar Enriquez of Casa deAmistad in Brawley, California,is organizing community supportdemanding the firing of the of­ficers responsible for the death.

There will be an inquest onRodrIquez's death onJuly 8,1974,at El Centro. The community isasking all interested persons toc orne and demonstrate and pIcketthe courthouse.

have both tabled their suits,"says Lavery.

From a February 6th inter­view with the parents of someof the children, Lavery discov­ered that Daleridge Farms wasusing their labor between Julyand October of '73. Daleridgehas orchards spread throughoutthe Shafter area. including LostHills and Wasco, in the SanJoaquin Valley.

The interview disclosed that100 youths were living in a con­demned house, provided by theAlamos, that had only one toilet,one table, and no heating for ­the time during February.

All of them were eating foodthrown out of markets such asGrand Central Market, in down­town L.A. and many of the child­ren were suffering from intes­tinal disorders.

Lavery suggested since no oneis filing any suits so far, it isimportant to let the public knowabout the Alamos, by exposingthem in as many newspapersas possible.

since there had been no debateand now suddenly find themselveswithout a large portion of theirlabor force.

One spokesman for the growersaId many of the young workers­who often start as early as agesix.- were encouraged by their fa­milies to work as "a lark and pickup a few extra dollars in the sum­mer."

But Frank POZZi, an attorneyfor several chicano organizationsin Portland, says such conten­tions are "basically nonsense"explaining that most of the child­ren are forced to work byecono-

More than 25 long-haired angloboys, 16-18 yrs. old, were seenfor two days scurrying up anddown rows of plum trees, usingpales to gather the fruit.

"I could not believe it," saidEster Gutierrez. "The boys haddust and sweat all over them­selves and by 3:30 PM,-, theywere still running, singing, andsaying 'praise the lord' at thesame time."

One campesino called out,"Hey, brother'"

"I'm not your brother," onefired back. "I'm not even fromyour religion."

"You guys are crazy," shoutedanother huelgista. "You're work­ing for the wrong guy." Totallyastonished, they all stoppedworking and called the farmworker a devil.

A.C.L.U. attorney, Dan Lav­ery, said that no one has filed asuit against the foundation. "TheL os Angeles District Attorneyand Baxter Ward, of the L.A...County Board of Supervisors,

Rodriguez died five days after_being arrested. The autopsy re­port says that he died of pul­monary and cerebral edema.

The circumstances of thisdeath were brought to the at­tention of UFW legal represen­tatives by Union melon strikerswho had been in jail with Ro­driguez, for violation of pick­eting injunctions.. The Union, then carried out

an investigation with the aid ofRon Albu, an attorney from Cal­ifornia Indian Legal Ser­vice (CILS), who has been work­ing on a suit attacking jail con­ditions in Imperial County.

What they found in their in­vestigation is a gruesome storyof criminal neglect and vicious­ness on the part of the ImperialValley Sheriffs.

Rodriguez' family aSked theUni.on to contact attorneys AnnieGutierrez of El Centro ann Al­bert Moreno of San Diego whoare currently working together.to bring wrongful death actionagainst the sherifrs department.

At a Board of Supervisorsmeeting last month, Albu threat-

Portland, Oregon,.Strawberrygrowers, in Washingt9n and Ore­gon have blocked the enforcementof a federal law prohibiting em­ployment of children under 12years of age in agriculture.

They also complained that theyhad not been aware of the law

The growers have obtained atemporary restraining order, ina federal court in Portland, ag­ainst the law' claiming that ifthe law is enforced they will facea loss of millons of dollars with­out the labor of children undertwelve.

other 'prisoners noticed Rod­riguez was unable to eat whilein the cell and they informeda guard but he replied, "lethim starve." Rodriguez was notgiven any meals after that.

The water in his cell wasshut off and he was forced todrink out of the toilet, whichwas full of excrement since itwouid not flush. He was cov·ered with his own waste fortwo days, because he could notcontrol himself.

Prisoners who passed by Ro­driguez's cell daily, repeatedlytold the guards that he was verysick, but the guards only laugh­ed it off and one was heardsaying, "1 hope he dies. II

A doctor never visIted Rodri­guez and the only medicationhe ever received was from anurse, two days after he be­came seriously ill.

Rodriguez often tried to stand,but would fall, knocking himselfagainst the toilet and walls. Thecoroner's report shows severebruising of both legs and abra­sions in,the facial area.

In San Joaguin Valley

'Jesus' Children Scabbing At Giumarra

Oregon Growers BlockAnti Child Labor Law

ArVin, Calif.--UFW officialsreported on June 11 that pick­eters had found more than 25Jesus children .. scabbing" inthe Giumarra Farms plum or­chards south of Bakersfield.

When one picketer asked abouta suspected church foundation,one J "'s"" youth replied, "'I onlyknow Tony and Sue."

That meant Tony and SusanAlamo of the Alamo ChristianFoundation, most reputable fortheir Saturday night church pro­gram on television, but are alsorecognized by the UFW for break­ing farm worker strikes.

The People's World, a WestCoast weekly, revealed onFeb. 23 that the foundation hasbeen soaking up enormous prof­its by organiZing scab labor inthe Bakersfield area, throughthe use of their own labor con­tractor, Rod Sweat.

The Alamos usually take allof the money earned by theselost children and pay them onlya dollar per day.

suffering from hallucinations,trembling and was too weak tostand.

He was thrown into a bare,dirty cell without bed, mattressor blankets but accordingto Cap­tain Frank Fulmer, chief admin­istrator of the jail, Rodriguezwas placed in the cell for med­ical observation.

gone out on strike many timeswith Chavez. in Bakersfield, La­mont, Firebaugh, Mendota, andSalinas, and I have gone to jailwith him.

"The trip is that when weare together, we earn a living.We know that the strike is tounite our people. We are allequaL I like to make money.to buy cars and trucks; but theimportant thing is to live welLIf there is something t can dofor my people, I will do it.

"When the union of Chavezcalls me, I come. When we aretogether, thousands of us, weare victorious. We should allwork for one another, always.Arriba Chavez!"

Calexico, Calif. - Rafael Gar­cia Rodriguez, a farm workerfrom Heber, California, died acruel and brutal death a monthago, in the Imperial County Jail,when ·county sheriffs denied himmedical ca,re.

Rodriguez was arrested onJune 13, and days later he was

"Meloneros" SwimCanal, Join Strikers

Roberto Tafoya ioins UFW Calexico strikers after leaving D'Arrigo can­taloupe farm by swimming a canal.

Eighty Huelguistas. arrivedearly one morning, at the D'Ar­rigo cantouloupe fields east ofCalexico, during the melon strikein Imperial Valley last month.No sooner had a picket linebeen set up when four melon­eros left the fields, jumped intoan irrigation canal, separatingthe pickets from the workers,and swam across to join thestrikers.

Getting out of the canal, Ro­berto Tafoya stood in his wetclothes and said:

"Everyone has his own prob­lems. and everyone solves themin his own way. I will not letthe growers rob me. I have

Four meloneros, in ott, swam canal July 27 during an Imperial Vatteystrike. Front: Elias Rodriguez (L.), and Ruben Saabedra (R.). Rear:Alfredo Celayo (L.), and Roberto Tafoya (R.).

CONGRESSIONAL PROBE EXPOSESCORRUPTION IN IMMIGRATION SERVICE

This outdoor labor camp in California's Fresno County is one of many temporary "homes" for the large numberof "illegal" aliens used to break strikes in the San Joaquin Valley. The major reason the problem with the alienscontinues is due to the neglect of the Immigration Service, whose corruption has been documented in OperationClean Sweep, an investigation done by the U.S. Dept. of Justice.

EI Malcriado - July 31, 1974 - Page 9

aliens will be deported this sum­mer.

Economic conditions in Mex­ico is one facror p'Jshing peoplenorth in sear,~h of employment.As one "illegal" alien put it,"I cannot get work in Mexico,the gringos are mechanizing andgetting everything."

Border Patrol neglect wasclea.rly in evidence in Oxnard,Callf., last month where hun­dreds of strawberry pickers wenton strike. Border Patrol offi­cers demanded documents fromthe striker~ but let the scabsgo without any question.

There is a lot of money, fa­vors, and corruption invo~ving

INS officials and Border patrol­men. At the same time, grow­ers are taking advantage of alarge, cheap, and unorganizedlabor pool of "illegal" workerswho are allowed entry to theU.S. largely because of INS ne­glect.

There is a profit in a busi­ness which exploits "illegals";and the "illegals" are a busi­ness commodity which bringsprofits in various ways to gov­ernmental officials, politicians,and corporart'! oW:Jers.

tice Department, claimed thatthere was no cover up but thatthe evidence was still being re­viewed by government prosecu­tors.

Cesar Chav~'l and the UnitedFarm Workers (UFW) union havelong called for a thorough in­vestigatiolt' of the INS's BorderPatrol and its activities in re­lation to the illegal importationof aliens as wt?ll 1<; its neglectin enforcing immigration laws.For years it has been known thattop officers in INS have coveredfor each other, squelching in­vestigations and keeping scandalsquiet.

Ybarra Sunland Service t Texas Tavern94 Academy - Sanger, Ca. 93657 tBeer, Mix Drinks & ImportedLubes. Tune Ups, &I Major repairs 1I27 7th St. Sang~r, Ca. 93657(209) 875- 6U2 All work guaranteed' (209) 875-9910 Viva La CausaOwner: Estanislao B. Ybarra , The best place in town to be in

Viva el Boycott Let's get it on

The UFW has long maintainedthat undocumented workers are,used as strikebreakers, as wellas adding t~ the unemploymentproblem in the nation.

Chavez has charged that asmany as two thirds of all Cal­ifornia farm workers are "ll­legals". ,In east Fresno Countyalone, close to 3,500 undocument­ed workers are believed resid­ing there.

In April 1650 aliens were ap­prehended in California's SanJ oa~ui;} Valley and the BorderPatrol estimates that 250,000

ily of the Mafia, according tothe Federal Bureau of Invest­igation (FBI). He is also thenephew of the late "Tough To­ny" Anastasia, one time Mafiaboss of the Brooklyn docks.

