LISTENINGLISTENING

Effective Listening: Principles and Effective Listening: Principles and BarriersBarriers

MiscommunicationMiscommunicationListening comprises of two stages: 1) Encoding & transmission of the message by

the sender 2) Decoding and providing the required

feedback by the receiver

Miscommunication happens if you are not a careful and attentive listener, it also arises when listening is hampered at the stage of encoding

Listening: Listening: the art of hearing and the art of hearing and understanding what someone is sayingunderstanding what someone is saying

L…..I…S…..T…..E…N: art of listening

• Look

• Identify

• Set – up

• Tune in

• Examine

• Note

Process of listeningProcess of listening(understand the various stages of listening)(understand the various stages of listening)

• Selecting stage: listener selects important stimuli

and converts it into a message

• Interpreting stage: listener is engaged in decoding the message and is faced with multiple barriers – semantic, linguistic, psychological, emotional, or environmental

• Evaluating stage: listener adds a meaning to the message, seeks accuracy of information. Prior experiences, beliefs, emotions come in the way of evaluation

•Responding stage: is important to the speaker, non-verbal

signals tell whether listener has understood or not

•Memory stage: final stage of listening, listeners can retain

only 10 - 25% of a talk, but when the speakers use good

visuals than there is higher recall rate

Types of listeningTypes of listening• Passive – when the listener is physically present

and mentally absent

• Marginal – when there is too much, too little, uninteresting or unrelated information. When you are expected to listen something.

• Projective listening – the receiver tries to view and assimilate contents of the presentation according to a personal frame of mind

• Sensitive listening – receiver is able to understand the viewpoint of the speaker in exactly the same terms as intended

• Active listening – is maximum intake from the communication process, receiver absorbs all that is being said a combination of active & sensitive makes an ideal form of listening

Barriers to the listening processBarriers to the listening process

• Content: listeners knowing too much or too little

• Speakers: delivery , listeners attitude towards the speaker etc

• Distance and circumstances: least effort – when speaker is not visible, most effort during eye to eye contact.

• Distractions: Distractions: sound, light, mannerisms,sound, light, mannerisms,

voice etc voice etc can easily distract the listenercan easily distract the listener

• Mindset: attitude of the listener, the mind set of the individual can either magnify or diminish stimuli

• Language: ambiguity of the language, misinterpretation when the words are

imprecise, emotional technical or based on personal definitions established by background, education, and experience

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