eksorb technologies of selective sorbents for contaminated media

EKSORB

Technologies of selective sorbents for contaminated media

EKSORB Scope EKSORB creates highly selective composite inorganic sorbents with desired properties for

more than 20 years The extensive practical experience allows EKSORB to develop products for cleaning liquid

media, humans and animals from radionuclides and heavy metals EKSORB constantly improves its technology for global technogenic challenges

History of EKSORB technologies 1976: The technology of highly selective sorbents was patented in the USSR for the first time. 1979 – 1983: The system of monitoring radiation in marine environment based on selective sorbents was

launched upon orders from the Department of Military Navy of the USSR. 1983-1991: The technology of liquid radioactive wastes treatment was developed and launched in some nuclear

power plants in the USSR. 1989-2014: Participation in state program of environmental remediation of the consequences of the Chernobyl

disaster. Development, testing and implementation of veterinary medications BIFEGE and FERROCYN. 1993: The first European patent (EP 0575612 A1) for EKSORB technology was received. 1995: The first US patent (№5407889) for EKSORB technology was received. 1998: The first international contract for the development of LRW treatment technology. From 2007: In Russia EKSORB is the only supplier of substance for Ferrocinum for human beings. 2011: The development and shipment of sorbents industrial supplies for liquid radioactive waste treatment at

Fukushima. 2013: The formulation of Compoferron (medication for human beings) was developed. 2014: The development of COREBRICK™ technology for liquid radioactive waste treatment. The presentation of

COREBRICK™ technology at WM Symposia (Phoenix, USA). 2014: The agreement with the National Nuclear Center of Kazakhstan was signed. 2014: EKSORB started works on the development of the technology on liquid radioactive waste treatment for

ASSE Mine project (Germany).

EKSORB TechnologiesCore Competence: Development, design and production of highly selective sorbents with desired

properties for cleaning liquid media and organisms of people and animals from radionuclides and heavy metals.

Areas of application HEALTHCARE cleaning organisms of people and animals from radionuclides and heavy metals

ECOSYSTEM PROTECTION:•Cleaning of sea waters and river waters;•blocking the transfer of radionuclides in plants

TREATMENT OF LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTES

Products • Ferrocinum1 – drug for treatment of humans, contaminated with radionuclides and heavy metals.

• Bifege2 – veterinary medication for radionuclides removal from cattle.

Sorbents3 ANFEZH, RATZIR, FEZHEL

Sorbents3 ANFEZH, RATZIR, FEZHEL, NIKET, UNIKET, SMET, DT-30

Technologies under development

Compoferron – drug for humans

COREBRICK™ 4 – technology of treatment and simultaneous conditioning of liquid radioactive wastes.

1 Medications for humans Ferrocinum is a drug for treatment of humans, contaminated with radionuclides and heavy metals. Ferrociinum is a drug, containing of insoluble ferric hexacyanoferrate. It is produced by Federal State Unitary

Enterprise Research and Production Center "Farmzaschita" of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency. EKSORB is the only supplier of main substance for this drug. We supply the substance beginning 2007. There is only one analogue drug in the world – Radiogardase (Heyltex inc.). WHO recommends to any

country to create national stocks with ferrocinum containing drugs – Ferrocinum or Radiogardase. EKSORB has developed improved formulation of new medication – Compoferron, which treats iron deficit

anemia, improves hemoglobin levels and decreases levels of heavy metals in muscles and liver.

2 Veterinary medications BIFEGE - a veterinary medication based on Prussian blue, was developed during the project of the United

Nations E 11, carried out between 1990 – 1995 by IAEA, FAO and a number of European and Russian scientific organizations. Project name is “The Use of Prussian Blue to Reduce Radiocaesium Contamination of Milk and Meat Produced on Territories Affected by the Chernobyl Accident” (IAEA TecDoc 926)

BIFEGE (BIFEZH) and Ferrocyn (FERROCINUM) are registered in Russia as veterinary medications.

2 Veterinary medications Veterinary medications BIFEGE and FERROCINUM have been developed in 1986, for the purpose of

rehabilitation of cattle, affected by Chernobyl accident. Medications remove heavy metals and radionuclides from cattle.

