eic detector overview tanja horn tanja horn, eic detector overview, eic advisory committee 2011...

EIC Detector Overview

Tanja Horn

Tanja Horn, EIC Detector Overview, EIC Advisory Committee 2011

Electron-Ion Collider Advisory Committee, Jefferson Laboratory, Newport News, VA

10 April 2011

1

Science of an EIC: Explore and Understand Science of an EIC: Explore and Understand QCDQCD

Tanja Horn, EIC Detector Overview, EIC Advisory Committee 2011 2

• Map the spin and spatial quark-gluon structure of nucleons(̶ Image the 3D spatial distributions of gluons and sea quarks through exclusive J/Ψ, γ (DVCS) and

meson production

(̶ Measure ΔG, and the polarization of the sea quarks through SIDIS, g1, and open charm production

(̶ Establish the orbital motion of quarks and gluons through transverse momentum dependent observables in SIDIS and jet production

• Discover collective effects of gluons in nuclei(̶ Explore the nuclear gluon density and coherence in shadowing through

e + A → e‘ + X and e + A → e‘ + cc + X

(̶ Discover novel signatures of dynamics of strong color fields in nuclei at high energies in e + A → e’ + X(A) and e + A → e’ + hadrons + X

(̶ Measure gluon/quark radii of nuclei through coherent scattering γ* + A → J/Ψ + A

• Understand the emergence of hadronic matter from quarks and gluons− Explore the interaction of color charges with matter (energy loss, flavor dependence, color

transparency) through hadronization in nuclei in e + A → e' + hadrons + X

− Understand the conversion of quarks and gluons to hadrons through fragmentation of correlated quarks and gluons and breakup in e + p → e' + hadron + hadron + X

[INT 2010]

C. Weiss

s

• For large or small y, uncertainties in the kinematic variables become large

Range in yQ2 ~ xys

Range in s

Range of kinematics

• Detecting only the electron ymax

/ ymin

~ 10

• Also detecting all hadrons ymax

/ ymin

~ 100

– Requires hermetic detector (no holes)

• Accelerator considerations limit smin

– Depends on smax

(dynamic range)

• At fixed s, changing the ratio Ee / E

ion can for

some reactions improve resolution, particle identification (PID), and acceptance

C. WeissC. Weiss

valence quarks/gluons

non-pert. sea quarks/gluons

radiative gluons/sea

[Weiss 09]

s

To cover the physics we need…To cover the physics we need…

3Tanja Horn, EIC Detector Overview, EIC Advisory Committee 2011

Vacuum fluct.

pQCD radiation

1. 1. To a large extent driven by exclusive physicsTo a large extent driven by exclusive physics

22. But not only .... But not only ...

• Hermeticity (also for hadronic reconstruction methods in DIS)• Particle identification (also SIDIS)• Momentum resolution (kinematic fitting to ensure exclusivity)• Forward detection of recoil baryons• Muon detection (J/Ψ)• Photon detection (DVCS)

• Very forward detection (spectator tagging, diffractive, coherent nuclear, etc.)

• Vertex resolution (charm)• Hadronic calorimetry (jet reconstruction)

Detector RequirementsDetector Requirements


Where do particles go - generalWhere do particles go - generalp or A e

Many processes of interest in e-p:

Token example: 1H(e,e’π+)n


In general, e-p and even more e-A colliders have a large fraction of their science related to the detection of what happens to the ion beams. The struck quark remnants can be guided to go to the central detector region with Q2 cuts, but the spectator quark or struck nucleus remnants will go in the forward (ion) direction.