The Washington Monthly, inApril 1973, wrote, "The formerINS director, Ray Farrell, wasa crony of Rooney, accompany­ing him on junkets so frequentlythat some INS officials referredto him as 'Rooney's baggageboy'." "Rooney's idea of a toughappropriations hearing consistsof an exchange of pleasantriesand a few cursory questions."

"R ooney has intervened in sev­eral deportation and visa cases.His intervention in these cases is.so effective that it is believedthey are one of his most prof­itable vote getting activities."

Jus~(e Dept Cover UpThe Justice Department's in­

vestigation had wound down bySeptember 1973 and charges ofa 'Natergate-type cover up beganpopping up.

Recently, \Villiam Lawrence,council to a government subcom­mittee investigating the INS,charged the Justice Departmentwith white washing the corruptioncommitted by INS in the south­west. Lawrence stated, n AfterliVing with this investigation fornearly 15 months, I have con­cluded the Justice Departmenthas swept under the rug evi­dence of illegalities on the partof high level immigration peo­ple in the southw~5t."

Well placed New York Timessources state that more than20 cases of potential criminalprosecutions of regional officialsin the southwest, as well astwo at high levels, were aban­doned.

However, Alfred Hantmansurveying attorney for the Jus-

engage in wholesale importationof persons not legally eligibleto enter this country.

"For years," one agent said,"the top guys in the Southwestand the ones frpm Washington,when they are in the vicinity,have participated in sexual mis­conduct from one end of thisborder to t'he other."

He said the files of " Oper­ation Clean Sweep" were filledwith documented cases of im­migration officials who exchang­ed entry documents for the sex­ual favors of Mexican women forthemselves and their friends.

The agent said the files showedthat the same officials repeatedlyused their connections in Mex­ico to obtain women for visi­tors "from Congress and otheragencies of the government withauthority over immigration mat­ters.

For example, a former as­sistant attorney general was en­tertained at a Mexican houseof prostitution through effortsof immigration officers, inves­tigators said.

Reports indicate that immigra­tion officers routinely beat Mex­icans, often with leaded gloves,if the Mexicans refuse to bebossed around or do not answerthe questions of the officers.

The list goes on and on ofofficers accused and convictedof smuggling, document falsifi­cation, etc. A former investi­gator for "Clean Sweep" sta­ted, " My gut feeling is thatcrookedness was rampant...in fact, we felt from day onethat Castro was just at the bot­tom of a tier system of corrup­tion, just the ground leveL"

Corruption at TopThose indicted, however, have

been relatively minor officers,men in charge of offices, inspec­tors, etc., but corruption in theINS is believed to reach thehighest levels of the administra­tion.

President Nixon qUietlyaccep­ted the resignation of Ray Far­rell, INS director for 31 years,shortly after members of theINS civil service unions threat­ened to blow the case wide openif he did not investigate theim migration service.

It is believed that Farrell'sresignation will not provide thechanges needed to clean up theINS. Ed Loughran, INS deputydirector and the suspected truepower in the agency, is stayingon.

Congressional neglect of theINS has added to its long his­tory of corruption. The Senate'sJudiciary Committee specialsubcommittee on immigrationfailed to hold full hearings onINS for almost ten years.

Congress relies mainly onCongressman J ohnRooney of NewYork, chair man of the houseappropriations sub-committee incharge of Justice Departmentfunding. Sorne INS investigatorssuspect that Rooney may haveplayed a role in the question­able naturalization of AnthonyAnastasia.

Anastasia is reported to bea "soldier" in the Gambino fam-

Washington, D.C. - The De­partment of Justice, in an in­vestigation called "OperationClean Sweep," has amassed evi­dence of prostitution, bribery,narcotics violations, slavery,conspiracy to murder and othercharges against the Immigrationand Naturalization Service (INS)operating in the southwest.

The evidence of corruptionagainst U.S. immigration of­ficials, compiled during the 1Iimonth long investigaiion by thEdepartment which ended lastSep­tember, was heard during a clo­sed sl?ssion GongressionaJ probein .June.

The .Justice Department hanbeen strongly criticized for iail­ing to take action on evidenceof criminal conduct on the part

. oi a number of immigration cf­ficials.

Examples of CorruptionTwo examples of corruption

by border patrolmen brought at­tention to the operations of theINS and led to the investigation.

In early 1972 Frank Paul Cas­tro, a border inspector at theTijuana border crossing was con­victed of accepting $250,000 fordelivering border crossing cardsto be used by illegal aliens.His wife, Nena, was convictedof conspiracy and perjury.

Joseph M. Byre and WalterW. O'Donnel, two border inspec­tors at the Tijuana station, wereaccused of accepting $t'(),010 inbribes for allowing 24 tons ofmarijuana into the states in thefall of 1972.

Another border inspector, Le­I' oy Iddlespurger, was chargedwith offering to hire people to"bump off" witnesses who wouldtestify against Byrnes and O'Con­nelL He pleaded guilty to ob­structing a court order and wasgranted probation.

Federal investigative agents,in a New York Times article,said that members of the Bor­der Patrol, the enforcement armof the I S, operate their ownbracero programs, supplying"illegal" Mexican labor to bigranchers in return for huntingpriVileges, cash payments, andother rewards.

Patrol Aides Ran(hersA federal investigator. for ex­

a mple, described one "illegal"alien racket:

"rt was time for one of thebig Texas ranchers to harvesta crop. He hired a crew ofillegal aliens, and notified thechief of that particular BorderPatrol sector of his action. Thechief patrol agent saw to it thatthe ranch was not raided duringthe harvest."

"When the crop was in, therancher notified the sector chief,and before the Mexicans werepaid, the patrol arrested themand sent them back across theborder!'

"The rancher got his cropout of the field, the chief patrolagent got year round huntingrights on the ranches, and theMexicans were introduced to sla­very and deportation."

Federal agents have statedsome immigration officers co­operate with organizations which

,

~tat

7~ "'J~" ad de ~4-

!

brothers and others in the "Right farmworkers union will be aTo Work" states so that Section long, drawn-out fight involving14(b) of Taft-Hartley finally gets more $100,000 a month expendi­repealed? tures, more wasted energy, more

Has Fitzsimmons used his po- of the Fitzsimmons - Nixonlitical clout to change the com- romance, and more national laborposition and decisions of the trOUbles.National Labor Relations Board When we raid Chavez we au­which are murdering our local tomatically place our canneries,unions throughout this nation with packing sheds and warehousesanti-labor ruling after anti-labor on the West coast in seriousruling? jeopardy of being raided. We

Has Fitzsimmons used his po- all know that the United Farmlitical clout to protest the ram- Workers is going to fight forpant inflation that is wiping away its own self-preservation.every members' real standard In light of all these facts,of living? Teamsters For A More Effec-

Why did not Fitzsimmons use tive Union urges Fitzsimmonshis political clout to assist the· to terminate his present courseindependent truck drivers during on action and let the farmworkersthe gas shortage instead of shaft- vote. If we lose, let's get outing them? Our relations with of the farms and back to thethe independents could have im- road of organizing the unorgan-proved and our membership rolls ized. .increased. The longer this battle endures,

The answer to all the above the longer our members willquestions is that "Fitz" has suffer from IBT inaction on thedone nothing. On the contrary, more important .issues. Let'sFitzsimmons has decided to de- get on with the urgent businessvote his energy and spend over of strengthening oilr union.$100 000 a month to annihilate We thank you for reading ourthe 'United Farm Workers in- views and apologize for not iden­stead of taking care of the vital tifying ourselves individually. Wepolitical and economic issues do not like to write anonymousthat directly affect our mem- letters and we know you do notbel'S. like to receive them. However,

Has not Fitzsimmons conspir- we all have families to supported with the growers to destroy and we hope you will understandChavez, a man he calls an "im- our predicament.practical visionary"?

Teamsters For A. More Ef- In Solidarity and Brotherhood,fective Union believes that the Teamsters For A More Effec­only result of our raid of the tive Union

hundred times; there is a bill as much as I hate to comebefore the California Legislature back to Salinas, I'm afraid we'llwhich will provide for elections. have to be back. again. ThanksBoth the Teamsters and the grow- for the invitation. Keep up theers are opposing this bill. So, good work, we're all with you."

the boycott of lettuce and grapesuntil such time as free elec­tions are held.

"You have offered free elec­tions, Cesar said, more than a

To All Teamster Affiliates

eomster Ronk-n-File Group

Adopts Pro-UFW'Stond

Dear Brothers and Sisters:Teamsters For A More Ef­

fective Union, a group composedof IBT rank and filers and localofficials, can not understand whyour union is trying to destroyCesar Chavez and the UnitedFarm Workers.

We are loyal Teamster mem­bers and are speaking out againstpresent IBT policy because ourInternational is on the wrongroute.

As union leaders, ~e have allraided other unions at one timeor another in order to give work­ers a real choice as to whichunion they want to representthem.

But in the fields of Californiaour union is not involved in araid of a trucking firm, factory,or warehouse. Instead, our In­ternational is involved in thedestruction of another entire In­ternational Union which had amembership of approximately60,000 farmworkers prior to ourunion- busting activities.

Since when is there any kindof moral or trade union justi­fication for demolishing an en­tire International Union?

We all know that over thepast few years President Fitz­simmons has been playing buddy­buddy with President Nixon. Yetwhere has this political romancetaken our union?

Has Fitzsimmons used his po­litical clout to help our southern

Monsignor George Higgins addresses the ra/ly of Salinas lettuce workers at Alisal High School. Cesar Chavez,in the background, joins in applauding the forthright priest.

Catholic Clergy Leader Assai $

Teamster Double-CrossThe priest who Cesar Chavez

introduced in Salinas ·on July 11as "a man who knows moreabout the labor movement thanmost labor leaders" and whowas instrumental in negotiatinggrape and lettuce contracts•••

"The first time I was in Sa­linas was in Aug. 1970 whenthe trouble with the Teamstersstarted. I was here for fiveweeks to try and negotiate asettlement as an outside medi­ator with the Teamsters.

