egypt, india middle east china. 6000 b.c.e. – 300 b.c.e

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  • Slide 1
  • Egypt, India Middle East China
  • Slide 2
  • 6000 B.C.E. 300 B.C.E
  • Slide 3
  • The Nile River Longest River in the World. (4,160 Miles) River flows South to North into a Fan Wind blows North to South Trade, Travel, Linking Kingdom (Uniting) Transportation, Supply of Water Cataracts (or rapids)
  • Slide 4
  • HERODOTUS When the Nile overflows, it floods both its banks to an average distance of forty miles. But why it does so I find it impossible to discover.I would particularly like to know why it starts flooding in mid-summer, of all times, and goes on doing so for over three months before sinking back to its original level
  • Slide 5
  • Egyptian Civilization along 750 miles of the Nile Heavy Rains = Summer Floods Farmers (Two to Three crops a year) Food? Canals (Irrigation systems) Planning promoted cooperation among people. Granite, Sandstone & Limestone in River (Building materials)
  • Slide 6
  • Nubian & Libyan Deserts Mediterranean & Red Seas Well protected from invaders Isthmus of Suez Land bridge between Africa & Asia (Trade, Idea exchanges) How did the Nile River contribute to the development of Egyptian civilization?
  • Slide 7
  • Characteristics of a Civilization (5) What are they? 3000 B.C. Nile Valley People developed Hieroglyphics (form of writing) 600 signs, pictures, symbols that represents words and sounds Carved in stone hard materials Scribes read and wrote, worked for church & government
  • Slide 8
  • Slide 9
  • Egyptian discovered a way to make paper Papyrus = Paper Ink - soot, water, and plant juice (brush rush) Documents: medical books, calendars, stories, poems, & prayers Easy to carry around (clay) http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=DCR8n7qS43w http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=DCR8n7qS43w http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=DCR8n7qS43w
  • Slide 10
  • 1798 French Army invaded Egypt French officer discovered unusual stone Why the name Rosetta? Carved in Stone (Greek, hieroglyphics, demotic) French language expert solved the mystery of hieroglyphics, used G Greek to decode it
  • Slide 11
  • 2680 B.C. to 2180 B.C.
  • Slide 12
  • 3200 B.C. Menes (King Upper) united Upper & Lower Egypt Founded Dynasty Rule passed through Family Pharaoh (great house) held all power (government, judges, high priests, army & trade) Pyramid Age & Great Sphinx stood as symbols glory of Egyptian Civilization Three Pyramids built in Giza (King Khufu) (Khafre) (Menkaure) Sphinx stands to guard Khafres pyramid
  • Slide 13
  • Two classes Lower (peasants, farmers, army, labor) Could improve status but not class Upper (Pharaoh, royal family, scribes, government, priests, nobles) Women equal status to men (could own property) Nobility became stronger, Pharaohs power weakened (Ended Kingdom) Civil wars (100 years)
  • Slide 14
  • 2050 B.C. to 1780 B.C.
  • Slide 15
  • Golden Age (Stability, Prosperity, & Increased Trade) New line of Pharaohs reunited Egypt Period of Time: Hyksos (Foreigners) Asia introduced new war tools chariot, compound bow Nobility regroups grows strong again Hyksos was driven out of Egypt
  • Slide 16
  • 1570 B.C. to 1080 B.C.
  • Slide 17
  • Great Pharaohs regain power (city of Thebes) Powerful & Strong Army Gained territory (Eastern end of Mediterranean) Built Empire ruling over Ethnic Groups Hatshepsut (1503-1482 B.C.) First known female Pharaoh (death of husband) Strong ruler, maintain boarders, built trade with other lands
  • Slide 18
  • 1380 B.C. to 1362 B.C. Pharaoh Amenhotep IV ( Social and Religious change) Before belief in many Gods (Polytheism) Amenhotep believed in one God (Monotheism) The Sun God symbolized by solar disk (Aton) Pharaoh changed name (Akhenaton) he who is pleasing to Aton
  • Slide 19
  • People didnt want change in one God Akhenaton dies priests gain control Ramses II (1279 B.C. to 1213 B.C.) Ramses the Great Held Empire together, Built many Temples & Monuments Last Great Pharaoh Series of Sea People weakened Egypt Assyrians, Nubians, & Persians attacked By 300 B.C. rule by Egyptians Ended
  • Slide 20
  • Slide 21
  • Mined Copper, made Bronze Engineering skills Pyramids, Tombs, Canals (Irrigation systems) 365 Day Calendar Medical advances Surgery, Setting the Bone Chariot, Compound Bow Making paper out of papyrus plant Sculpture, pottery
  • Slide 22
  • Front Side- Translate first name into new Egyptian name Draw symbols vertically on Bookmark Color and decorate front side Back side- Pick 5 symbols that represent you egyptartsite.com/symlst.html Separate Paper (Paragraph) 1.What the symbol means? 2.Why it represents you?
  • Slide 23