[Ent 10+]

Even more processes in e-A:

1) “DIS” (electron-quark scattering) e + p e’ + X

2) “Semi-Inclusive DIS (SIDIS)” e + p e’ + meson + X

3) “Deep Exclusive Scattering (DES)” e + p e’ + photon/meson + baryon

4) Diffractive Scattering e + p e’ + p + X

5) Target Fragmentation e + p e’ + many mesons + baryons

1) “DIS” e + A e’ + X

2) “SIDIS” e + A e’ + meson + X

3) “Coherent DES” e + A e’ + photon/meson + nucleus

4) Diffractive Scattering e + A e’ + A + X

5) Target Fragmentation e + A e’ + many mesons + baryons

6) Evaporation processes e + A e’ + A’ + neutrons

6

diffractive DIS

Diffractive and Deep Inelastic Diffractive and Deep Inelastic ScatteringScattering


10°

5°

Mom

entu

m (

GeV

/c)

Mom

entu

m (

GeV

/c)

• High-momentum mesons at small angles

4 on 250 GeV

4 on 50 GeV

Angle (deg) Angle (deg)

40 206080100120140160180

Angle (deg)

40 206080100120140160180

[W. Foreman 09]

40 206080100120140160180

40 206080100120140160180

Angle (deg)

10

1

10

1

No cuts

Small angle detection important


[Horn 08+]recoil baryonsscattered electronsmesons

4 on

250

Ge

V4

on 3

0 G

eV

PID challenging

0.2° - 0.45°

0.2° - 2.5°

ep → e'π+n

Exclusive light meson kinematicsExclusive light meson kinematicsQ2>10 GeV2

Mom

entu

m (

GeV

/c)

Mom

entu

m (

GeV

/c)

Mom

entu

m (

GeV

/c)

Mom

entu

m (

GeV

/c)

t (G

eV2)

t (G

eV2)

Lab Scattering Angle (deg)





very high momenta

electrons in central barrel, but p different

t/t ~ t/Ep

Θ~√t/Ep


8

EM

Cal

orim

eter

Had

ron

Cal

orim

eter

Muo

n D

etec

tor

EM

Cal

orim

eter

Solenoid yoke + Hadronic Calorimeter

Solenoid yoke + Muon Detector

HT

CC

RIC

H

Cerenkov

Tracking

5 m solenoid

• JLab layout has conical rather than cylindrical forward / backward trackers (with line-of-sight from IP)

• JLab detector does not have the forward RICH inside the solenoid magnet

• JLab detector allocates space for Cerenkov (LTCC) in central barrel for high-momentum PID

• JLab interaction region has a larger ion beam crossing angle 50-60 mrad vs 10 mrad

Minor differencesMinor differences


JLabJLab and and BNLBNL central detector layouts central detector layouts similarsimilar

JLab BNL

DIRC Cerenkov

EM

-C

alor

imet

er

HT

CC

Hadronic Calorimeter

Tracking RIC

H

EM

-C

alor

imet

er

5 m solenoid

e- Beamp/A Beam

Central DetectorCentral Detector

9Tanja Horn, Introduction to EIC/detector concept, Exclusive Reactions Workshop

2010

• 3-4 T solenoid with about 4 m diameter

• TOF for low momenta

• π/K separation

• p/K: DIRC up to 7 GeV

• e/π: C4F

8O LTCC up to 3 GeV

Solenoid Yoke, Hadron Calorimeter, MuonsSolenoid Yoke, Hadron Calorimeter, Muons

Particle IdentificationParticle Identification

• Low-mass vertex tracker

• GEM-based central tracker

• Conical endcap trackers



LTCC / RICH

Tracking

TrackingTracking


• precise vertex reconstruction (< 10 μm) separate Beauty and Charmed Meson

BNL Detector R&D projects

JLAB Detector R&D projects

• low radiation length extremely critical low lepton energies

10 on 50 (s=2000 GeV2)

Mom

entu

m (

Ge

V/c

)

Lab Scattering angle (deg) Lab Scattering angle (deg)

BaBar DIRC

“Super-DIRC”

4 on 30 (s=480 GeV2)

DIRC+gas Cerenkov or (dual radiator barrel RICH)