"At that time we thought thesituation was settled once andfor all; the Teamsters agreedin the middle of the night toget out of the fields and stayout and give the jurisdiction backto where it belongs - with theUnited Farm Workers. We wenthome thinking everything wasin good order from then on.

"Four years later the strug­gle still goes on. My only mes­sage tonight to the Teamstersis live up to the words theygave us in August of 1970 toget out of the fields and stayout.

"I know from experience thatyou could guess without my tell­ing you that the Teamsters arevery unhappy about the fact thatpeople like these religious su­periors are here tonight; veryunhappy about the support ofreligious groups.

"All I can say to the Team­sters is that the onll way theycan relieve their unhappinessis to get out and then we'lllove them just the way we loveall other unions.

"The Teamsters are makinga desperate effort to create thefalse impression thronghout theUnited States (and they·re mak­ing a special effort amongst theclergy of the United States) thatthis is a typical jurisdictionaldispute and that it is the kindon confusion that the clergy hasno business in getting involved.

"(f it were a jurisdictionaldispute I would never under anycircumstances spend two min­utes getting involved in it ­I don't think it is the I'ole ofthe clergy to get involved inordinary jurisdictional disputesbetween two unions, the kindof dispute that goes on all thetime. This is nol a jurisdictionaldispute!

"This is a straight collusivesteal of your contracts.

"The Teamsters can cry allthey want; they can make des­perate efforts to persuade thepilblic that we're getting involvedin an area which we have no rightto be involved in, but they'renot going to succeed. We're go­ing to stay in it until the FarmWorkers get their jurisdictionback.

"I ought to report that whilethere may be an occasional dif­ference of opinion in the Cath­olic community, the overwhelm­ing majority of the AmericanBishops are supporting thisstruggle. I represent them frommy office in Washington. I amhere speaking for the NationalConference of Catholic Bishops.We stand in support of the res­olution that was adopted lastNovember which was to support

sleazy attempt on your part toc pitalize on the hard fight wagedby Cesar Chavez to help a groupo' workers who have been merci­lessly exploited for years.

I believe that your actions ina tempting to steal members andcDntracts from the UFW is a tra­vesty of organiZed labor and per­sonally would not discount thetheory that you may have movedin at the suggestion of the grow­ers.

The Bee also noted that "TheT61msters traditionally honortht picket lines of other unions."Y011' union has never honoredthE picket lines of either theSwJchmen's Union of NorthAlJerica nor the United Trans­portation Uilion in any of thestrikes conducted in Roseville,California. I understand that someindIVidual members of your unionnearly lost their jobs becausethe} individually honored ourpidet lines against your orders.

YJur effrontery in threateningothEr labor leaders shows an un­mit~ated gall and your actionsin tie California grape and let­tuce fields are an unfortunatebliglt on the entire labor move­menlJ. Frank Young

UTU Leader Assai s FitzsimmonsFrom: J. Frank Young, LocalChairman Roseville Switchmen'sLocal UTU 1570, Roseville Calif.To: May 29, 1974Mr. F.F. Fifzsimmons, Pres.Teamsters Union25 Louisiana AvenueWashington, D. C. 20001Dear Sir:

I read in the April 17th edi­tion of the Sacramento Bee thatyou had taken the "unusual stepof writing the leaders olall AFL­CIO affiliated unions to warn thatparticipation in the boycott(UFW's nationwide boycott ofCa­lifornia grapes and lettuce) wouldresult in an end of all future co­operation by the Teamsters."

At the morning and eveningsession of our regular May meet­ing attending members voted un­animously for me to write youthis letter with copies to ourgeneral Chairman, Internationalpresident, Ces:u Chavez and theSacramento Bee. A consensus ofmembers not attendl~lg the MayMeeting also showed full agree-ment with the motion•.

I don't recall any attempts byyour union to organize the Ca­lifornia farm workers prior totheir organi zation under the lead­ership of Cesar Chavez. Youractions now, indicate to me a

How "i/legals" get exploited ...An undocumented farm workerended up with only 22% of hisgross woges and this does notinclude any deductions for federaland state income tax. The laborcontractor charging room andboard (borde) picked up nearlyhalf the pay check while thecoyote took home another $20.

SI SE PUEDE! VIVA LA CAUSA!-The New Editors

union in the U.S., and have manipulated the courts and districtattorneys in obtaining unconstitutional court injunctions. And now,as "Operation Cleansweep" has revealed, these "lords" havebribed the U.s. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) inorder to bring in thousands of "illegal" Mexican nationals totry and break the back of the UFW.

Aliens Should be Given RightsThe United Farm Workers of America is firmly opposed to

the practice of bringing in "illegal" Mexicanos for cheap laborand to be used as strikebreakers.

The UFW believes that any Mexicano or worker from any othercountry has the right to immigrate to the U.s. to se~k a betterlife for himself and for his family. But, at the same time, allimmigrant workers must also be allowed full democratic andcivil rights as granted by the constitution, including the rightto collective bargaining.

Similarly, in true solidarity of working people, the United FarmWorkers of America firmly stands opposed to the practice ofworkers crossing an international boundary to break a strikein another cottntry.

The monopolists, unfortunately, have used Mexicano nationalsand other immigrants as a reserve army of labor to impede union­ization in the Southwestern United States ann to trold down wagesand fatten profits.

Border Patrol Helps GrowersCesar Chavez and the UFW believe that Mexicanos should be

allowed to immigrate to this country provided they are grantedfull rights and guarantees. But, by the same token, the UFW isstrongly opposed to President Luis Echeverria reinstituting themuch hated Bracero program to alleviate the inequities of Mex­ican society by exporting poverty and making farm workers payfor it. I

There are those who decry the position of the UFW. But thesepeople are unclear about the union's position, nor have they strug­gled for a decade to build a union, only to see it attacked by po­lice, by the courts, by Teamster goon squads and, finally, bystrikebreakers from another country.

The position of the United Farm Workers of America is un­daunted - the "illegals" must either be granted full democraticrights, including the right to join a union of their own choosing.or they must go. Thus, for the sake of farm workers and forthe future of their children, the UFW takes an unequivocal standagainst the use of "illegals" to impede unionization in the agri­cultural fields of the Southwest.

This issue of FL MALCRIADO represents a renewed effort by theUnited Farm Workers of America, AFL-CIO to publish a newspaperthat truly exposes the misery and exploitation of this country's farmworkers and that can simutaneously build the unity of the labor move­ment.

The new staff has high goals to achieve in the next year, but it isconfident that it can produce a farm labor newspaper the likes ofwhich have not been seen in the country's labor history.

EL MALCRIADO has a new editor, Carlos R. Calderon, who hasbeen active in the Chicano Movement since 1968 and who brings con­sidex;able journalism experience with him. In addition, the new staffhas been able to recruit some of the top talent from the Chicano andprogressive Movements.

Our tasks are very much cut out for us and we will need the assis­tance and advice of all progressive peoples, if we are to gain justiceand a decent life for farm workers and all working people.

We hope to publish a bi- monthly newspaper (twice a month) by nolater than November and a weekly by no later than January 1975.

Privileged Sedor Attacks UFWNow, such a union exists. And it is the United Farm Workers

of America, AFL-CIO (UFW) which has fought for over a decadeto gain basic rights that farm workers should have had a hun­dred years ago.

But this union is now under attack from the most powerfulagrib~siness cartels that the world has ever seen. It is underattack from the same companies that also exploit campesinosin Mexico.

The growers unscrupulous men such as Salvador Giumarra,Hollis F oberts ' anrt Ernest Gallo, are part of a privileged sectorof society that will resort to the most brutal measures to main­tain their high positions and their vast riches.

The priVileged "lords" have brought in police and sheriffsto beat up UFW members, have signed sweetheart contracts withthe International BrotherhoBd of Teamsters, the most corrupt

The abuse of "illegal" Mexican farm workers stands as oneof the most vicious forms of exploitation that has ever been prac­ticed by this country's agri-business cart.els. It is a practicethat must be stopped immediately,

The United states agricultural barons have had a history ofimporting impoverished workers from other countries, reapingtremendous profits, and then kicking thf' workers out when theyare through with them, like so much trash.

The monopolists have brought in Chinese, Japanese and Fi­lipino farm workers and now, Mexicanos. These poor and ex­ploited people, of course, often have no choice but to immigratein the hopes of alleviating the hunger that has accompanied thefeFeign occupation of their respective countries.

The situation for these immigrants was made even worse bythe very fact that agricultural unions have not existed to pro­tect them.

The U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) is oneof the most corrupt and unscrupulous branches of governmentand is superceded only by the scandalous-ridden Nixon admini­stration.

The INS, a weapon in the growers' arsenal against farm workers,has been breaking UFW strikes for years by supplying cheaplabor and SUbjecting Mexicanos to extreme exploitation.

The INS, however, has been caught with its pants down by "op­eration Cleansweep," a congressional probe into the immigrationservice, which has revealed widespread corruption from top tobottom.

"Cleansweep," for example, has revealed that the INS is nowusing prostitution, sexual mi-sconduct, and bribery to permit and,even smuggle "illegal" aliens into this country for the explicitpurpose of smashing the UFW.

Strikebreaking by "lIIegals" OpposedThe investigation' discovered that Border Patrol guards, the

enforcement arm of the INS, were allowing "illegals" to comein to harvest crops for the growers and then deporting thembefore they could collect their paychecks.

One investigator, for instance, told the congressional subcom­mittee of a big Texas rancher who had hired a crew of "illegals"to harvest his crop. The rancher then notified the chief of thatparticular Border Patrol sector and the chief saw to it that theranch was not raided during the harvest.

When the crop was in, the rancher notified the sector chief,and before the Mexicans were paid, the patrol arrested themand sent them back across the border.

The federal investigator concluded by saying, "The ranchergot his crop out of the field, the chief patrol agent got year roundhunting rights on the ranches, and the Mexicans were introducedto slavery and deportation."

"Cleansweep" als0 revealed that immigration officials weregiving entry documents to Mexican women in exchange for sexualfavors for themselves and their families.

The decadence and immorality of the INS violates the basiclaws and guarantees of, not only this country,' but every decentcode of laws and ethics that have ever existed. Furthermore,the practices of the INS go hand in hand with the unscrupulousexploitation of farm workers by the agricultural barons.