In 1989-2014 EKSORB has participated in State program of remediation of Chernobyl affected areas More than 500 metric tons were shipped to affected territories, as a result more than 1 000 000 heads of

cattle were rehabilitated, and more than 1 000 000 metric tons of safe milk were received. Application of BIFEGE in farms of Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Tatarstan regions has proved high

efficiency of these medications against heavy metals contamination from feeds to the ready dairy and meat products.

It was proved, that BIFEGE decrease contents in muscles: cadmium – in 9 times, lead – in 4 times, arsenic in liver – in 340 times, nickel in milk – on 40%. Lowering of toxic effect is accompanied by normalization metabolic processes. It increased blood levels of calcium, phosphorus and iron, lower cholesterol, normal protein-synthesizing function.

BIFEGE increases weight gain in calves at 20 - 40%, of pigs by 15 - 20%, the additional milk production of cow milk up to 2 liters per day.

Application of ferrocyn-containing medications in Bryansk region, in 1993-2004

BIFEGE Ferrocinum F-boli,th.pcs XJ-90

Volu

me

per y

ear,

mt

3 EKSORB sorbents for nuclear power stations

EKSORB has a great experience in creation of custom sorbents for conditioning of liquid radioactive wastes. Successful tests of FEZHEL sorbent have been made in Kalininskaya, Rovenskaya, Zaporozhskaya,

Balakovskaya and Beloyarskay NPS. EKSORB produces sorbent ANFEZH, which is used by laboratories worldwide for analysis of sea water

for radionuclides contents. EKSORB – OEM producer of cesium selective sorbents for Diversified Technology Systems, Inc. Our sorbents

were used by DTS in Fukushima (Japan) for treatment of seawater contaminated with Cs. We successfully develop sorbents for any solutions, of any pH, salt levels and radiochemical contents. We

have experience with solutions in Kazakhstan, Slovakia, Sweden. We consider ourselves experts in the sorbents fixing radionuclides and heavy metals in any liquids. Next step in conditioning of LRW is Corebrick technology

3 EKSORB sorbents extraction efficiency

Data from “Pre-concentration and measurement of low levels of gamma-ray emitting radioisotopes in coastal waters”,Bryan B. Bandong, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, 2001. www.llnl.gov


Data from “Pre-concentration and measurement of low levels of gamma-ray emitting radioisotopes in coastal waters”,Bryan B. Bandong, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, 2001. www.llnl.gov

Solution type

Regenerate from block desalination units

Regenerate from special purification

water

Floor drain waters Water from cooling ponds of fuel assembly

Filtration rate, m3 / hour 16.2 23.0 8.1 2.4

It was cleared columnar volumes 3000 700 3000 330

Cs-134, Ci / L

Initial solution 2.110-9 - 1.2 10-7 3.9 10-6

Cleared solution <3.0 10-10 - <3.0 10-10 <3.0 10-10

Cs-137,Ci / L

Initial solution 2,2 10-9 7.4 10-9 1.3 10-7 2.5 10-6

Cleared solution <3,0 10-10 4.2 10-10 <3.0 10-10 <3.0 10-10

Co-60,Ci / L

Initial solution 1,8 10-9 7.2 10-10 2.2 10-8

-

Cleared solution 4,9 10-10 <3.0 10-10 6.9 10-10 -

Mn-54,Ci / L

Initial solution 3,9 10-9 - 1.1 10-7 8.3 10-7

Cleared solution <3,0 10-10 - 1.6 10-9 <3.0 10-10

Successful tests of sorbent "FEZhEL" on the Kalininskaja, Rovenskaja, Zaporozhskaja and Balakovskaja NPP were carried out in 1986 - 1992. Solutions of cooling ponds of fuel elements, floor drain waters, regeneration solutions of the block desalinating units (BDU) and special purification water were exposed to cleaning.