Detector EndcapsDetector Endcaps

10Tanja Horn, Introduction to EIC/detector

concept, Exclusive Reactions Workshop 2010

• Bore angle: ~45° (line-of-sight from IP)

• High-Threshold Cerenkov (e/π)

• Time-of-Flight Detectors

8̶ Hadrons, event reconstruction, trigger

• Electromagnetic Calorimeter (e/π)

• Bore angle: 30-40° (line-of-sight from IP)

• Ring-Imaging Cerenkov (RICH)

• Time-of-Flight Detectors (event recon., trigger)

• Electromagnetic Calorimeter

8̶ Pre-shower for γ/π° -> γγ (very small opening angle at high p)

• Hadronic Calorimeter (jets)

• Muon detector (J/Ψ production at low Q2)

Space constraintsSpace constraints

Electron side (left)Electron side (left)

Ion side (right)Ion side (right)

• Electron side has a lot of space

• Ion side limited by distance to FFQ quads (7 m @ MEIC, eRHIC similar)

EM

Cal

orim

eter

Had

ron

Cal

orim

eter

Muo

n D

etec

tor

EM

Cal

orim

eter

TOF

HT

CC

RIC

HTracking


10

BNL Detector R&D projects

JLAB Detector R&D projects

Δp/p ~ σp / BR2175°

R1

R2

Crossing angle

• A 2 Tm dipole covering 3-5° eliminates divergence at small angles

• Only solenoid field B (not R) matters at very forward rapidities

• A 3° beam crossing angle moves the region of poor resolution away from the ion beam center line.

– 2D problem!

• Tracker (not magnet!) radius R is important at central rapidities

– Conical trackers improve resolution at endcap corners by (R

2/R

1)2 ~ 4 (not shown)

• position resolution σ~ 100 microns

– CLAS DCs designed for 150 microns

particle momentum = 5 GeV/c 4 T ideal solenoid field

cylindrical tracker with 1.25 m radius (R1)

Goal: dp/p ~ 1% @ 10 GeV/cGoal: dp/p ~ 1% @ 10 GeV/c


Resolution dp/p in solenoidResolution dp/p in solenoid

Forward Detection – 2T-m dipoleForward Detection – 2T-m dipole


12

Forward / BackwardForward / Backward

Spectrometers:Spectrometers:

2m2m 4m4m

Dipoles needed to have good forward momentum resolution and acceptance

Δp/p ~ σp / BR2175°

R1

R2

Crossing angle

• A 2 Tm dipole covering 3-5° eliminates divergence at small angles

• Only solenoid field B (not R) matters at very forward rapidities

• A 3° beam crossing angle moves the region of poor resolution away from the ion beam center line.

– 2D problem!

• Tracker (not magnet!) radius R is important at central rapidities

– Conical trackers improve resolution at endcap corners by (R

2/R

1)2 ~ 4 (not shown)

• position resolution σ~ 100 microns

– CLAS DCs designed for 150 microns

particle momentum = 5 GeV/c 4 T ideal solenoid field

cylindrical tracker with 1.25 m radius (R1)

Goal: dp/p ~ 1% @ 10 GeV/cGoal: dp/p ~ 1% @ 10 GeV/c


Resolution dp/p in solenoidResolution dp/p in solenoid

[Horn, Ent 08+]

Nuclear Science: Map t between tmin and 1 (2?) GeV Must cover between 1 and 5 degrees

Should cover between 0.5 and 5 degrees

Like to cover between 0.2 and 7 degrees

= 5 = 1.3

Ep = 12 GeV Ep = 30 GeV Ep = 60 GeV

t ~ Ep22 Angle recoil baryons = t½/Ep

t resolution ~ ~ 1 mr


Challenge at small angles – recoil Challenge at small angles – recoil baryonsbaryons

[Horn 08+]

t (G

eV2)

Lab Scattering angle (deg)

t (G

eV2)


t (G

eV2 )


IP

ultra forwardhadron detection

dipole

dipole

low-Q2

electron detectionlarge apertureelectron quads

small diameterelectron quads

ion quads

small anglehadron detection

dipole

central detector with endcaps

EM

Cal

orim

eter

Had

ron

Cal

orim

eter

Muo

n D

etec

tor

EM

Cal

orim

eter



HT

CC

RIC

H

Cerenkov

Tracking

5 m solenoid

3° beam (crab) crossing angle

TOF (+ DIRC ?)