It has thus become obvious that the INS, as a branch of govern­ment, is no longer the servant of the people that it is supposedto protect and serve (if it ever was). In short, the INS is nothingmore than a marionette of the growers and has been part of theoppressive apparatus, along with the courts, police and laborcontractors, that is being launched against the United Farm Workersof America.

The INS, as well as the "megal," is not, however, the sourceof exploitation of the farm worker and the blame must be placedsquarely where it belongs - on the agricultural barons. For itis these "lords" who have manipulated the government apparatusfor their own greedy ends, to preserve their vast riches andto impede social progress and justice.

Page 10 - July 31, 1974 - EI Malcriado E I Malcriado - July 31. 1974 - Page 11

Cesar in L.A.

A WHIRLWIND HITS THECITY OF THE A GELS. • •

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the official organ of the LACFL,described the tour saying, "Cha­vez, president of the UFW, spentmost of his time in skull ses­sions with union leadership, de­veloping methods of how organ­ized labor in Los Angeles canaid his union••••

..A leader known for his quietstrength, he delivered stingingattacks against the Teamsters,the growers and the U.s. De­partment of Immigration, sayingall three were preventing truecollective bargaining and uniondemocracy by the most corruptmeans available to them."

The tour, according to obser­vers, was a step forward inforging links between agricultur­al workers and industrial andskilled workers in the city andcan only help in building theunity of the labor movement.As Chavez said, "The unity ofthe labor movement is essen­tial since it is the labor unionswhich are preserving democracyhere in the U.s. and it is theunions which are preventing fullfascism from developing herein this country."

Barbara Nardella, Secretaryof the LACFL and Secretaryof the Farm Workers AssistanceCommittee, succinctly summar­ized the tour by saying, "I amvery excited about getting CesarChavez down hl're to build sup­port for the UFW and to buildthe unity ofthe labor movement."

Pledges of SupportChavez received over $2,000

in contributions for the UFWas well as pledges of supportfrom other unions and organ­izations such as the: Santa AnaDistrict Council of Carpenters,Laborers Union, J oint Board ofthe Culinary Workers, Local 52of the Laundry Workers, Cali­fornia Federation of Teachers,International Brotherhood ofElectrical Workers, Commu­nications Workers of America,United Rubber Workers, ILWU,and Ufo

The tour, therefore, may wellbe a turning point for the boy­cott nationwide, especially withstrong support from organizedlabor coming in and with theinception of the bus campaign;and it is very likely that theCity of the Angels will see anorganiZing drive that Angelinoswill never forget.

La Cabana

'49. Ma i n St.

Slatsonvi11e.

'Cal ifornia

Labor Backs UFWNever before has the L.A.

labor movement shown such con­cern and solidarity with the farmworkers cause and the tour maybe an indication that the ranksof organized labor are closingagainst the Teamster union-bust­ing tactics.

Support from the LACFL isespecially considered a key wind­fall, by UFW officials, sincethe labor federation containsmore than 450 affiliates, 850associated unions and labor coun­cils, and has a union member­ship of more than 600,000 work­ers In this highly industrializedport city.

Alan Kistler, ational Directorof Organization of the AFL-CIO,best summed up organized la­bor's support of the UFW whenhe told a meeting of more than60 union leaders, "Our pledgeto you (the UFW) and your val­iant members Is that we willstay with you every inch of theway until justice has been ob­tained."

Individuals Offer HelpIn addition, individual union

officials offered their servicesand financial and political sup­port in the UFW fight againstthe Teamster-grower conspira­cy. George Smith, Secretary­Treasurer of the Allied Print­ing Trades Council, offered hisprinting services to the UFW;and Rudy RUbio, President ofLocal 13 of the ILWU, offeredto obtain work for striking farmworkers so that they can sup­port their families.

Steve Robertson, a reporterfor the Los Angeles Citizen,

to the N..C. Nielsoo Co., a pub­lic survey firm.

The campaign is the first ofits kind in the U.S. and willassist the UFW boycott in thesprawling areas of Los Angeles,which is one of the top threegrape markets in the country.Said Chavez, "This adds a newdimension to the boycott andundoubtedly will give tremendousimpetus to the boycott nation­wide."

The bus campaign is costing$10,000 and is being financedby the Farm Workers AssistanceCommittee, a support group or­ganiZed by the LACFL. The com­mittee, however, also includesnon-AFL-CIO affiliates such asthe International Longshoremenand Warehousemen's Union(ILWU), the United Auto Workers(U AW), the United ElectricalWorkers (UE), and other unions.

RestaurantReal Colima

74 Porter vri veWi tsonv ill e

724·00&0Authentic cookinqfrom the state of

Col ima

by the L.A. County Federationof Labor (LACFL), which fea­tures the use of Twilight Spec­tacular posters on more than100 city buses.

The signs, which appear onthe back of city buses), are es­timated to reach 47'70 of thepopUlation twice a week or 5.2million people weekly, according

Chavez, in a tour unmatchedstrategic support when speakingbefore more than 600 union of­ficials, including leaders fromthe Los Angeles and OrangeCounties Federations of Labor,AFL-CIO.

In addition the UFW leaderlaunched a three- month bus ad­vertising campaign, sponsored

Los Angeles, Calif. - Farmworker leader Cesar Chavezstaged a three-day whirlwind tourof this metropolitan area pickingup unprecedented support fromthe labor movement and kickingoff a bus-advertising campaignto pUblicize the UFW boycottof scab grapes and iceberg let­tuce.

Cesar Chavez speaks to a meeting of delegates representing the Los Angeles County Federation of Labor, AFL­ClO. The federation is sponsoring a campaign of Twilight Spectacular posters on more than 100 city buses.

One out of every eight Los Angeles buses carry these boycott messages; a UFW survey indicates that 80% of a/lthe city's residents have seen them.

Page 12-July31, 1974-EI Malcriado

UFW Leader in N.Y.,N.J.

• • .A DTHE BAR STORMSTHRO'UGH THE EAST COAST

Chavez AddressesPresbyterian Convention

Cesar Chavez meets with New York labor leaders and local politicians during recent east coast tour. Chavezshakes hands with Bob Abrams, president of the Bronx Borough, while a New York City Councilman RamonVelez holds a proclamation. (Photos by Alex Beauchamp)

(Photos by Alex Beauchamp)

EI Malcriado - July 31, 1974 - Page 13

UFW President Cesar Chavez and Vice· President Dolores Huerta wereguests 01 Cardinal Terrance Cook, 01 the New York City CatholicArchdiocese, during a meeting attended by many guests at St. Patrick'sCathedral.

know it's a total breakdown. Wego to the ImmigrationService andthey say they can't do anything."

Chavez, whose union seeks col­lective bargaining rights for mi­grant farm workers, said hewould ask the northern-basedUnited Presbyterians to supporthis drive against the "Illegal en­tries."

"I hope they will familiarizethemselves and will want to dosomething about supporting ourplea to do something about theinvasion," he said.

Chavez' efforts at unionizationare already endorsed by the hier­archy of the Northern PreSby­terian Church.

read a proclamation observing"Farm Workers Day to an aud­ience of 150 labor officials andThe Most Rev. Edward D. Head,bishop of the BuffaloRoman Cath­olic Archdiocese, presented astatement of support.

The whirlwind tour of the UFWpresident ended with an inter­national demonstration of supportfor the union as 100 Canadiansmarched across the peace bridgeto join with U.s. backers ataLa­Salle Park rally.

Louisville,Ky,.-United FarmWorker's leader Cesar Chavezhere to address the assembly ofthe United Presbyterian Churchsaid Monday he is starting ~national drive to remedy the"terrible problem of 60 000 to70,000 illegal Mexican and Phili­pino workers" competing with A­merican farm workers on theWest Coast.

Chavez charged the Depart­ment of Justice is "completelylax in enforcing the regulationspreventing the entry of illegalsand to prevent them from break­ing our strike."

"We don't know why the Jus­tice Department is not enforcingthe law," he said,"but we do

an Impressive solidarJty meet­ing-fund raiser for the union.

At a Woodridge, New Jerseypress conference, Chavez exten­sively documented the use andexploitation by growers of Mex­ican nationals and was joined byofficials from the state AFL­C1O, the United Auto Workers,steelworkers, and others fromorganiZed labor.

Two hundred labor officialsfrom 30 unions pledged their fin­ancial and organizational supportto the UFW, later at a luncheon.

HOPELAWN, N.J.: More than100 union members and otherUFW supporters picketed Path­mark Store while many NewJer­sey residents watched the boycottactivities carried live on a localSpanish language T. V. Station.

PATTERSON, N. J.: Threethousand people attended a "Sup­port the Union" rally and heardspeeches by Chavez, Archer Colefrom District Three of the Inter­national Union of ElectricalWorkers; Richard Lynch, vice­president of the NewJ ersey stateAFL - CIO; and AssemblymanJohn Sinsimer, sponsor of a re­cent boycott support measure inthe legislature.

LONG ISLAND: The UFW andChavez gained more union sup­port at a breakfast of clergy­men at the Most Holy TrinityHigh School.

It was sponsored by the Officeof the Spanish Apostolate of theDiocese of Rockville Centre, theLong Island Council of Churches,American Jewish Committee andthe New York Federation of Re­formed Synagogues.

Over 200 union officials fromLocal 25 of the InternationalBrotherhood of Electrical Work­ers and Long Island Federationof Labor donated generously tothe union cause and pledged sup­port at a luncheon meeting.

BUFFALO, N. Y.: Arepresen­tative of Mayor Stanley Makowski

New York, N.Y,.-"We will winbecause we are right. We willwin because we work at it...

ALBANY: Two nationally pro­minent entertainers who havelong supported the UFW, PeteSeeger and Arlo Guthrie, sang ata "Stop the Grapes" benefit tothe delight of more than 3,000friends of the union.

EW YORI( CITY: Chavez re­peated the challenge, at a highlypubliciZed June 27 press con- •ference, calling on the Teamstersleaders to agree to lawful elec­tions to determine whoreallyre­presents the workers in thefields.