MediaCs-loading Indicated Water Volume / m3 *

Bq/ml TBq/m3 Feed: 3.0TBq/m3

ANFEZH 1.1E10 11,000 3,667

UNIKET #1 1.6E10 16,000 5,333

UNIKET #2 2.1E10 21,000 7,000

Natural Zeolite 4.8E8 482 161

IE-95 Zeolite 3.4E8 343 114

AnalysisAnalysis of the test solution and leachate of the exhausted column was conducted by Galbraith Laboratories, of Knoxville, Tennessee. Test ResultsThe media tested demonstrated the expected high capacity for Cs removal in a salt-water environment, as summarized here:

3 EKSORB sorbents extraction efficiencyAnalysisAnalysis of the residual waste solution on Beloyarskaya NPP. The initial solution pH=11,6, salt level 350 g/L Test ResultsThe media tested demonstrated the expected high capacity for Cs removal comparing with other producer sorbent:

Sample No Spent sorbent Cs137 activity Bq/l

Cs134 activity Bq/l

Co60 activity Bq/l

Mn54activity Bq/l

Sum of activities, Bq/l

Initial sample --- 9,05E7 1,42E5 1,68E5 2,58E4 9,08E7

Sample #1 NIKET+SMET mix (3g+3g)

4,84E5 5,70E3 1,46E5 <5.00E3 6.30E5

Sample #2 NIKET 5g 1.19E6 1.21E3 1.23E5 <5.76E2 1.31E6

Sample #3 Termoksid 5g 1.42E7 2.28E4 1.52E5 <5.62E3 1.44E7

3 EKSORB sorbents extraction efficiencyPurification of alkaline boron-containing solutionsTests on cleaning of the liquid radioactive waste (LRW) of the NPP in Slovakia (Bohunice and Mochovce) were carried out by DTS in 2009-2010. Structure of the waste which is saved after more than 20 years of operation: рН=10.9-12.7; content of boric acid of 60.3-100.9 g/L, general salinity of 124-272 g/L. Total beta activity to 1400 KBq/L. The best results at sorption in the static mode (4+4 g on 1 L of solution within 1 hour) were shown by mix of sorbents of "UNIKET" and "RATSIR". Results are presented in Table

Isotope Cs-137 Cs-134 Sb-125 Sb-124

Initial Activity, kBq / L 254,83 85,36 1,21 0,94

Activity after sorption, kBq / L

0,045 0,03 0,043 0,045

Purification of mine waters In 2015 tests on cleaning of caesium of imitation of ASSE II mine waters are carried out. One columnar volume of a sorbent clears not less than 1000 columnar volumes of solution to level less than 10 Bq/L. Salinity level is 350 g/L. Purification of de-ballast waters During laboratory researches not less than 10000 volumes of imitation the de-ballast waters are cleared of traces of caesium and cobalt. Level less than 1 Bq/l according to the content of caesium and cobalt in water is reached.

4 COREBRICK™ Technology COREBRICK™ - new technology of treatment and simultaneous conditioning of liquid radioactive

wastes, has been presented by Eksorb in 2014 at WM Symposia (Phoenix, USA) COREBRICK™ uniqueness is that the activity on the surface of the block does not exceed Corebrick

equivalent dose for permanent staff staying – 6 μSv / hour.

COREBRICK™ application for treatment and conditioning of liquid radioactive wastes

COREBRICK™ application for surfaces deactivation

EKSORB team Remez Viktor Pavlovich — honored inventor of Russia, Doctor of Engineering Science — is the Head of the

team. The Company's team consists of highly qualified staff:

85% of employees have higher technical education on the Company’s business profile. 2 leading researchers, 3 senior researchers, 4 research workers, 12 analytical chemists, and 3

laboratory technicians. 5 employees have academic degrees: Doctor of Engineering Science (1 person), Candidate of Technical Sciences (2 persons), and Candidate of Chemical Sciences (2 persons). The total number of employees is 48 people.

Laboratories of the Chemical Analytical Testing Centre (300,0 sq.m) are equiped with modern facilities. Chemical Analytical Testing Centre “EKSORB” is accredited by the Unified National System of Accreditation:

to technical competence and independence for conducting testing activities in accordance with approved scope of accreditation (chem. analysis and water sampling on 50 indicators) (ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATE OF TESTING LABORATORY (CENTRE) No. ROSS RU.0001.510905 on conformity to requirements of GOST ISO/IEC 17025/2009 dated 24.09.12 (to 24.09.17));

as an expert organization involved in carrying out verification activities in the field of public environmental oversight (ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATE No. ROSS RU.0001.410058 dated 19.11.12 to 19.11.17).

The Company was awarded of numerous Diplomas, has Licenses, Authorizations, Patents for inventions, Registered trademarks. EKSORB is ISO 14001:2004 certified company.

EKSORB licenses and certificates