MEIC interaction region and central MEIC interaction region and central detector layoutdetector layout

Apertures for small-angle ion and electron detection not shown

15

solenoid

electron FFQs50 mrad

0 mrad

ion dipole w/ detectors

(approximately to scale)

ions

electrons

IP

ion FFQs

2+3 m 2 m 2 m

(“full-acceptance” detector)

Three-stage strategy using 50 mrad crossing angle

Detect particles with angles below 0.5° using 20 Tm dipole beyond ion FFQs.

Distance IP – ion FFQs = 7 m(Driven by push to 0.5 degrees detection before ion FFQs)

detectors

Central detector, more detection space in ion direction as particles have higher momenta.

Detect particles with angles down to 0.5° (10 mrad) before ion FFQs.

Need 2 Tm dipole (for 100 GeV proton beams) in addition to central solenoid.


Forward Ion DetectionForward Ion Detection

17

326269

Thu Jul 15 22:13:10 2010 OptiM - MAIN: - C:\Working\ELIC\MEIC\Optics\Disp_Figure8_rel\Ring_13_period_1.opt

65

00

1-1

BE

TA

_X

&Y

[m]

DIS

P_

X&

Y[m

]

BETA_X BETA_Y DISP_X DISP_Y73.59280

Thu Jul 15 22:14:56 2010 OptiM - MAIN: - C:\Working\ELIC\MEIC\Optics\5GeV Electe. Ring\Spin_rotator_match_7_IR.

65

00

1-1

BE

TA

_X

&Y

[m]

DIS

P_

X&

Y[m

]

BETA_X BETA_Y DISP_X DISP_Y

348.93239

Thu Jul 15 22:52:10 2010 OptiM - MAIN: - C:\Working\ELIC\MEIC\Optics\Ion Ring_900\Arc_Straight_IR_Str_90_in_2.o

26

00

0

5-5

BE

TA

_X

&Y

[m]

DIS

P_

X&

Y[m

]

BETA_X BETA_Y DISP_X DISP_Y

IP

electrons

ions

8 m drift space after low-Q2 tagger dipole

Chromaticity Compensation

Block

IR

Spin Rotator

Arc end

Chromaticity Compensation BlockArc end

Very forward ion tagging

20 Tm analyzing

dipole


MEIC Interaction Region – forward MEIC Interaction Region – forward taggingtagging[Bogacz 10]

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

-20000 -15000 -10000 -5000 0 5000 10000 15000 20000x [cm]

z [cm]

Figure-8 Collider Ring - Footprint

Present thinking: ion beam has 50 mr horizontal crossing angle

Renders good advantages for very-forward particle detection

20 Tm dipole @ ~20 m from IP

(Reminder: MEIC/ELIC scheme uses 50 mr crab crossing)


Use Crab Crossing for Very-Forward Use Crab Crossing for Very-Forward DetectionDetection

[Zhang09+]

ionsions

• From arc where electrons exit and magnets on straight section

Synchrotron radiation Synchrotron radiation

Random hadronic backgroundRandom hadronic background

• Dominated by interaction of beam ions with residual gas in beam pipe between arc and IP

• Comparison of MEIC (at s = 4,000) and HERA (at s = 100,000)

− Distance from ion exit arc to detector: 50 m / 120 m = 0.4

− Average hadron multiplicity: (4000 / 100000)1/4 = 0.4

− p-p cross section (fixed target): σ(90 GeV) / σ(920 GeV) = 0.7

− At the same ion current and vacuum, MEIC background should be about 10% of HERAo Can run higher ion currents (0.1 A at HERA)o Good vacuum is easier to maintain in a shorter section of the ring