Labor officials at a dinner andrally at the Church ofSt. Paul theApostle enthusiastically backedthe UFW. Recalling the strugglesof other unions in the 30's and40's, William Jones, vice presi­dent of Local 3, of the CakeBakers, said, "It is incumbenton all unions to remember thosedays and support the UFW boy­cott."

Time and again during his tum­ultuous tour through New Yorkand New Jersey in late June andearly July, Cesar Chavez repeat­ed this message to his audiences.The unprecedented display ofsupport from a broad cross sec­tion of the public gave ample ev­idence that the people, in ever in­creasing numbers, were convinc­ed that the cause of the farmworkers is a righteous one.

Much of Chavez's east coasttour was concentrated on gainingadditional support from labor of­ficials and prominent clergymen.As usual he also participated inpicketlines and spolce at massrallies.

ROCHESTER and SYRACUSE:Crowds were large and enthusi­astic as Cesar made his waythrough the Empire state. Twentyfive hundred heard him at a Syr­acuse rally and 1,8.00 in Roch­ester. The UFW president drewa sympathetic response, at theseand other locations, when he de­clared: "The growers and Team­sters have two choices; they caneithf'r let the workers have freeelections or we will force theminto an economic situation wherethey'll have to give in."

NEW JERSEY: Political lead­ers and labor officials joined in

Chavez and the farm workerswere the guests of Cardinal Cookeat a large meeting atSt. Patrick'sCathedral.

"It would seem from theirstory that the Teamsters havegone against all the traditions oftrade unionism," said MonsignorJames J. Wilson, Episcopal vicarof North Manhattan, at a break­fast meeting at the InterfaithCenter after hearing Chavez andother farm workers.

DEPLORABLE CONDITIONS FOUND ATORANGE COUNTY LABOR CAMPS

Forlorn child looles through wire fence of one of many Orange County labor camps found to be in unsanitaryand umleept conditions.

Farms Refuse Visitors

The Irvine Company reCusedto admit the HRC observers whileJack Sakioka of Sakioka Farmsin Santa Ana personally threwout the investigators.

Share Our Selves (SeE) anorganization of Catholic laypeo­pIe Cram Costa Mesa did man­age to investigate the Saki akaFar m, howE'ver, and reported:

"The general condttion oC theentire complex is dirty and rundown. There are no screen doorsand dust pe.rvades everywhere.

"Farm machinery and truckskeep churning up the dirt roads.The only attempt at cleaningbuildings is once a wE'ek.

"Lighting in the barracks Ispoor; overhead 40-60 watt bU~bS.

There are no tables, chaIrs,lockers, clothes racks, etc.

"The men are Issued oneblanket and a thin mattress pad.There is no provision for pri­vacy and no recreational facil­ities."

(Sa; has played an importantrole in calling attention to campproblems and has begun Englishand health care classes at Sev­eral oC the camps.)

trician from Orange, is generalmedical care, dental care, im­munization, TB screening andknowledge of where to go toget treatment. The workers mustalso be free Cram intimidationfrom the camp operators whenthey seek care.

In the past some labor campoperators have threatened tofireworkers iC they sought treatment."Illegal" aliens are especiallyafraid to seek care because theyfear their status will be dis­covered which would lead totheirdeportation.

After the HRC investigation,members of the 1973-74 OrangeCounty grand jury also visitedthe camps. After their visit,A.W. Gazley, Corman of the jury,said; "condlttons observed byjurors confirm those reportedby the Human Relations Com­mission."

In a letter to the county boardof supervisors, Gazlay wrote;"Citizens of Orange Countyshould bow in shame, not onlyat the inhuman conditions ob­served, but also that their electedor appointed officials should beso derelict in their duties thatthey permit these conditions toexist."

The 1913-74 grand jury wasdismissed July 1, 1974. Thisdismissal date did not give thegrand jury time to compileenough evidence to indict anycamp operators. However, Gaz­lay told reporters, "I think def­initrly that laws were violated."

All the conditions witnessedby the HHC and the grand jury,are the very same which UFWhas described for years and wantsto abolish.

UFW cannot stand indifferentlywhile people are being SUbjectedto Cilth, disease, and exploita­tion, such as is Cound in thesework camps. The union will con­tinue to fight "La Causa" untilall these indignities are abol­ished.

They say they are Teamster or­ganizers and that they representyou. Is that true?"

A unanimous "No" echoed a­cross the auditorium as the youngvolunteer director asked his sec­ond question.

"Then is the only solution tokeep up the boycott?"

"Yes" came back an even loud­er response, "Si Se Puede".

Cesar Chavez also hugged andintroduced Mr. Bhagavit the lead­er of India's largest farm workerconfederation, who broughtgreetings from his countries 50million farm workers.

Once again, like so many ti mesin the past, Cesar Chavez re­newed the United Farm Workerscommitment to the protractedstruggle for justice.

"The day must come" he con­clUded, Hwhen by the force of theboycott and the support of thou­sands of men and women acrossthe nation, and your strength anddedication to justice, we will befree to have our own union to ful­fill the aspirations of all thefarm workers here in Salinas andover the whole United States."

minimal and for a long timethe county health department re­Cused to administer care sincethey saw the camps as privatepremises and out of their juris­diction.

Only when conditions at thecamps threatened the welfare ofpeople living outside the bar­racks would the health depart­ment step in.

Due to the closeness of bedsin the barracks and lack oCpropermedical care contagious diseasesare an especially serious prob­lem. Tuberculosis and Venerealdiseases afflicting many work­ers. YO is especially difficultto stop because the migrant pop­ulation is often moving.

What is needed according toDr. Joseph A. Carella, a pedla-

rich with the blood of those whowork the fields."

Chavez then cited the case ofworkers at Norton Co. who ranthe Teamsters dues, yet werenot fired.

"They won't fire them, theywon't fire them because they areunited and they have never paidthose dues."

Chavez added that while theTeamster contracts are illegal.the way in which the Teamsterunion recently raised both duesand initiation fees is doubly il­legal. According toFederallaborlaws a vote by a workers con­vention is required to raise suchfees.

Rev. John Blethen of Los An­geles captured the applause andlaughter of the crowd when he toldthem in Spanish, "It's hot inhere, but it's going to be a lothotter for the Teamsters."

Fred Ross Jr., director of theSan Francisco boycott asked justtwo questions of the farmworkers.

"In the Bay Area there aretwo men. One is Tony Mendezand the other is called Uribe.

wages, however, goes back tothe growers since deductions aremade Cor food, board, clothingand personal items which thegrowers sell.

For example, H. Fugishgecharges $106 a month for meals,Ito and Sons $26.00 a week andVilla Park $4.50 a day.

One camp is reportedly earn­ing profits of $50,000 a yearbut is failing to pay state andfederal taxes. So not only dothe migrants have to pay a largeportion of their wages back tothe grower but the general pub­lic loses also since taxes arenot being paid.

Aside from bad living condi­tions HRC also reported thathealth care at the camps was

Strike Wave Looms(continued from page 1)

warning system, a standard fea­ture on UFW lettuce contracts.

The crowd was stunned by thenews, as Chavez reminded themthat only one month earlier aBruce Church Inc. truck had runover and killed 44 year old PedroDiaz in another Salinas lettucefield.

"Ater two deaths and so manyinjuries we see the growers andTeamsters still don't have thedignity to desire to protect theworker," said Chavez.

"What dothey care?" he asked,II since we are just farm workers'!What can It mean to those whoare happy with their treasonouscontracts? What does it matter tothem that the workers suCfer asthey do? What has it cost them?What do they know? How manymare will die?

"This gang of men that haveno respect for the working man'srights just come to take awayyour dues, making themselves

Santa Ana, Calif..-T~e OrangeCounty humanRelationscommis~

sian (HRC) released a reportJune 14 revealin(, what it de­scribed as, deplorable and un­sanitary Carm labor camps whichhouse some 2,000 migrant Carmworkers in this county just southoC Los Angeles.

Two researchers, Daniel NietoCram HRC and Mildred Mlller(executive directoress oC thecounty Fair Housing Council),conducted a Cour-week investi­gation oC 11 camps Cor HRCin May oC this year.

Nieto and M1l1er found thatthe 1;ri-County camp in Hunting­ton Beach, owned by TalbertFarmers As:;ociation had, "bar­racks where the workers sleptconsisted oC 18 bunkbeds on eachside oC the wall. The mattresseswere filthy along with the bed­ding. Some of the beds had sheets,many did not."

"There were flies inside andclothing washed by hand hang­ing on a string, tied Crom onE'bed to the other. The cementnoors were filthy. There WE'reheaters, but in some barracksthey worked and in others theydid not."

Nieto also visited anothercamp, operated under the nameOrange County Vegetable Grow­<!rs in Huntington Peach and own·ed by Fujita Farms, and de­scribed it saying:

"The first thing that hit meat this camp was the smell oCurine on the grounds outsidf'the facility.••This camp had onelong barrack which housed 136men." Nieto also reported thebeds were Cilthy and lackedenough blankets.

sheets of tin for walls. On hotdays they're like an oven, oncold days or nights like a re­frigerator. A few buildings weremade of concrete blocks but with­out proper heating they get verycold at night.

- The ratio of building spaceto men was found to be veryinadequate at all camps.

- Only two of the sites hadproper heating faciUties.

- Most windows were dirtyor broken and usually closedoff, which prevented ventilation.

- Poor lighting existed at mostsites and several butldings hadlive exposed wiring.

- Several of the kitchens wereextremely filthy and fire haz­ardous. They also lacked properstorage space, forcing food itemsto be stocked on the noor. Flies,mosquitoes and rat droppingswere found in many oC the kitch­ens.- Most camps had no laundry

Cacilities Cor workers to washtheir clothes.

- Most toilet areas observed,according to the report, "werea disgrace to human sensitiVity••,extremely filthy and unsanitary."There was also a lack oC enoughCaciUties.

- Open sewers were seen atseveral camps.

- No posting of minimum wagestandards or benefits.

- The workers were not warn­ed about recently dusted areasnor of other pesticide dangers.Many Carm laborers said pestL­cide dust had entered their liv­ing quarters and eating areas.

