egn 5620 enterprise sys sd process fall 2012
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Sales & DistributionProcesses
EGN 5620 Enterprise Systems Configuration(Professional MSEM)
Fall, 2012
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Sales & Distribution Process
1. Engage in pre-sales activities2. Create quotations and send to customers3. Create sales orders
4. Schedule & deliver5. Bill customer (by invoice)6. Receive payment from customer7. Handle sales order return
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Sales & DistributionProcess
SAP Implementation
EGN 5620 Enterprise Systems Configuration(Professional MSEM)
Fall, 2012
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Business Process Integration
Rules
FI
MM
SD
FI SDMM
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Pen IncorporatedProcure for Sales Order
Pre-SalesActivity
Sales OrderDelivery Billing
GeneralLedger
Accounts
PurchaseRequisition
PurchaseOrder
GoodsReceipt
InInventory
Plant orWarehouse
InvoiceReceipt
AvailabilityCheck
NO
YES
Goods toDelivery
Goods fromPurchase Order
InventoryPostings
AccountsReceivable
AccountsPayable
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Business Process Integration
SD Process
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SalesProcess
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SAP Sales Order Process
(Order-to-Cash)
Integration
Sales OrderEntry
Post GoodsIssue
InvoiceCustomer
Delivery Note &Pick Materials
Receipt ofCustomer Payment
PackMaterials
CheckAvailability
Pre-SalesActivities
Sales QuotationEntry
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SAP SD Process
1. Engage in pre-sales activities2. Create quotations and send to customers3. Create sales orders, item proposal, or
scheduling agreement4. Schedule delivery and create delivery
note5. Create/send invoice to customer (billing)6.
Receive/post payment from customer7. Handle sales order return
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SD3: Create Sales Order A sales order contains all of the information
needed to process customers request. Theprocess for creating a sales order has thefollowing steps:1. Pricing
2. Credit limit check3. Availability Check
4. Delivering Schedule
5. Shipping point and route determination6. Transfer of requirements to MRP
7. foreign trade and license processing
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SD3-1: Pricing SAP can display pricing information at both the header and
the line item level for sales order.
It enables the user to program varied pricing procedures tomeet individual organizations needs.
The pricing is extendable; it can be attached, or extended toexternal pricing programs or elements outside SAP forpricing.
It also allows Gross to Net pricing: This allows discountsand reductions from the master price.
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SD3-2: Credit Check
SAP provides an efficient means to implementcredit management
It is integrated with Financial Accounting (FI), via
credit control area
It automatically alerts when a credit check fails
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SD3-2: Credit Check A large number of outstanding receivables or bad
debts can have a considerable impact on companyperformance.
The user may minimize credit risk by defining a
credit limit for customers by using CreditManagement.
This is especially important if a company does
business with customers in financially unstablesectors or countries, or trade with countries thatare politically unstable or that adopt a restrictiveexchange rate policy.
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SD3-3: Availability CheckAvailability Check
Determines the materialavailability date
Considers all inward andoutward inventorymovements
Allow for 3 methods of
deliveryOne-time delivery ( on-
time one-time delivery)
Complete delivery(possibly delayed one-
time delivery)Delayed proposal (allows
partial delivery schedule)
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SD3-3: Availability Check
In determining the material availability thefollowing elements can be included in theavailability check
Safety stock
Stock in transfer Quality inspection stock
Blocked stock
Restricted use stock All movements of stock
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SD3-3: Availability Check
Inward/Outward movement of goods purchase orders
purchase requisitions
planned orders
production orders reservations
dependent reservations
dependent requirements sales requirements
delivery requirements
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SD3-3: Availability Check
One-time delivery Deliver on the requested delivery date
In this section, SAP checks whether the
requested delivery date can be kept to. If stockof the material is available to make a deliveryon the requested delivery date, the stockquantity is confirmed here.
If there is no stock available, confirmedquantity zero is displayed.
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SD3-3: Availability Check
Complete delivery
In this section, SAP checks whether there will besufficient stock for complete delivery at a laterdate:
If there is sufficient stock available at a later
date to cover the required quantity in the salesdocument, the system proposes the date here.
If the system determines that completedelivery cannot be made at a later date, no
date is proposed in this section.