• Backgrounds do not seem to be a major problem for the MEIC

− Placing high-luminosity detectors closer to ion exit arc helps with both background types

− Signal-to-background will be considerably better at the MEIC than HERAo MEIC luminosity is more than 100 times higher (depending on kinematics)

Backgrounds and detector placementBackgrounds and detector placement

19Tanja Horn, EIC Detector Overview, EIC Advisory Committee 2011[R. Ent 10]


2 4 6 8

1.902 m

1.719 m

12 14

D=120 mm

5.475 m

16IP

Combined function:1.6 m, 2.230 T, -109 T/m=4 mrad

4.50 m=10 mrad

pc/2.5

1.9 cm (po/2.5)ZDC

=10 mrad=4 mrad

1.1m

1.045 m

1.95 m

1.057 m

neutronsbeam

D=120 mm

10

20

eRHIC - Geometry high-lumi IR with β*=5 cm, l*=4.5 mand 10 mrad crossing angle

Interaction Region configuration Interaction Region configuration for eRHICfor eRHIC

[Aschenauer 11]


The New PheniX SpectrometerThe New PheniX Spectrometer

21

e-p/A

4x100

central armunidentified

North armonly muons

Forward upgradeidentified hadrons

5 GeVx50GeV 20 GeV x 250 GeV

No dependence on hadron beam energy

Q2>0.1GeV2

4GeV >5o

10GeV >2o

20GeV >1o

New PheniX has close to full coverage for scattered lepton

Design completely driven by AA, dA and pp physics program [Aschenauer 11]


The new STAR DetectorThe new STAR Detector

MRPC ToF MRPC ToF BarrelBarrel

BBC

FPD

FMS

EMC Barrel

EMC End Cap

DAQ10DAQ100000 COMPLETE

R&D

TPC

computing

HFHFTT

FGFGTT

MTDMTD

Roman Pots Phase 2

Trigger and DAQ Upgrades

Ongoing

• The new Detector matches kinematics of eRHIC

– Particle ID, sufficent pT resolution, etc. at mid-rapidity

– Upgrades in forward direction: increase capability at lower momentum

22

[Aschenauer 11]

SummarySummary

Tanja Horn, EIC@JLab - taking nucleon structure beyond the valence region, INT09-43W 23Tanja Horn, EIC Detectors, INT10-3

• JLab and BNL detector concepts generally similar

• Emphasis on small-angle coverage(̶ Three stage approach for forward hadron detection

• Detector is well suited for a wide range of experiments

• Integration with accelerator important

• Goal: hermetic detector with high resolution over full acceptance


Backup material

Tanja Horn, EIC@JLab - taking nucleon structure beyond the valence region, INT09-43W 24Tanja Horn, EIC Detector Overview, EIC

Advisory Committee 2011


Detector/IR – Forward & Very ForwardDetector/IR – Forward & Very Forward

• Ion Final Focusing Quads (FFQs) at 7 meter, allowing ion detection down to 0.5o before the FFQs (BSC area only 0.2o)

• Use large-aperture (10 cm radius) FFQs to detect particles between 0.3 and 0.5o (or so) in few meters after ion FFQ triplet

x-y @ 12 meters from IP = 2 mm

12 beam-stay-clear 2.5 cm

0.3o (0.5o) after 12 meter is 6 (10) cm

• Large dipole bend @ 20 meter from IP (to correct the 50 mr ion horizontal crossing angle) allows for very-small angle detection (< 0.3o)

x-y @ 20 meters from IP = 0.2 mm

10 beam-stay-clear 2 mm

2 mm at 20 meter is only 0.1 mr…

(bend) of 29.9 and 30 GeV spectators is 0.7 mr = 2.7 mm @ 4 m

Situation for zero-angle neutron detection very similar as at RHIC!