- Nutritional diets ai laborcamps were very poor, consist­ing mostly of heavy, starchy

In brief, investigators found foods rather than a balancedconditions varied from camp to diet.camp but most places Wf're no- - Several of the camps hadthing more than run down bar- poor rubbish disposaLracks. For example: HRC estimated that most of

-Most housing witnessed by the workers living in these campsthe HRC was made of poor qua- were paid an average of $2.30lIty wood slat. others had single an hour. A large portion of the

Page 14 - July 31, 1974 - E I Malcriado

Desperation and lonliness in the faces and minds 01 "illegal" aliens used by the growers and their allies to try to destroy the heart of thecampesino movement. This drecepit barren labor camp, and many lilce it, will be allowed to flourish by a bought-out Immigration Ser­vice-until the time the aliens are no longer needed; then they'll be easily found and sent baclc home.

(Photos by Mimi Plumb)

E I Malcriado - July 31, 1974 - Page 15

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the contract actually coveredvery few of Antle's workers.

The rest of the lettuce in­dustry signed sweetheart .con­tracts with the Teamsters in1970 in an effort to stave offan organizing drive by the UFW.Nearly 10,000 workers respondedwith a massive strike which wonback five of the cOl'llracts withsome of the largest growers.

Cesar Chavez was jailed fortwo weeks in Salinas that winterfor his organizing efforts.

The workers now under theremaining Teamster contractsfind themselves faced with thesame problems that have

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The latest hit' ill"5', & LP',

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Antle Eliminates Jobs

Lorge selec:tion of lw4cxican curiosand carets for all cxcasi0ft5

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Bud Antle set out to destroythe rapidly expandingShed Work­ers Union. He introduced twotechnological innovations: pack­ing the lettuce in the fields in­stead of in packing houses, andrapid cooling with a vacuum pro­cess. These changes eliminatedthe jobs of 8,000 recently or­ganized shed workers withinthree years.

Antle proceeded to sign thefirst sweetheart contract withthe Teamsters in the lettuceindustry in 1961, following astrong strike in the ImperialValley by the Agricultural Work­ers OrganiZing Committee. AFL­ClO. Although the Teamstershave widely advertised this con­tract a proof of their long stand­ing interest in farm workers,

ized by such farmer groups asthe Western Growers ProtectiveAssociation (now the WesternGrowers Association).

Union halls and labor campswere gas bombed and burnedand labor organizers were jail­ed. Scabs escorted by armedguards were rushed through pick­et lines as police dispersed strik­ers with smoke bombs.

were brought in to work thefields.

An employer at a conventionof fruit growers and farmersin the 1930's expressed theircommonly held attitude towardthe Mexican workers when hesaid, "We want the Mexicansbecause we can treat them aswe cannot treat any other liv­ing man••,we can control themby keeping them at night behindbolted gates, within a stockadeeight feet high, surrounded bybarbed wire...we can make themwork under armed guard in thefields. "

(Reminds one of what grow­er's wife Ann Merill said lastyear when she called strikers"Orangutangs" at a meeting inSalinas.)

The labor contractor was es­tablished by the 1930's as thecore of the agricultural laborsystem, allowing the growersto escape from having to dealdirectly with the workers.

Contractors had complete pow­er to hire and fire workerswithout justification and capital­ized on the workers' fear andignorance to keep them finan­cially indebted and virtually en­slaved in' run-down labor camps.

Workers, however, tried he­roically to organize. 78 agri­cultural strikes erupted in Cal­ifornia during the first half ofthe 1930's, including a largestrike by Filipino and Mexicanfield and shed workers in 1934and a strike by 4,000 shed work­ers in 1936.

These early strikes were bru­tally repressed by local policeand Vigilante committees organ-

Salinas, Calif. - The farmworker's current fight againstTeamsters Union dues is thelatest development in the strug­gle against Salinas Valley agri­business which began when ice­berg lettuce turned the valleyinto a boom area in the 1920's.

Lettuce monopolists, for de­cades, have consistently usedtheir economic and political pow­er to fight unionizing effortsby farm and packing shed work­ers.

The lettuce barons have usedoutright repression, mechaniza­tion to eliminate jobs, the im­portation of "illegal" aliens, andthe use of the powerful Team­sters Union to eliminate con­tract protections won by the Unit­ed Farm Workers (UFW) union.

Few Companies ControlThe valley today is controlled

by a handful of companies suchas Bud Antle (Dow Chemical),Bruce ChurCh, InterHarvest(United Fruit), D'Arrigo, and oth­ers- whose land holdings extendfar beyond Salinas into southernCalifornia, Arizona, Colorado,and even Latin America. Antlealone controls 40% of the na·tion's wrapped lettuce.

The average size of a Salinasfarm in 1971 was 1,103 acres,more than three times the na­tional average. The number ofacres of lettuce harvested inSalinas remained nearly con­stant between 1963 and 1973 butthe market value nearly tripled,from $35.5 million to $119 mil­lion.

Thousands of farm workersaveraged 2-1/2~ for each headharvested while two dozen let-

~~C~96\~owers each profited 7~ IMPEACHMENTThe introduction of iceberg b I I C

lettuce in the 20's sparked waves ecause ove my ountryof migrations as Chinese, Jap- With flag in red, white & blue. Bumpersticker: S.35 @, 5/S I, lOO/SI2, Smalleranese, Hindus, Filipinos, poor sticker: S.35 @, 10/SI, lOO/S5, Fast delivery, Constitutional Enterprises, Inc.,Whites, and, finally Mexicans non-profit, PO Box S4129d, Atlanta, Ga. 30308 LOCAL REPS WANTED

Page 16 - July 31, 1974 - E I Malcriado

UFW Calls forSloane Strike Support

Los Angeles, Calif.- The Unit- right to be represented by aed Farm Workers of America union of their choice.last week again called on its For the past year and onesupporters to back the strike half more than 500 membersand boycott against the R&G of Local 621 of the AFL-CIOSloane Company. United Rubber Workers have been

Previously the UFW supported on strike against Sloane. Theythe strike and boycott against charge that the management isFarah Manufacturing which ended out to destroy the union andup in these workers winning the is determined to impose unsafe

Farm WorkersStrike in Portugal

Hiram Rivero, President of United Rubber Workers Local 621 , is into thethick of things during union's strike against R&G Sloan Co. in Los Angeles.

to buy raw material, with avicious attempt to smash theunion and to eliminate many ofthe benefits won since the unionwas organized.

Loc:..! 621 president, HiramRivera, says, "we're determinedto win the strike, this isn't justan attack on Local 621, it'san attack on all unions by bigbusiness."

In addition to the UFW, manyother unions and community or­ganizations have come to thesupport to the embattled R&GSloane Co.

open shop under the managementproposal. Also the company de­manded that it be the only judgeas to whether workers are en­titled to a 5 percent merit in­crease.

The management refused toattend negotiating meetings call­ed by the Federal Mediation andConciliation Service on two oc­casions.

The Sloane Management hasrepaid the workers, who iQ 1955gave up their pay checks forseveral weeks so that the com­pany's ewners could have money

and long discarded working con­ditions on the work force.

Sloane, once the world's larg­est manufacturers of plastic pipefittings, has paid a big pricein its attempt to continue op­erating.

In the course of the strikethe company has plummeted fromfirst place in sales in the nationto 21st.

Safety of the workers is oneof the key issues in this labordispute. In 1958, before the unionwas organized in the plant, therewere 150 industrial accidentson the premises.

Now, according to union of­ficials, things have again reach-eda crisis stage because of man­agement policies. Workers nowinside the plant have reportedthat numerous accidents, includ­ing two deaths, have taken placesince the beginning of the year.

Sloane, Which is owned by theSusquehana Corporation, de­manded a contract that wouldcompel workers to put in asmany as 12 hours daily withoutovertime pay. Also that therewould be no overtime pay forSaturday or Sunday work.

The company proposed a wageand work schedule which wouldlower the weekly income of strik­ers by $42 a week. Replacingthe union shop clause that pre­viously existed in the contractwould be one providing for an

Their contract calls for 90 daysof guaranteed work and $7.60 aday for men and $4.80 a day forwomen, as top wages.

The wage demands in the Mon­toito area are similar to thoseof the settled contracts. While aminimum wage of $132 a monthwas set by the national govern­ment a few weeks ago, this doesnot apply ot service and agricul­tural workers.

At the same time, strikes arediscouraged and it is punishableunder law for the press to en­courage workers to walk out.

The wheat harvest in the struckarea was a month behind, as ofJuly 4. Because of this danger tothe crops, workers in anotherarea of southern Portugal wereunable to settle their greivanceswith the landowners.

Montoito, Portugal - Strikingfarm workers in the south of thisnewly reformed country are be­ginning the first outbreak ofpeaceful unrest in nearly, half acentury.

The far m workers are demand­ing wage increases to keep upwith the rising inflation of 20 percent a year, along with strikersin two other towns 100 milessoutheast of Lisbon.

The area's military commandhas attempted to portray the out­breaks as "leftist inspired" andclaims the strikers are respon­sible for several recent fires.

However, although strikes arenot yet technically legal the newmilitary government of GeneralSpinola has instituted a policy oftolerance and is hoping to settlethe current outbreak of strikes inthe urban and rural areas in apeaceful manner.

ewe ry United Farm Workers

Please include your check QJ'- mOlley order madeout to EL TALLER GRAFICO, .

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1C!ENl, CA. • 93531 I..._----------------------------------...-------_..- - ------ --- ---- --.EI Malcriado - July 31, 1974 - Page 17

ation. Protestors were Shiftedto bad work assignments accord­ing to later NLRB testimony.

In northern California Team­sters drove through cannery linesand broke all strikes in Juneand July 1937. The strikes atHeinz and Cal- Pak were calledoff.

Another strike at CaliforniaConserving Company collapsedwhen Teamsters crossed thepicket line. The strike at Fe­lice and Perrelli in Richmondwas broken and a "Cannery Em­ployees Association" was setup by the employers to replacethe striking union.

The Santa Clara Labor Coun­cil reported, '~Nocanneryworkerwho wore a union button, car­ried a union book or who hadtaken part in union activities,was given voice or vote in thenew Santa Clara union."

