effective communication tamara thomas, assistant director stanislaus county department of child...
DESCRIPTION
Good Communicator ■Think of someone you know who is a good communicator. ■What makes them a good communicator? ■What traits do they display?TRANSCRIPT
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Effective Communication
Tamara Thomas, Assistant DirectorStanislaus County
Department of Child Support Services
October 2010
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Overview■Introduction of Topic■Basic Communication Model■Understand the Impact of Nonverbal
Communication■Learn How to Listen Effectively■Communication Tools■Communication Network■Identify Various Learning Styles■Identify Various Communication Styles■Workplace Communication
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Good Communicator
■Think of someone you know who is a good communicator.
■What makes them a good communicator?
■What traits do they display?
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Different Meanings■Communication can be both a thing
✷ Letter✷ Email✷ Fax
■Communication can be a process✷ Something you send✷ Something you get
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Ways we rely on communication...■Making phone
calls■Returning
phone calls■Sending emails■Responding to
emails■Writing Memos■Writing Reports
■Writing Agenda Items
■Attending meetings
■Talking with co-workers and customers
■Making presentations
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How Much Time…
■How much of your work day do most employees spend in some form of communication?
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VolunteerActivity
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Miscommunication
■Attempts at communicating can create:
✷ Confusion✷ Misunderstanding
■Problems can occur with one-way communication
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One-Way Communication
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What is communication?
■The process by which information is transmitted and understood between two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior
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Communication Model
Sender – Message encoded
Receiver - Message decoded
Feedback decoded
Feedback encoded
Channel - message
Channel - feedback
Noise
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Communication Model
Huh?
Message
Blah, blah, blah, blah…
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Communication Barriers■ Perceptions—Determines what messages we
select or screen out
■ Filtering—Some messages are filtered or stopped altogether on their way up or down the organizational hierarchy
■ Jargon—Technical language, acronyms, and words with specialized meaning in certain departments
■ Ambiguity—Using words that convey fuzzy meanings such as a lot, often, sometimes can result in communication failure
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Communication Out—Sending
■What you say—Clear and concise
■How you say it✷ Tone✷ Body language
■What they hear—Confirm understanding
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Communication Influences
■Verbal—7% influence on message
■Nonverbal—93% influence on message!
✷ 38% vocal tone✷ 55% facial expressions
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Non-Verbal Cues■Even in face-to-face meetings, most
information is communicated non-verbally
■Non-verbal cues are typically unconscious
■We receive more formal training on how to understand spoken words as opposed to understanding non-verbal signals
■Non-verbal cues are more ambiguous and more susceptible to misinterpretation
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Communication In—Receiving■Developing active listening skills is
important for you to be successful
■Active listening improves relationships between co-workers and customers
■It also increases efficiency and productivity through teamwork
■Listening also helps the organization by learning the needs of our customers
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Listening and Understanding■Building rapport is achieved by:
✷ Listening to the message✷ Understanding the message
■Listening is as important as talking
■Listening also requires more effort than most of us realize
■Ways to acknowledge understanding
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Effective Listening1. Respect for the speaker—be open minded
2. Attention to the speaker—requires focus on the content and eliminating distractions
3. Appropriate body language—maintain eye contact, lean forward, nod
4. Interaction with the speaker—repeat what you hear to verify your understanding
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Listening TechniquesLISTENING BEHAVIOR EXAMPLES
Neutral Response I see…That is interesting…
Restatement As I understand it, your plan is…
Questioning Could you explain more about…Do you mean that…
Summarizing These are the key ideas you have expressed…
Reflection So, you are saying that you feel…
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Ineffective Listening Behavior• Interrupting the speaker• Completing the speakers sentences• Creating distraction• Daydreaming• Reacting emotionally• Making assumptions about the speaker • Being close-minded• Faking attention• Thinking of one's own response• Jumping to conclusions
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Goal of communication?
■U N D E R S T A N D I N G
✷ I want to hear what you have to say
✷ I want to know what you think✷ I want to understand the issues
through your eyes
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Quote■“It is a luxury to be understood.”
Ralph Waldo Emerson
■“I like to listen. I have learned a great deal from listening carefully. Most people never listen.”
Ernest Hemmingway
■“The most important thing in communication is to hear what isn’t being said.”
Peter F. Drucker
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Communication Tools
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Communication Tools■ Fax■ E-mail■ Phone■ Voice mail■ Face-to-face■ Computer conference■ Bulletin boards■ Group/staff meetings■ Text/instant
messaging
■ Formal presentations■ Web page■ Hotlines (PD, Help
Desk)■ Audio and videotapes■ Videoconference■ Teleconference■ Pager■ PowerPoint■ Facebook■ Twitter
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Effective Messages1. Determine the message—what do you want
them to know?