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SD3-3: Availability Check
Delayed proposal
In this section, SAP checks whether and for whichdates partial deliveries can be made. Partialdeliveries are displayed for different dates. Thesedates are based on the planned inward and
outward movements of stock. During an availability check which takes
replenishment lead time into account, the dateon which replenishment lead time ends is
displayed if insufficient stock means that nopartial deliveries can be made beforereplenishment lead time ends.
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SD3-4: Delivery Scheduling
SAP can automatically schedule essentialshipping activities, using backward andforward scheduling rules.
It uses defined activity times to scheduledelivery activities.
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SD3-4: Delivery SchedulingTerms used in scheduling are defined below.
Transit time is the time in days that is required to deliver goodsfrom your premises to the customer location. It is defined for aroute.Loading timeis the time in days that is required for loading adelivery item. It is determined from the shipping point, the route,
and the loading group of the material.Pick/pack time is the time in days that is required for allocatinggoods to a delivery as well as the time in days that is required forpicking and packing. It is calculated using the shipping point, theroute, and the weight group of the order item.Transportation lead-time is the time in days that is needed toorganize the shipping of the goods. This might include booking aship and reserving a truck from a forwarding agent. It is definedfor a route.
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SD3-4: Delivery Scheduling
The following 5 deadlines are of importance for deliveryscheduling:1. Material availability deadline: must start picking and
packing activities on the material availability deadline.This deadline must be selected early enough in
advance so that the goods are ready by the givenloading deadline.
2. Transportation scheduling deadline: the date on
which you must start to organize the transportation ofthe goods. This deadline must be selected early enoughto ensure that the means of transport is available bythe loading deadline.
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SD3-4: Delivery Scheduling
3. Loading deadline:the date on which the goods mustbe available for loading and on which all vehicles thatare required to ship these goods must be ready forloading. After the time required for loading the goods
(loading time) has expired, goods issue can be carriedout.
4. Goods issue deadline:the date on which the goods
leave the company in order to arrive punctually at thecustomer location.
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SD3-4: Delivery Scheduling
5. Delivery deadline: the date on which the goods are toarrive at the customer location. The difference between thegoods issue deadline and the delivery deadline iscalculated from the transit time required for the route
between the delivering plant and the customer.The delivery deadline can be the customer's requesteddelivery deadline or the confirmed delivery date (that is,the earliest date on which you can deliver goods to thecustomer).
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SD3-4: Delivery SchedulingAn item consists of one or more schedulelines. The schedule line contains all the datathat is needed for a delivery.
For example,
a customer orders 20 units of a particularmaterial which you enter as one item in thesales order. However, you can only deliver 10pieces now and the remaining 10 pieces nextmonth. So you need to schedule two
deliveries.The data for these deliveries (dates, confirmedquantities) are stored in two separate schedulelines.
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SD3.4: Delivery Scheduling
Structure of sales documents
Header
Line Item # 1
Line Item # 2
Schedule Line # 1
Schedule Line # 1
Schedule Line # 2
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SD3-5: Shipping Point and RouteDetermination
A shipping point is determined for each line item
A delivery can only be processed from oneshipping point
Routes - route to be traveled & transit time aredetermined using customized rules
Routes can be used to simply define transit time
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Sales order is transferred to MRP as a CustomerIndependent Requirement (CIR). If a deficit isfound, SAP will propose a purchase req. orplanned order to fulfill the shortage afterrunning MRP or MPS.
Sales and distribution requirements reduceexisting stock or inward movements of stock onthe material availability date to ensure that
other outward movement of stock elementscannot access the quantity reserved in this way.