The San Jose Union Gazetteon July 2, 1937 said, "It isfrankly admitted that it was thecanners concern over possiblestrikes that led to the sweepingorganization of the canneries•••and new unions created underleaders acceptable to the em­ployers. The employers lent ahand in this reorganization workby encouraging and even insist­ing that their employees jointhe new unions."

The canners even paid fora "cannery workers" ne.wspaperand hired 'Bobs' Purcell, a for­mer San Francisco Chroniclenewspaperman, to be its editor.

The canner sponsored "uni­ons" were formed during a Cal­ifornia Council of Cannery Un­ions. Teamster Local 70 Sec­retary Charles Real became thepresident of the council and lenthis prestige as a leader of whatwas considered a bonafide union.(The Teamsters were not readyat that time to take over out­right jurisdiction). St. Sure lateradmitted he didn't think therewas a great deal of assurancethat they represented a majorityof the people.(END OF PART ONE)

Part two of the history of theTeamsters takeover will appearin the next edition.

strike said, "In short SheriffOdell delivered the authority ofhis office to the Associ­ated Farmers of San JoaquinCounty."

The Marysville Democrat, adaily newspaper, reported,"Sheriff Harvey Odell told themen behind the cannery barri­cade, 'you will take orders fromthe colonel and report to him.He will tell you what to do.' "

Fortune MagaZine, the leadingbusiness pUblication, in 1938 de­scribed the Associated Farmersas "the violently anti-union As­sociated Farmers, run by thebig growers but supported andmanned by the little ones whopay dues and wield pickhandlesand rifles in case of trouble."

The Associated Farmers de­cided to personally drive scabtrucks through strike lines, aplan unopposed by Teamster of­ficials.

The 'Battle of Stockton,' alsoknown as 'Black Friday,' "wasthe bloodiest battle in Stockton'sindustrial history," according tothe San Francisco Chronicle.

The canneries re-opened andthe Teamsters, led by Teamsterofficial Joseph Mc Manus who wasalso state AFL vice-president,helped the Stockton canners or­ganize a new union, the "Can­nery Workers Union," to replacethe Agricultural Workage Union.Foremen and foreladies werethe officers of the new union.

Vincent Dunne, a classmateand fraternity brother ofSt. Sure,was appointed president of the"Cannery Workers Union." TwoStockton bank officials, CarrolGrunsky of the Stockton FirstNational Bank and Leonard Du­prey of Stockton Savings andLoan, testified in front of LRBin 1938 that Dunne received$4,543 to finance the new unionfrom the Stockton Merchants As­sociation and Mor-Pak cannery.

Cannery workers were allowedto vote only if they presenteda signed receipt from McManus.Foremen and foreladies activelypromoted the union in the fourStockton canneries: StocktonFood ProdUcts, Richmond Chase,Mor Pak, and Packwell Corpor-

Charles 0, Cline, an 80 year old janitor, striking Stockton Food Products,is led away after being beaten by several vigilantes deputized by a

, growers' group during the infamous Battle of Stockton in 1937.-La Follette Hearings

The Teamster leadership, atthe executive meeting, advisedSt. Sure they were prepared togo through the picket lines. St.Sure regarded this as the actualbeginning of relationships be­tween the Teamsters as the over­seers ofthe operation, and CP&G.

Real ordered Local 70 driversto strikebreak but on April 9,1000 cannery strikers held amass meeting in the East Bay,marched en masse to the Team­ster's hall, leafletted a Local70 meeting and pleaded for con­tinued strike support.

The drivers responded by vot­ing 175 to 35 to refuse to strike­break. Local 70 President Clif­ford Lester declared, "Nobodyhas the right to order men tobecome strikebreakers.".

In retaliation IBT PresidentDan Tobin removed all Local70 officers except Real, tookover the local directly throughtrusteeship, and named IBT Rep­resentative Joe Casey the trus­tee to run it' for him.

Dave Beck ArrivesBut the rank and file continued

their defiance, forcing Tobin tosend Dave Beck, IBT vice-presi­dent from Seattle, to quell them.Beck had already obtained a rep­utation in Washington and Oregonfor signing sweetheart contractswith employers in warehouses.

Beck organized a Teamstermass meeting in oakland in Mayand presented a 'wage increaseproposal of a dollar an hour(five dollars by today's stand­ards), negotiated with the Dray­man's Association, the Lumber­man's Association, and the chainstores in the East Bay. Themembers were also asked tovote confidence in the Interna­tional's policy of strikebreaking.Both proposals carried.

RegUlar Local 70 meetingswere suspended through the endof the cannery season. TrusteeJoe Casey told the East BayLabor Journal in OCtober, "un­til the deposed officers are triedby this uni-on, no further meetingswill be held."

Meanwhile, the AgriculturalWorkers Union, backed by thelocal Central Labor Council, be­gan organiZing Stockton canner­ies in March. Strikes broke outin four canneries when demandswere rejected by the owners,forcing them to close.

The strike was broken vio­lently by a grower's army of1200 during the 'Battle of Stock­ton.'

The grower's army assembledin the early morning darknessof April 23, 1937, supposedlyunder San Joaquin County SheriffHarvey Odell but really com­manded by Col. Walter E. Gar­rison, President of the Associ­ated Farmers.

U.S. Senator Lafollette's com­mittee which investigated the

Rank and File Movement

•••

Destroys

by Don WatsonEditor's Note - The current

attempt by the alliance of cor­porate owners and the Interna­tional Brotherhood of Teamsters(lBT) to destroy the United FarmWorkers is not the first ti methis has happened in labor his­tory.

IBT's takeover of the canneryindustry in northern Californiais a history of strikebreakingby the Teamsters, their use ofcoercion, sweetheart contracts,and a shocking disregard forthe -goals and aspirations of thelabor rank and file movement.

The following is the first ofthree articles describing theTeamsters takeover of the can­neries.

Teamsters-Canneries Connivance

AN HISTORICAL LOOK AT THE 18T (PART ONE) -_.

was made by the militant par­tisans of the Longshoremen Har­ry Bridges whom practically allCalifornia industry hates andfears."

According to a ruling issuedby the National Labor RelationsBoard (NLRB), 62 canneries inCalifornia in November 1936"entered upon mutual coursesof action for the purpose ofcombatting and interfering withself- organization and freedom ofchoice of representatives."

They organized the CaliforniaProcessors and Growers andhired a labor relations attorney,Harrison Robinson, who put themin touch with J. Paul St. Sure,a rising young employer's at­torney.

California canneries, whichbegan operation in the 19th cen­tury, grew to be huge corpora­tions by the late 1930's. Cal­ifornia Packing Company, or CalPak, emerged.in 1916 out ofa Wall Street sponsored mergerof four companies and by 1939directly farmed 69,000 acres of

Labor history shows that it land and controlled 40,000 underhas been alplOst as difficult for lease. Huge corporations likeunions to organize in the can- Cal-Pak, Libby, and Heinz grewneries as in the fields. The to dominate the canning industry.American Federation of Labor The first move by the Cali-(AFL), formed at the turn of fomia Processors and Growersthe century, was at first cau- (CP&G) to dampen the organiZingtious about entering them but effort was to grant two voluntarythe Industrial Workers of the wage' increases in all their can-World (IWW), a more radical neries in December 1936 andorganization formed in 1905, February 1937, "So that the leastmade organizational attempts be- possible basis ~ill exist for dis-fore World War I. pute between cannery workers

The "Toilers of the World" and their employers." (Quotemade the best organizational ef- from an editorial in Westernfort in San Jose. Holding an Canner and Packer).AFL charter, they struck in 1918 Workers Strike Cannerieswith mass picketing and demon- But canners were still facedstrations. They were accused with a crisis. Cannery strikesof being connected with the IWW broke out at the giant Cal-yakand of being "German spies," (five strikes), Heinz, Felice andand their strike was ultimately Perrelli, and California Con-crushed by Vigilantes and a "Cit- serving Co. in January 1937.izens Committee." Union drives were underway at

The Cannery and Agricultural San Francisco, the San Fran-Workers Industrial Union unsuc- cisco East Bay area (East Bay),cessfully tried to organize in Stockton, Sacramento, Modesto1933 with the help of the Com- and San Jose, utilizing radiomunist Party whose leaders were broadcasts, leaflet distributions,later jailed under the Criminal mass meetings and newspapers.Syndicalism Act, a harsh Cali- The canners decided to meetfornia law. with representatives of IBT for

The AFL became serious in assistance.1935, when the canneries came' The first meeting with theunder the Wagner National Labor Teamsters was held in FebruaryRelations Act. A statewide con- 1937. St. Sure, by now a leadingference was held at Stockton canners spokesman, said the can-in 1936 and AFL charters were ners wanted to find a 'responsi-issued to organize canneries ble union' to deal with.throughout northern California. The Teamsters were reluctant

An AFL organizing drive won at first to get involved withthe support of the Longshore- the canneries because the chaoticmen's Union now the Interna- industry was difficult to organize.tional Longshoremen and Ware- However, St. Sure asked thehousemen Union (ILWU), which Teamsters to cross the pickethad a considerable power on the lines at Cal- Pak at the EastPacific coast following the 1934 Bay in April 1937. The Team-waterfront strike. sters were having a meeting

Fortune MagaZine said in 1938, of their executive council in Flor-"Not until the 1930's was any ida and St. Sure called Charliestrong effort made to organize Real, secretary of Teamster'scannery labor; and that effort Local 70 in the East Bay.

Page 18 - July 31,1974 - EI Malcriado

THE RANCH COMMITTEEWHAT YOU- SHOULD KNOWABOUT SOCIAL SECURITY

LA RAZA BOOKSTORi

rRAULrOROCERyltGroceries - Soft Drinks - Beer tt Wine. TeL 875 - 6123 tM~. & Mrs.Haul Lqzada •I Viva La Causa ,

• 1223 J. St. Sanger. Ca. 93657,L.~~~~~~~~

r~~~~~~~,

t AVILA S MARKET tPit Bar-B-Que Every Sunday

t Groceries, Beer. Wine. tt 52-717 Harrison Blvd. t,Hiway 86 Coachella 398- 9827.t~~~~~~~~

Manager"hi lip Sanchez

Co. Manage..luis Gonzalez

\lon.-Fri. 12 to 5iaturday II to J .