2. Prepare the message—target the message to your audience
3. Deliver the message—tell people how they can benefit from listening to your message
4. Confirm the message—confirm your audience received the message you intended
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Designing Clear Messages“Effective immediately, all employees must take their breaks, for that matter a morning and afternoon break. There have been numerous complaints coming from managers, supervisors and employees about employees not taking their breaks and where they take their breaks. Breaks are required and this is negatively affecting morale and productivity, and is a violation of the law as well. From here on out, if anyone doesn’t take their break this could result in disciplinary action up through and including the possibility of termination of their employment.”
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Communication Networks
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Formal Networks■Follows organizational structure
defined by organizational charts
■Formal communication flows within the chain of command as defined by the organization
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Informal Networks■A communication channel that exists
outside formally authorized channels without regard for the organization’s hierarchy
■Coexists with formal communications but may skip hierarchical levels
■Can cut across vertical chains of command to connect virtually anyone in the organization
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Informal■Importance of the grapevine
■Grapevine participants
■Pitfalls of the grapevine
■How can management control the grapevine?
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Learning Styles Inventory
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Learning Style One—Imaginative Learners
■These are your people, people
■They will talk your ear off
■Like to express their beliefs, feelings, and opinions
■They like cooperative activities, discussions and meetings
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Learning Style Two—Analytic Learners ■ They are really good at thinking things
through
■ Deal in facts and right answers
■ They like complex problems
■ They are organized, sequential, and orderly
■ They wish the 1s in the room would shut up so they can think
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Learning Style Three—Common Sense Learners
■They are fascinated by how things work■They have a hands-on approach■Focus on the practical application of new
information■Want ideas to be clear, understandable, and
useful■They get their work done expediently■Many of the conveniences of modern
civilization have been created by 3s who were trying to solve practical everyday problems
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Learning Style Four—Dynamic Learners
■They are comfortable with change■They are great innovators■They are not afraid to be in charge of
others ■Act on intuition and hunches■Love to try new things—risk takers ■Trust the world of their own
experiences more than they trust the world of theory
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Learning Styles Influence Communication Styles
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Communication Styles
2FACTS
3ACTION
4IDEAS
MORE DIRECT
LESS EMOTIONAL
MORE EMOTIONAL
LESS DIRECT
1RELATIONSHIPS
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Modify Communication…■One style does not fit all! ■You need to modify your communication style and
approach depending on the preferences of the person you are communicating with
■Some prefer a quick and straightforward approach
■Others prefer a more casual pace and less assertive words
■Some prefer revealing emotion or feelings, others prefer not to let them be known
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Communication Styles■Maybe the person you thought was difficult to
communicate with isn’t difficult at all…just a different style than you
■Important to understand the strengths and weaknesses of each communication style
■Just as it is important to recognize different ways of learning, it is also important to understand and value each communication style so we can become more efficient communicators
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Communication Strategy
■“If there is any great success in life, it lies in the ability to put yourself in the other person’s place and to see things from his point of view—as well as your own.”
Henry Ford
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Workplace Communication
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Styles of Communication
Respectful Disrespectful
Descriptive CriticalShowing regard Showing disregardConnected Disconnected
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Communication Goals
■Solve the communication problem
■Strengthen the work relationship
■Improve your Interpersonal Skills
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Why Improved Interpersonal Skills?
■It is the one predominant skill people are least prepared to tackle
■It is the least practiced skill■It is one of the most feared skills of
people■Deficits in this area almost always
lead to other performance concerns that affect efficiency and effectiveness
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The Need for Improved Interpersonal Skills
■Assume Positive Intent■Deliver the Message■Stay Focused and Not
Defensive■It’s Not Personal■Choose the Correct
Language
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Turn Conflict into Conversation■Affective Conflict
✷ Poorer Decisions✷ Decreased
Commitment✷ Decreased
Cohesiveness✷ Decreased
Empathy✷ Reduced Progress
■Cognitive Conflict✷ Better Decisions✷ Increased
Commitment✷ Increased
Cohesiveness✷ Increased Empathy✷ Increased
Understanding
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• Make time to discuss the situation
• Explore differences
• Encourage respect
• Take personal responsibility to help resolve issues
How can we all get along?
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Closing■Steven Covey wrote:
✷ “In the last analysis, what we are communicates far more eloquently than anything we say or do.”
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Questions?
Evaluation Sheet
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Thank you for attending!