SD3-6: Transfer of requirements to MRP
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SD3-6: Transfer of requirements to MRP
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SD3-7: Foreign Trade and LicenseProcessing
Predefined trade areas NAFTA, EU
Automated reporting for trade areas
Automated controls
License management Embargo lists
Control by customer, country, product, point intime
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SD3: Create Sales OrderThe sales order document is
made up of three primary
areas: HeaderData relevant for the entire
sales order: customer data,total cost of the order,number of the sold-to party,number of the ship-to partyand the payer, documentcurrency and exchange rate,
pricing elements for theentire document, deliverydate and shipping pointorder
Line ItemInformation about the specific
product: Ex: material andquantity, cost of anindividual line
Schedule LinesUniquely belongs to a Line
Item, contains deliveryquantities and dates forpartial deliveries
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SD3: Create Sales Order
Item DataWhereas data in the document header applies to all itemsin the document, some data applies only to specific items.This data is stored at item level and includes the: Material number
Target quantity for outline agreements Number of the ship-to party and the payer (analternative ship-to party or payer can be defined for aparticular item)
Plant and storage location specifications Pricing elements for the individual items Schedule line data
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SD4: Schedule delivery and createDelivery notes Initiates the delivery process
Control mechanism for the process
Changes to delivery are allowable - products,quantities
Integrated with the Material Management (MM)
and Finance (FI) modules
Picking
Packing
Loading
Post Goods Issue
DeliveryNote
Each step inthe deliveryprocessupdates thedeliverynote status
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Delivery/ Goods Issuing
Reconciliation AccountSales quotation
Sales order
Materials Management (MM)and Financial Accounting (FI)
Delivery/GoodsIssuing
No impact onFinancial Accounting (FI)
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SD4: Shipping
OrderCombination
Sales Order 1
Sales Order 2
Sales Order 3
Delivery 812
PartialDelivery
Sales Order 4
Delivery 813
Delivery 814
Delivery 815
CompleteDelivery
Sales Order 5
Delivery 816
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DS5: Billing Overview
SAP has the functions of processingcredit/debit memos and rebates
It automates invoicing, based on salesorders and/or deliveries
It can create pro forma (paper) invoices It is integrated with Finance (FI) &
Controlling (CO)
It updates customers credit data
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DS5: Billing
Sales Invoice
Sold To:Rushmore Group
Sales Org: S001Dist Channel: REDivision: 01
Conditions/Price:
$120
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DS5: Billing Methods
CollectiveInvoicing
Delivery basedInvoicing
Delivery 834
Delivery 833
Order 14
Order 9
Delivery 856
Invoice 968
Order 6Delivery 820
Delivery 821
Invoice 945
Invoice 946
SplitInvoicing
Order 32 Delivery 886
Invoice 992
Invoice 991
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DS5: Billing Documents
It explicitly specifies documents
Billing due list builds a work list ofinvoices that should be generated
Automatic posting to Financial Accounting(FI): debit to customer sub-ledger accountand credit revenue account.
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DS5: Billing Plans
Periodic total amount for a plannedbilling period
Milestone distributing the total amount
over multiple billing dates - typically usedwith the project system (PS)
Installment evenly proportionedamounts and defined payment dates
Resource related consumed resourcessuch as service or consulting
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SD6: Payment
Payment is the final step in the sales orderprocess.
SAP posts payments against invoices.
The posting clears the liability in the A/Raccount and increases your bank account.
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SalesProcess
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SD7: Handle Customer Return
Customer ReturnOrder received
GoodsReceipt
CreateCredit Memo
QualityInspection
Paymentto Customer
DeliveryNote
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SD7: Handle Customer Return
1
2
3
Order 14 Delivery 856
Return Order Return Delivery
Invoice 968
PaymentCredit Memo
QualityInspection
Return to Inventory
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SD7: Handle Customer Return
Returns document Billing block can be proposed
Use the Order reason field to identify thereason for the return
Full access to pricing and ability to re-price
Return delivery Issues a goods receipt to place material into
inventory
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SD7: Handle Customer Return
Credit memo Billing block must be cleared from Return
Posts to Financial Accounting (FI)
Can be processed in batch (background) Can be processed collectively (grouped)
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PEN, Inc.
EGN 5620 Enterprise Systems Configuration(Professional MSEM)
Fall, 2012
Sales & DistributionProcesses
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Sales Quotation
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Sales Order
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SD Process: Billing DocumentsAt this point
that the salesprocess ispassed overto FinancialAccounting to
awaitpayment.
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Document Flow
The document flow feature allows you tofind the status of an order at any point intime. The SAP system updated the order
status every time a change is made to anyof the documents created in the customerorder management cycle (Order to Cash).
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Exercises:144a. Create customer quotation
144. Create sales order from sales quotation
145. Check stock status
146. Create delivery note for sales order
147. Check stock status
148. Picking materials on delivery note
149. Post goods issue150. Check stock status
151. Bill customer
152. Post receipt of customer payment
153. Review document flow
154. Create Customer Material Info Record155. Create sales order using customer info record
156. Create delivery for sales order
157. Pick materials on delivery note
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