enough space for Roman Pots & small-angle calorimeters

[R. Ent 10]

EIC – Detector R&D ItemsEIC – Detector R&D Items

EM

Cal

orim

eter

Had

ron

Cal

orim

eter

Muo

n D

etec

tor

EM

Cal

orim

eter



HT

CC

RIC

H

Cerenkov

Tracking

5 m solenoid

DIRC-based PID for EIC Central DetectorCollaboration: JLab, GSI, CUA, ODU

Front end readout module for detector DAQ and trigger system as continuation of 12 GeV efforts Jlab FE group (C. Cuevas)

Improve radiation hardness of Silicon PMTs as continuation of 12-GeV/Hall D workJlab RD&I group (C. Zorn)

Large GEM trackerCollaboration: BNL, Florida Inst. Of Tech., Iowa State, LBNL, MIT, Riken, Stony Brook, Uva, Yale

RICH at high momentaCollaboration: BNL, Florida Inst. Of Tech., Iowa State, LBNL, MIT, Riken, Stony Brook, Uva, Yale

Development of a new detector technology for fiber sampling calorimetersCollaboration: UCLA, Texas A&M, Penn State


Liquid scintillator calorimetry for EICOhio University (J. Frantz)

First Model of eRHIC DetectorFirst Model of eRHIC Detector

E.C. Aschen

auerWorkshop on eRHIC-ePHENIX-eSTAR, March 2010 27

DIRC: not shown because of cut; modeled following Babar no hadronic calorimeter and -ID jet

CALIC technology combines ID with HCAL

EM-CalorimeterPbGl High Threshold

Cerenkovfast trigger on e’e/h separation

Dual-Radiator RICH

as LHCb /HERMES

TraditionalDrift-Chambers

better GEM-Tracker

Central Trackeras BaBar

Si-Vertexas Zeus

Hadronic Calorimeter

[Aschenauer 11]

JLab - Detector Component JLab - Detector Component ModelingModeling

[Collaboration: JLab, GSI, CUA, ODU]

0.4

48

43

m

Q5D5

Q4

90.08703 m

60.0559 m

10

0.2

58

2

m

04/21/23 29

3 m

4.5

=4 mrad10.26m

39.98 m

=10.3255 mrad

10 mrad5.3 m 0

.31

57

26

m3020

=0.0036745 mrad

30 GeV e-

325 GeV p

125 GeV/u ions

eRHIC - Geometry high-lumi IR with β*=5 cm, l*=4.5 mand 10 mrad crossing angle

Interaction Region configuration Interaction Region configuration for eRHICfor eRHIC

[Aschenauer 11]

10 on 60

• Modest (up to ~6 GeV) electron energies in central & forward-ion direction.

• Electrons create showers electron detectors are typically compact.

Scattered Electron KinematicsScattered Electron Kinematics


Low-Q2 electrons in electron endcap

High-Q2 electrons in central barrel: 1-2 < p < 4 GeV

Mo

me

ntu

m (

Ge

V/c

)

Mo

me

ntu

m (

Ge

V/c

)

Electron Scattering Angle (deg) Electron Scattering Angle (deg)

[Horn 08+]

•Larger energies (up to Ee) in the forward-electron direction: low-Q2 events.

Cross section:

Pythia ep: 0.030 – 0.060 mbLuminosity: 1034 cm-1 s-1 = 107 mb-1 s-1

E.C. Aschen

auerWorkshop on eRHIC-ePHENIX-eSTAR, March 2010 31

low multiplicity4-6 √s = 40-65 GeVNch (ep) ~ Nch (eA) < Nch(pA) no occupancy problem

ep

*p

p

Interaction rate:300 -600 kHz

Some thought about ratesSome thought about rates

[Aschenauer 11]

eic detector overview tanja horn tanja horn, eic detector overview, eic advisory committee 2011...

Documents

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