Viva-l.a CQuso

IU8F. StreetPl1oM: <Y6 -51JJSacramento, -Co

95814

• • • you're 62 or older andplan to stop working.

• • • you're within 2 or 3months of 65 even if you don'tplan to stop working.

• .. someone in your familydies. .

The Social Security Admini­stration has offices throughoutthe country. For the addressof your nearest office, look inthe phone book or ask at yourpost office.

And, finally, you may alwaysappeal any decision of the SocialSecutity Administration.

f) At the end of a year, tearout the postcard in the backof your record book and sendit in to social security for in­formation on the money paidto your account during the year.Extra cards are avallable forfuture years.

g) If you change employers,be sure to give your new em­ployer your social security num­ber.

h) Most important be sureyour employer takes your so­cial security contribution out ofyour pay. The people responsiblefor making the social securitydeductions and for recording andsending them in don't alwaysdo this.' If this happens to youwhat can you do?

First, check your social se­curity record by sending a "re­quest for statement of earnings"postcard to the Baltimore head­quarters office. Social Securitywill tell you by mail how muchis credited to your account. Ifnothing is credited, or if it seemsthat more should be there, youcan start to straighten out therecord by going to or callingthe local social security office.Should investigation show thatyou are eligible for social se­curity coverage which was notreported,. social security willcredit your record for the un­reported earnings.

Remember, get in touch withyour social security office orCampesino Center if:

• • • you're unable to workbecause of an illness or injurythat is expected to last a yearor longer.

eligible for social security atage 65 are also eligible forcoverage under medicare. Peo­ple who have been receiving so­cial security disability benefitsfor 2 consecutive years, or in­sured people and their depen­dents who suffer from chronickidney disease also qualify formedicare. You are covered undermedicare at age 65 Whether youretire or not, and regardlessof your income or ability topay.

These are the steps a workermust take to become eligiblefor social security benefits:

a) Get an application for asocial security number, eitherfrom a local social security of­fice or Campesino Center. Ap­plicants must now provide evi­dence to establish their age,citizenship, alien status and trueidentity.

b) Complete the questions onthe card, sign your name andl' eturn the card to the socialsecurity office.

c) When you receive your so­cial security number, take it toyour employer. Tell him youwant social security deductedfrom your pay. Be sure he re­cords your number correctly.

d) When you are paid, markdown in your social securityrecord book (available free fromany social security office) thedate and amount you were paid.Also note your employer's nameand address.

e) Ask your employer for areceipt of wages and deductionseither at the end of a year orwhen you leave an employer.

wife, both receiving benefits, isnow $298 a month; for a retiredworker living alone, can receive$174; and the average familypayment for a disabled worker,his wife and one or more child­ren is eligible for is $389 amonth. For a widowed motherwith two children, the averageis $418 a month.Here is a summary of benefits:

Here is a summary of bene­fits:

1) Retirment income. You be­gin collecting at age 65 (or asearly as 62 at a reduced rate).Benefits may also be paid toyour wife at age 62, or at anyage if she is caring for yourchildren under 18 or for anunmarried dependent child whowas totally disabled before 22;they may also be paid to yourunmarried dependent childrenunder 18, or between the agesof 18 to 22 if they are full­time stUdents, or at any age ifthey were totally disabled before22.

2) Payments if you are dis­abled. Benefits are paid to youat any age under 65 (and to youreligible dependents) if you areso severely disabled that yOIlare not expected to be able towork for 12 months or more.

3) Payments to your familyif you die. Benefits are paidto your family or other depen­dents if you die insured at anyage.

4) Medicare. This is the basichospital and medical insuranceplan which protects you againstthe costs of inpatient hospitaland medical services and re­lated post- hospital care. Those

When you work in the fieldsyou get paid but what happenswhen you become too old towork? Or hurt or sick? Howwill you feed your family? Andwhat will happen to your familyif you die?

Social Security protects youand your family against lossof income in old age, disabilityor death and medicare protectsyou against the heavy medicalexpenses of old age and severedisability. It is not a welfareprogram but an arrangementbe­tween you and your employerand the federal government inwhich you earn your protectionby working for a certain periodof time in what is known as"covered employment."

Social Security "covers" farmworkers who over the year earn$150 or more from one employeror who al'e employed by oneemployer for 20 or more dayson a "time-basis" rather thanon "piece-rate basis."

During your working life youcontribute part of your pay toa fund and your employers con­tribute an equal amount. Whenyou become unable to work be­cause of age (or .death or dis­ability) you or your survivorsor dependents receive monthlycash benefits from this socialsecurity fund.

The program covers workerswherever they move and coverswor·kers who are not U.s. cit­izens. Benefits are paid outsidethe United States to coveredworkers, their dependents andsurvivors.

The average monthly socialsecurity for a retired man and

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EI Malcriado - July 31, 1974 - Page 19

25,Grou

•Iveu porn

sters•IXo

Te

Highly paid Teamster goons ($69.50 per day) mill about during last year's-Coachella strike. When Teamstermoney isn't used to pay goon squads it's going to such things as President Nixon's campaign to stay in officeand not back to the worker where it belongs.

Plastic Pipe And Fittings

dispute over representation ofCalifornia farm workers unlessthey could "find some way towork against the UFW (Chavez)union."

The Department ofLabor obey­ed and refused to take action,throughout the ¥ear, on repeatedUFW complaints that the Team­sters were interfering in negotiations between the UFW and thelettuce growers.

Colson sent another memo tothe same agencies unlawfully di­recting them to take action ag­ainst the UFW, late in 1971. Inthis memo he made it clear whothe administration was going toback in organizing the farm work­ers.

He wrote,"The Teamsters un­ion is now organizing in the areaand will probably. sign up mostof the grape growers this com­ing spring and this will need oursupport against the UFW."

During the presidential elect­ion year the Departments of La­bor and Justice continued to re­fuse to interfere and denied UFWrequests for investigation and as­sistence as IBT thugs attackedUFW picket lines.

The Department of Defense al­so helped in quashing UFW ef­forts when it increased its buyingof scab grapes and lettuce. Thiswas done at the time the UFW in­tensified its boycott work and tonsof scab grapes and lettuce werebeing destroyed.

Even to day the Department ofDefense continues to be the worldslargest buyer 'of non-union farmprodUcts.

Nixon and the Teamsters haveproven that they are the closestof friends and that despite thepresident's drop in popularitythey will continue to scratch eachothers backs.

DO NOT BUY

R&G Sloane Manufacturing Corp., Sun Valley, California. Onstrike for 16 months (Local 621, United RUbber, Cork, I.;inoleum .and Plastic Workers).

Cigarettes And Tobacco

Thermos Bottles, Jars, Lunch Boxes, And Kerosene Lamps

Aladdin Industries, Inc., Nashville, Tennesee••••sold under itsown name and other labels including Dura-Clad, Thermo Kingand Economy. (United Steelworkers of America).

Table Grapes And Iceberg Head Lettuce

All table grapes and' iceberg head lettuce that does not bearthe Union Label of the United Farmworkers of America.

R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company•••producers of Winston, Salem,Camels, Doral, and Vantage. Winchester (Little Cigars) andPrince Albert Smoking Tobacco. (Tobacco Workers InternationalUnion).

sponded to Nixon's bidding and. many Teamsters did not join the

strike.The Nixon administration,

which is notorious for selling itsfavors, has not neglected itsTeamster friends and has aidedthem in organizing their forcesin the farm industry.

Charles Colson, then specialcounsel to the president, in May1971 wrote and delivered a memoto the Departments of Labor andJustice and the National LaborRelations Board instructing themnot to interfere in the IBT-UFW

Fitzsimmons continued to offerhis services to Nixon when hebecame vice-chairman of Demo-crats for Nixon which was fin­anced by the Committee to re­elect the President.

Fitzsimmons is still in Nixon'sback pocket, earlier this year ,forexamp~e, Nixon told him to per­suade lBT drivers from joining atrucker shut down and strike or­ganized in protest of rising gasprices. Fitzsimmons gladly re-

superlatives but he also openedthe unions' coffers to him.

In 1972, Fitzsimmons drew twomillion dollars from the union'spension fund for use of the pres­idential campaign and directedIBT officials and employees tosupport and make cash contribu­tions to the re-election cam­paign. IBT individuals gladly 0­

beyed and responded by giving there-election committee $25,000 in1972

Washington, D.Cr-The Inter­national Brotherhood, of Team­sters (IBT) has contr-ibuted$25,000 to the National CitizensCommittee for Fairness to thePresidency, becoming one of theheaviest financial supporters ofNixon's rapidly deterioratingpresidency.

The Committee for Fairnesshas grown into a heavily finaced,sophisticated, computer assistedoperation in the last year whichwas made possible by large con­tributers, like the Teamsters.

The Teamster contribution,which was authorized by the IBTboard, is the largest ever givento the committee by a group orindividuals except for moniesgiven to the committee by a groupgiven by an au named high offica]of the committee.

IBT President Frank E. Fitz­simmons claims the committee"is non partisan, and its only in­terests are good government.With this rationale, Fitzsimmonssaw no reasons not to draw the$25,000 from the union's politicaleducation funds which generallymakes contributions to candi­dates for political office.

The Nixon and IBT have beenpatronizing each other for yearsand this contribution is the latestexample of the bond that existsbetween them.

The Teamsters strongly sup­ported Nixon in 1972 althoughmost of labor remained neu­tral and Fitzsimmons even wentso far as to proclaim that Nixonwould go down in history as thegreatest president the countryever had. Not only did Fitz­simmons laud the president with

Violence-prone Teamster "guard" contingents like this is one method the Teamster union's leadership tries tosuppress the farm worker movement. Another avenue is its close relationship with the corruption-ridden Nixonadministration which has never been a friend of this country's working man and woman.

Printing

Los Angeles Herald Examiner (10 unions involved covering 2,000workers).

Page 20 - July 31, 1974 - E I Malcriado